CN109724650A - A kind of greenhouse monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of greenhouse monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109724650A CN109724650A CN201910071268.7A CN201910071268A CN109724650A CN 109724650 A CN109724650 A CN 109724650A CN 201910071268 A CN201910071268 A CN 201910071268A CN 109724650 A CN109724650 A CN 109724650A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of greenhouses to monitor system.The system includes terminal information acquisition module, ZigBee coordinator, intensity of illumination sensor, P in soil H value sensor, specific soil conductivity sensor, RS485 bus and host computer；Terminal information acquisition module includes multiple sensor nodes, and sensor node acquires the temperature and humidity information in greenhouse, and temperature and humidity information is sent to ZigBee coordinator by Z-stack protocol stack；Temperature and humidity information is sent to host computer by serial ports by ZigBee coordinator；Intensity of illumination sensor acquires intensity of illumination, and intensity of illumination is passed through RS485 bus transfer to host computer；P in soil H value sensor acquires P in soil H value, and P in soil H value is passed through RS485 bus transfer to host computer；Specific soil conductivity sensor acquires specific soil conductivity, and specific soil conductivity is passed through RS485 bus transfer to host computer；Host computer is for showing and monitoring temperature and humidity information, intensity of illumination, P in soil H value and specific soil conductivity.The present invention can be realized the automatic monitoring to greenhouse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to greenhouses to monitor field, monitors system more particularly to a kind of greenhouse.
Background technique
China has a vast territory, cultivated area is vast, is the country for possessing cultivation culture in thousands of years, all the time all by
The world is known as large agricultural country.With lower bound time stamp and scientific and technological progress, China is also gradually from the traditional agriculture based on manual labor
Production model to combine the precision agriculture of modern information technologies production model transformation.
For the objective factors such as China's climate variability, complex geographical environment limitation crops high-volume grow, cultivate show
Shape, greenhouse come into being.Greenhouse just receives greatly to pursue and trust once emerging.Domestic reality is from farming
The plantation of object, the adjusting for irrigating the factor for influencing crop growth in monitoring and canopy to greenhouse-environment, which all rely primarily on, manually to be come
Operation, not only needs to be lost a large amount of labours, but also manual measurement also brings along inevitable error, and it is big to have reduced greenhouse
The science of canopy management.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of greenhouses to monitor system, realizes the automatic monitoring to greenhouse.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of greenhouse monitoring system, including terminal information acquisition module, ZigBee coordinator, intensity of illumination sensing
Device, P in soil H value sensor, specific soil conductivity sensor, RS485 bus and host computer；The terminal information acquisition module packet
Include multiple sensor nodes, the sensor node is used to acquire the temperature and humidity information in greenhouse, and by the temperature and humidity
Information is sent to the ZigBee coordinator by Z-stack protocol stack；The ZigBee coordinator passes through serial ports for the temperature
Humidity information is sent to the host computer；The intensity of illumination sensor is for acquiring intensity of illumination, and by the intensity of illumination
Pass through RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；The P in soil H value sensor is for acquiring P in soil H value, and by the soil
PH value passes through RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；Specific soil conductivity sensor is used to acquire specific soil conductivity, and will be described
Specific soil conductivity passes through RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；The host computer is for showing and monitoring the temperature and humidity letter
Breath, the intensity of illumination, the P in soil H value and the specific soil conductivity.
Optionally, the sensor node includes Temperature Humidity Sensor and single-chip microcontroller；The Temperature Humidity Sensor is used for
The temperature and humidity information in greenhouse is acquired, the single-chip microcontroller is connect with the Temperature Humidity Sensor, described warm and humid for controlling
The temperature and humidity information in sensor acquisition greenhouse is spent, and described in the temperature and humidity information is sent to by Z-stack protocol stack
ZigBee coordinator.
Optionally, the single-chip microcontroller includes setting apparatus, controller and transmission unit；The setting apparatus is for setting acquisition
Time, the controller control the Temperature Humidity Sensor according to the acquisition time and carry out humiture collection, and the transmission is single
Member is for being sent to the ZigBee coordinator for the temperature and humidity information.
Optionally, the model DHT11 of the Temperature Humidity Sensor.
Optionally, the model CC2530 of the single-chip microcontroller.
It optionally, further include Switching Power Supply, it is described that the Switching Power Supply, which is used to 220V voltage being converted to 12V voltage,
Intensity of illumination sensor, the P in soil H value sensor and the power supply of specific soil conductivity sensor.
Optionally, the model SM2161B of the intensity of illumination sensor.
Optionally, the model SM2120B of the P in soil H value sensor.
Optionally, the model EC10 of the specific soil conductivity sensor.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technical effect that the present invention passes through ZigBee coordinator for temperature and humidity
Information is uploaded to host computer, and intensity of illumination, P in soil H value and specific soil conductivity are uploaded to host computer by RS485 bus,
It is shown and is monitored by host computer, to realize the monitoring to greenhouse automation, generalization.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that greenhouse of the embodiment of the present invention monitors system；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of ZigBee of embodiment of the present invention coordinator group network process；
Fig. 3 is the work flow diagram of coordinator of the embodiment of the present invention and terminal node；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of data of the Temperature and Humidity module of embodiment of the present invention transformat.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To keep objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment party
The present invention is described in further detail for formula.
As shown in Figure 1, greenhouse monitoring system includes terminal information acquisition module, ZigBee coordinator, intensity of illumination
Sensor, P in soil H value sensor, specific soil conductivity sensor, RS485 bus and host computer (PC machine).The end message
Acquisition module includes multiple sensor nodes, and the sensor node is used to acquire the temperature and humidity information in greenhouse, and will
The temperature and humidity information is sent to the ZigBee coordinator by Z-stack protocol stack；The ZigBee coordinator passes through string
The temperature and humidity information is sent to the host computer by mouth；The intensity of illumination sensor is for acquiring intensity of illumination, and by institute
It states intensity of illumination and passes through RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；The P in soil H value sensor is used to acquire P in soil H value, and
The P in soil H value is passed through into RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；Specific soil conductivity sensor is for acquiring soil conductivity
Rate, and the specific soil conductivity is passed through into RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；The host computer is for showing and monitoring institute
State temperature and humidity information, the intensity of illumination, the P in soil H value and the specific soil conductivity.
USB converter reality is turned by RS485 with the communication of host computer after the completion of clusters of sensors information collection in the present invention
It is existing.The 485 turns of USB converters used in the design meet USB2.0 standard, using USB AM printing port standard, meet RS485
Standard.485 ports of converter connect clusters of sensors, and USB port installs driving after being inserted into PC machine, after the completion can display end
Message breath.
The sensor node includes Temperature Humidity Sensor and single-chip microcontroller；The Temperature Humidity Sensor is for acquiring greenhouse
Temperature and humidity information in greenhouse；The single-chip microcontroller includes setting apparatus, controller and transmission unit；The setting apparatus is for setting
Acquisition time, the controller control the Temperature Humidity Sensor according to the acquisition time and carry out humiture collection, the biography
Defeated unit is used to the temperature and humidity information being sent to the ZigBee coordinator.End sensor node powers on rear automatic searching
To the WLAN to be added, it is responsible for acquiring temperature and humidity information by DHT11 after networking successfully, and by collected analog signal
It is converted to digital signal and CC2530 is transmitted to by data pin, then pass through Z-stack agreement Wireless transceiver to coordinator.
DHT11 is the Temperature Humidity Sensor that a output is digital signal.It has extra small volume, extremely low power consumption,
Signal transmission distance is widely used in the fields such as Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning, dehumidifier up to 20 meters or more.DHT11 Temperature Humidity Sensor
Performance is shown in Table 1.
1 DHT11 Temperature Humidity Sensor performance specification of table
Model CC2530, the CC2530 chip of the single-chip microcontroller is for setting up 2.4-GHz, meeting IEEE802.15.4 mark
Quasi- WLAN.The CC2530 development board that the present invention uses be (TI) company, Texas Instrument production be exclusively used in ZigBee skill
The development kit of art application.This chip supports newest Zigbee protocol --- ZigBee2007/PRO.Furthermore this chip combines
Leading RF transceiver, enhanced 8051CPU, programmable flash memory, 8-KBRAM and many other powerful functions to develop
Person carries out exploitation operation difficulty using it and substantially reduces.Simultaneously it power consumption is extremely low in a sleep state, this point and ZigBee skill
The characteristics of art low-power consumption, coincide very well.
The operating voltage of CC2530 and DHT11 is 3.3V, the 5v for being inputted direct current by the conversion circuit carried on bottom plate
Voltage is converted to the operating voltage of 3.3V.CC2530 chip provides two kinds of crystal oscillators, and one is external 32M quartz crystal oscillator, is made
With serial communication, as high frequency clock source when especially wirelessly communicating.The other is external 32.768K quartz crystal oscillator, makees
With being to provide benchmark timing for system time.
The working condition of DHT11 is controlled by the MCU (8051) inside CC2530, and MCU is according to artificial settings periodically to warm and humid
Spend sensor DHT11 send read temperature and humidity instruction, DHT11 be connected to instruction after acquire data of the Temperature and Humidity module and complete analog quantity to
The conversion of digital quantity, can issue signal after converting, MCU is after receiving and converting signal, the data that will be disposed
Transmission reads out and sends coordinator to.The work flow diagram of coordinator and terminal node is as shown in Figure 3
The temperature and humidity information is sent to the host computer by serial ports by the ZigBee coordinator.After coordinator powers on
Building network and the process for introducing terminal node addition network are as shown in Figure 2.When transmitting data of the Temperature and Humidity module, by temperature and humidity
Numerical value conversion is the form of ascii code, and the effective word joint number of transmission is 4 bytes, respectively temperature tens part, temperature
Digit part, humidity tens part and humidity units part.In order to distinguish the information of two terminal nodes, in effective byte
Before add an opening flag position, an end mark position, data of the Temperature and Humidity module transformat such as Fig. 4 institute are added after effective byte
Show.
Core of the ZigBee coordinator as humiture acquisition system, has following functions:
1) as the networking center of star ZigBee-network
Coordinator powers on the rear wireless office established centered on oneself according to the personal area network address (PANID) artificially set
Domain net.After WLAN creation, coordinator becomes first node in this network.When end sensor node powers on
Afterwards, they understand the WLAN near automatic searching, require them to be also added by sending instruction to end sensor node
Into the local area network set up by coordinator, so far coordinator unit and the success of end sensor equipment network.
2) father node of network is added in end sensor node
When there is new terminal node to power on, when open the searching local area network to be added, end sensor node can Xiang Renwei
Coordinator in the WLAN of the desired addition of setting sends beacon request command frame, after coordinator verifies beacon frame content
One beacon frame of terminal can be replied to, content includes the network address that coordinator is distributed to this terminal node, agree to its networking,
That is coordinator becomes the father node of this terminal node.
SM2161B intensity of illumination sensor is RS485 interface, complies with standard MODBUS-RTU agreement, can complete to light
Strong acquisition and numerical value upload.The technical parameter of SM2161B is shown in Table 2, and the device address setting after accessing bus is complete by software
At default communication baud rate is 9600, and all operations of equipment or commands in return data are all 16 systems.The interface that sensor is drawn
For four-wire interface, wiring explanation is as shown in table 3.
2 SM2161B wide-range illuminance sensor technical parameter of table
| Parameter | Technical indicator |
| Illuminance measurement range | 0-20 0000lux |
| Resolution ratio | 10Lux |
| The limits of error | ± 7% |
| Temperature characterisitic | ± 0.5%/DEG C |
| Power supply | DC6V-24V 1A |
| Power consumption | 2W |
| Storage temperature | -40-85℃ |
| Running environment | - 40 DEG C~+85 DEG C |
3 SM2161B wide-range illuminance sensor wiring explanation of table
| Core color | Label | Explanation |
| It is red | V+ | Power supply just, voltage range: DC6-24V |
| Green | V- | Power cathode |
| Yellow | A+ | RS485 A+ |
| Blue | B- | RS485 B- |
SM2120B P in soil H value sensor is RS485 bus type pH value sensor, using RS485 interface, standard
MODBUS-RTU agreement.The technical parameter of SM2120B is shown in Table 4, device address can self-setting, when use needs to pay attention to probe
It is fully inserted into soil, otherwise measured value has larger difference.SM2120B P in soil H value sensor wire and intensity of illumination sensor
It is completely the same.
4 SM2120B P in soil H value sensor technology parameter of table
EC10 soil conductivity sensor performance stable sensitivity is high, is observation and the generation of research salinized soil, develops, changes
Good and water salt dynamic important tool.Support RS485 interface, easy-to-connect, precision is high, and response is fast, and interchangeability is good, and probe is inserted
Enter formula design and guarantees that measurement is accurate, reliable performance.The technical parameter of EC10 sensor is shown in Table 5, and the wiring of four leads illustrates to see
Table 6.
5 EC10 soil conductivity sensor technology parameter of table
6 EC10 soil conductivity sensor wire explanation of table
| Core color | Label | Explanation |
| It is red | V+ | Power supply just, voltage range: DC6-30V |
| Black | V- | Power cathode |
| Yellow | A+ | RS485 A+ |
| White | B- | RS485 B- |
RS485 bus is a kind of common serial interface bus, using half-duplex operation, supports that multipoint data is logical
Letter.When connecting multiple sensor nodes using RS485 bus, using terminal coupling type structure, sensor node is successively connected
It is connected in a bus, not the communication between supporting node.RS485 bus has the following characteristics that
The message transmission rate of RS485 is up to 10mb/s, and maximum communication distance is about 1219m, with the increasing of distance
Greatly, transmission rate is smaller and smaller.If necessary to which data are transferred to longer distance with RS485 bus, then need plus 485 relay
Device.
RS485 the operation is stable, transmission is reliable, and ability resistant to common code interference is strong.
Be not suitable for the situation that Node distribution is at random, node is numerous when practice of construction uses.The information of common greenhouse
Acquisition node does not limit to instead of on one wire, is distributed in star, so being realized using RS485 bus to greenhouse each point
The acquisition of information is difficult to realize.Each device node distance farther out when, be easy to produce asking for signal reflex when transmitting data
Topic.
Intensity of illumination, soil conductivity and P in soil H value in greenhouse are collected using RS485 bussing technique in the present invention
The reason of have it is following three aspect:
Acquisition intensity of illumination, soil conductivity, the P in soil H value sensor module overwhelming majority currently on the market be
RS485 interface, standard MODBUS-RTU agreement.In view of the universality and operability of this greenhouse information monitoring system,
The design realizes the transmission and long-range monitoring to this three environmental factors using RS485 bussing technique.
In view of the actual monitoring demand of greenhouse, intensity of illumination, soil conductivity and P in soil H value in a greenhouse
Acquisition node generally only need each one, and the humidity in greenhouse can with the difference of each regional irrigation degree different, institute
To need to be arranged multiple acquisition nodes comprehensively to monitor, the data being collected into can be supplied to automatic irrigation system to do
Regulation measure out.Therefore, the humiture collection subsystem discomfort of multinode shares RS485 bussing technique to realize, and illumination is strong
The monitoring system of degree etc. three can be completed with RS485 bussing technique.
The operating voltage of intensity of illumination sensor module, soil conductivity sensor module and P in soil H value sensor module
For 6v -24v, and CC2530 and DHT11 are low energy-consumption electronic device, and operating voltage only has 3.3V, so this three sensor modules
It cannot be connected on CC2530 peripheral circuit.
Normal working voltage needed for the clusters of sensors of RS485 bus connection is 6v -24v, cannot directly utilize 220v
Alternating current is powered for it, and the power supply mode that the present invention takes is that 220v alternating current is converted to 12v voltage by a Switching Power Supply to supply
To clusters of sensors.After the completion of power supply, the method that clusters of sensors is connected to 485 buses is to access in parallel.
Each sensor has the device address of oneself in bus, can pass through software modification device address.Host computer is only
It needs to specify corresponding device address according to 485 bus protocols, specified sensing can be read by retransmiting reading device command
The information that the transmission of device equipment comes.The device address of three sensors is as shown in table 7 in RS485 bus.Host computer procedure is according to one
The collected numerical value of sensor module, reading order are first to read intensity of illumination, followed by soil is electric to fixed sequence successively, by turns
Conductance is finally P in soil H value.
3.7 device address table of table
| Sensor type | Device address |
| Intensity of illumination | 0x01 |
| P in soil H value | 0x02 |
| Soil conductivity | 0x08 |
The order for reading intensity of illumination, P in soil H value, soil conductivity is 8 bytes, and the order for reading intensity of illumination is shown in
Table 8, the order for reading P in soil H value are shown in Table 9, and the order for reading soil conductivity is shown in Table 10, and specific format is as follows:
The order of the reading intensity of illumination of table 8
| Byte 0 | Byte 1 | Byte 2 | Byte 3 | Byte 4 | Byte 5 | Byte 6 | Byte 7 |
| 0x01 | 0x03 | 0x00 | 0x00 | 0x00 | 0x01 | 0x84 | 0x0A |
The order of the reading P in soil H value of table 9
| Byte 0 | Byte 1 | Byte 2 | Byte 3 | Byte 4 | Byte 5 | Byte 6 | Byte 7 |
| 0x02 | 0x03 | 0x00 | 0x00 | 0x00 | 0x01 | 0x84 | 0x39 |
The order of the reading soil conductivity of table 10
| Byte 0 | Byte 1 | Byte 2 | Byte 3 | Byte 4 | Byte 5 | Byte 6 | Byte 7 |
| 0x08 | 0x04 | 0x00 | 0x00 | 0x00 | 0x05 | 0x30 | 0x90 |
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects: the present invention passes through ZigBee
Temperature and humidity information is uploaded to host computer by coordinator, by RS485 bus by intensity of illumination, P in soil H value and specific soil conductivity
It is uploaded to host computer, is shown and is monitored by host computer, to realize the monitoring to greenhouse automation, generalization.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of greenhouse monitors system, which is characterized in that including terminal information acquisition module, ZigBee coordinator, illumination
Intensity sensor, P in soil H value sensor, specific soil conductivity sensor, RS485 bus and host computer；The end message is adopted
Collection module includes multiple sensor nodes, and the sensor node is used to acquire the temperature and humidity information in greenhouse, and by institute
It states temperature and humidity information and the ZigBee coordinator is sent to by Z-stack protocol stack；The ZigBee coordinator passes through serial ports
The temperature and humidity information is sent to the host computer；The intensity of illumination sensor is used to acquire intensity of illumination, and will be described
Intensity of illumination passes through the RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；The P in soil H value sensor is used to acquire P in soil H value,
And the P in soil H value is passed through into the RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；Specific soil conductivity sensor is for acquiring soil
Earth conductivity, and the specific soil conductivity is passed through into the RS485 bus transfer to the host computer；The host computer is for showing
Show and monitor the temperature and humidity information, the intensity of illumination, the P in soil H value and the specific soil conductivity.
2. greenhouse according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that the sensor node includes temperature and humidity
Sensor and single-chip microcontroller；The Temperature Humidity Sensor is used to acquire temperature and humidity information in greenhouse, the single-chip microcontroller with
The Temperature Humidity Sensor connection, for controlling the temperature and humidity information in the Temperature Humidity Sensor acquisition greenhouse, and will be described
Temperature and humidity information is sent to the ZigBee coordinator by Z-stack protocol stack.
3. greenhouse according to claim 2 monitors system, which is characterized in that the single-chip microcontroller includes setting apparatus, control
Device and transmission unit processed；The setting apparatus controls institute according to the acquisition time for setting acquisition time, the controller
It states Temperature Humidity Sensor and carries out humiture collection, the transmission unit is used to the temperature and humidity information being sent to the ZigBee
Coordinator.
4. greenhouse according to claim 2 monitors system, which is characterized in that the model of the Temperature Humidity Sensor
DHT11。
5. greenhouse according to claim 2 monitors system, which is characterized in that the model of the single-chip microcontroller
CC2530。
6. greenhouse according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that it further include Switching Power Supply, the switch
Power supply is used to 220V voltage being converted to 12V voltage, is the intensity of illumination sensor, the P in soil H value sensor and soil
The power supply of earth conductivity sensor.
7. greenhouse according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that the model of the intensity of illumination sensor
For SM2161B.
8. greenhouse according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that the model of the P in soil H value sensor
For SM2120B.
9. greenhouse according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that the type of the specific soil conductivity sensor
Number be EC10.
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| CN201910071268.7A CN109724650A (en) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | A kind of greenhouse monitoring system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110149990A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-23 | 华东师范大学 | Greenhouse plants growing environment regulating system based on ZigBee |
| CN113465662A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-10-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Soil humiture and conductivity detection system |
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