CN109723384B - Pipe-following well-forming dewatering construction method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a pipe-following well-completion dewatering construction method which is simple and convenient to operate, quick in construction, good in dewatering effect, safe and reliable, greatly accelerates the construction progress of an underground excavated tunnel, and reduces the construction cost of the underground excavated tunnel; the invention provides a construction method, which is characterized in that a seam is cut on the pipe wall (filter pipe section) of a well pipe to be used as a water seepage hole, the width of the water seepage hole is 2mm, the length of the water seepage hole is 20cm, the water seepage hole is annularly arranged at 3 positions, the longitudinal distance is 60cm, and all the well pipes are provided with the water seepage hole for seam cutting; welding a pipe shoe at the bottom of the first-section well pipe, and sleeving the bottom of the first-section well pipe on a telescopic drill bit through the pipe shoe; during construction, the well pipes are descended along with drilling head drilling, when the first well pipe is descended to a certain height, the drilling is stopped, a second well pipe is installed, the well pipes are connected by pipe sleeve welding, the second well pipe continues to drill after being installed, and the drilling is circulated in the way until the designed elevation is reached, so that a water well is formed; using residual coarse particles around the well as a filter material to wrap the well pipe; the invention has simple operation and quick construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground construction, in particular to a pipe following well-forming dewatering construction method.
Background
Along with the rapid expansion of urban scale in China, more and more cities are built for subway engineering, the common construction methods of subway intervals comprise an open excavation method, a subsurface excavation method and a shield method, and the subsurface excavation method is still widely used as a main method for interval construction. However, underground water is frequently encountered during underground excavation construction, particularly poor geological conditions such as bulk strongly weathered granite and fully weathered granite are frequently encountered, the underground water is easy to soften and disintegrate when meeting water, the strength is rapidly reduced, the phenomena of block falling, collapse and the like are caused when the underground water is volatile and stable, the construction difficulty and the safety risk during underground excavation operation are greatly increased due to the existence of the underground water, and if the underground water is reduced to be below 0.5-1m of the tunnel bottom before the underground excavation operation is started, the waterless excavation operation is ensured, the engineering construction progress can be greatly accelerated, the safety risk is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the engineering construction quality and the civilized construction degree in the tunnel can be improved; if the underground water level is not controlled below the tunnel bottom, the safety and normal construction cannot be guaranteed, and serious consequences such as tunnel vault collapse, tunnel face mud burst and the like can be caused due to improper control. The construction precipitation needs to meet the technical specifications of foundation pits of constructional engineering and the relevant specifications of underground railway engineering.
Some current precipitation construction methods are comparatively complicated, and the construction is difficult, can lead to tired construction cycle.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the pipe following well-forming dewatering construction method which is simple and convenient to operate, quick in construction, good in dewatering effect, safe and reliable, greatly accelerates the construction progress of the underground excavated tunnel, and reduces the construction cost of the underground excavated tunnel.
The invention provides a construction method, which comprises the following steps; 1. and determining the number, depth, spacing and planar arrangement of dewatering wells according to geological conditions of geotechnical investigation.
2. Positioning a well; and (4) according to the position of the well pattern provided by the precipitation design scheme, performing field lofting to determine the well position and the well spacing. Under normal conditions, the deviation of the well position is less than or equal to 50mm, and if the well position needs to be adjusted under special conditions (such as underground obstacles, ground or air obstacles), the well position is properly adjusted according to the field conditions under the condition of ensuring the precipitation effect.
3. Positioning a drilling machine: the crawler-type drilling machine is adopted, after the drilling machine is in place, the flatness of the drilling machine and the verticality of a drilling tower are adjusted through the four hydraulic supporting legs, and hydraulic locking is carried out after accurate alignment so as to guarantee that the drilling machine is stably installed.
4. Drilling and following the well pipe;
4.1, performing slotting treatment on well pipes (the well pipes are phi 168 steel pipes, the wall thickness is 3mm, the length is 6m, slots are formed in pipe walls (filter pipe sections) to serve as water seepage holes, the water seepage holes are 2mm in width and 20cm in length, 3 positions are circumferentially arranged, the longitudinal distance is 60cm, and water seepage holes are uniformly distributed in all the well pipes) before construction, and processing connecting pipe sleeves (prefabricating for later use);
4.2, welding a pipe shoe at the bottom of the first-section well pipe, sleeving the bottom of the first-section well pipe on the telescopic drill bit through the pipe shoe, and fixing the top of the first-section well pipe on the drill rod through a connecting piece; during construction, the well pipes are descended along with drilling head drilling, when the first well pipe is descended to a certain height, the drilling is stopped, a second well pipe is installed, the well pipes are connected by pipe sleeve welding, the second well pipe continues to drill after being installed, and the drilling is circulated in the way until the designed elevation is reached, so that a water well is formed;
4.3, using residual coarse particles around the well hole as a filter material to wrap the well pipe; and (3) recording the well depth in time according to the well pipe follow-up quantity in the drilling process, and finally measuring the well depth by using a measuring rope, wherein the well depth is not less than the designed depth.
5. Installing a water pump and a water pipe; the selected lift is not less than 60m, and the water discharge is not less than 6m3A PVC water supply pipe with the water pipe not less than 50mm is selected for the water pump per hour, and the water pump is comprehensively checked before installation to ensure that the water pump can stably run after installation; the distance between the bottom of the water pump is not less than 3m, and the water pump is suspended and fixed by a steel wire rope.
6. Beginning to reduce water; after the installation is finished, firstly performing trial pumping, completely pumping and discharging the slurry in the well, and starting to perform formal precipitation when the trial pumping is finished when the effluent becomes clear; the dewatering well is used for continuously pumping water without interruption, and when the water pump needs to be maintained and replaced, the dewatering well is used for one-by-one operation, and meanwhile, the monitoring frequency of water level change is increased. After the water pumping is started, whether the water pipes are unblocked or not is checked one by one, and the leakage phenomenon exists, such as reworking or maintenance of joints or water pipe leakage.
The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, quick construction, good dewatering effect, safety and reliability, greatly quickening the construction progress of the underground excavated tunnel, reducing the construction cost of the underground excavated tunnel, having remarkable overall economic benefit and social benefit, and achieving the advanced level of the industry by the construction process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drilling heel tube of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a process flow of the construction method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the water pump of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an expanded view of a well casing sidewall according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 4.
The construction method is suitable for precipitation in sandy clay layers, bulk strong (fully) weathered rock formations and fractured strong (fully) weathered rock formations.
The method comprises the following steps:
1. and determining the number, depth, spacing and planar arrangement of dewatering wells according to geological conditions of geotechnical investigation.
2. Positioning a well; and (4) according to the position of the well pattern provided by the precipitation design scheme, performing field lofting to determine the well position and the well spacing. Under normal conditions, the deviation of the well position is less than or equal to 50mm, and if the well position needs to be adjusted under special conditions (such as underground obstacles, ground or air obstacles), the well position is properly adjusted according to the field conditions under the condition of ensuring the precipitation effect.
3. Positioning a drilling machine: the crawler-type drilling machine is adopted, after the drilling machine is in place, the flatness of the drilling machine and the verticality of a drilling tower are adjusted through the four hydraulic supporting legs, and hydraulic locking is carried out after accurate alignment so as to guarantee that the drilling machine is stably installed.
4. Drilling and following the well pipe 2;
4.1, performing slotting treatment on well pipes 2 (the well pipes 2 are made of phi 168 steel pipes, the wall thickness is 3mm, the length is 6m, slots are formed in pipe walls (filter pipe sections) to serve as water seepage holes 4, the water seepage holes 4 are 2mm wide and 20cm long, 3 positions are circumferentially arranged, the longitudinal distance is 60cm, and the water seepage holes 4 are uniformly distributed in all the well pipes 2) before construction, and processing connecting pipe sleeves (for prefabrication and standby);
4.2, welding a pipe shoe 3 at the bottom of the first-section well pipe 2, sleeving the bottom of the first-section well pipe 2 on the telescopic drill bit 1 through the pipe shoe 3, and fixing the top of the first-section well pipe on a drill rod through a connecting piece; during construction, the well pipes 2 descend along with the drilling of the drilling head 1, when the first well pipe 2 descends to a certain height, the drilling is stopped, the second well pipe 2 is installed, the well pipes 2 are connected through pipe sleeves in a welded mode, the second well pipe 2 continues to drill after being installed, the drilling is circularly carried out in the following pipe mode until the designed elevation is achieved, and a water well is formed;
4.3, using residual coarse particles around the well hole as a filter material to wrap the well pipe 2; and (3) recording the well depth in time according to the follow-up quantity of the well pipes 2 in the drilling process, and finally measuring the well depth by using a measuring rope, wherein the well depth is not less than the designed depth.
5. Installing a water pump and a water pipe; the selected lift is not less than 60m, and the water discharge is not less than 6m3For the water pump of the/h, a PVC pipe with the nominal diameter not less than 50mm is selected as a water pipe, and the PVC pipe is comprehensively checked before installation to ensure that the PVC pipe can stably run after installation; the distance between the bottom of the water pump and the bottom of the well is not less than 3m, and the water pump is suspended and fixed by a steel wire rope.
6. Beginning to reduce water; after the installation is finished, firstly performing trial pumping, completely pumping and discharging the slurry in the well, and starting to perform formal precipitation when the trial pumping is finished when the effluent becomes clear; the dewatering well is used for continuously pumping water without interruption, and when the water pump needs to be maintained and replaced, the dewatering well is used for one-by-one operation, and meanwhile, the monitoring frequency of water level change is increased. After the water pumping is started, whether the water pipes are unblocked or not is checked one by one, and the leakage phenomenon exists, such as reworking or maintenance of joints or water pipe leakage.
When the construction method is applied specifically, 1, the number, depth, spacing and planar arrangement of dewatering wells are determined according to geological conditions of geotechnical investigation; on site, personnel, mechanical equipment and materials need to be prepared in advance; before drilling construction, each well pipe 2 is processed in advance.
The well pipe 2 is made of a steel pipe with the diameter of 168mm, the wall thickness of the steel pipe is 3mm, the length of each well pipe is 6m, and the well pipe 2 is fed according to the total depth of a designed well and is surplus; steel sleeves are machined on site by using phi 168mm steel pipes, the length is 20cm, and the number of the steel sleeves is machined according to the requirement on site; the pipe shoes 3 are finished fittings and are matched with steel pipes for use, the inner diameter of each pipe shoe is phi 140mm, the upper part of the outer diameter is 1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the steel pipe, the lower part of the outer diameter is consistent with the outer diameter of the steel pipe, the number of the pipe shoes is configured according to the design number of the dewatering wells on site, and each dewatering well is provided with 1 pipe shoe 3.
2. Positioning a well; according to the position of a well pattern provided by a precipitation design scheme, performing field lofting to determine the well position and the well spacing; under normal conditions, the deviation of the well position is less than or equal to 50mm, and if the well position needs to be adjusted under special conditions (such as underground obstacles, ground or air obstacles), the well position is properly adjusted according to the field conditions under the condition of ensuring the precipitation effect.
3. Positioning a drilling machine: the crawler-type drill is adopted, the flatness of the drill and the verticality of a drilling tower are adjusted through the four hydraulic support legs after the drill is in place, and hydraulic locking is carried out after accurate alignment so as to guarantee that the drill is stably installed.
4. Drilling and following the well pipe;
during drilling, a three-way pipeline is arranged at the upper end of a drill rod, synchronous supply of high-pressure air and engineering water is achieved through the three-way pipeline on the upper portion of the drill rod, water is supplied to properly wet soil (the water supply amount is based on no dust and no slurry is formed during drilling), an air compressor sends the high-pressure air to the bottom of a drill hole through an air supply pipe, fine particles such as powder sticky particles in the hole are blown out along a gap between a well pipe 2 and the wall of the well, coarse particles (quartz sand and the like) are left to wrap the periphery of the well pipe 2, and a filter layer of a dewatering well is automatically formed.
During drilling, all the powder sticky particles and fine particles around the well pipe 2 must be blown out, so that the drilling speed cannot be increased blindly; well diameter, well depth and well spacing are controlled strictly according to design requirements; when one well is drilled, quality inspection and acceptance are carried out, the aperture deviation is less than or equal to 10cm, the verticality deviation is less than or equal to 5%, and the well depth deviation is less than or equal to 20 cm.
5. Installing a water pump and a water pipe; the selected lift is not less than 60m, and the water discharge is not less than 6m3For the water pump of the/h, a PVC pipe with the nominal diameter not less than 50mm is selected as a water pipe, and the PVC pipe is comprehensively checked before installation to ensure that the PVC pipe can stably run after installation; the distance between the bottom of the water pump and the bottom of the well is not less than 3m, and the water pump is suspended and fixed by a steel wire rope.
6. Beginning to reduce water; after the installation is finished, firstly performing trial pumping, completely pumping and discharging the slurry in the well, and starting to perform formal precipitation when the trial pumping is finished when the effluent becomes clear; the dewatering well is used for continuously pumping water without interruption, and when the water pump needs to be maintained and replaced, the dewatering well is used for one-by-one operation, and meanwhile, the monitoring frequency of water level change is increased. After the water pumping is started, whether the water pipes are unblocked or not is checked one by one, and the leakage phenomenon exists, such as reworking or maintenance of joints or water pipe leakage.
During pumping, whether the pumping pipe and the water pump have faults or not is checked frequently, the pumping pipe and the water pump are repaired or replaced in time once being found, and the pumping condition is checked frequently, so that the water pump is prevented from being burnt out without water, and the precipitation effect is prevented from being influenced.
In the whole well drilling and water pumping process, a special person is required to take charge of well formation recording and water pumping recording so as to ensure the well formation quality and normal water pumping.
Before large-area precipitation, a precipitation test must be carried out, whether the precipitation scheme is reasonable or not is verified, whether the precipitation effect is obvious or not is verified, and otherwise, the precipitation scheme is adjusted in time.
In order to prevent the ground settlement caused by taking out fine particulate matters in the stratum from the underground water, the sand content of the pumped water is detected: coarse sand content <1/50000, medium sand content <1/20000, and fine sand content < 1/10000. After the sand content is detected to be qualified for the first time (after the water is pumped normally for the first time), the sand content is periodically detected when the interval time does not exceed 3 months during the water pumping, and the detection times are encrypted according to the conditions under abnormal conditions. After the water pumping is started, the water yield and the sand content of the discharged water of the single well are checked one by one. When the sand content is too large, the water pump can be lifted, if the sand content is still large, the well should be flushed again, and the well is abandoned and re-drilled when the sand content is still not in accordance with the requirements after flushing.
The construction method has the advantages of simple construction equipment, simple and convenient operation, simple construction process and high construction efficiency, and the well pipe 2 does not need to be wrapped by a dense mesh net or a special gravel reverse filter layer, so the construction efficiency is high. A well is formed by commonly arranging a sand and gravel reverse filter layer dewatering well for about 3 days, 1-2 wells are formed in each day, pipes are not easy to block, the dewatering effect is good, the occupied area for construction is small, the environmental pollution is small, and the environmental protection effect is good.
The hole forming in the method is a dry drilling method, and slurry preparation and slurry circulation and outward transportation treatment are not needed in the construction process; high-pressure air and a small amount of water are supplied through the three-way pipeline in the drilling process, and the water mainly plays a role in wetting a drilling soil body, so that dust generated in the drilling process is prevented from polluting the environment and influencing the health of operation workers. Therefore, the construction method has the advantages of small occupied area, small environmental pollution, good operation condition and good overall environmental protection effect.
The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, quick construction, good dewatering effect, safety and reliability, greatly quickening the construction progress of the underground excavated tunnel, reducing the construction cost of the underground excavated tunnel, having remarkable overall economic benefit and social benefit, and achieving the advanced level of the industry by the construction process.
Claims (4)
1. A pipe-following well-forming dewatering construction method comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining the number, depth, spacing and planar arrangement of dewatering wells according to geological conditions of geotechnical investigation;
secondly, positioning the well; according to the position of the well pattern provided by the precipitation design scheme, the well position and the well spacing are determined by field lofting,
the deviation of the well position is less than or equal to 50mm under the normal condition, and if the well position needs to be adjusted under special conditions, the well position is properly adjusted according to the field conditions under the condition of ensuring the precipitation effect;
step three, positioning a drilling machine: the crawler-type drilling machine is adopted, the flatness of the drilling machine and the verticality of a drilling tower are adjusted through four hydraulic support legs after the drilling machine is in place, and hydraulic locking is carried out after accurate alignment so as to ensure that the drilling machine is stably installed;
fourthly, drilling and following the well pipe (2);
before construction, the well pipe (2) is slit, and a connecting pipe sleeve is processed;
welding pipe shoes (3) at the bottom of a first well pipe (2), sleeving the bottom of the first well pipe (2) on a telescopic drill bit (1) through the pipe shoes (3), fixing the top of the first well pipe on a drill rod through a connecting piece, wherein the pipe shoes (3) are finished fittings and are matched with the well pipe (2) for use, the inner diameter of the pipe shoes is phi 140mm, the upper part of the outer diameter is 1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the well pipe (2), the lower part of the outer diameter is consistent with the outer diameter of the well pipe (2), the number of the pipe shoes is allocated according to the design number of field dewatering wells, and each dewatering well is provided; during construction, the well pipes (2) descend along with the drilling of the drill bit (1), when the first well pipe (2) descends to a certain height, the drilling is stopped, a second well pipe (2) is installed, the well pipes (2) are connected through pipe sleeves in a welded mode, the second well pipe (2) continues to be drilled after being installed, the drilling is circulated in the mode until the design elevation is reached, and a water well is formed;
the residual coarse particles around the well hole are used as filter materials to wrap the well pipe (2); during drilling, all powder sticky particles and fine particles around the well pipe (2) must be blown out, and the drilling speed cannot be increased blindly; well diameter, well depth and well spacing are controlled strictly according to design requirements; when one well is drilled, quality inspection and acceptance are carried out, the aperture deviation is less than or equal to 10cm, the verticality deviation is less than or equal to 5%, and the well depth deviation is less than or equal to 20 cm; the well depth is recorded in time according to the follow-up quantity of the well pipes (2) in the drilling process, and finally the well depth is measured by a measuring rope and is not less than the designed depth;
step five, installing a water pump and a water pipe;
step six, beginning to reduce water; after the installation is finished, firstly performing trial pumping, completely pumping and discharging the slurry in the well, and starting to perform formal precipitation when the trial pumping is finished when the effluent becomes clear; the dewatering well is used for continuously pumping water without interruption, and when the water pump needs to be maintained and replaced, the dewatering well is used for one-by-one operation, and meanwhile, the monitoring frequency of water level change is increased; after the water pumping is started, whether the water pipeline is unblocked or not is checked one by one, and the leakage phenomenon exists, such as the leakage of a joint or a water pipe needs to be reworked or maintained.
2. The pipe following well-forming dewatering construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the well pipes (2) are made of phi 168 steel pipes, the wall thickness is 3mm, the length is 6m, slots are formed in the pipe walls to serve as water seepage holes (4), the width of each water seepage hole (4) is 2mm, the length of each water seepage hole is 20cm, the positions of the water seepage holes are circumferentially arranged at 3 positions, the longitudinal distance is 60cm, and the water seepage holes (4) are uniformly distributed in all the well pipes (2).
3. The well-following water-lowering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the water pump has a selected lift of not less than 60m and a selected displacement of not less than 6m3For the water pump of the/h, a PVC pipe with the nominal diameter not less than 50mm is selected as a water pipe, and the PVC pipe is comprehensively checked before installation to ensure that the PVC pipe can stably run after installation; the distance between the bottom of the water pump and the bottom of the well is not less than 3m, and the water pump is suspended and fixed by a steel wire rope.
4. The method for pipe-following well-descending construction according to claim 1, wherein the well casing (2) is fabricated on site by using phi 168mm steel pipes, the length is 20cm, and the number is fabricated according to the requirement on site.
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| CN112227944A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-15 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Dewatering well construction process applied to tunnel construction |
| CN114319403A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-12 | 中水华通工程有限公司 | Construction method for quick well formation of quicksand geological formations |
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| CN101736732B (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-12-07 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Pressure and water reduction construction method of ultra-deep foundation pit confined water |
| DE102010005264A1 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-07-21 | Smolka, Peter P., Dr., 48161 | Chiselless drilling system |
| CN102912806B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-01-20 | 中交三航局第二工程有限公司 | A kind of construction method of dewatering well |
| CN103147450A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 成军 | Construction method for plugging partial steel pipe dewatering well by using flange plates for excavation of deep foundation pit |
| CN107476322A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-15 | 魏玉建 | Well-points dewatering automatic servo compensation technique |
| CN207892652U (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-21 | 云南工程建设总承包股份有限公司 | A kind of dewatering device of tunnel rich water section |
| CN109137888A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-04 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | The dewatering construction method of prefabricated concrete pipe pile supporting construction |
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