CN109723027A - A method of it is designed for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than ruler Sr - Google Patents
A method of it is designed for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than ruler Sr Download PDFInfo
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- CN109723027A CN109723027A CN201910046396.6A CN201910046396A CN109723027A CN 109723027 A CN109723027 A CN 109723027A CN 201910046396 A CN201910046396 A CN 201910046396A CN 109723027 A CN109723027 A CN 109723027A
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Abstract
The present invention it is a kind of for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than the method that ruler Sr design, belong to hydraulic engineering field, comprising the following steps: 1) energy dissipater classification；2) flood-discharge atomizing raininess meets Sr=Lr than the conversion of ruler Lr index than ruler Sr and model geometricn, the raininess for calculating separately table hole and mesoporous deep hole compares ruler.The invention has the advantages that: the present invention provides a kind of for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than method that ruler Sr is designed；Flood-discharge atomizing model scale effect and model geometric are proposed than ruler relationship, index n and model geometric are established than the relationship between ruler Lr, it can rationally determine that the raininess of atomizing Model under different flood discharge modes, energy dissipater's figure than ruler Sr, improves flood-discharge atomizing model raininess than ruler precision.
Description
Technical field
Design the present invention relates to raininess in hydraulic model test than ruler, it is specifically a kind of to be used for flood-discharge atomizing model test
Middle raininess belongs to hydraulic engineering field than the method that ruler designs.
Background technique
With the high dam engineering construction of China's large quantities of " high water head, big discharges, high power ", Discharge-caused Atomization problem becomes China
One of key technology difficulty urgently to be solved in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering construction and operation.Discharge-caused Atomization shows as dam downstream part model
It encloses and to form superpower rainfall and spray diffuses phenomenon, the storm rainfall of generation can induce two sides often beyond the extreme value of atmospheric precipitation
Slope and land slide, the safe operation for threatening power station transmission system cause factory road interruption of communication, influence staff and resident
Normal life.Therefore, for high dam engineering, its flood-discharge atomizing rainfall intensity of accurate evaluation has safely extremely guarantee hinge
Important engineering significance.
The method of assessment flood-discharge atomizing rainfall intensity mainly has prototype measurement, physical experiments and numerical simulation calculation.
Prototype measurement is research flood-discharge atomizing problem method the most intuitive and reliable, but it is implementable to build up rear in engineering, can not
Play predicting function, while because it involves a wide range of knowledge, observes heavy workload, thus the integrality of data is poor.Method for numerical simulation
It is influenced by factors such as the fuzzy, parameter uncertainties of flood-discharge atomizing mechanism, especially mist source amount can not accurately give, accurate
Property and reliability are difficult to meet engineering design requirements.Currently, physical model test method is still that research flood-discharge atomizing problem is opposite
Successful method.Flood-discharge atomizing is related to the aerial of overflow and is crushed, aeration, diffusion, collides, entering water and swash multiple physics mistakes such as to splash
Journey, belongs to two-phase flow scope, and flood-discharge atomizing physical model not only needs similar in accordance with gravity but also need to follow surface tension phase
Seemingly.But principal element can only be often caught in flood-discharge atomizing model test, it then follows gravity similarity criterion guarantees the main object of water flow
Reason amount is similar, and ignores some secondary causes, so that flood-discharge atomizing physical model has apparent scale effect, model test is obtained
To raininess be transformed into prototype when do not follow gravity similarity criterion.
Previous research generally believes that flood-discharge atomizing raininess has exponent relation than ruler Sr and geometric proportion ruler Lr: Sr=Lrn, physics
Usually by Sr=Lr in model test1.53That is index n=1.53, as the enveloping outer enclosure controlling value of Discharge-caused Atomization raininess.But according to
According to atomization prototype measurement as a result, the atomization raininess similar scale discreteness of each engineering difference scale model is big, 10-100 can be differed
Again, there are larger differences with actual prototype measurement result for controlling value, and especially when geometric proportion ruler Lr is larger, the variation of n value will
Variation of the raininess than tens times of ruler or even hundred times can be directly resulted in.In order to improve in flood-discharge atomizing model raininess simultaneously than ruler precision
Controlling model experimentation cost needs to propose the new raininess of one kind than the method that ruler Sr is designed.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of raininess than the method that ruler Sr is designed, and is caused with reducing because of model scale effect
Test error, improve flood-discharge atomizing model raininess ruler precision.
For this purpose, above-mentioned purpose of the invention is realized by using following technical scheme:
A method of it is designed for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than ruler Sr, it is described to be tried for flood-discharge atomizing model
Test design method of the middle raininess than ruler Sr successively the following steps are included:
1) energy dissipater classifies；
According to by flood discharge mode, energy dissipater is divided into the hole flood discharge of a table and b mesoporous deep hole to energy dissipater's figure and flood discharging tunnel is let out
Flood；
The hole flood discharge of a table is further divided into two class of a1 table hole flaring gate pier and a2 table hole flip trajectory bucket.
2) inventor is obtained by creative test and analysis: flood-discharge atomizing raininess is than ruler Sr and model geometric than ruler Lr
Index conversion meets Sr=LrnRelationship；
For a1 table hole flaring gate pier:
N=0.5 (1)
Sr=Lr0.5 (2)
For a2 table hole flip trajectory bucket:
N=0.43Lr0.33 (3)
For in b, deep hole and flood discharging tunnel flood discharge:
N=0.04Lr0.82 (5)
The method have the advantages that:
1, the present invention provides a kind of raininess than the method that ruler Sr is designed, and solves flood-discharge atomizing model scale effect and brings
Original, model raininess differs greatly problem.
2, the invention proposes flood-discharge atomizing model scale effects and model geometric than ruler relationship, establishes index n and mould
Relationship between type geometric proportion ruler Lr can rationally determine that the raininess of atomizing Model under different flood discharge modes, energy dissipater's figure compares ruler
Sr improves flood-discharge atomizing model raininess than ruler precision.
Detailed description of the invention
Relation schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is the flaring pier energy dissipation of table hole between index n and Lr；
Relation schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is table hole flip trajectory bucket between index n and Lr；
Fig. 3 be in (depth) hole and relation schematic diagram when flood discharging tunnel flood discharge between index n and Lr.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below in conjunction with attached drawing to the embodiment of the present invention.The present embodiment is using technical solution of the present invention as base
Plinth expansion, it is only used for clearly illustrating technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used as a limitation and limit protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Embodiment one
Certain engineering originally includes: 4 table holes of dam body and 15 deep holes, right bank " Long Luowei " flood discharging tunnel composition, table Kong Caiyong
Lapping quantity energy dissipating.Flood-discharge atomizing model geometric is than ruler Lr=50.
1) according to flood discharge mode, energy dissipater's figure by 4 table Kong Zuowei of dam body " the hole flood discharge of a table ", 5 deep holes and right bank 1
Item " Long Luowei " flood discharging tunnel is as " in b, deep hole and flood discharging tunnel flood discharge "；Wherein 4 table holes are " a2 table hole flip trajectory bucket ".
2) inventor is obtained by creative test and analysis: flood-discharge atomizing raininess is than ruler Sr and model geometric than ruler Lr
Index conversion meets Sr=LrnRelationship；
For a1 table hole flaring gate pier:
N=0.5 (1)
Sr=Lr0.5 (2)
For a2 table hole flip trajectory bucket, index n and model geometric meet formula 3, raininess ratio than ruler Lr when 4 table hole flood discharges
Ruler is calculated by formula 4:
N=0.43Lr0.33 (3)
Calculate to obtain Sr=453
For in b, deep hole and flood discharging tunnel flood discharge, index n and model geometric compare ruler when 5 deep holes and 1 flood discharging tunnel flood discharge
Lr meets formula 5, and raininess is calculated than ruler by formula 6:
N=0.04Lr0.82 (5)
Calculate to obtain Sr=48
Above-mentioned inventor is referred to by creative analysis: Weber number We is inventor introduced, so that flood-discharge atomizing mould
Design raininess is than that can comprehensively consider model geometric than ruler and water currents in type test when ruler Sr.
For a1 table hole flaring gate pier, water surface tension, which can be ignored, to be influenced, and approximation meets gravity similarity criterion:
N=0.5 (7)
Sr=Lr0.5 (8)
Stream chosen for a2 table hole, index n and water flow Weber number We meets formula 9 when 4 table hole flip trajectory buckets, and raininess compares ruler
It is calculated by formula 10:
N=13.537We-0.362 (9)
Calculate to obtain Sr=476
It therefore can be according to public affairs when the engineering is simulated and designed raininess to table hole than ruler Sr in the test of big vast atomizing Model
Formula 3,4 and 9,10 calculated results determine Sr=453~476.
For in b, deep hole and flood discharging tunnel flood discharge, index n and model geometric compare ruler when 5 deep holes and 1 flood discharging tunnel flood discharge
We meets formula 11, and raininess is calculated than ruler by formula 12:
N=103.22We-0.751 (11)
Calculate to obtain Sr=53
Therefore the engineering designs raininess than ruler Sr Shi Kegen in the test of big vast atomizing Model in, when deep hole is simulated
Sr=48~53 are determined according to formula 5,6 and 11,12 calculated results.
Embodiment two
Certain engineering discharge structure is made of 7 overflow surface bays, and table hole is all made of flaring pier energy dissipation work, flood-discharge atomizing model
Geometric proportion ruler Lr=36.
1) 7 table holes of dam body are used as to the hole flood discharge of a table according to by flood discharge mode, energy dissipater's figure, and 7 table holes are a2 table
Hole flaring pier energy dissipation；
2) inventor is obtained by creative test and analysis: flood-discharge atomizing raininess is than ruler Sr and model geometric than ruler Lr
Index conversion meets Sr=LrnRelationship；
Index n and model geometric meet formula 1, raininess than ruler Lr when for 7 table hole flood discharges of a1 table hole flaring pier energy dissipation
It is calculated than ruler by formula 2:
N=0.5 (1)
Sr=Lr0.5 (2)
Calculate to obtain Sr=6
For a2 table hole flip trajectory bucket:
N=0.43Lr0.33 (3)
For in b, deep hole and flood discharging tunnel flood discharge:
N=0.04Lr0.82 (5)
Above-mentioned specific embodiment is used to illustrate the present invention, is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, rather than to this
Invention limited, and within the scope of the invention as claimed, any modification for making to the present invention is equally replaced
It changes, improve, both fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than method that ruler Sr is designed, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(A1) energy dissipater classifies；(A2) flood-discharge atomizing raininess meets Sr=Lr than the conversion of ruler Lr index than ruler Sr and model geometricnRelationship,
Compare ruler using the raininess that formula calculates separately table hole and mesoporous deep hole.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than the method that ruler Sr is designed, it is special
Sign is: the step (A1), energy dissipater's classification, including the following contents:
According to energy dissipater is divided into the hole flood discharge of a table and b by flood discharge mode, energy dissipater's figure, deep hole and flood discharging tunnel flood discharge；
The hole flood discharge of a table is divided into two class of a1 table hole flaring gate pier and a2 table hole flip trajectory bucket.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than the method that ruler Sr is designed, it is special
Sign is: the step (A2), and flood-discharge atomizing raininess meets Sr=Lr than the conversion of ruler Lr index than ruler Sr and model geometricnIt closes
System；, calculating separately the raininess of table hole and mesoporous deep hole than ruler using formula includes the following contents:
For a1 table hole flaring gate pier:
N=0.5 (1)
Sr=Lr0.5 (2)
For a2 table hole flip trajectory bucket:
N=0.43Lr0.33 (3)
For in b, deep hole and flood discharging tunnel flood discharge:
N=0.04Lr0.82 (5)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111025429A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 重庆交通大学 | Device and method for measuring spatial distribution of flood discharge atomization rainfall intensity of hydraulic model |
| CN111207906A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-29 | 天津大学 | Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment |
-
2019
- 2019-01-18 CN CN201910046396.6A patent/CN109723027B/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111025429A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 重庆交通大学 | Device and method for measuring spatial distribution of flood discharge atomization rainfall intensity of hydraulic model |
| CN111207906A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-29 | 天津大学 | Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment |
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| CN109723027B (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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