CN111207906A - Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment - Google Patents
Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111207906A CN111207906A CN202010044439.XA CN202010044439A CN111207906A CN 111207906 A CN111207906 A CN 111207906A CN 202010044439 A CN202010044439 A CN 202010044439A CN 111207906 A CN111207906 A CN 111207906A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- low
- rain
- pressure
- electromagnetic valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous determination method of local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge in a low-pressure environment, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing before testing; 2) measuring the atomization rain intensity under the normal pressure working condition; 3) measuring the atomization rain intensity under the low-pressure working condition; 4) and after the measurement is finished, the low-pressure tank is used for air supply and water drainage. The invention designs the structure of the testing device based on the branch and confluence principle, and optimizes and controls the testing precision and efficiency; the average rain intensity improves the testing precision of the water collecting time length by changing the measuring range of the timer, and the instantaneous rain intensity regulates the testing range and time length by matching and designing a rain gauge, a communicating pipe, a high-level liquid level controller, a low-level liquid level controller and a water pump with the measuring cylinder, so that the principle is clear; the measuring device is integrated and installed in the low-pressure box, the air pressure difference protection is not needed to be considered, the manufacturing cost can be saved, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the safety of the low-pressure box structure is favorably ensured. The invention can provide a foundation for the high-quality and high-efficiency test for exploring the local atomization rain intensity distribution characteristics of multi-working-condition discharge in the low-pressure environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dam engineering hydraulics tests, and particularly relates to a continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under a low-pressure environment.
Background
When the hydropower station leaks, rain fog is generated, and the phenomenon is called leakage atomization. Bleed atomization is a complex two-phase flow of water and gas. Under the time-space cumulative effect of atomized rain with high strength and short duration, low strength and long duration and atomized rain with high strength and long duration, the leakage atomization hazards such as slope instability, plant flooding, traffic road obstruction, power transmission line damage and the like directly threaten the engineering safety. Compared with global prediction protection of atomized rain, the local atomized rain intensity test is carried out in the atomizing near region and the atomizing far region aiming at the typical region, optimization of the engineering drainage structure, optimization of the dispatching working condition, slope safety protection design and local drainage system design which are influenced by atomization can be intuitively and accurately guided, the test cost can be saved, and the test efficiency is improved.
With the acceleration of the overall development process of hydropower energy in China, the number of hydropower stations constructed and operated in high-altitude areas is gradually increased, so that the problem of safety of leakage atomization in a high-altitude low-pressure environment needs to be focused. The leakage flow atomization is generated in the process of spray of scattered spray of the spray tongue, collision spray of the spray tongue and the spray cushion. The current numerical research shows that the impact span of the prototype engineering high-flow velocity nappe can be increased along with the reduction of the environmental air pressure; however, experimental research shows that the impact span of the engineering model low-flow velocity nappe is not affected by the environmental pressure, but the impact pressure is increased along with the reduction of the environmental air pressure; tests in which the liquid drops collide with the liquid film also show that the low-pressure environment can suppress the generation of splash liquid drops. Therefore, the local atomizing rain intensity in the high-altitude low-pressure environment during the flow discharge is not clear relative to whether the local atomizing rain intensity is changed in the standard atmospheric pressure environment or not, and whether the change trend and the magnitude are within the safety limit of the existing engineering safety protection design or not. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a test study of local atomization rain intensity of the leakage flow in a low-pressure environment.
In the leakage flow local atomization rain intensity test, the arrangement position of the confluence plate comprises the position above the water cushion area and the position outside the water cushion area. There are literature reports on the normal pressure test arranged outside the water cushion area, the average atomized rain intensity can be measured by adopting a measuring cylinder flow-collecting weighing, but the method is not suitable for being extended to the low-pressure environment test and cannot obtain the instantaneous characteristics of atomized rain intensity, because a low-pressure box is closed, people cannot enter the low-pressure environment; and the test process is difficult to control, the stable water flow-air pressure test working condition needs debugging, and invalid atomized rain can be converged in the debugging process to cause inaccurate test. The test under the low-pressure environment arranged outside the water cushion area is mentioned in a patent, and a precipitation measuring instrument disclosed in patent document CN208937287U is arranged below the inclined confluence plate drainage tube and is single, so that the requirement of measuring the parameter set of the aeration-atomization characteristic in the patent can be met; but it is not suitable for arranging on the water cushion region, because precipitation measuring apparatu arranges the space and restricts, also can not satisfy many operating modes and let out the regional atomizing rain intensity transient characteristic survey of flow atomizing, because single precipitation measuring apparatu range is limited. When a low-pressure test is carried out, if a test instrument cannot meet the requirement of multi-working-condition continuous measurement, the pump set is frequently opened and closed within a limited time, so that the long-term stable operation of a test system is not facilitated, and a large amount of waste of manpower and material resources can be caused; if the test period is changed in seasons, the test result is interfered by the large change of other environmental factors such as temperature and the like, and the repetition and the analogy of similar working conditions are not facilitated; moreover, the test area under the low-pressure environment is limited, and when the test instrument is applied, whether the instrument is influenced by the low-pressure environment or not and an effective correction method are considered, and the waterproofness and the pressure-bearing property of the instrument are considered; the existing testing method does not solve the problem of continuous determination of multi-working-condition leakage local atomization rain intensity in a low-pressure environment, so a continuous determination method of multi-working-condition leakage local atomization rain intensity in a low-pressure environment needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a continuous determination method of local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge in a low-pressure environment for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: a method for continuously measuring the local atomized rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge in a low-pressure environment adopts a low-pressure box to form discharged atomized rain, and adopts at least one set of local atomized rain intensity continuous measuring device positioned in the low-pressure box and a control system positioned outside the low-pressure box to measure;
a water cushion area and a drainage area are arranged in the low-pressure tank, and a water outlet, a water outlet of the water cushion area, a water pumping port of the drainage area, a water injection port of the water cushion area, an air suction port and an air supplement port are arranged on the low-pressure tank;
each local atomization rain intensity continuous measuring device comprises a water collecting and converging baffle, a rain collecting barrel, a flow dividing barrel and a plurality of measuring barrels; the water collecting and converging baffle is arranged in an atomizing rain area, surrounding baffle edges perpendicular to the water collecting and converging baffle are arranged at the bottom end and the left side and the right side of the water collecting and converging baffle, and a bottom outflow hole is formed in the water collecting and converging baffle;
the rainwater collecting barrel, the flow dividing barrel and the measuring barrel are all arranged in the drainage area and are provided with cover plates;
the bottom plate of the flow distributing cylinder is provided with an overflow cylinder which is coaxial with the flow distributing cylinder and is shorter than the flow distributing cylinder, the bottom plate of the flow distributing cylinder is provided with a plurality of flow distributing holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and are positioned between the overflow cylinder and the flow distributing cylinder, the overflow cylinder is connected with the bottom outflow hole of the water collecting confluence baffle through a flow conveying pipe, and the flow conveying pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve I;
the rainwater collection cylinder is connected with the flow transmission pipe through a bypass pipe, the bypass pipe is arranged at the upstream of the electromagnetic valve I, the bottom of the rainwater collection cylinder is connected with a drainage pipe I, at least one pair of high-level and low-level liquid level controllers I are installed on the side wall of the rainwater collection cylinder, an electromagnetic valve II is arranged on the bypass pipe, and an electromagnetic valve III is arranged on the drainage pipe I;
the measuring cylinder is characterized in that a transverse partition plate is arranged in the measuring cylinder and divides the measuring cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a water leakage hole is formed in the transverse partition plate, rain gauges are supported on the transverse partition plate and are connected with one shunt hole of the shunt cylinder through one shunt pipe, an electromagnetic valve IV is arranged on the shunt pipe, a drain pipe II is connected to the bottom of the measuring cylinder, an electromagnetic valve V and a water suction pump are arranged on the drain pipe II, the electromagnetic valve V is located at the upstream of the water suction pump, a pair of high-level and low-level liquid level controllers II are mounted on the outer wall of the lower cavity of the measuring cylinder, the elevation of the high-level and low-level liquid level controllers II is higher than the water inlet of the drain pipe II, and the lower cavities of all the measuring cylinders are connected through a communicating pipe;
the flow conveying pipe and the bypass outlet pipe are positioned above the water cushion;
the water inlets of the flow conveying pipe, the bypass pipe and the flow dividing pipe are higher than the water outlets;
the high-level and low-level liquid level controllers I, the high-level and low-level liquid level controllers II, the water suction pump, the electromagnetic valves I, the electromagnetic valves II, the electromagnetic valves III, the electromagnetic valves IV and the electromagnetic valves V are all connected with the control system;
the determination method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before testing
1.1) determining the area of an effective rain collecting surface of the water collecting confluence baffle, and calibrating the water collecting amount between a high-level liquid level controller and a low-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller and the low-level liquid level controller on the rain collecting barrel;
1.2) opening the air suction port and the air supplement port of the low-pressure box to enable the low-pressure box to be in a normal-pressure state;
1.3) preparing before rain is even strong during testing, opening the electromagnetic valve II and the electromagnetic valve III, and closing the electromagnetic valve I and the electromagnetic valve V;
1.4) injecting water into the low-pressure tank through a water injection port of the water cushion area to form a water cushion with a set height in the water cushion area;
2) measuring atomized rain intensity under normal pressure working condition
2.1) supplying water to the water discharge opening, adjusting the inflow rate of the water discharge opening to a designed flow rate to form a water tongue, and discharging water through the water pumping opening of the drainage area;
2.2) closing the electromagnetic valve III and measuring the rain amount of the atomized rain time, wherein the method is that the water collection time of the calibrated water collection amount is obtained through a timer of the control system, and the time average rain intensity is further obtained; after the measurement is finished, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve III to be opened;
2.3) determining the number of the electromagnetic valves IV to be opened according to the time average rainfall intensity measured in the step 2.2) and the measuring range of the rain gauge, and opening;
2.4) closing the electromagnetic valve II, opening the electromagnetic valve I, recording the moment of opening the electromagnetic valve I, closing the electromagnetic valve I after a duration set time to be tested, and opening the electromagnetic valve II; obtaining an instantaneous rain intensity sequence within the testing time length through the rain gauge, and dividing the instantaneous rain intensity multiplied by the sum of the corresponding overflowing areas by the area of the effective rain collecting surface to obtain the atomized instantaneous rain intensity of the effective rain collecting surface;
3) measuring the atomized rain intensity under low pressure
3.1) air is extracted through the air extraction opening, air is supplied through the air supply opening, the air pressure value in the low-pressure box 1 is further changed, and the step 2) is repeated to obtain the atomized rain intensity under all set low-pressure values at the same design flow;
3.2) repeating the step 2) after changing the water supply flow of the water discharge opening to obtain the atomization rain intensity under all set flow values of the same design low pressure value;
3.3) exhausting air through the air exhaust port, supplementing air through the air supplement port, and repeating the step 3.2) after changing the air pressure value in the low-pressure box to obtain the atomization rain intensities under all the designed low-pressure values and all the set flow values;
in the measuring process, when the liquid level of the measuring cylinder reaches the set water level of a high-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller II and the low-level liquid level controller II, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve V to be opened and starts the water suction pump to discharge water; when the liquid level of the measuring cylinder reaches the set water level of the low-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller II and the low-level liquid level controller II, the control system controls the water suction pump and the electromagnetic valve V to be closed;
3.4) changing the body type, the number and the arrangement mode of the water discharge openings, and repeating the steps 3.1) -3.3), so as to measure the local atomization rain intensity of the multi-working-condition leakage flow under the low-pressure environment;
4) after the measurement is finished
4.1) stopping supplying water to the water drainage port and stopping pumping water from the water pumping port of the drainage area;
4.2) supplying air into the low-pressure box to normal pressure through the air supply port;
4.3) pass through low atmospheric pressure case water cushion district outlet and drainage zone suction opening will ponding in the low atmospheric pressure case is discharged completely, and the experiment ends.
On the basis of the scheme, the invention is further improved as follows:
the baffle is equipped with the baffle on the baffle that converges catchments, the baffle is followed the whole width extension of baffle that converges catchments will baffle that converges that catchments separates into two parts about, the baffle with baffle and the sealed sliding connection of bottom edge that converges is catchmented to the baffle.
The drainage openings are multiple.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: through the optimal design of confluence-diversion-flow measurement-confluence, the uniform rain intensity and the instantaneous rain intensity in the local area of the discharged atomized rain in the low-pressure environment are continuously measured, and the principle is simple and clear; the method is characterized in that a bypass pipe is arranged on a main flow pipe, a rain collecting barrel capable of being tested continuously is arranged on the bypass pipe based on a quantitative time measurement principle, and the time precision of the average rain intensity of multi-working-condition leakage local atomization under a low-pressure environment can be improved by changing the range of a timer; the rain gauge combination is adopted to carry out the determination of the local atomization instantaneous rain intensity of the multi-working-condition discharge local area atomization in the low-pressure environment, so that the regulation and control of the measuring range are facilitated. The instrument is convenient to purchase, good in stability and low in cost; the installation position, the installation angle and the area size of the effective rain collecting surface can be designed and adjusted according to the test requirements, and the adaptability and the practicability are better; the flow conveying pipeline is designed to be self-flowing, the rain collecting barrel, the flow dividing barrel and the measuring barrel are all provided with cover plates, and the interference of condensed atomized rain in the low-pressure box on an experimental result can be avoided; the measuring cylinder is comprehensively provided with a rain gauge, a communicating pipe, a high-level liquid level controller, a low-level liquid level controller and a water pump which are designed in a matching way for regulation and control, so that the reasonable regulation of the test range is facilitated, and the test time is prolonged. In addition, the testing device is integrated and installed in the low-pressure box, the air pressure difference protection does not need to be considered, the safety of the low-pressure box structure is guaranteed, the manufacturing cost is saved, and the processing difficulty is reduced. The method can be applied to the continuous determination of the local atomized rain intensity of the multi-working-condition leakage flow of different atomization sources in the low-pressure environment, effectively improves the test precision and the test efficiency, and provides a test basis for exploring the local rain intensity distribution characteristics of the leakage flow atomized rain in the low-pressure environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for continuously measuring local atomized rain intensity used in the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the shunt cylinder and the connecting pipeline thereof.
In the figure: 1. a low pressure tank; 2. a water cushion area; 3. a drainage area; 4-1, a water outlet; 4-2, a water outlet of the water cushion area; 4-3, a water pumping port of a drainage area; 4-4, a water filling port of the water cushion area; 5-1, an air extraction opening; 5-2, an air supplement port; 6. a nappy; 7-1, spraying an atomizing rain area; 7-2, spalling and atomizing a rain area; 8. a water collecting confluence baffle; 8-1, a bottom outflow hole; 8-2, effective rain collecting surface; 8-3, a partition board; 8-4, enclosing a flange; 9-1, a rain collecting barrel; 9-2, a shunt cylinder; 9-2.1 parts of an overflow cylinder; 9-3, a measuring cylinder; 9-3.1 of diaphragm plate; 9-3.2 of water leakage holes; 9-4, a cover plate; 10-1, a flow conveying pipe; 10-2, a bypass outlet pipe; 10-3, a drain pipe I; 10-4, shunt tubes; 10-5, a drain pipe II; 10-6, communicating pipes; 11-1, a solenoid valve I; 11-2 and an electromagnetic valve II; 11-3, an electromagnetic valve III; 11-4 of electromagnetic valve IV; 11-5, an electromagnetic valve V; 12-1, a high-level and low-level liquid level controller I; 12-2, a high and low level liquid level controller II; 13. a rain gauge; 14. a water pump.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for continuously measuring the local atomized rain intensity of multiple working conditions under a low pressure environment includes forming the leaked atomized rain by using a low pressure chamber 1, and measuring by using at least one set of local atomized rain intensity continuous measuring device located in the low pressure chamber 1 and the control system located outside the low pressure chamber 1.
The low-pressure tank 1 is internally provided with a water cushion area 2 and a water drainage area 3, and the low-pressure tank 1 is provided with a water drainage port 4-1, a water drainage port 4-2, a water pumping port 4-3, a water injection port 4-4, an air pumping port 5-1 and an air supplementing port 5-2.
Each local atomization rain intensity continuous measuring device comprises a water collecting confluence baffle plate 8, a rain collecting barrel 9-1, a flow dividing barrel 9-2 and a plurality of measuring barrels 9-3.
The water collecting and converging baffle plate 8 is arranged in an atomization rain area which can be a splash atomization rain area 7-1 or a spallation atomization rain area 7-2; the bottom end and the left side and the right side of the water collecting and converging baffle plate 8 are both provided with surrounding baffle edges 8-4 vertical to the water collecting and converging baffle plate 8, the water collecting and converging baffle plate 8 is provided with a bottom outlet hole 8-1 and a baffle plate 8-3, the baffle plate 8-3 extends along the whole width of the water collecting and converging baffle plate 8 to separate the water collecting and converging baffle plate 8 into a left part and a right part, and the baffle plate 8-3 is in sealing sliding connection with the water collecting and converging baffle plate 8 and the bottom surrounding baffle edge and is used for adjusting the size of an effective rain collecting surface 8-2. The rain collecting barrel 9-1, the flow dividing barrel 9-2 and the measuring barrel 9-3 are all arranged in the drainage area 3 and are provided with cover plates 9-4.
The bottom plate of the flow distributing cylinder 9-2 is provided with a water overflowing cylinder 9-2.1 which is coaxial with the flow distributing cylinder 9-2 and is shorter than the flow distributing cylinder 9-2, the bottom plate of the flow distributing cylinder 9-2 is provided with a plurality of flow distributing holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and are positioned between the water overflowing cylinder 9-2.1 and the flow distributing cylinder 9-2, the water overflowing cylinder 9-2.1 is connected with the bottom outlet hole 8-1 of the water collecting confluence baffle plate 8 through a flow conveying pipe 10-1, and the flow conveying pipe 10-1 is provided with an electromagnetic valve I11-1.
The rain collecting barrel 9-1 is connected with the flow conveying pipe 10-1 through a bypass pipe 10-2, the bypass pipe 10-2 is arranged at the upstream of the electromagnetic valve I11-1, the bottom of the rain collecting barrel 9-1 is connected with a drain pipe I10-3, at least one pair of high and low level liquid level controllers I12-1 are installed on the side wall of the rain collecting barrel 9-1, the bypass pipe 10-2 is provided with an electromagnetic valve II 11-2, and the drain pipe I10-3 is provided with an electromagnetic valve III 11-3.
A transverse partition plate 9-3.1 is arranged in the measuring cylinder 9-3, the transverse partition plate 9-3.1 divides the measuring cylinder 9-3 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, a water leakage hole 9-3.2 is arranged on the transverse partition plate 9-3.1, a rain gauge 13 is supported on the transverse partition plate 9-3.1, each rain gauge 13 is connected with a shunt hole of the shunt cylinder 9-2 through a shunt pipe 10-4, an electromagnetic valve IV 11-4 is arranged on the shunt pipe 10-4, a drain pipe II 10-5 is connected with the bottom of the measuring cylinder 9-3, an electromagnetic valve V11-5 and a water suction pump 14 are arranged on the drain pipe II 10-5, the electromagnetic valve V11-5 is positioned at the upstream of the water suction pump 14, and a pair of high parts is arranged on the outer wall of the lower chamber of the measuring cylinder 9-3, And the elevation of the high-level liquid level controller II 12-2 and the elevation of the low-level liquid level controller II 12-2 are higher than that of the water inlet of the water discharge pipe II 10-5, and the lower chambers of all the measuring cylinders 9-3 are connected through a communicating pipe 10-6.
The delivery pipe 10-1 and the bypass pipe 10-2 are located above the water cushion to avoid turbulence.
The water inlets of the flow pipe 10-1, the bypass pipe 10-2 and the shunt pipe 10-4 are higher than the water outlets, so that the self-flow is realized.
The high-level and low-level liquid level controllers I12-1, the high-level and low-level liquid level controllers II 12-2, the water suction pump 14, the electromagnetic valves I11-1, the electromagnetic valves II 11-2, the electromagnetic valves III 11-3, the electromagnetic valves IV 11-4 and the electromagnetic valves V11-5 are all connected with the control system.
And when the liquid level of the rain collecting barrel 9-1 reaches the set water level of the low level controller in the high level controller I12-1 and the low level controller I12-1, starting timing by a timer in the control system, and when the liquid level of the rain collecting barrel 9-1 reaches the set water level of the high level controller in the high level controller I12-1 and the low level controller I12-1, stopping timing by the timer in the control system.
When the liquid level of the measuring cylinder 9-3 reaches the set water level of the high-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller II 12-2 and the set water level of the low-level liquid level controller II 2, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve V11-5 to be opened and starts the water pump 14 to drain water so as to prevent the rain gauge 13 from being flooded; when the liquid level of the measuring cylinder 9-3 reaches the set water level of the low level controller in the high level controller II 12-2, the control system controls the water suction pump 14 and the electromagnetic valve V11-5 to be closed.
The number of the water discharge openings 4-1 can be 1 or more, so that various working conditions can be realized.
The determination method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before testing
1.1) determining the area of an effective rain collecting surface 8-2 of the water collecting confluence baffle 8, and calibrating the water collecting amount between a high-level liquid level controller and a low-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller I12-1 on the rain collecting barrel 9-1;
1.2) opening the air suction port 5-1 and the air supplement port 5-2 of the low-pressure box 1 to enable the low-pressure box 1 to be in a normal pressure state;
1.3) preparing before rain is even strong in the test, opening the electromagnetic valve II 11-2 and the electromagnetic valve III 11-3, and closing the electromagnetic valve I11-1 and the electromagnetic valve V11-5;
1.4) injecting water into the low-pressure tank 1 through a water injection port 4-4 of the water cushion area to form a water cushion with a set height in the water cushion area 2;
2) measuring atomized rain intensity under normal pressure working condition
2.1) supplying water to the water discharge opening 4-1, adjusting the inflow rate of the water discharge opening 4-1 to a designed flow rate to form a water tongue 6, and discharging water through the water pumping opening 4-4 of the drainage area;
2.2) closing the electromagnetic valve III 11-3, and measuring the rainfall of the atomized rain duration, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining the water collection duration of the calibrated water collection amount through a timer of a control system, and further obtaining the time average rainfall intensity; after the measurement is finished, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve III 11-3 to be opened;
2.3) determining the number of the electromagnetic valves IV 11-4 to be opened according to the time average rain intensity measured in the step 2.2) and the measuring range of the rain gauge 12, and opening;
2.4) closing the electromagnetic valve II 11-2, opening the electromagnetic valve I11-1, recording the moment of opening the electromagnetic valve I11-1, closing the electromagnetic valve I11-1 after the duration to be tested is set, and opening the electromagnetic valve II 11-2; obtaining an instantaneous rain intensity sequence within the test duration through the rain gauge 13, and dividing the instantaneous rain intensity multiplied by the sum of corresponding overflowing areas by the area of the effective rain collecting surface 8-2 to obtain the atomized instantaneous rain intensity of the effective rain collecting surface 8-2;
3) measuring the atomized rain intensity under low pressure
3.1) air is extracted through the air extraction opening 5-1, air is supplied through the air supply opening 5-2, the air pressure value in the low-pressure box 1 is further changed, and the step 2) is repeated to obtain the atomization rain intensity under all set low-pressure values at the same design flow;
3.2) repeating the step 2) after changing the water supply flow of the water discharge opening 4-1 to obtain the atomized rain intensity under all set flow values of the same design low pressure value;
and 3.3) exhausting air through the air exhaust port 5-1, supplementing air through the air supplement port 5-2, further changing the air pressure value in the low pressure box 1, and repeating the step 3.2) to obtain the atomized rain intensity of all designed low pressure values under all set flow values.
Obtaining a plurality of groups of atomization rain intensities under the combined working condition of design flow and design air pressure;
in the multi-working-condition continuous measurement process, when the liquid level of the measuring cylinder 9-3 reaches the set water level of the high-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller II 12-2 and the low-level liquid level controller II 2, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve V11-5 to be opened and starts the water pump 14 to drain water so as to prevent the rain gauge 13 from being flooded; when the liquid level of the measuring cylinder 9-3 reaches the set water level of the low level controller in the high level controller II 12-2, the control system controls the water suction pump 14 and the electromagnetic valve V11-5 to be closed;
3.4) changing the body type, the number and the arrangement mode of the water discharge opening 4-1, and repeating the steps 3.1) -3.3), so that the local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition leakage flow under the low-pressure environment can be measured;
4) after the measurement is finished
4.1) stopping supplying water to the water discharge opening 4-1 and stopping pumping water from the water pumping opening 4-3 of the drainage area;
4.2) supplying air into the low-pressure box 1 to normal pressure through the air supply port 5-2;
4.3) draining the accumulated water in the low-pressure box 1 through the water cushion area water outlet 4-2 and the water drainage area water pumping port 4-3 of the low-pressure box 1, and ending the test.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A continuous determination method of multi-working condition discharge local atomization rain intensity under a low-pressure environment is characterized in that a low-pressure box is adopted to form discharge atomization rain, and at least one set of local atomization rain intensity continuous determination device positioned in the low-pressure box and a control system positioned outside the low-pressure box are adopted to perform determination;
a water cushion area and a drainage area are arranged in the low-pressure tank, and a water outlet, a water outlet of the water cushion area, a water pumping port of the drainage area, a water injection port of the water cushion area, an air suction port and an air supplement port are arranged on the low-pressure tank;
each local atomization rain intensity continuous measuring device comprises a water collecting and converging baffle, a rain collecting barrel, a flow dividing barrel and a plurality of measuring barrels; the water collecting and converging baffle is arranged in an atomizing rain area, surrounding baffle edges perpendicular to the water collecting and converging baffle are arranged at the bottom end and the left side and the right side of the water collecting and converging baffle, and a bottom outflow hole is formed in the water collecting and converging baffle;
the rainwater collecting barrel, the flow dividing barrel and the measuring barrel are all arranged in the drainage area and are provided with cover plates;
the bottom plate of the flow distributing cylinder is provided with an overflow cylinder which is coaxial with the flow distributing cylinder and is shorter than the flow distributing cylinder, the bottom plate of the flow distributing cylinder is provided with a plurality of flow distributing holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and are positioned between the overflow cylinder and the flow distributing cylinder, the overflow cylinder is connected with the bottom outflow hole of the water collecting confluence baffle through a flow conveying pipe, and the flow conveying pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve I;
the rainwater collection cylinder is connected with the flow transmission pipe through a bypass pipe, the bypass pipe is arranged at the upstream of the electromagnetic valve I, the bottom of the rainwater collection cylinder is connected with a drainage pipe I, at least one pair of high-level and low-level liquid level controllers I are installed on the side wall of the rainwater collection cylinder, an electromagnetic valve II is arranged on the bypass pipe, and an electromagnetic valve III is arranged on the drainage pipe I;
the measuring cylinder is characterized in that a transverse partition plate is arranged in the measuring cylinder and divides the measuring cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a water leakage hole is formed in the transverse partition plate, rain gauges are supported on the transverse partition plate and are connected with one shunt hole of the shunt cylinder through one shunt pipe, an electromagnetic valve IV is arranged on the shunt pipe, a drain pipe II is connected to the bottom of the measuring cylinder, an electromagnetic valve V and a water suction pump are arranged on the drain pipe II, the electromagnetic valve V is located at the upstream of the water suction pump, a pair of high-level and low-level liquid level controllers II are mounted on the outer wall of the lower cavity of the measuring cylinder, the elevation of the high-level and low-level liquid level controllers II is higher than the water inlet of the drain pipe II, and the lower cavities of all the measuring cylinders are connected through a communicating pipe;
the flow conveying pipe and the bypass outlet pipe are positioned above the water cushion;
the water inlets of the flow conveying pipe, the bypass pipe and the flow dividing pipe are higher than the water outlets;
the high-level and low-level liquid level controllers I, the high-level and low-level liquid level controllers II, the water suction pump, the electromagnetic valves I, the electromagnetic valves II, the electromagnetic valves III, the electromagnetic valves IV and the electromagnetic valves V are all connected with the control system;
the determination method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before testing
1.1) determining the area of an effective rain collecting surface of the water collecting confluence baffle, and calibrating the water collecting amount between a high-level liquid level controller and a low-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller and the low-level liquid level controller on the rain collecting barrel;
1.2) opening the air suction port and the air supplement port of the low-pressure box to enable the low-pressure box to be in a normal-pressure state;
1.3) preparing before rain is even strong during testing, opening the electromagnetic valve II and the electromagnetic valve III, and closing the electromagnetic valve I and the electromagnetic valve V;
1.4) injecting water into the low-pressure tank through a water injection port of the water cushion area to form a water cushion with a set height in the water cushion area;
2) measuring atomized rain intensity under normal pressure working condition
2.1) supplying water to the water discharge opening, adjusting the inflow rate of the water discharge opening to a designed flow rate to form a water tongue, and discharging water through the water pumping opening of the drainage area;
2.2) closing the electromagnetic valve III and measuring the rain amount of the atomized rain time, wherein the method is that the water collection time of the calibrated water collection amount is obtained through a timer of the control system, and the time average rain intensity is further obtained; after the measurement is finished, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve III to be opened;
2.3) determining the number of the electromagnetic valves IV to be opened according to the time average rainfall intensity measured in the step 2.2) and the measuring range of the rain gauge, and opening;
2.4) closing the electromagnetic valve II, opening the electromagnetic valve I, recording the moment of opening the electromagnetic valve I, closing the electromagnetic valve I after a duration set time to be tested, and opening the electromagnetic valve II; obtaining an instantaneous rain intensity sequence within the testing time length through the rain gauge, and dividing the instantaneous rain intensity multiplied by the sum of the corresponding overflowing areas by the area of the effective rain collecting surface to obtain the atomized instantaneous rain intensity of the effective rain collecting surface;
3) measuring the atomized rain intensity under low pressure
3.1) air is extracted through the air extraction opening, air is supplied through the air supply opening, the air pressure value in the low-pressure box 1 is further changed, and the step 2) is repeated to obtain the atomized rain intensity under all set low-pressure values at the same design flow;
3.2) repeating the step 2) after changing the water supply flow of the water discharge opening to obtain the atomization rain intensity under all set flow values of the same design low pressure value;
3.3) exhausting air through the air exhaust port, supplementing air through the air supplement port, and repeating the step 3.2) after changing the air pressure value in the low-pressure box to obtain the atomization rain intensities under all the designed low-pressure values and all the set flow values;
in the measuring process, when the liquid level of the measuring cylinder reaches the set water level of a high-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller II and the low-level liquid level controller II, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve V to be opened and starts the water suction pump to discharge water; when the liquid level of the measuring cylinder reaches the set water level of the low-level liquid level controller in the high-level liquid level controller II and the low-level liquid level controller II, the control system controls the water suction pump and the electromagnetic valve V to be closed;
3.4) changing the body type, the number and the arrangement mode of the water discharge openings, and repeating the steps 3.1) -3.3), so as to measure the local atomization rain intensity of the multi-working-condition leakage flow under the low-pressure environment;
4) after the measurement is finished
4.1) stopping supplying water to the water drainage port and stopping pumping water from the water pumping port of the drainage area;
4.2) supplying air into the low-pressure box to normal pressure through the air supply port;
4.3) pass through low atmospheric pressure case water cushion district outlet and drainage zone suction opening will ponding in the low atmospheric pressure case is discharged completely, and the experiment ends.
2. The method for continuously measuring the local atomizing rain intensity under the low-pressure environment through the multi-working-condition discharge under the multi-working-condition discharge according to claim 1, wherein a partition plate is arranged on the water collecting and converging baffle plate, the partition plate extends along the whole width of the water collecting and converging baffle plate to divide the water collecting and converging baffle plate into a left part and a right part, and the partition plate is connected with the water collecting and converging baffle plate and a bottom end surrounding baffle edge in a sealing and sliding mode.
3. The method for continuously measuring the local atomizing rain intensity under the multi-working-condition discharge in the low-pressure environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of water discharge openings are provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010044439.XA CN111207906B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010044439.XA CN111207906B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111207906A true CN111207906A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
| CN111207906B CN111207906B (en) | 2020-12-29 |
Family
ID=70784410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010044439.XA Active CN111207906B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111207906B (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0943095A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Simple fast landing-on-water test device |
| JPH1164273A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-03-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Apparatus for testing diffusion of fluid |
| CN102841390A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Method for measuring intensity of atomization rainfall formed by flood discharge in hydropower engineering |
| CN105549127A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-05-04 | 河海大学 | Atomization rainfall intensity measurement apparatus for hydraulic model, and measurement method |
| CN109141816A (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2019-01-04 | 天津大学 | Become air pressure dam work aerial drainage impact zone aeration-atomizing characteristics parameter set and surveys test method |
| CN109141817A (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2019-01-04 | 天津大学 | High aititude dam work high speed water-air two phase flow development test method |
| CN109143415A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of flood-discharge atomizing rainfall Stereometric device and method |
| CN109633791A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-04-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A method of measuring and calculating flood-discharge atomizing rainfall |
| CN109723027A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-07 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A method of it is designed for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than ruler Sr |
-
2020
- 2020-01-15 CN CN202010044439.XA patent/CN111207906B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0943095A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Simple fast landing-on-water test device |
| JPH1164273A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-03-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Apparatus for testing diffusion of fluid |
| CN102841390A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Method for measuring intensity of atomization rainfall formed by flood discharge in hydropower engineering |
| CN105549127A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-05-04 | 河海大学 | Atomization rainfall intensity measurement apparatus for hydraulic model, and measurement method |
| CN109141816A (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2019-01-04 | 天津大学 | Become air pressure dam work aerial drainage impact zone aeration-atomizing characteristics parameter set and surveys test method |
| CN109141817A (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2019-01-04 | 天津大学 | High aititude dam work high speed water-air two phase flow development test method |
| CN109143415A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of flood-discharge atomizing rainfall Stereometric device and method |
| CN109723027A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-07 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A method of it is designed for raininess in flood-discharge atomizing model test than ruler Sr |
| CN109633791A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-04-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A method of measuring and calculating flood-discharge atomizing rainfall |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| LIAN JIJIAN 等: "An Improved Empirical Model for Flood Discharge Atomization and Its Application to Optimize the Flip Bucket of the Nazixia Project", 《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH》 * |
| 姚克烨 等: "泄洪雾化模型试验研究", 《四川水利》 * |
| 练继建 等: "低气压环境中的挑流水舌动水压强实验研究", 《水力发电学报》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111207906B (en) | 2020-12-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105679167B (en) | A kind of novel mud-rock flow material resource dam break experimental trough device and its implementation | |
| CN104819824B (en) | Self inhaling injection stream flow behavior integrated testing apparatus system under water | |
| CN102608288B (en) | Experimental device for roughness and erosion quantity of slope surface and using method of experimental device | |
| CN109141816B (en) | Variable-air-pressure dam work discharge impact area aeration-atomization characteristic parameter set testing and verifying method | |
| CN106404314B (en) | Liquid medium leak detector | |
| CN111207906B (en) | Continuous determination method for local atomization rain intensity of multi-working-condition discharge flow under low-pressure environment | |
| CN103822759A (en) | Airplane waterproof sealing test detection apparatus | |
| CN211061151U (en) | Continuous measuring device for multi-working-condition discharge local atomization rain intensity in low-pressure environment | |
| CN107677585A (en) | The device for determining permeation coefficient and measuring method of a kind of seepy material | |
| CN201096766Y (en) | Shunt device for observing 9 holes in soil erosion ground flow cell | |
| CN219434343U (en) | Cooling tower nozzle sprays water distribution effect detection device | |
| CN209525345U (en) | A kind of undisturbed soil impact resilience measurement device | |
| CN108547250B (en) | Layered water taking, load throwing and increasing experiment system and method for simulating stoplog door of hydropower station | |
| CN108169419A (en) | It is a kind of to test device and the experimental method that water seal cave depot reinjected water influences cave depot | |
| CN107290186A (en) | A kind of intelligent porosity levels part flow arrangement | |
| CN205475652U (en) | Liu jing is abandoned to rainwater with over -and -under type rubber lamella check valve that dams | |
| CN206177538U (en) | Large -scale isolation butterfly valve inspection rack of million multikilowatts nuclear power station unit condensate pump entry | |
| CN215888541U (en) | Distribution of rain and sewage pump station | |
| CN104503492B (en) | Water level regulating device of sealed water tank | |
| CN208073683U (en) | The salt fog test system of engine room cover for wind power generating set | |
| CN217821905U (en) | Test platform for simulating urban surface overflow and pipe network drainage | |
| CN209673687U (en) | A kind of freeze thawing machine | |
| CN106228889B (en) | Experimental technique based on the routed water experiment porch of mine earth's surface raceway groove flowing water | |
| CN217442817U (en) | Testing arrangement of siphon drain pipe | |
| CN109060297B (en) | Method for testing surge model of dam work leakage flow impact area in variable air pressure environment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Liu Dan Inventor after: Practice, follow-up and construction Inventor after: Liu Dongming Inventor after: Liu Fang Inventor after: Ma Bin Inventor after: Yao Ye Inventor after: Li Peiyao Inventor after: Yan Dongyi Inventor before: Liu Dan Inventor before: Practice, follow-up and construction Inventor before: Liu Dongming Inventor before: Liu Fang Inventor before: Ma Bin |
|
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |