CN1097185A - Make the method for compound manure - Google Patents
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- CN1097185A CN1097185A CN 94102234 CN94102234A CN1097185A CN 1097185 A CN1097185 A CN 1097185A CN 94102234 CN94102234 CN 94102234 CN 94102234 A CN94102234 A CN 94102234A CN 1097185 A CN1097185 A CN 1097185A
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- meticulous
- gradation
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Abstract
Preparation has the method for the granulated fertilizer product that contains N and P and/or K of better performance; wherein (a) fertilizer that meticulous gradation is contained N and/or P and/or K contacts with water and makes wet mixture; (b) this wet mixture is granulated into fertiliser granulates; randomly, (c) further handle above-mentioned fertiliser granulates and obtain described granulated fertilizer product.Stage, (a) comprising: (i) will be divided into two parts at least by meticulous gradation fertilizer material, first part constitute whole raw material about 10% to about 5% weight, (ii) first part contacts the slurry that obtains containing 5% to 30% weight water with water, and (iii) slurry contacts with the remainder of raw material and obtains the wet mixture that water-content is about 1% to 5% weight.
Description
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of preparation contains N and P and/or K granulated fertilizer product, wherein:
(a) fertilizer material that meticulous gradation is contained N and/or P and/or K contacts with water, make a kind of wet mixture and
(b) this wet mixture is granulated into granulated fertilizer and randomly,
(c) further handle above-mentioned fertiliser granulates and obtain described granulated fertilizer product.
Containing NPK(N=nitrogen, P=phosphorus, K=potassium) nitrate in, have several chemical reactions to take place.These chemical reactions should be finished in manufacturing processed, to avoid proceeding chemical reaction.These afterreactions of proceeding cause many undesirable phenomenons, and as reducing shatter strength, check surface increases caking tendency, produces dust when the efflorescence on salt surface causes handling, and low wearing and tearing etc.
Reaction between ammonium nitrate and Repone K causes generating saltpetre and ammonium chloride.
Can restrain reaction between ammonium nitrate and the Repone K with nonactive Repone K in principle, but consider that non-reacted Repone K is difficult to obtain, so this method is not attractive.Also available slurry with suitable low water content is checked reaction.But in fact so strict condition can cause this method to become highstrung method.
Another method commonly used of finishing reaction between ammonium nitrate and the commercial Repone K be to use excessive ammonium nitrate or excessive Repone K so that in Repone K or the ammonium nitrate one can transform fully.For example also can realize changing fully with the reaction times that increases initial component by an independent mixing tank premix ammonium nitrate and a Repone K before pelletizer.These class methods are not useable for the excessive situation of Repone K mole number, no longer can granulation because mixture is too sticking.
Use pulverizing Repone K or use the Repone K of preheating can realize conversion fully.But these methods need high power consumption, thereby cause corresponding high production cost.
Usually requirement is changed ammonium sulfate fully to prevent to continue afterreaction.Form two salt such as 2NH
4NO
3 *(NH
4)
2SO
4, 3NH
4NO
3 *-(NH
4)
2SO
4Cause particle caking and degraded.Can promote to react completely by pulverizing ammonium sulfate.Another kind of possibility approach adopts anhydrous soup compound when being operation.Handling and the thoroughness of the moisture accelerated reaction that lay up period adsorbs.So the two salt that form have bigger solubleness in water, also have moving iron easily to saltout from particle.This causes high caking tendency.
Under situation, can generate vitriolate of tartar by following equation with ammonium sulfate and Repone K.
The vitriolate of tartar that is generated contains unreacted hardly, and generates a series of sosoloid (NH
4, K)
2SO
4Under the ammonium sulfate and Repone K situation broken with fine powder, this is reflected in the storage process and finishes.When two kinds of components are bigger crystal, carry out but do not have enough water accelerated reactions if be reflected at plane of crystal, then instead would not further carry out.
The two salt of ammonium also form a series of sosoloid 2(NH
4, K) NO
3 *(NH
4, K)
2SO
4This series of solid solutions is dissolved in the water than initially component is easier.Because higher solubility, exist movably ion to quicken further reaction.When this compounds was present in the compound manure, they caused the serious quality problems relevant with high anti-caking.
Available and the above-mentioned similar methods of reaction between ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate or saltpetre is handled.
Phosphoric acid salt stone converts the form of phosphorus in nitric acid phosphoric acid salt method, and this is useful to plant.When nitric acid and the reaction of phosphoric acid salt stone, this phenomenon takes place, this moment, phosphorus disengaged with the form of phosphoric acid.The mixture of the acid that is produced in follow-up step is neutralized to desirable degree with ammonium.The nitrocalcite that generates in these methods can be removed by making it crystallize into four water-calcium nitrate, but its shortcoming is expensive crystallization treatment step and a large amount of by products are arranged.Calcium also can precipitate with acid (as phosphoric acid) in many ammonia reactors, and the shortcoming of this method is the ammonium that for example needs many reactors and need storage acid, this means high investment and complex operations.
Making in the method for compound manure with the steam granulation, solid raw material is pulverized and is mixed, and then is granulation phase, wherein adds steam or water.In these methods, granulation is to granulation condition moisture content for example, and temperature etc. are responsive, and the physicals of the finished product is relatively poor.When manufacturing contained the nitrate product, ammonium nitrate and Repone K successive reaction long period, the result produced very strong crystallization bridge between particle, illustrated that they have strong caking tendency.
During granulation, in TVA ammonium pelletizer, ammonia or ammoniated solution and sulfuric acid or phosphatase reaction are made a kind of slurry in pelletizer.The shortcoming of this method is to need supply liquid raw material such as acid and ammonia.
Mechanically mixing fertilizer or whole blend fertilizer allow relative their initial component contents to produce with various ratios.But as long as used fertilizer material is not only approaching but also quite similar by fine granulation and particle size distribution in the preparation of whole blend fertilizer, whole blend only is a kind of opinion of practicality.Be difficult to make with practical approach with conventional granulation apparatus such as rotary drum or rotating disk or cylinder plunger and have the very urea of narrow dimension scope, ammonium sulfate, Repone K, ammonium phosphate, the particle of the two ammoniums of phosphoric acid.These factor affecting are to the physical properties of blend fertilizer, and when blend components was Granular Urea, granular ammonium phosphate, fine and close Repone K and macrocrystalline ammonium sulfate, different particle size distribution also caused non-uniform Distribution pattern in the district especially.
In debulking methods, different starting material are by the compactor charging, and the starting material particle is by the pressure compacting.Because high wearing and tearing, product property is ungood, and this high wearing and tearing cause forming dust in product treatment.
Have been found that now having the compound manure of simplifying the physicals that process program becomes reconciled can obtain by improved manufacture method.The present invention relates to prepare the method for the granulated fertilizer product that contains N and P and/or K, wherein
(a) fertilizer material that meticulous gradation is contained N and/or P and/or K contact with water make a kind of wet mixture and
(b) this wet mixture is granulated into fertiliser granulates and randomly
(c) further handle above-mentioned fertiliser granulates and obtain described particulate state fertilizer product,
Its substance is characterised in that contact procedure:
(a) comprise following secondary step:
(i) will be divided at least two parts by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation, first part constitute whole by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation about 10% to about 50% weight,
(ⅱ) first part of the fertilizer material of described meticulous gradation contacts with water and/or steam, obtains the slurry that water content is 5% to 30% weight; And
(ⅲ) described slurry obtains the wet mixture that water-content is about 1% to 5% weight with being contacted by the remainder of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation.
Therefore, the above-mentioned shortcoming that can understand the prior art method can be with a kind of new, preparation contains the method for the granulated fertilizer of N and P and/or P and/or K and avoids, wherein, be divided into two parts by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation to the major general, wherein first part constitute whole by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation about 10% to about 50% weight, described first part is contacted the water slurry that obtains containing 5% to 30% weight water by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation with water, said water slurry obtains the wet mixture that a kind of water-content is about 1% to 5% weight with being contacted by the remainder of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation.
Described wet mixture is granulated into fertiliser granulates then, randomly, further handles fertiliser granulates and obtains said granulated fertilizer product.
Can use solid-state merchant to sell fertilizer material among the present invention.Fertilizer material by meticulous gradation and is preferably pulverized.Containing the NK of nitrate and/or NP and/or NPK fertilizer is favourable as the first part of meticulous gradation fertilizer material of the present invention.Described first part promptly contacts the part that obtains water slurry with water also can be ammoniated non-nitrate type NP and/or NPK fertilizer.According to a preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, NK or NP or NPK fertilizer comprise ammonium sulfate, Repone K, the two ammoniums of mono phosphoric acid ester ammonium and phosphoric acid.
Under the situation of the urea of nitrogenous phosphorus potassium, the remainder of meticulous gradation fertilizer material comprises that urea also is preferred.
In the method according to the invention, be divided at least two parts by meticulous gradation fertilizer material, first part constitutes whole by about 10% to 50% weight of meticulous gradation fertilizer material.Described then first part is contacted the water soup compound that obtains containing 5% to 30% weight water with water by the fine grained fertilizer material.In this step, contacted well at 50 to 150 ℃ with water by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation, preferably in the other dissolution vessel that is equipped with well heater and agitator, carry out.According to a specific embodiments of the present invention, describedly in two secondary steps, contacted with water by the first part of meticulous gradation fertilizer material, these two secondary steps are preferably carried out in other container.In this stage, because the low reaction potential energy of made slurry, foregoing chemical reaction reduces.The major part of ammonium nitrate is reacted in slurry, no longer further reacts in storage with during handling fertilizer.
After slurry formed, it obtained moist mixture with being contacted by the remainder of meticulous gradation fertilizer material, and this mixture water-content is about 1% to 5% weight.It then is the granulation step of moist mixture.Slurry is imported as in rotary drum, cylinder plunger or the similar Fitz chilsonator.In same Fitz chilsonator, carry out water slurry with by the remainder of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation contact and the said granulation stage is favourable.According to a specific embodiments of the present invention, granulation step is carried out in temperature is 50 to 100 ℃ Fitz chilsonator, makes by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation and condenses into particle.Available typical d among the present invention
50The starting material of the slight crushing of value scope from 50 to 800 μ m carry out granulation.
The laggard row of granulation step is further handled, to obtain granulated fertilizer product of the present invention.Further processing can comprise that drying step to reduce the fertiliser granulates moisture, preferably reduces to moisture about 0.2% to 0.5% weight.Can comprise also that in addition cooling step is to drop to the temperature of fertiliser granulates about 30 to 55 ℃.Preferably, further processing also can comprise classification step, for example granulated fertilizer is sieved.Classification step is isolated and is fit to commercial size range from 1 to 10mm, and preferred size range is 2 to 5mm product.Particularly preferably be the not enough fertiliser granulates of size to be turned back to described water slurry again and in this case by the step that contacts between the remainder of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation.Classification step also can comprise the fertiliser granulates of the oversized dimensions that is crushed to low particle size is turned back to described contact procedure.
In the illustrated embodiment the present invention is further specified below.These embodiment just are used for explanation rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the NPK fertilizer that contains nitrate
NP30-10 and the 100kg/t diammonium phosphate of 225kg/t are transported in the reactor that mixing tank is housed with the belt feeder continuously.The temperature of reaction vessel remains on 120 ℃, and moisture content is adjusted to about 10%.
The liquid mixture of viscosity is not about 60-75 ℃ round shape plunger Fitz chilsonator by temperature slightly.Other starting material, as the ammonium sulfate 236kg/t of crushed (to about 750 μ m), Repone K 255kg/t, the mono phosphoric acid ester ammonium 163kg/t of crushing and the same successive of filler 14kg/t are conducted in the Fitz chilsonator.
It is about 0.4% to moisture content that temperature out is the about 60 ℃ particle drying that is generated, and sieves the part less than 2mm, the product section of 2-5mm and greater than the part of 5mm, and a back part is crushed again.Turn back to Fitz chilsonator as the solids recirculation material less than 2mm part and crushed part.
Even store the product particle (N-P that store the back in several weeks
2O
5-K
2O 15-15-15) do not demonstrate the tendency of caking.The shatter strength of products obtained therefrom is about 35N.
Make the said products as raw material with following step with NK.Supply with the NK(N-K of 253kg/t continuously with belt conveyor
2O24-13) and mono phosphoric acid ester ammonium 290kg/t to the mixing vessel that mixing tank is housed.Make the temperature of reaction vessel remain on 74 ℃ and moisture content about 9% with the adding steam.
The heavy-gravity slurry leads in the about 68 ℃ rotary drum shape Fitz chilsonator of temperature a little.Crushed ammonium sulfate 290kg/t and Repone K 197kg/t are supplied to this Fitz chilsonator equally continuously.
The particle drying that is generated to moisture content to about 0.4% with sieve out part less than 2mm, the product section of 2-5mm, reach the part greater than 5mm, a back part is crushed again, turns back in the Fitz chilsonator as the solids recirculation material less than the part of 2mm and the part of crushing.
Even through 8 weeks storing the product particle (N-P that store the back
2O
5-K
2O 15-15-15) do not demonstrate caking tendency.Bring moisture in the product slightly into and do not increase caking tendency.The about 60N of particulate shatter strength.
Embodiment 2: the NPK fertilizer that does not contain nitrate
Diammonium phosphate 200kg/t and mono phosphoric acid ester ammonium 133kg/t are supplied in the mixing vessel that is equipped with mixing tank continuously.Supply with starting material continuously with belt conveyor.Temperature in the reaction vessel remains on 100 ℃, and moisture content is adjusted to about 12.5%.
Adhesive slightly liquid mixture is about 50-60 ℃ drum type Fitz chilsonator by temperature.Comprise crushing mono phosphoric acid ester ammonium 79kg/t, and the rest part of the ammonium sulfate 489kg/t of crushing (about 750 μ m) and filler 99kg/t too successive be supplied to Fitz chilsonator.
Temperature out is that the about 60 ℃ particle drying that is generated to moisture content is about 0.3% and sieve out part less than 2mm, the product section of 2-5mm and greater than the part of 5mm, and a back part is crushed again.Part and crushed part less than 2mm turn back in the Fitz chilsonator as the solids recirculation material.
Even after storing several weeks, the product particle (N-P that is stored
2O
5-K
2O 16-20-0) do not show the tendency of luming.Gained particulate ultimate compression strength is about 30N.
Another does not contain Nitrates material (N-P
2O
5-K
2O 16-16-8) preparation through the following steps.Supply with the two ammonium 350kg/t of phosphoric acid continuously to the mixing vessel that is equipped with mixing tank with belt conveyor.And making temperature keep 57 ℃ with steam, moisture content is adjusted to about 18.5%.
Adhesive slightly slurry is about 50 ℃ drum type Fitz chilsonator by temperature.The ammonium sulfate 494kg/t of Repone K 137kg/t and crushing slightly also is supplied to this Fitz chilsonator continuously equally.
Formed particle drying is to about 0.5 to 0.8% part of sieving out less than 2mm of moisture content, the product section of 2-5mm and greater than the part of 5mm, and a back part is crushed.Part and crushed part less than 2mm turn back in the pelletizer, as the solids recirculation material.
Even store the product particle (N-P that is stored after several weeks
2O
5-K
2O 16-16-8) do not show caking tendency.Shatter strength is about 45N.
Embodiment 3: urea-containing NPK fertilizer
Supply with diammonium phosphate 150kg/t and mono phosphoric acid ester ammonium 258kg/t to the mixing vessel that is equipped with mixing tank with the belt conveyor successive.The temperature of reaction vessel remains on 98 ℃ and moisture content and is adjusted to about 15%.
It is in 50-60 ℃ the cydariform Fitz chilsonator that adhesive slightly liquid mixture leads to temperature.Urea 55kg/t, crushed ammonium sulfate 106kg/t, vitriolate of tartar 404kg/t and the same successive of sal epsom 20kg/t are supplied to this Fitz chilsonator.
Temperature out is that the about 50 ℃ particle drying that is generated to moisture content is about 0.3% and sieve out part less than 2mm, the product section of 2-5mm and greater than the part of 5mm, and a back part is crushed.Part and crushed part less than 2mm turn back in the Fitz chilsonator as the solids recirculation material.
Even store the product particle of being stored after several weeks and do not show caking tendency.Gained particulate shatter strength is about 38N.
Embodiment 4: with containing the NPK fertilizer of the nitrate of NPK as raw material
Supplying with diammonium phosphate 200kg/t and NPK(26-7-4 continuously with belt conveyor) 275kg/t is to a mixing vessel that is equipped with mixing tank.125 ℃ of temperature maintenances and moisture content keep about 12% in the reaction vessel.
Lead in the Fitz chilsonator of temperature for about 60-65 ℃ round shape plunger with the viscous liquid mixture slightly.The ammonium sulfate 275kg/t of crushing, Repone K 215kg/t and filler 40kg/t also supply with this Fitz chilsonator continuously equally.
The particle drying that is generated to moisture content is about 0.3% and sieves out part less than 2mm, the product section of 2-5mm and greater than the part of 5mm, and the aftermentioned part is crushed.Part and crushed part less than 2mm turn back in the Fitz chilsonator as the solids recirculation material.
Even after storage several weeks, the product particle (N-P that is stored
2O
5-K
2O 16-11-14) do not show caking tendency.Gained particulate shatter strength is about 50N.
Claims (15)
1, a kind of preparation contains the method for the granulated fertilizer product of N and P and/or K, wherein
(a) fertilizer material that meticulous gradation is contained N and/or P and/or K contact with water make wet mixture and
(b) this wet mixture is granulated into fertiliser granulates and randomly
(c) further handle above-mentioned fertiliser granulates and obtain described particulate state fertilizer product,
It is characterized in that contact procedure (a) comprises following secondary step:
(i) will be divided at least two parts by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation, first part constitute whole by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation about 10% to about 50% weight,
(ii) describedly contacted the slurry that obtains moisture 5% to 30% weight with water and/or steam by the first part of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation,
(iii) described slurry obtains the wet mixture that water-content is about 1% to 5% weight with being contacted by the remainder of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation.
2,, it is characterized in that by the first part of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation be NK and/or NP and/or the NPK fertilizer that contains nitrate according to the method for claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that said is the fertilizer of ammoniated non-nitrate type NP and/or NPK by the first part of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation according to the method for claim 1 or 1 and 2.
4,, it is characterized in that being comprised ammonium sulfate by the remainder of the NK of meticulous gradation or NP or NPK fertilizer material, Repone K, mono phosphoric acid ester ammonium and diammonium phosphate according to the method for claim 1,2 or 3.
5,, it is characterized in that being comprised urea by the remainder of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation according to the method for claim 1,3 or 4.
6, according to the method for each claim of front, it is characterized in that describedly in secondary step (ⅱ), being contacted with water for 50 to 150 ℃, preferably in the other dissolution vessel of well heater and agitator is housed, carry out in temperature by the first part of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation.
7, according to the method for each claim of front, it is characterized in that describedly in secondary step (ⅱ), being divided two stages to contact with water by the first part of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation, preferably in other container, carry out.
8,, it is characterized in that granulation step (b) is to carry out, and makes by the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation and condenses into particle in the Fitz chilsonator of from 50 to 100 ℃ of temperature according to the method for each claim of front.
9,, it is characterized in that granulation step (c) finishes with the secondary step (ⅲ) that is contacted by the remainder of the fertilizer material of meticulous gradation with slurry in same Fitz chilsonator according to the method for each claim of front.
10,, it is characterized in that step (c) comprises that drying step is to reduce in the granulated fertilizer moisture content to about 0.2 to 0.5% weight according to the method for each claim of front.
11,, it is characterized in that step (c) comprises that cooling step is to reduce the granulated fertilizer temperature to about 30 to 55 ℃ according to the method for each claim of front.
12, according to the method for each claim of front, it is characterized in that step (c) comprises classification step, the size range that obtains is from 1 to 10mm, preferably be recovered from 2 to 5mm product.
13,, it is characterized in that classification step comprises that undersized fertiliser granulates is recycled to said Contact Pair step (ⅲ) according to the method for claim 11.
14,, it is characterized in that the oversized dimensions fertiliser granulates that is crushed to smaller particle size is recycled to described secondary step (ⅲ) according to the method for claim 11 or 12.
15, use the fertilizer of the method preparation of each claim of front.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TH019482 | 1993-07-08 | ||
| TH019482 | 1993-07-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1097185A true CN1097185A (en) | 1995-01-11 |
| CN1075045C CN1075045C (en) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=21617895
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94102234A Expired - Fee Related CN1075045C (en) | 1993-07-08 | 1994-03-07 | A process for manufacturing compound fertilizers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1075045C (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1012167B (en) * | 1987-10-24 | 1991-03-27 | 沈阳复合肥料技术开发公司 | Prepn. of urea potassium phosphate |
| CN1056298A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1991-11-20 | 辽河化肥厂 | A kind of manufacturing process of urine-base boron fertilizer |
-
1994
- 1994-03-07 CN CN94102234A patent/CN1075045C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1075045C (en) | 2001-11-21 |
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