CN109718446B

CN109718446B - Respiratory circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases

Info

Publication number: CN109718446B
Application number: CN201910141806.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛庆峰; 牛金柱
Original assignee: 985th Hospital Of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force
Current assignee: 985th Hospital Of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force
Priority date: 2019-02-26
Filing date: 2019-02-26
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-26
Also published as: CN109718446A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a respiratory loop for diseases transmitted by respiratory tract. The trachea cannula comprises a conversion joint, wherein a cannula extends integrally from the conversion joint opposite to the machine end of the trachea cannula, an isolation sleeve is sleeved in the mouth of the cannula, the bottom of the isolation sleeve is provided with a cross-shaped groove through which a sputum suction tube can penetrate, the number of the cross-shaped grooves is at least three, the lower end face of the lower outer edge formed by outwards extending the top of the isolation sleeve is matched with the end face of the mouth of the cannula in a stop manner, the mouth of the cannula is provided with a sealing ring in limit fit with the lower outer edge of the isolation sleeve, and the sealing ring is provided with a sealing cover in sealing fit with the mouth of the sealing ring; and a blocking plate is arranged below the isolation sleeve. The invention can protect medical staff, effectively control the spread of diseases such as bacteria, viruses and the like, has a convenient and practical structure, and protects the body health of patients and the air environment of medical staff.

Description

Respiratory circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a respiratory loop for diseases transmitted by respiratory tract.

Background

In the use of the existing medical apparatus, a breathing loop is important medical equipment in the process of general anesthesia mechanical ventilation and critical patient breathing support, is connected with a tracheal catheter, and has irreplaceable functions of supplying oxygen for patients, performing gas exchange required by physiology, breathing support, keeping the respiratory tract unobstructed and the like; during the process of respiratory support, sputum and other secretions can be produced in respiratory tracts, and if excessive secretions are not discharged in time, symptoms such as atelectasis, lung infection, oxygen saturation reduction and the like can be caused to a patient; generally, medical staff needs to pull out the adapter 2, insert the machine end of the trachea cannula 1 by adopting a sputum suction tube and then insert the sputum suction tube into the respiratory tract of a patient, and discharge secretions from the respiratory tract of the patient; especially for general anesthesia mechanical ventilation patients, the sputum excretion capability is completely unavailable, and the sputum suction tube is required to be used for eliminating the secretion. However, in the process of sputum suction operation, the sputum suction tube can contact with the tracheal mucosa of a patient, so that protective reflex of an airway is induced, and secretion is ejected out along with gas and aerosol exhaled by the patient and easily splashed to the face of medical staff, so that health hazards to the medical staff are possibly caused; if the patient is suffering from respiratory tract transmitted diseases, the exhaled gas, aerosol and secretion not only pollute the environment, but also present challenges to the sense control in hospitals, and further cause great threats to medical staff.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a respiratory circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases, which aims to reduce or avoid the threat of secretion of a patient to medical staff.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the medical protection type breathing circuit comprises a conversion joint, wherein an intubation extends integrally from the conversion joint opposite to the machine end of the tracheal intubation, an isolation sleeve is inserted into the mouth of the intubation, the bottom of the isolation sleeve is provided with a cross-shaped slot capable of penetrating a sputum suction tube, at least three fork parts of the cross-shaped slot are provided, the top of the isolation sleeve extends outwards to form a lower outer edge lower end face which is matched with the end face of the mouth of the intubation in a stop manner, the mouth of the intubation is provided with a sealing ring in limit fit with the lower outer edge of the isolation sleeve, and the sealing ring is provided with a sealing cover in sealing fit with the opening of the sealing ring;

the intubation tube positioned at the bottom of the isolation sleeve is of a two-section structure, an annular notch is formed in the outer edge of the upper end of the lower intubation tube in the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the lower end of the upper intubation tube is matched with the annular notch in a sleeved mode, the upper end face of the lower intubation tube supports an annular sheet with the notch, a convex portion is arranged on the inner wall of the upper intubation tube above the annular sheet in an inward protruding mode in the circumferential direction, the inner side wall formed by the convex portion and the circle center of the upper intubation tube are located on the same straight line, the lower end face formed by the convex portion is matched with the upper end face of the annular sheet in a pressing mode, the inner side of one end of the annular sheet opposite to the notch extends inwards to form a blocking plate, the upper end face of the blocking plate is matched with the opening of the lower end face formed by the convex portion in a blocking mode, the blocking.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the bottom of the isolation sleeve is provided with crossed edge parts, the fork parts of the crossed groove seams are respectively and correspondingly positioned on the edge parts, and the junction of the adjacent edge parts is upwards concavely arranged along the central line of the adjacent edge parts to form two pressure-bearing inclined planes.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, a stopping sleeve is inserted into the isolating sleeve, the bottom of the stopping sleeve is of an inverted frustum structure, a penetrating hole capable of penetrating the sputum suction tube is formed in the middle of the inverted frustum structure, the distance between the inverted frustum structure and the bottom of the isolating sleeve can prevent the rear edge part and the pressure-bearing inclined plane of the sputum suction tube from being drawn away from the bottom to the top from being turned inwards into the isolating sleeve, and the upper outer edge lower end face formed by extending the top of the stopping sleeve outwards is matched with the upper end face of the lower outer edge of the isolating sleeve in a stopping manner.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the middle part of the blocking plate is embedded with a sealing gasket which is in sealing fit with the lower end face opening part formed by the convex part.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the blocking plate is provided with at least one lower magnetic point, and the lower end surface formed by the convex part is correspondingly embedded with an upper magnetic point attracted with the lower magnetic point.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the machine end of the adapter is integrally formed or detachably sleeved with an artificial nose.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, an oxygen inhalation connector is arranged on the outer side of the machine end of the artificial nose.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the oxygen inhalation connecting port from the outside to the inside is a conical tube with the diameter gradually increased, a plurality of annular platforms which are in plug fit with the oxygen tube are integrally formed on the conical tube, a space is reserved between every two adjacent annular platforms, and the outer diameter of the annular platform from the outside to the inside is gradually increased.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, a carbon dioxide interface is arranged at the outer side of the machine end of the artificial nose.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the inner circle of the sealing ring is in clearance fit with the sputum suction tube, and a plug body in interference fit with the inner circle of the sealing ring is arranged in the sealing cover.

According to the respiratory loop for the respiratory tract transmitted diseases, when secretion in the respiratory tract of a patient needs to be removed, medical staff do not need to pull out the adapter and directly open the sealing cover, and the secretion of the patient is sprayed out and cannot splash to the face of the medical staff; when inhaling the phlegm pipe and inserting and arranging isolated sleeve in, the fork part of slot is separately, when inhaling the phlegm pipe and passing the slot and carry out the secretion and get rid of, owing to inhale and have isolated sleeve between phlegm pipe and the intubate, interference fit between isolated sleeve and the phlegm pipe, patient's secretion can't be sprayed out through inhaling the phlegm passageway when inhaling the phlegm operation, can not splash to positions such as medical staff's face, has protected medical staff and has also protected the air circumstance in medical field, has also played certain effect to cross infection's prevention and control in the hospital. The isolation sleeve and the blocking plate provide double protection for medical staff, can protect the medical staff, effectively control the spread of diseases such as bacteria, viruses and the like, have a convenient and practical structure, and protect the body health of patients and the air environment of medical staff.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional breathing circuit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a respiratory circuit for respiratory tract-borne diseases according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the cannula.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the isolation sleeve.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the insulating sleeve.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the stop sleeve.

Fig. 7 is a schematic connection diagram of the ring plate, the blocking plate and the sealing gasket.

In the figure: 1-trachea cannula, 2-adapter, 3-cannula, 3-1-lower-segment cannula, 3-2-upper-segment cannula, 3-2-1-convex part, 4-isolation sleeve, 5-slot, 6-sealing cover, 7-artificial nose, 8-sealing ring, 9-annular gap, 10-oxygen inhalation interface, 11-carbon dioxide interface, 12-annular table, 13-disposable breathing loop, 14-edge part, 15-pressure bearing inclined plane, 16-stop sleeve, 17-penetrating hole, 18-ring sheet, 19-blocking plate, 20-sealing pad, 21-lower magnetic point and 22-blocking body.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The respiratory circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases comprises a conversion joint 2, an intubation tube 3 extends integrally from the conversion joint 2 opposite to the machine end of a tracheal intubation 1, an isolation sleeve 4 is inserted into the tube orifice of the intubation tube 3, the bottom of the isolation sleeve 4 is provided with a cross-shaped slot 5 through which a sputum suction tube can penetrate, the number of the cross-shaped slot 5 is at least three, the lower end surface of the lower outer edge formed by outwards extending the top of the isolation sleeve 4 is matched with the end surface of the tube orifice of the intubation tube 3 in a stop manner, the tube orifice of the intubation tube 3 is provided with a sealing ring 8 in limit fit with the lower outer edge of the isolation sleeve 4, and the sealing ring 8 is provided with a sealing cover 6 in sealing fit with the ring orifice of; the intubation tube 3 at the bottom of the isolation sleeve 4 is of a two-section structure, the outer edge of the upper end of the lower intubation tube 3-1 is provided with an annular gap 9 along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the lower end of the upper intubation tube 3-2 is matched with the annular gap 9 in a sleeved mode, the upper end face of the lower intubation tube 3-1 is supported with an annular sheet 18 with a gap, the inner wall of the upper intubation tube 3-2 above the annular sheet 18 is provided with a convex part 3-2-1 in a protruding mode along the circumferential direction, the inner side wall formed by the convex part 3-2-1 and the circle center of the upper intubation tube 3-2 are located on the same straight line, the lower end face formed by the convex part 3-2-1 is matched with the upper end face of the annular sheet 18 in a pressing mode, the inner side of one end of the annular sheet 18 opposite to the gap extends inwards to form a blocking plate 19, the upper end face of the blocking plate 19 is matched with the blocking part of, the blocking plate 19 is restored to block the lower end face opening formed by the convex part 3-2-1 after the sputum suction tube is drawn away. When the sputum suction device is used specifically, the sealing cover 6 is opened, the sputum suction tube further pushes the blocking plate 19 open through the groove 5 of the isolation sleeve 4 (or through the penetrating hole 17 and then through the groove 5), and at the moment, the isolation sleeve 4 and the blocking plate 19 provide double protection for medical staff, and secretion of a patient is sprayed out and cannot splash to the face of the medical staff; when medical staff takes away the sputum suction tube, the bottom of the sputum suction tube firstly withdraws from the blocking plate 19, the secretion sprayed at the moment can be isolated below the isolation sleeve 4 even if passing through the blockage plate 19 which is recovering to the original state, and then the blocking plate 19 is blocked with the lower end face formed by the convex part 3-2-1, the secretion sprayed at the moment is isolated below the blocking plate 19, the bottom of the sputum suction tube further withdraws from the isolation sleeve 4, the groove 5 is recovered to the initial closed state, and the sealing cover 6 is buckled on the sealing ring 8. In the present invention, therefore, the connection between the blocking plate 19 and the ring piece 18 is made of a resilient material, in particular a plastic material. The insulating sleeve 4 is preferably made of a flexible material (e.g. a rubber material). The cross-shaped slits 5 may have three fork portions, four fork portions as shown in fig. 4, or a larger number of cross-shaped portions. In order to enable the sealing between the sealing cover 6 and the sealing ring 8 to be tight, the sealing cover 6 and the sealing ring 8 are preferably made of silicone materials. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the sealing ring 8 has an annular stepped structure inside.

In order to improve the isolation performance of isolation sleeve 4, with patient's larynx internal environment with external isolated, the bottom of isolation sleeve 4 remains and is the forked arris portion 14, what the forked gap 5's of crossing fork portion corresponds respectively is located arris portion 14 on, and the junction of adjacent arris portion 14 is upwards sunken to be established along the central line of adjacent arris portion 14 and is formed two pressure-bearing inclined planes 15. The patient is at the respiratory in-process, and the respiratory track can produce secretion such as sputum, and the secretion can be ejected along with the gas and the aerosol of patient's exhalation, and the power that the secretion sprays to form can be used in pressure-bearing inclined plane 15, and pressure-bearing inclined plane 15 produces the power towards slot 5 for slot 5 butt joint on the arris portion 14 is inseparabler, and the effectual secretion of avoiding passes through slot 5 and gets into isolated sleeve 4 top space.

During specific implementation, the plug bush has end a sleeve 16 in isolated sleeve 4, and the bottom of ending sleeve 16 is radius platform structure, and it has the wearing hole 17 that can wear to put and inhale the phlegm pipe to open at radius platform structure middle part, and interval between radius platform structure and the bottom of isolated sleeve 4 can avoid from supreme down taking away inhales behind the phlegm pipe arris portion 14 and pressure-bearing inclined plane 15 enstrophe to isolated sleeve 4 in, end the cooperation of ending with isolated sleeve 4's lower outer fringe up end of the last outer fringe up end of the outside extension formation in top of sleeve 16. Specifically, the stop sleeve 16 may be made of a hard material or a flexible material. The stop sleeve 16 is preferably made of a flexible material (e.g., rubber material), and the through hole 17 is in interference fit with the sputum suction tube.

In order to make the blocking plate 19 and the lower end face opening part formed by the convex part 3-2-1 be matched in a more closed mode, a sealing gasket 20 which is matched with the lower end face opening part formed by the convex part 3-2-1 in a sealing mode is embedded in the middle of the blocking plate 19.

In order to enable the blocking plate 19 to be completely restored to the initial state after being jacked open and drawn away, at least one lower magnetic point 21 is arranged on the blocking plate 19, and an upper magnetic point which is attracted with the lower magnetic point 21 is correspondingly embedded on the lower end surface formed by the convex part 3-2-1. The magnetic dots are made of magnetic materials.

In specific implementation, the machine end of the adapter 2 is integrally formed (as shown in fig. 2) or detachably sleeved with an artificial nose 7 (as shown in fig. 3). When the critical patient is relieved, the disposable breathing circuit 13 is directly pulled out to observe the condition of the patient in order to test that the patient can be separated from a breathing machine or an anesthesia machine to realize autonomous breathing. The artificial nose 7 can collect and retain heat and water vapor in the exhaled air, and the air is brought into the air passage in a warm and humid state through the artificial nose 7 during inhalation, so that the air passage is ensured to be effectively and properly humidified, meanwhile, the artificial nose has a good filtering effect on microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses, and the danger that pipelines and breathing machines or anesthesia machines are polluted by harmful microorganisms can be reduced. In specific implementation, when the artificial nose 7 is of a detachable sleeve structure and a patient cannot be separated from a breathing machine or an anesthesia machine, the artificial nose 7 is detached, and the machine end of the adapter 2 is in inserted fit with the disposable breathing loop 13; after the patient's state of illness is relieved, the disposable breathing circuit 13 is pulled out, and the artificial nose 7 is inserted.

Preferably, an oxygen inhalation connector 10 is provided on the outer side of the machine end of the artificial nose 7. When the critical patient is relieved and can be separated from a breathing machine or an anesthesia machine to realize autonomous breathing, the oxygen pipe can be sleeved on the oxygen inhalation connector 10. Of course, the oxygen inhalation connector 10 does not interfere with the three-way connector of the disposable breathing circuit 13 so that the artificial nose 7 and the disposable breathing circuit 13 can be used normally. When the oxygen inhalation device is used, the oxygen inhalation connector 10 is sleeved with a cover which is in interference fit with the oxygen inhalation connector 10, and after a patient can breathe independently, the cover is pulled out, and an oxygen pipe is sleeved on the oxygen inhalation connector 10. The cap portion can be made of elastic materials such as rubber or silica gel, and the like, so that the cap portion can be conveniently and tightly matched with the oxygen inhalation connector 10.

More preferably, the oxygen inhalation connecting port 10 from the outside to the inside is a tapered tube with gradually increasing tube diameter, a plurality of annular platforms 12 in plug fit with the oxygen tube are integrally formed on the tapered tube, a space exists between the adjacent annular platforms 12, and the outer diameter of the annular platform 12 from the outside to the inside gradually increases. Therefore, the oxygen pipes with different calibers can be sleeved on at least one annular table 12 until being tightly sleeved, so that the oxygen pipes can be sleeved with the oxygen inhalation connector 10 more tightly. Therefore, the whole-course bidirectional protection from the off-line to the deoxidation to the complete spontaneous breathing process of the patient is realized, and the patient and the environment of medical staff and hospital workplaces are protected.

Further, a carbon dioxide interface 11 is arranged on the outer side of the machine end of the artificial nose 7. The gas sample is convenient to extract for monitoring carbon dioxide. When the carbon dioxide monitoring device is used specifically, the carbon dioxide interface 11 is sleeved with a cover body in interference fit with the carbon dioxide interface 11, and when the carbon dioxide is required to be monitored, the cover body is pulled out. The cover body can be made of elastic materials such as rubber or silica gel, and the cover body is convenient to be tightly matched with the carbon dioxide interface 11.

Specifically, the inner circle of the sealing ring 8 is in clearance fit with the sputum suction tube, and a plug body 22 in interference fit with the inner circle of the sealing ring 8 is arranged in the sealing cover 6. This further avoids the influence of secretions in the patient's respiratory tract on the air environment of the medical site.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. Respiratory circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases, which comprises a conversion joint (2) and is characterized in that the conversion joint (2) opposite to the machine end of a tracheal cannula (1) integrally extends to form a cannula (3), an isolation sleeve (4) is inserted and sleeved in a tube orifice of the cannula (3), the bottom of the isolation sleeve (4) is provided with a cross-shaped slot (5) through which a sputum suction tube can penetrate, at least three fork parts of the cross-shaped slot (5) are provided, the lower end face of the lower outer edge formed by outward extension of the top of the isolation sleeve (4) is in stop fit with the end face of the tube orifice of the cannula (3), the tube orifice of the cannula (3) is provided with a sealing ring (8) in limit fit with the lower outer edge of the isolation sleeve (4), and the sealing cover (6) in sealing fit with the ring opening of the sealing ring (8) is arranged on;

the inserting pipe (3) positioned at the bottom of the isolating sleeve (4) is of a two-section structure, an annular notch (9) is formed in the outer edge of the upper end of the lower inserting pipe (3-1) along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the lower end of the upper inserting pipe (3-2) is matched with the annular notch (9) in a sleeved mode, a ring piece (18) with a notch is supported on the upper end face of the lower inserting pipe (3-1), a convex part (3-2-1) is arranged on the inner wall of the upper inserting pipe (3-2) above the ring piece (18) in a protruding mode along the circumferential direction, the inner side wall formed by the convex part (3-2-1) and the circle center of the upper inserting pipe (3-2) are located on the same straight line, the lower end face formed by the convex part (3-2-1) is matched with the upper end face of the ring piece (18) in a pressing mode, the inner, the upper end surface of the blocking plate (19) is blocked and matched with the lower end surface opening part formed by the convex part (3-2-1), the blocking plate (19) can be poked open by a penetrated sputum suction pipe, and the blocking plate (19) is restored to be blocked with the lower end surface opening part formed by the convex part (3-2-1) after the sputum suction pipe is pulled away;

crossed ridge parts (14) are reserved at the bottom of the isolation sleeve (4), the fork parts of the crossed grooves (5) are respectively and correspondingly positioned on the ridge parts (14), and the junction of the adjacent ridge parts (14) is upwards recessed along the central line of the adjacent ridge parts (14) to form two pressure-bearing inclined planes (15);

the plug bush has end position sleeve (16) in isolated sleeve (4), and the bottom of ending position sleeve (16) is radius platform structure, and radius platform structure middle part is opened has can wear to put and inhale wearing hole (17) of phlegm pipe, and interval between the bottom of radius platform structure and isolated sleeve (4) can avoid from supreme down taking away inhales behind the phlegm pipe arris portion (14) and pressure-bearing inclined plane (15) enstrophe to isolated sleeve (4) in, the top of ending position sleeve (16) is terminal surface and isolated sleeve (4) lower outer fringe up end stop the position cooperation under the last outer fringe that forms of extending outward.

2. Breathing circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the central part of the blocking plate (19) is embedded with a sealing gasket (20) which is in sealing fit with the lower end mouth formed by the convex part (3-2-1).

3. Breathing circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases according to claim 2, wherein the blocking plate (19) is provided with at least one lower magnetic point (21), and the lower end face formed by the convex part (3-2-1) is correspondingly embedded with an upper magnetic point which is engaged with the lower magnetic point (21).

4. Breathing circuit for the transmission of diseases of the respiratory tract according to claim 1, characterised in that the machine end of the adapter (2) is integrally formed or removably sleeved with an artificial nose (7).

5. The respiratory circuit according to claim 4, wherein the artificial nose (7) has an oxygen inhalation connector (10) on the outside of the machine end.

6. The breathing circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases according to claim 5, wherein the oxygen inhalation connecting port (10) from outside to inside is a tapered tube with gradually increasing tube diameter, a plurality of annular platforms (12) which are matched with the oxygen tube in an inserting way are integrally formed on the tapered tube, a distance exists between the adjacent annular platforms (12), and the outer diameter of the annular platform (12) from outside to inside is gradually increased.

7. Breathing circuit for respiratory tract transmitted diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that the machine end of the artificial nose (7) is provided with a carbon dioxide interface (11) on the outside.

8. The breathing circuit for the diseases transmitted by the respiratory tract according to the claim 1, characterized in that the inner circle of the sealing ring (8) is in clearance fit with the sputum suction tube, and the plug body (22) which is in interference fit with the inner circle of the sealing ring (8) is arranged in the sealing cover (6).