CN109713896B - High-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic and its control method - Google Patents

High-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic and its control method Download PDF

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CN109713896B
CN109713896B CN201910010387.1A CN201910010387A CN109713896B CN 109713896 B CN109713896 B CN 109713896B CN 201910010387 A CN201910010387 A CN 201910010387A CN 109713896 B CN109713896 B CN 109713896B
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boost
diode
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winding
capacitor
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CN109713896A (en
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李飞
季素云
耿宁
杨静
刘林
岳增伟
崔川
梁珊珊
孙竟成
姚雨
张阳
徐天赐
于洋
宋嵘
高鹏
薛启成
朱锋
王洪信
刘兴华
乔恒
孙立新
韩旭
王世儒
孙鹏
王磊磊
边宏超
孙燕
燕鹏
李先进
阎炳水
李天�
邵泽霖
葛鹏
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Zibo Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器，包括耦合电感网络、输入滤波电感Lin、箝位升压电路和功率开关管S，输入滤波电感Lin输入侧连接输入电源Vin，输出侧连接箝位升压电路，耦合电感网络的输入侧连接箝位升压电路的升压电容C1，输出端连接功率开关管S的漏极和箝位升压电路，功率开关管S的栅极连接控制信号电压Vgs，功率开关管S的源极与输入电源Vin的负极相连，箝位升压电路的输出端就是boost变换器的输出端，负载连接在boost变换器的输出端。利用本变换器占空比的微小变化，就会引起增益的大幅增加或者降低，耦合电感匝比越小，电压增益越高。

Figure 201910010387

The invention discloses a high-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic, comprising a coupled inductor network, an input filter inductor L in , a clamping boost circuit and a power switch S, the input side of the input filter inductor L in is connected to an input power supply V in , the output side is connected to the clamp boost circuit, the input side of the coupled inductor network is connected to the boost capacitor C 1 of the clamp boost circuit, the output end is connected to the drain of the power switch S and the clamp boost circuit, the power switch S The gate is connected to the control signal voltage V gs , the source of the power switch S is connected to the negative of the input power supply V in , the output of the clamp boost circuit is the output of the boost converter, and the load is connected to the output of the boost converter end. The small change of the duty cycle of the converter will cause a substantial increase or decrease of the gain. The smaller the turns ratio of the coupled inductor, the higher the voltage gain.

Figure 201910010387

Description

具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器及其控制方法High-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic and its control method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器及其控制方法，属于电力电子变换器技术领域。The invention relates to a high-gain boost converter with inverse proportional square characteristic and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of power electronic converters.

背景技术Background technique

近年来，满足局部范围电能供应的直流微网系统受到越来越多的关注，特别的，可再生能源领域的光伏发电、风力发电等系统作为直流电源，更加成为研究的热点。这些电源系统存在着共性的缺点，即输出电压偏低，通过逆变后难以输出工频交流电，这就需要升压直流变换器实现电压的提升。常见的升压技术包括耦合电感、开关电容等，采用耦合电感实现电压提升的变换器，一般输出电压随着耦合电感匝比的增加而增加，同时，占空比的变化无法实现增益的大幅增加。但是，过高的匝比会带来一些问题：漏感、寄生电容等参数会增加，容易引起电压和电流尖峰，这严重降低了系统的性能。In recent years, DC micro-grid systems that meet local power supply have received more and more attention. In particular, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and other systems in the field of renewable energy, as DC power sources, have become more research hotspots. These power systems have a common disadvantage, that is, the output voltage is low, and it is difficult to output power frequency alternating current after inversion, which requires a boost DC converter to increase the voltage. Common boost technologies include coupled inductors, switched capacitors, etc. For converters that use coupled inductors to boost voltage, generally the output voltage increases with the increase in the turns ratio of the coupled inductors. At the same time, the change in duty cycle cannot achieve a substantial increase in gain. . However, an excessively high turns ratio will bring some problems: parameters such as leakage inductance and parasitic capacitance will increase, and it is easy to cause voltage and current spikes, which seriously degrades the performance of the system.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器及其控制方法，占空比的微小变化，就会引起增益的大幅增加或者降低，耦合电感匝比越小，电压增益越高。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-gain boost converter with an inverse square characteristic and a control method thereof. A small change in the duty cycle will cause a substantial increase or decrease in the gain, and the smaller the turns ratio of the coupled inductor, The higher the voltage gain.

为了解决所述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器，包括耦合电感网络、输入滤波电感Lin、箝位升压电路和功率开关管S，输入滤波电感Lin输入侧连接输入电源Vin，输出侧连接箝位升压电路，耦合电感网络的输入侧连接箝位升压电路的升压电容C1，输出端连接功率开关管S的漏极和箝位升压电路，功率开关管S的栅极连接控制信号电压Vgs，功率开关管S的源极与输入电源Vin的负极相连，箝位升压电路的输出端就是boost变换器的输出端，负载连接在boost变换器的输出端。In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a high-gain boost converter with an inverse square characteristic, comprising a coupled inductor network, an input filter inductor L in , a clamping boost circuit and a power switch tube S, Input filter inductor L in The input side is connected to the input power supply V in , the output side is connected to the clamp boost circuit, the input side of the coupled inductor network is connected to the boost capacitor C 1 of the clamp boost circuit, and the output end is connected to the drain of the power switch S The gate of the power switch S is connected to the control signal voltage V gs , the source of the power switch S is connected to the negative pole of the input power supply V in , and the output of the clamp boost circuit is the boost converter The output terminal of the load is connected to the output terminal of the boost converter.

进一步的，所述耦合电感网络包括耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1，箝位升压电路包括第一升压二级管D1、第二升压二极管D2、第三升压二极管D4、第一箝位二极管Dc、输出二极管Do、第一升压电容C1、第二升压电容C2、第一箝位电容Cc、输出电容Co；输入滤波电感Lin、第二升压二极管D2、第一箝位二极管Dc和第一箝位电容Cc串联成支路1，第一升压电容C1、耦合电感第一绕组N2、第二升压电容C2和输出二极管Do串联成支路2，支路1与支路2并联后输入端与输入电源Vin的正极相连，输出端通过输出电容Co与输入电源Vin的负极相连；输入滤波电感Lin与第二升压二极管D2正极之间的结点称为结点1，第二升压二极管D2负极与第一箝位二极管Dc正极之间的结点称为结点2，第一箝位二极管Dc负极与第一箝位电容Cc之间的结点称为结点3，第一升压电容C1与耦合电感第一绕组N2之间的结点称为结点4，耦合电感第一绕组N2与第二升压电容C2之间的结点称为结点5，第二升压电容C2和输出二极管Do正极之间的结点称为结点6，第一升压二极管连接在结点1与结点4之间，其正极连接结点1，负极连接结点4，耦合电感第二绕组N1连接在结点2和结点5之间，并且功率开关管S的漏极连接至结点2，第三升压二极管D4连接在结点3和结点6之间，其正极连接结点3，负极连接结点6。Further, the coupled inductor network includes a coupled inductor first winding N 2 , a coupled inductor second winding N 1 , and the clamp boost circuit includes a first boost diode D 1 , a second boost diode D 2 , a second boost diode D 2 , and a second boost diode D 2 . Three boost diodes D 4 , a first clamp diode D c , an output diode D o , a first boost capacitor C 1 , a second boost capacitor C 2 , a first clamp capacitor C c , and an output capacitor C o ; input The filter inductor L in , the second boost diode D 2 , the first clamp diode D c and the first clamp capacitor C c are connected in series to form a branch 1 , the first boost capacitor C 1 , the coupled inductor first winding N 2 , The second boost capacitor C 2 and the output diode D o are connected in series to form a branch circuit 2. After the branch circuit 1 and the branch circuit 2 are connected in parallel, the input terminal is connected to the positive pole of the input power supply V in , and the output terminal is connected to the input power supply V in through the output capacitor C o . The junction between the input filter inductor L in and the anode of the second boost diode D 2 is called node 1, and the junction between the cathode of the second boost diode D 2 and the anode of the first clamping diode D c The point is called node 2, the node between the cathode of the first clamping diode D c and the first clamping capacitor C c is called node 3, and the connection between the first boost capacitor C 1 and the first winding N 2 of the coupling inductor is The node between them is called node 4, the node between the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 is called node 5, and the connection between the second boost capacitor C 2 and the positive pole of the output diode D o The node between is called node 6, the first boost diode is connected between node 1 and node 4, its positive pole is connected to node 1, its negative pole is connected to node 4, and the second winding N1 of the coupled inductor is connected to the node. Between node 2 and node 5, and the drain of the power switch S is connected to node 2, the third boost diode D4 is connected between node 3 and node 6, its positive pole is connected to node 3, and its negative pole is connected to node 3. Connect node 6.

进一步的，负载R并联在输出电容Co两端。Further, the load R is connected in parallel with both ends of the output capacitor C o .

进一步的，所述功率开关管S为MOS管。Further, the power switch tube S is a MOS tube.

本发明还公开了一种上述高增益boost变换器的控制方法，具体包括以下步骤：S01)、控制boost变换器处于开关模态1，对应时刻为[t0,t1]，实现方法为：t0时刻开通功率开关管S，D1、Dc、Do反向偏置，D2、D4正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流和耦合电感第二绕组电流

Figure BDA0001936143010000021
iN1上升，第二升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000022
上升，第三升压二极管电流
Figure BDA00019361430100000212
上升，功率开关管电流iS上升，输出电容Co为负载供电；S02)、控制boost变换器处于开关模态2，对应时刻为[t1,t2]，实现方法为：t1时刻，功率开关管S关断，开关模态1结束，开关模态2开始，D2、D4反向偏置，D1、Dx、Do正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流和耦合电感第二绕组电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000023
iN1下降；第一箝位二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000024
下降，输出二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000025
上升，第一升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000026
下降，输入电源Vin、输入滤波电感Lin、耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1和第二升压电容C2共同转移能量到输出电容Co和负载R；S03)、控制boost变换器处于开关模态3，对应时刻为[t2,t3]，实现方法为：t2时刻，第一箝位二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000027
下降至零，开关模态2结束，开关模态3开始，功率开关管S保持关断，D2、Dc、D4反向偏置，D1、Do正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000028
输出二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000029
和第一升压二极管电流
Figure BDA00019361430100000210
下降，同时，输入电源Vin、输入滤波电感Lin、耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1和第二升压电容C2共同转移能量到输出电容Co和负载R；S04)、导通功率开关管S，新的开关周期开始，boost变换器继续执行从开关模态1至开关模态3的工作过程。The invention also discloses a control method for the above-mentioned high-gain boost converter, which specifically includes the following steps: S01), controlling the boost converter to be in switching mode 1, and the corresponding time is [t 0 , t 1 ], and the implementation method is: At time t0 , the power switch S is turned on, D 1 , D c , and D o are reverse biased, D 2 and D 4 are forward biased, the leakage inductance current of the first winding of the coupled inductor and the current of the second winding of the coupled inductor
Figure BDA0001936143010000021
i N1 rises, the second boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000022
rise, the third boost diode current
Figure BDA00019361430100000212
rise, the power switch tube current i S rises, and the output capacitor C o supplies power for the load; S02), control the boost converter to be in switching mode 2, and the corresponding time is [t 1 , t 2 ], and the implementation method is: at time t 1 , The power switch tube S is turned off, the switching mode 1 ends, the switching mode 2 starts, D 2 , D 4 are reverse biased, D 1 , D x , and D o are forward biased, and the leakage inductance current of the first winding of the coupled inductor and coupled inductor second winding current
Figure BDA0001936143010000023
i N1 drops; first clamp diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000024
falling, the output diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000025
rise, the first boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000026
drop, the input power V in , the input filter inductor L in , the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 transfer energy together to the output capacitor C o and the load R; S03) , control the boost converter to be in switching mode 3, the corresponding time is [t 2 , t 3 ], the realization method is: at time t 2 , the first clamping diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000027
drops to zero, switching mode 2 ends, switching mode 3 begins, the power switch S remains off, D 2 , D c , D 4 are reverse biased, D 1 , D o are forward biased, and the coupled inductor is the first One winding leakage inductance current
Figure BDA0001936143010000028
Output diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000029
and the first boost diode current
Figure BDA00019361430100000210
drop, at the same time, the input power V in , the input filter inductor L in , the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 transfer energy to the output capacitor C o and the load R together; S04), turn on the power switch S, a new switching cycle begins, and the boost converter continues to perform the work process from switching mode 1 to switching mode 3.

进一步的，高增益boost变换器的增益M为：

Figure BDA00019361430100000211
其中D为功率开关管的导通占空比，N＝N2/N1为耦合电感第一绕组与耦合电感第二绕组的匝数比。Further, the gain M of the high-gain boost converter is:
Figure BDA00019361430100000211
D is the on-duty ratio of the power switch tube, and N=N 2 /N 1 is the turns ratio between the first winding of the coupled inductor and the second winding of the coupled inductor.

本发明的有益效果：本发明所述boost变换器增益高，占空比的微小变换就能引起增益的大幅增加或者降低，具有反比平方特性，耦合电感匝比越小，电压增益越高，有效的降低了耦合电感漏感和寄生电容对变换器性能的影响，功率开关管电压应力低。Beneficial effects of the present invention: the boost converter of the present invention has high gain, and a small change of duty cycle can cause a substantial increase or decrease of the gain, and has an inverse square characteristic. The influence of the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor and the parasitic capacitance on the performance of the converter is reduced, and the voltage stress of the power switch tube is low.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器的电路原理图；Fig. 1 is the circuit schematic diagram of the high gain boost converter with inverse proportional square characteristic;

图2为具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器的模态图；Fig. 2 is the modal diagram of the high gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic;

图3(a)为具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器开关模态1的等效电路图；Fig. 3 (a) is the equivalent circuit diagram of high gain boost converter switching mode 1 with inverse square characteristic;

图3(b)为具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器开关模态2的等效电路图；Figure 3(b) is an equivalent circuit diagram of a high-gain boost converter switching mode 2 with an inverse square characteristic;

图3(c)为具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器开关模态3的等效电路图；Fig. 3 (c) is the equivalent circuit diagram of high-gain boost converter switching mode 3 with inverse square characteristic;

图4为耦合电感匝比和占空比对所提的升压变换器增益的影响。Figure 4 shows the effect of coupled inductor turns ratio and duty cycle on the boost converter gain.

图5为当输入电压Vin＝38V，电压增益M为13，耦合电感匝比为1.8，输出功率为500W的Pspice仿真波形。Fig. 5 is when the input voltage V in =38V, the voltage gain M is 13, the coupling inductor turns ratio is 1.8, and the output power is 500W Pspice simulation waveform.

图中标号说明：Vin为直流电压源，S为功率开关管，耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1；第一升压二极管D1、第二升压二极管D2、第三升压二极管D4、第一箝位二极管Dc、输出二极管Do、第一升压电容C1、第二升压电容C2、第一箝位电容Cc、输出电容Co，R为负载，LM为磁化电感，Lk为耦合电感漏感。Description of the symbols in the figure: V in is the DC voltage source, S is the power switch tube, the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor; the first boost diode D 1 , the second boost diode D 2 , The third boost diode D 4 , the first clamp diode D c , the output diode D o , the first boost capacitor C 1 , the second boost capacitor C 2 , the first clamp capacitor C c , the output capacitor C o , R is the load, L M is the magnetizing inductance, and L k is the coupled inductance leakage inductance.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

实施例1Example 1

本实施例公开一种具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器，如图1所示，包括包括耦合电感网络、输入滤波电感Lin、箝位升压电路和功率开关管S，耦合电感网络包括耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1，箝位升压电路包括第一升压二级管D1、第二升压二极管D2、第三升压二极管D4、第一箝位二极管Dc、输出二极管Do、第一升压电容C1、第二升压电容C2、第一箝位电容Cc、输出电容Co。This embodiment discloses a high-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic. As shown in FIG. 1 , it includes a coupled inductor network, an input filter inductor L in , a clamp boost circuit and a power switch S. The coupled inductor network includes The first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor, the clamp boost circuit includes a first boost diode D 1 , a second boost diode D 2 , a third boost diode D 4 , a first boost diode D 1 , a Clamp diode D c , output diode Do , first boost capacitor C 1 , second boost capacitor C 2 , first clamp capacitor C c , output capacitor C o .

输入滤波电感Lin、第二升压二极管D2、第一箝位二极管Dc和第一箝位电容Cc串联成支路1，第一升压电容C1、耦合电感第一绕组N2、第二升压电容C2和输出二极管Do串联成支路2，支路1与支路2并联后输入端与输入电源Vin的正极相连，输出端通过输出电容Co与输入电源Vin的负极相连。The input filter inductor L in , the second boost diode D 2 , the first clamping diode D c and the first clamping capacitor C c are connected in series to form a branch 1 , the first boost capacitor C 1 , the first winding N 2 of the coupling inductor , The second boost capacitor C 2 and the output diode D o are connected in series to form a branch circuit 2. After the branch circuit 1 and the branch circuit 2 are connected in parallel, the input terminal is connected to the positive pole of the input power supply V in , and the output terminal is connected to the input power supply V through the output capacitor C o . The negative pole of in is connected.

输入滤波电感Lin与第二升压二极管D2正极之间的结点称为结点1，第二升压二极管D2负极与第一箝位二极管Dc正极之间的结点称为结点2，第一箝位二极管Dc负极与第一箝位电容Cc之间的结点称为结点3，第一升压电容C1与耦合电感第一绕组N2之间的结点称为结点4，耦合电感第一绕组N2与第二升压电容C2之间的结点称为结点5，第二升压电容C2和输出二极管Do正极之间的结点称为结点6，第一升压二极管连接在结点1与结点4之间，其正极连接结点1，负极连接结点4，耦合电感第二绕组N1连接在结点2和结点5之间，第三升压二极管D4连接在结点3和结点6之间，其正极连接结点3，负极连接结点6。The junction between the input filter inductor L in and the anode of the second boost diode D 2 is called node 1, and the junction between the cathode of the second boost diode D 2 and the anode of the first clamp diode D c is called junction 1. Point 2, the junction between the cathode of the first clamping diode D c and the first clamping capacitor C c is called node 3, the junction between the first boost capacitor C 1 and the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor Called node 4, the junction between the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 is called node 5, and the junction between the second boost capacitor C 2 and the anode of the output diode D o Called node 6, the first boost diode is connected between node 1 and node 4, its positive pole is connected to node 1, its negative pole is connected to node 4, and the second winding N1 of the coupled inductor is connected to node 2 and node 4. Between point 5, a third boost diode D4 is connected between node 3 and node 6, and its anode is connected to node 3 and its cathode is connected to node 6.

功率开关管S的漏极连接至结点2，功率开关管的源极连接至输入电源Vin的负极，栅极连接变换器控制信号电压Vgs，通过变换器控制信号电压Vgs控制功率开关管的通断，从而使boost工作在不同的开关模态，实现对电压的提升。The drain of the power switch S is connected to the node 2, the source of the power switch is connected to the negative of the input power V in , the gate is connected to the converter control signal voltage V gs , and the power switch is controlled by the converter control signal voltage V gs The on-off of the tube, so that the boost works in different switching modes, and the voltage is improved.

本实施例中，输出电容Co具有滤波的作用，输出电容Co即为变换器的输出端，负载R并接在变换器的输出端。In this embodiment, the output capacitor C o has the function of filtering, the output capacitor C o is the output end of the converter, and the load R is connected to the output end of the converter in parallel.

本实施例中，所述功率开关管S为MOS管。In this embodiment, the power switch transistor S is a MOS transistor.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例公开一种实施例1所述高增益boost变换器的控制方法，本控制方法就是使boost变换器达到图2所示的模态图，图2表示了高增益boost变换器控制信号电压Vgs、耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流

Figure BDA0001936143010000031
耦合电感第二绕组电流iN1，第一升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000032
第二升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000033
第三升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000034
第一箝位二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000041
输出二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000042
功率开关管电流is的波形，本控制方法使boost变换器的工作过程分为3个开关模态，分别为开关模态1至开关模态3，具体描述如下：This embodiment discloses a control method for the high-gain boost converter described in Embodiment 1. The control method is to make the boost converter reach the modal diagram shown in FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 shows the control signal voltage of the high-gain boost converter. V gs , the leakage inductance current of the first winding of the coupled inductor
Figure BDA0001936143010000031
Coupled inductor second winding current i N1 , first boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000032
Second boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000033
third boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000034
First clamp diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000041
Output diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000042
The waveform of the power switch tube current i s , this control method divides the working process of the boost converter into three switching modes, namely switching mode 1 to switching mode 3, which are specifically described as follows:

开关模态1，对应图2中的[t0,t1]，等效电路如图3(a)所示，t0时刻开通功率开关管S，D1、Dc、Do反向偏置，D2、D4正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流和耦合电感第二绕组电流

Figure BDA0001936143010000043
iN1上升；第二升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000044
上升，第三升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000045
上升，功率开关管电流iS上升，输出电容Co为负载供电。Switching mode 1, corresponding to [t 0 , t 1 ] in Figure 2, the equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 3(a), the power switch S is turned on at time t 0 , and D 1 , D c , and D o are reverse biased set, D 2 , D 4 are forward biased, the leakage inductance current of the first winding of the coupled inductor and the current of the second winding of the coupled inductor
Figure BDA0001936143010000043
i N1 rises; second boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000044
rise, the third boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000045
Rise, the power switch tube current i S rises, and the output capacitor C o supplies power to the load.

开关模态2，对应图2中的[t1,t2]，等效电路如图3(b)所示，t1时刻，功率开关管S关断，开关模态1结束，开关模态2开始，D2、D4反向偏置，D1、Dx、Do正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流和耦合电感第二绕组电流

Figure BDA0001936143010000046
iN1下降；第一箝位二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000047
下降，输出二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000048
上升，第一升压二极管电流
Figure BDA0001936143010000049
下降。输入电源Vin、输入电感、耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1和第二升压电容C2共同转移能量到输出电容Co和负载R，t2时刻，第一箝位二极管电流
Figure BDA00019361430100000414
下降至零，开关模态2结束。Switch mode 2, corresponding to [t 1 , t 2 ] in Figure 2, the equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 3(b), at time t 1 , the power switch S is turned off, the switch mode 1 ends, and the switch mode 2 starts, D 2 , D 4 are reverse biased, D 1 , D x , D o are forward biased, the leakage inductance current of the first winding of the coupled inductor and the second winding current of the coupled inductor
Figure BDA0001936143010000046
i N1 drops; first clamp diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000047
falling, the output diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000048
rise, the first boost diode current
Figure BDA0001936143010000049
decline. The input power V in , the input inductor, the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor, and the second boost capacitor C 2 transfer energy together to the output capacitor C o and the load R, and at time t 2 , the first clamp Bit diode current
Figure BDA00019361430100000414
down to zero, switching mode 2 ends.

开关模态3，对应图2中的[t2,t3]，等效电路如图3(c)所示，t2时刻，第一箝位二极管电流

Figure BDA00019361430100000410
下降至零，开关模态2结束，开关模态3开始，功率开关管S保持关断，D2、Dc、D4反向偏置，D1、Do正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流
Figure BDA00019361430100000411
输出二极管电流
Figure BDA00019361430100000412
和第一升压二极管电流
Figure BDA00019361430100000413
下降。同时，输入电源Vin、输入电感、耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1和第二升压电容C2共同转移能量到输出电容Co和负载R。Switching mode 3, corresponding to [t 2 , t 3 ] in Figure 2, the equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 3(c), at time t 2 , the current of the first clamping diode
Figure BDA00019361430100000410
drops to zero, switching mode 2 ends, switching mode 3 begins, the power switch S remains off, D 2 , D c , D 4 are reverse biased, D 1 , D o are forward biased, and the coupled inductor is the first One winding leakage inductance current
Figure BDA00019361430100000411
Output diode current
Figure BDA00019361430100000412
and the first boost diode current
Figure BDA00019361430100000413
decline. Meanwhile, the input power V in , the input inductor, the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 transfer energy to the output capacitor C o and the load R together.

当功率开关管S导通时，新的开关周期开始，boost变换器继续执行从开关模态1至开关模态3的工作过程。When the power switch tube S is turned on, a new switching cycle begins, and the boost converter continues to perform the work process from switching mode 1 to switching mode 3.

由模态1，电感Lin和线圈N1的电压表达式为：From Mode 1, the voltage expressions of inductor Lin and coil N1 are:

VLin＝Vin，NVN1＝Vin+VC1+VN1,VN1+VCc+Vo＝VC2，V Lin =V in , NV N1 =V in +V C1 +V N1 , V N1 +V Cc +V o =V C2 ,

由模态2和3，电感Lin的电压表达式为：From modes 2 and 3, the voltage expression of the inductor Lin is:

VLin＝VC1，V Lin =V C1 ,

由模态2和3，线圈N1的电压表达式为：From modes 2 and 3, the voltage expression of coil N1 is:

Vin+VC1+VN1＝VCc+NVN1+Vo，V in +V C1 +V N1 =V Cc +NV N1 +V o ,

VN1＝VCc+VC2，V N1 =V Cc +V C2 ,

NVN1+VO＝Vin+VC1+VC2，NV N1 +V O =V in +V C1 +V C2 ,

结合模态1、2和3，对电感Lin和线圈N1应用伏秒平衡原理，Combining modes 1, 2 and 3, applying the principle of volt-second balance to inductor Lin and coil N1,

Figure BDA0001936143010000051
Figure BDA0001936143010000051

推导得出以下电压表达式：The following voltage expressions are derived:

Figure BDA0001936143010000052
Figure BDA0001936143010000052

最后，由上述分析可得增益表达式为：Finally, the gain expression obtained from the above analysis is:

Figure BDA0001936143010000053
其中D为功率开关管的导通占空比，N＝N2/N1为耦合电感第一绕组与耦合电感第二绕组的匝数比。
Figure BDA0001936143010000053
D is the on-duty ratio of the power switch tube, and N=N 2 /N 1 is the turns ratio between the first winding of the coupled inductor and the second winding of the coupled inductor.

在传统的耦合电感类型的高增益直流变换器中，电压增益与占空比和耦合电感匝比的关系为：电压增益随着耦合电感匝比的增加而显著提升，呈近似正比例关系，但是，耦合电感的匝比并不能无限的提升，当耦合电感匝比较大时，耦合电感漏感和寄生电容会严重影响变换器的性能；或者，电压增益随着占空比的增加而增加，呈近似正比例关系。In the traditional high-gain DC converter of coupled inductor type, the relationship between the voltage gain and the duty cycle and the coupled inductor turns ratio is: the voltage gain increases significantly with the increase of the coupled inductor turns ratio, which is approximately proportional, but, The turns ratio of the coupled inductor cannot be increased infinitely. When the turns ratio of the coupled inductor is large, the leakage inductance and parasitic capacitance of the coupled inductor will seriously affect the performance of the converter; or, the voltage gain increases with the increase of the duty cycle, which is approximately proportional relationship.

在本实施例所述变换器中，耦合电感匝比越小，变换器的增益反而提升，呈近似反比例关系，这就有效的降低了耦合电感漏感和寄生电容对变换器性能的影响；随着占空比的增加，电压增益显著增加，呈近似的平方正比关系。反比特性和平方特性同时结合在了一个变换器中。如图4所示，进一步展示了所提变换器在匝比和占空比上的优势。In the converter described in this embodiment, the smaller the turns ratio of the coupled inductance is, the gain of the converter is increased instead, and the relationship is approximately inversely proportional, which effectively reduces the influence of the coupled inductance leakage inductance and parasitic capacitance on the performance of the converter; As the duty cycle increases, the voltage gain increases significantly, in an approximate square proportional relationship. Both inverse and square properties are combined in one converter. As shown in Fig. 4, the advantages of the proposed converter in terms of turns ratio and duty cycle are further demonstrated.

下面通过具体的Pspice仿真实例说明采用本发明结构的有益效果：The beneficial effects of adopting the structure of the present invention are described below through specific Pspice simulation examples:

如图5所示，输入电压Vin＝38V，电压增益M为13，耦合电感匝比为1.8，输出功率为500W，各个器件的电流波形如图所示，有效的验证了前述理论的准确性。从图中可以看出，第一箝位二极管自然关断，这可以有效的提高效率。As shown in Figure 5, the input voltage V in = 38V, the voltage gain M is 13, the coupled inductor turns ratio is 1.8, and the output power is 500W. The current waveforms of each device are shown in the figure, which effectively verifies the accuracy of the foregoing theory. . As can be seen from the figure, the first clamping diode is naturally turned off, which can effectively improve the efficiency.

以上描述的仅是本发明的基本原理和优选实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明做出的改进和替换，属于本发明的保护范围。The above descriptions are only the basic principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention, and improvements and substitutions made by those skilled in the art according to the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.一种具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器，其特征在于：包括耦合电感网络、输入滤波电感Lin、箝位升压电路和功率开关管S，输入滤波电感Lin输入侧连接输入电源Vin，输出侧连接箝位升压电路，耦合电感网络的输入侧连接箝位升压电路的升压电容C1，输出端连接功率开关管S的漏极和箝位升压电路，功率开关管S的栅极连接控制信号电压Vgs，功率开关管S的源极与输入电源Vin的负极相连，箝位升压电路的输出端就是boost变换器的输出端，负载连接在boost变换器的输出端；1. a high gain boost converter with an inverse square characteristic, it is characterized in that: comprise coupled inductance network, input filter inductance L in , clamp boost circuit and power switch tube S, input filter inductance L in input side is connected to input The power supply V in , the output side is connected to the clamp boost circuit, the input side of the coupled inductor network is connected to the boost capacitor C 1 of the clamp boost circuit, the output end is connected to the drain of the power switch S and the clamp boost circuit, the power The gate of the switch tube S is connected to the control signal voltage V gs , the source of the power switch tube S is connected to the negative pole of the input power supply V in , the output end of the clamp boost circuit is the output end of the boost converter, and the load is connected to the boost converter the output of the device; 所述耦合电感网络包括耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1，箝位升压电路包括第一升压二极管D1、第二升压二极管D2、第三升压二极管D4、第一箝位二极管Dc、输出二极管Do、第一升压电容C1、第二升压电容C2、第一箝位电容Cc、输出电容Co；输入滤波电感Lin、第二升压二极管D2、第一箝位二极管Dc和第一箝位电容Cc串联成支路1，第一升压电容C1、耦合电感第一绕组N2、第二升压电容C2和输出二极管Do串联成支路2，支路1与支路2并联后输入端与输入电源Vin的正极相连，输出端通过输出电容Co与输入电源Vin的负极相连；输入滤波电感Lin与第二升压二极管D2正极之间的结点称为结点1，第二升压二极管D2负极与第一箝位二极管Dc正极之间的结点称为结点2，第一箝位二极管Dc负极与第一箝位电容Cc之间的结点称为结点3，第一升压电容C1与耦合电感第一绕组N2之间的结点称为结点4，耦合电感第一绕组N2与第二升压电容C2之间的结点称为结点5，第二升压电容C2和输出二极管Do正极之间的结点称为结点6，第一升压二极管D1连接在结点1与结点4之间，其正极连接结点1，负极连接结点4，耦合电感第二绕组N1连接在结点2和结点5之间，并且功率开关管S的漏极连接至结点2，第三升压二极管D4连接在结点3和结点6之间，其正极连接结点3，负极连接结点6。The coupled inductor network includes a coupled inductor first winding N 2 and a coupled inductor second winding N 1 , and the clamping boost circuit includes a first boost diode D 1 , a second boost diode D 2 , and a third boost diode D 4. The first clamp diode D c , the output diode D o , the first boost capacitor C 1 , the second boost capacitor C 2 , the first clamp capacitor C c , the output capacitor C o ; the input filter inductor L in , The second boost diode D 2 , the first clamp diode D c and the first clamp capacitor C c are connected in series to form a branch 1 , the first boost capacitor C 1 , the coupled inductor first winding N 2 , and the second boost capacitor C 2 and the output diode D o are connected in series to form branch 2. After branch 1 and branch 2 are connected in parallel, the input terminal is connected to the positive pole of the input power supply V in , and the output terminal is connected to the negative pole of the input power supply V in through the output capacitor C o ; The node between the filter inductor L in and the anode of the second boost diode D 2 is called node 1, and the node between the cathode of the second boost diode D 2 and the anode of the first clamp diode D c is called node 1 2. The junction between the cathode of the first clamping diode D c and the first clamping capacitor C c is called node 3, and the junction between the first boost capacitor C 1 and the first winding N 2 of the coupling inductor is called It is node 4, the junction between the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 is called node 5, and the junction between the second boost capacitor C 2 and the anode of the output diode D o is called For node 6, the first boost diode D1 is connected between node 1 and node 4, its positive pole is connected to node 1, its negative pole is connected to node 4, and the coupled inductor second winding N1 is connected to node 2 and node 4. Between node 5, and the drain of the power switch S is connected to node 2, the third boost diode D4 is connected between node 3 and node 6, its positive pole is connected to node 3, and its negative pole is connected to node 2 6. 2.根据权利要求1所述的具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器，其特征在于：负载R并联在输出电容Co两端。2 . The high-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic according to claim 1 , wherein the load R is connected in parallel with both ends of the output capacitor C o . 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的具有反比平方特性的高增益boost变换器，其特征在于：所述功率开关管S为MOS管。3 . The high-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic according to claim 1 , wherein the power switch tube S is a MOS tube. 4 . 4.权利要求1所述高增益boost变换器的控制方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：S01)、控制boost变换器处于开关模态1，对应时刻为[t0,t1]，实现方法为：t0时刻开通功率开关管S，D1、Dc、Do反向偏置，D2、D4正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流和耦合电感第二绕组电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000011
iN1上升，第二升压二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000012
上升，第三升压二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000013
上升，功率开关管电流iS上升，输出电容Co为负载供电；S02)、控制boost变换器处于开关模态2，对应时刻为[t1,t2]，实现方法为：t1时刻，功率开关管S关断，开关模态1结束，开关模态2开始，D2、D4反向偏置，D1、Dc、Do正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流和耦合电感第二绕组电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000014
iN1下降；第一箝位二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000015
下降，输出二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000016
上升，第一升压二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000017
下降，输入电源Vin、输入滤波电感Lin、耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1和第二升压电容C2共同转移能量到输出电容Co和负载R；S03)、控制boost变换器处于开关模态3，对应时刻为[t2,t3]，实现方法为：t2时刻，第一箝位二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000021
下降至零，开关模态2结束，开关模态3开始，功率开关管S保持关断，D2、Dc、D4反向偏置，D1、Do正向偏置，耦合电感第一绕组漏感电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000022
输出二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000023
和第一升压二极管电流
Figure FDA0002596355100000024
下降，同时，输入电源Vin、输入滤波电感Lin、耦合电感第一绕组N2、耦合电感第二绕组N1和第二升压电容C2共同转移能量到输出电容Co和负载R；S04)、导通功率开关管S，新的开关周期开始，boost变换器继续执行从开关模态1至开关模态3的工作过程。4. the control method of the described high gain boost converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: S01), control boost converter to be in switch mode 1, corresponding moment is [t 0 , t 1 ], the realization method It is: turn on the power switch S at time t 0 , D 1 , D c , D o are reverse biased, D 2 and D 4 are forward biased, the leakage inductance current of the first winding of the coupled inductor and the current of the second winding of the coupled inductor
Figure FDA0002596355100000011
i N1 rises, the second boost diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000012
rise, the third boost diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000013
rise, the power switch tube current i S rises, and the output capacitor C o supplies power for the load; S02), control the boost converter to be in switching mode 2, and the corresponding time is [t 1 , t 2 ], and the implementation method is: at time t 1 , The power switch tube S is turned off, the switching mode 1 ends, the switching mode 2 starts, D 2 , D 4 are reverse biased, D 1 , D c , and D o are forward biased, and the leakage inductance current of the first winding of the coupled inductor and coupled inductor second winding current
Figure FDA0002596355100000014
i N1 drops; first clamp diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000015
falling, the output diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000016
rise, the first boost diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000017
drop, the input power V in , the input filter inductor L in , the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 transfer energy together to the output capacitor C o and the load R; S03) , control the boost converter to be in switching mode 3, the corresponding time is [t 2 , t 3 ], the realization method is: at time t 2 , the first clamping diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000021
drops to zero, switching mode 2 ends, switching mode 3 begins, the power switch S remains off, D 2 , D c , D 4 are reverse biased, D 1 , D o are forward biased, and the coupled inductor is the first One winding leakage inductance current
Figure FDA0002596355100000022
Output diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000023
and the first boost diode current
Figure FDA0002596355100000024
drop, at the same time, the input power V in , the input filter inductor L in , the first winding N 2 of the coupled inductor, the second winding N 1 of the coupled inductor and the second boost capacitor C 2 transfer energy to the output capacitor C o and the load R together; S04), turn on the power switch S, a new switching cycle begins, and the boost converter continues to perform the work process from switching mode 1 to switching mode 3. 5.根据权利要求4所述的高增益boost变换器的控制方法，其特征在于：高增益boost变换器的增益M为：
Figure FDA0002596355100000025
其中D为功率开关管的导通占空比，N＝N2/N1为耦合电感第一绕组与耦合电感第二绕组的匝数比。5. the control method of high gain boost converter according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the gain M of high gain boost converter is:
Figure FDA0002596355100000025
D is the on-duty ratio of the power switch tube, and N=N 2 /N 1 is the turns ratio between the first winding of the coupled inductor and the second winding of the coupled inductor.
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