Charging and discharging temperature adjusting device and method for electric vehicle battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries of electric vehicles, in particular to a charging and discharging temperature adjusting device and method of an electric vehicle battery, which can automatically adjust the temperature of a storage battery of an electric vehicle.
Background
When the working environment temperature is 15-30 ℃, the charge and discharge performance of the storage battery is optimal, the service life of the battery is shortened outside the temperature range, and the battery is stored indoors and charged indoors when the temperature is low in winter; for example, at-10 ℃ ambient temperature, the battery can only discharge 60% of its charge. Therefore, the full-charged travel distance in winter is much less than the full-charged travel distance in summer.
The storage battery has serious reduction of the storage and discharge capacities in winter, the storage battery is damaged and replaced too early due to overhigh temperature in summer, uncertainty is brought to the use of the storage battery due to the change of the environmental temperature, troubles are brought to people, and meanwhile the travel cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the use of a storage battery is uncertain due to the change of environmental temperature and troubles are brought to people in the prior art, and provides a charging and discharging temperature adjusting device and a charging and discharging temperature adjusting method of an electric vehicle battery, wherein the charging and discharging temperature adjusting device can automatically adjust the temperature of the storage battery of an electric vehicle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a charging and discharging temperature adjusting device for an electric vehicle battery comprises a vehicle basket, a battery box, a storage box arranged below a pedal plate, a vehicle seat and a wheel driving motor; the electric heating bicycle comprises a wind rotor arranged on a bicycle basket, a storage battery arranged in a battery box, an electric heating plate arranged in a storage box, and a cavity arranged in the wall of the battery box; the cavity is communicated with the storage box through a channel, a fan is arranged in the storage box, a pressure sensor and a speed sensor are arranged on a vehicle seat, a temperature sensor is arranged in a battery box, a rotating shaft of wind-driven rotation is connected with a basket through a fixing ring in a rotating mode, the rotating shaft of wind-driven rotation is connected with a worm of a worm gear structure, a turbine of the worm gear structure is connected with a transmission gear, a rotating shaft of the transmission gear is connected with a rotating shaft of a rotor of a generator, the generator is electrically connected with a storage battery, an electric heating plate, the pressure sensor, the speed sensor, the temperature sensor and the fan are electrically connected with a controller, and a second storage battery is used for supplying power to the electric heating plate, the pressure sensor.
Along with the movement of the electric vehicle, airflow flows through the front part of the basket to drive the wind to rotate, and the generator generates electricity and stores the electricity into the storage battery;
meanwhile, the storage battery discharges electricity to the wheel driving motor to work, and the wheel driving motor drives the wheel to rotate;
when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the speed sensor detects the moving speed of the electric vehicle, the pressure sensor detects the pressure value on the vehicle seat, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the battery box;
when the moving speed of the electric vehicle is more than or equal to 10km/h, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is more than M, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is less than 10 ℃, the controller controls the electric heating plate and the fan to work, and heated air in the storage box enters the cavity to heat the battery box; therefore, the storage battery can normally discharge in the discharging process, the electric energy can be smoothly discharged, and the cruising ability of the storage battery is ensured.
Therefore, the bicycle can charge the storage battery in the riding process, can automatically adjust the temperature of the storage battery during charging and discharging, prolongs the service life of the storage battery, saves electric energy, and provides convenience for people.
Preferably, the battery box comprises a rectangular box body with an opening at the front part and a box cover which is rotatably connected with the opening of the rectangular box body; the rectangular box body comprises an inner shell and an outer shell, a plurality of connecting rods are arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell, and an elastic base plate is arranged in the lower part of the inner shell; the box cover is provided with a handle.
Preferably, the battery box is also provided with a heat preservation cover, the lower part of the heat preservation cover is provided with an opening, and the heat preservation cover is connected with the battery box through an elastic rope; the heat preservation cover comprises an outer cover made of waterproof materials and an inner cover made of heat preservation materials, fireproof heat preservation fibers are filled between the inner cover and the outer cover, air is filled between the inner cover and the outer cover, a one-way valve is arranged on the heat preservation cover, the heat preservation cover is connected with a miniature air pump through an air duct, the miniature air pump is located in the storage box and is electrically connected with the controller, and the storage battery supplies power for the miniature air pump.
The arrangement of the heat preservation cover can reduce the temperature change speed of hot air in the cavity, thereby reducing the electric energy loss. When the air in the heat preservation cover is reduced, the heat preservation cover can be inflated by a miniature air pump.
Preferably, a horizontal baffle is arranged in the storage box, the horizontal baffle is matched and connected with an annular groove formed in the side wall of the storage box, and the electric heating plate and the fan are both located on the lower portion of the horizontal baffle.
Preferably, a vertical rod is arranged on the bicycle basket, a horn-shaped air inlet cover is arranged at the upper part of the vertical rod, an air direction adjusting structure is arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod, the lower end of the vertical rod is rotatably connected with the bicycle basket, the horn-shaped air inlet cover is connected with the cavity through an air guide pipe, an air outlet is formed in the cavity, and a rotary sealing cover plate is arranged outside the air outlet; the wind direction adjusting structure is an arc-shaped air inlet pipeline made of flexible materials, an opening is formed in the rear lower portion of the wind direction adjusting structure, and the size of an air inlet of the wind direction adjusting structure is larger than that of an air inlet of the horn-shaped air inlet cover.
A method for charging and discharging a temperature adjusting device of an electric vehicle battery comprises the following steps:
(6-1) along with the movement of the electric vehicle, airflow flows through the front part of the basket to drive the wind to rotate, and the generator generates electricity and stores the electricity into the storage battery;
meanwhile, the storage battery discharges electricity to the wheel driving motor to work, and the wheel driving motor drives the wheel to rotate;
(6-2) when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the speed sensor detects the moving speed of the electric vehicle, the pressure sensor detects the pressure value on the vehicle seat, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the battery box;
(6-2-1) when the moving speed of the electric vehicle is more than or equal to 10km/h, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is more than M, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is less than 10 ℃, the controller controls the electric heating plate and the fan to work, heated air in the storage box enters the cavity, and the temperature of the battery box is raised;
(6-2-2) when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is higher than 20 ℃, the controller controls the electric heating plate and the fan to stop working; and (6) transferring to the step (2).
According to the invention, when the moving speed of the electric vehicle is more than or equal to 10km/h, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is more than M, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is less than 10 ℃, the battery box is heated, so that the electric vehicle is effectively prevented from being heated when being transported, and the waste of electric energy is avoided.
Preferably, a vertical rod is arranged on the bicycle basket, a horn-shaped air inlet cover is arranged at the upper part of the vertical rod, an air direction adjusting structure is arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod, the lower end of the vertical rod is rotatably connected with the bicycle basket, the horn-shaped air inlet cover is connected with the cavity through an air guide pipe, an air outlet is formed in the cavity, and a rotary sealing cover plate is arranged outside the air outlet; the wind direction adjusting structure is an arc-shaped air inlet pipeline made of flexible materials, an opening is formed in the rear lower portion of the wind direction adjusting structure, and the size of an air inlet of the wind direction adjusting structure is larger than that of an air inlet of the horn-shaped air inlet cover; also comprises the following steps:
when the outdoor temperature is higher than 25 ℃, rotating the rotary sealing cover plate to open the air outlet of the cavity;
the air guide pipe is connected with the cavity, after the electric vehicle moves, air flow enters the air direction adjusting structure and flows out from the lower portion of the air direction adjusting structure, the air inlet of the air direction adjusting structure is always aligned to the direction of incoming air under the action of the air flow, the air direction adjusting structure drives the vertical rod to rotate, the horn-shaped air inlet cover is always aligned to the direction of the incoming air, the air enters the cavity through the air guide pipe and flows out from the air outlet of the cavity, and flowing air cools the cavity, so that the storage battery is cooled.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the storage battery can be charged in the riding process, the temperature of the storage battery during charging and discharging can be automatically adjusted, the electric energy is saved, and convenience is provided for people; when the outdoor temperature is higher, can give the battery cooling automatically, effectively improve the life of battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular box according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the storage compartment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a construction of the heat retention cover of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of one configuration of the wind rotor, worm gear arrangement, drive gear and generator of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: the electric heating device comprises a basket 1, a battery box 2, a pedal 3, a storage box 4, a vehicle seat 5, an air rotor 6, a storage battery 7, a micro air pump 8, a fan 9, a pressure sensor 10, a speed sensor 11, a temperature sensor 12, a controller 14, a cavity 21, a rectangular box body 22, a box cover 23, a heat preservation cover 24, an electric heating plate 41, a horizontal baffle 43, an annular groove 44, a vertical rod 101, a horn-shaped air inlet cover 102, an air direction adjusting structure 103, a rotary sealing cover plate 104, a worm gear structure 201, a transmission gear 202, a transmission gear rotating shaft 203, a generator 204, an inner shell 221, an outer shell 222, a connecting rod 223, an elastic cushion plate 221 and a.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Example 1
The embodiment shown in fig. 1, 3, 5 and 6 is a charging and discharging temperature adjusting device for a battery of an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprises a basket 1, a battery box 2, a storage box 4 arranged below a pedal 3, a vehicle seat 5 and a wheel driving motor; comprises a wind rotor 6 arranged on a bicycle basket, a storage battery 7 arranged in a battery box, an electric heating plate 41 arranged in the storage box, and a cavity 21 arranged in the wall of the battery box; the cavity is communicated with the storage box through a channel, a fan 9 is arranged in the storage box, a pressure sensor 10 and a speed sensor 11 are arranged on a vehicle seat, a temperature sensor 12 is arranged in the battery box, a rotating shaft of wind-driven rotation is rotatably connected with a basket through a fixing ring, the rotating shaft of wind-driven rotation is connected with a worm of a worm gear structure 201, a turbine of the worm gear structure is connected with a transmission gear 202, a rotating shaft 203 of the transmission gear is connected with a rotating shaft of a rotor of a generator 204, the generator is electrically connected with a storage battery, an electric heating plate, the pressure sensor, the speed sensor, the temperature sensor and the fan are electrically connected with a controller 14, and a second storage battery supplies power for the electric heating plate, the pressure sensor, the speed sensor, the.
As shown in fig. 2, the battery case includes a rectangular case body 22 having an opening at the front thereof and a case cover 23 rotatably coupled to the opening of the rectangular case body; the rectangular box body comprises an inner shell 221 and an outer shell 222, a plurality of connecting rods 223 are arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell, and an elastic cushion plate 221 is arranged in the lower part of the inner shell; the box cover is provided with a handle 231.
As shown in fig. 4, the battery box is further provided with a heat preservation cover 24, the lower part of the heat preservation cover is provided with an opening, and the heat preservation cover is connected with the battery box through an elastic rope; the heat preservation cover comprises an outer cover made of waterproof materials and an inner cover made of heat preservation materials, fireproof heat preservation fibers are filled between the inner cover and the outer cover, air is filled between the inner cover and the outer cover, a one-way valve is arranged on the heat preservation cover, the heat preservation cover is connected with a miniature air pump 8 through an air duct, the miniature air pump is located in the storage box and electrically connected with the controller, and the storage battery supplies power for the miniature air pump.
As shown in fig. 3, a horizontal baffle 43 is arranged in the storage box, the horizontal baffle is connected with an annular groove 44 arranged on the upper side wall of the storage box in a matching way, and the electric heating plate and the fan are both arranged at the lower part of the horizontal baffle.
A method for charging and discharging a temperature adjusting device of an electric vehicle battery comprises the following steps:
when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the speed sensor detects the moving speed of the electric vehicle, the pressure sensor detects the pressure value on the vehicle seat, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the battery box;
(6-1) along with the movement of the electric vehicle, airflow flows through the front part of the basket to drive the wind to rotate, and the generator generates electricity and stores the electricity into the storage battery;
meanwhile, the storage battery discharges electricity to the wheel driving motor to work, and the wheel driving motor drives the wheel to rotate;
(6-2) when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the speed sensor detects the moving speed of the electric vehicle, the pressure sensor detects the pressure value on the vehicle seat, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the battery box;
(6-2-1) when the moving speed of the electric vehicle is more than or equal to 10km/h, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is more than M, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is less than 10 ℃, the controller controls the electric heating plate and the fan to work, heated air in the storage box enters the cavity, and the temperature of the battery box is raised;
(6-2-2) when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor is higher than 20 ℃, the controller controls the electric heating plate and the fan to stop working; and (6) transferring to the step (2).
Example 2
Embodiment 2 includes all the structure and method parts of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, a vertical rod 101 is arranged on the bicycle basket of embodiment 2, a horn-shaped air inlet cover 102 is arranged on the upper part of the vertical rod, a wind direction adjusting structure 103 is arranged on the upper end of the vertical rod, the lower end of the vertical rod is rotatably connected with the bicycle basket, the horn-shaped air inlet cover is connected with a cavity through an air guide pipe, an air outlet is arranged on the cavity, and a rotary sealing cover plate 104 is arranged outside the air outlet; the wind direction adjusting structure is an arc-shaped air inlet pipeline made of flexible materials, an opening is formed in the rear lower portion of the wind direction adjusting structure, and the size of an air inlet of the wind direction adjusting structure is larger than that of an air inlet of the horn-shaped air inlet cover. Also comprises the following steps:
when the outdoor temperature is higher than 25 ℃, rotating the rotary sealing cover plate to open the air outlet of the cavity;
the air guide pipe is connected with the cavity, after the electric vehicle moves, air flow enters the air direction adjusting structure and flows out from the lower portion of the air direction adjusting structure, the air inlet of the air direction adjusting structure is always aligned to the direction of incoming air under the action of the air flow, the air direction adjusting structure drives the vertical rod to rotate, the horn-shaped air inlet cover is always aligned to the direction of the incoming air, the air enters the cavity through the air guide pipe and flows out from the air outlet of the cavity, and flowing air cools the cavity, so that the storage battery is cooled.
It should be understood that this example is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.