CN109712503A - A kind of apparatus and method for simulating underwater oil spilling - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus and method for simulating underwater oil spilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109712503A CN109712503A CN201910052305.XA CN201910052305A CN109712503A CN 109712503 A CN109712503 A CN 109712503A CN 201910052305 A CN201910052305 A CN 201910052305A CN 109712503 A CN109712503 A CN 109712503A
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Abstract
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of apparatus and method for simulating underwater oil spilling, device includes the oil storage tank equipped with liquidometer, the water supply system by pipeline road with the tank connected underwater environment simulation monitoring system of oil storage and for simulating monitoring system water supply to underwater environment.Oil pump and pressure-control valve are successively arranged along oil product flow direction on pipeline road.It includes water vat, the simulated leakage petroleum pipeline inside water vat, the high-speed camera for shooting water vat different angle oil spilling process, the detection device for detecting water body oil concentration in water vat that underwater environment, which simulates monitoring system,.The oil inlet of simulated leakage petroleum pipeline connects pipeline road, and oil outlet is connected at the oil outlet pipe outside water vat.At least two leak control valve is additionally provided on simulated leakage petroleum pipeline, the leak control valve is respectively positioned on water vat bottom.Apparatus of the present invention are easy to operate, and method is easy to implement, and feasibility is high, and measurement method science can be realized the high-precision parameter measurement of valence.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum works fields, and in particular, to a kind of apparatus and method for simulating underwater oil spilling.
Background technique
Since 21st century, global economy is fast-developing, and demand of the people to the energy sharply increases, and petroleum is as China
The second largest energy it is also receive more and more attention.With petering out for the land energy, sight is transferred to by people
Ocean, resourceful ocean become the emphasis of our Future exploitations.But it is disliked since submarine pipeline is in environment for a long time
In bad ocean, various unpredictalbe risks are subject, the situation of submarine pipeline leakage can occur often, and are once overflow
Oily accident will cause consequence very serious to ecological environment and national economy.
But for a long time, due to being limited by conditions such as underwater environments, reality of the people to underwater porous oil spilling diffusion
Test research and it is few, it is also not deep enough to the research at the porous leakage oil gas behavior home to return to of underwater environment.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency for supplementing existing research, the present invention provides a kind of apparatus and method for simulating underwater oil spilling, for realizing
Shallow sea or river course environment are emulated indoors, simulate the shallow water conditions of normal temperature and pressure, provides essence for underwater oil spilling model
Quasi- model parameter and valid data, and can determine the accuracy of underwater oil spilling model and simulate oil product behavior in underwater environment
Track and home to return to.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a kind of underwater oil spilling device of simulation, the oil storage including being equipped with liquidometer
Tank, the pipeline road being connected with oil storage tank, the underwater environment connecting with pipeline road are simulated monitoring system and are used for underwater
The water supply system of environmental simulation monitoring system water supply；Oil pump and pressure are successively arranged along oil product flow direction on the pipeline road
Force control valve.
The underwater environment simulation monitoring system includes for simulating the water vat of underwater environment, the simulation inside water vat
It leaks petroleum pipeline, the high-speed camera for shooting underwater oil spilling process from water vat front high frequency, be used for from high frequency at the top of water vat
Shoot the miniature high-speed photographic apparatus of underwater oil spilling process, for detecting in water vat the detection device of water body oil concentration and for receiving
And store the computer of high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus shooting image.The oil inlet connection of simulated leakage petroleum pipeline is defeated
Oil pipe line, oil outlet are connected at the oil outlet pipe outside water vat.At least two leakage control is additionally provided on simulated leakage petroleum pipeline
Valve processed, the leak control valve are respectively positioned on water vat bottom.
It advanced optimizes, water vat is the transparent water vat of upper opening of acrylic material, and surrounding and bottom surface are all made of glass
Glue adds steel nail to seal.
It advanced optimizes, the oil inlet end of simulated leakage petroleum pipeline, which is stretched out at the top of water vat and exported with pipeline road, to be connected
It connects, the oil inlet end of the simulated leakage petroleum pipeline is stretched out at the top of water vat and connect with oil outlet pipe import, the oil outlet pipe
Outlet connect oil storage tank.
Advanced optimize, further include drainage system, the drainage system include suction hose, connect with suction hose and
Discharge pipe line equipped with suction pump and the cesspool connecting with discharge pipe line, when draining, the suction hose water inlet end is from water vat
Top is protruded into and extends to water vat bottom.
It advanced optimizes, further includes the temperature measuring device for detecting water temperature in water vat.
A method of underwater oil spilling is simulated, carries out underwater oil spilling mould using the device for simulating underwater oil spilling as described above
It is quasi-, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the Preparatory work of experiment stage
Simulated leakage petroleum pipeline is put into clean water cylinder to and is closed whole leak control valves, is then infused into water vat
Water stops water filling when leak control valve submerges in water completely and water level reaches preset value, at the same time, measures the temperature in water
And record result；
Start high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus, and adjusting high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus keeps its right
Quasi-experiment region, and adjust the focal length and aperture of high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus；
(2) the progress stage is tested
Oil pump and pressure-control valve are opened, leak control valve is then opened according to experiment preset condition, in oil spilling injection
High-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus capture the leakage underwater rising form mistake of oil product at leak control valve automatically simultaneously
The image data that journey, high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus are captured is transmitted to computer by memory card and is stored, and one
Oil pump, pressure-control valve and leak control valve are closed after secondary experiment；Leak control valve opens front and back and passes through liquidometer respectively
It reads oil product liquid level in oil storage tank and calculates the oil leak amount once tested.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) change the depth of water and pressure-control valve in underwater environment simulation monitoring system, into
And change leak pressure condition, different water depth can be obtained, pressure condition is lauched the rule of lower oil spilling, by adjusting leak control valve
Unlatching number, different leakage hole numbers can be obtained and different spacing conditions are lauched the rule of lower oil spilling.(2) it is calculated by processing
The image and video data stored in machine can be obtained under different water depth, pressure, different leakage hole numbers and different spacing conditions
Then the influence factor of partial size and the rate of climb is analyzed in the distribution and the rate of climb of oil droplet size, and it is normal in room temperature to inquire into oil droplet
Press strip part downloads the range of water surface diffusion profile, to provide effective reference data for underwater oil spilling model.(3) present invention dress
It sets shallow water oil spilling under the conditions of can simulating different water depth, different pressure, jet velocity etc. to test, device is easy to operate, method
Easy to implement, feasibility is high, and measurement method science can be realized the parameter measurement of degree of precision.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic device (overlook direction) that the underwater oil spilling in phytal zone is simulated in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is underwater environment simulation monitoring system schematic (positive apparent direction) in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 11, oil storage tank；12, liquidometer；13, oil pump；14, pressure-control valve；151, the first leak control valve；
152, the second leak control valve；153, third leak control valve；16, oil hose；17, flowline；21, water vat；22, temperature
Meter；23, miniature high-speed photographic apparatus；24, computer；25, high-speed camera；31, water body oil concentration measure instrument；32, water body oil is dense
Spend detector display；41, reservoir；42, water supply hose；43, suction pump；44, suction hose；45, cesspool；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to embodiment.These attached drawings are simplified schematic diagram, only with signal side
Formula illustrates basic structure of the invention, therefore it only shows the composition relevant to the invention, direction and referring to (for example, it is upper and lower,
Left and right, etc.) can be only used for helping the description to the feature in attached drawing.Therefore, not in restrictive sense using following
Specific embodiment, and the range of claimed theme is only limited by appended claims and its equivalent form.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the underwater oil spilling device of simulation of the present embodiment include oil storage tank 11 equipped with liquidometer 12,
The pipeline road 16 connecting with oil storage tank 11, the underwater environment connecting with pipeline road are simulated monitoring system and are used for underwater ring
The water supply system of border simulation monitoring system water supply.Oil pump 13 and pressure control are successively arranged along oil product flow direction on pipeline road
Valve 14 processed.Oil pump 13 and pressure-control valve 14 constitute oil product pressure and enter and leave system, are delivered to underwater environment simulation prison for adjusting
Oil product pressure and flow in examining system.
Underwater environment simulation monitoring system include for simulating the water vat 21 of underwater environment, the simulation inside water vat is let out
It leaks petroleum pipeline, the high-speed camera 25 for shooting underwater oil spilling process from water vat front high frequency, be used for from high frequency at the top of water vat
Shoot the miniature high-speed photographic apparatus 23 of underwater oil spilling process, for detecting in water vat the detection device of water body oil concentration and for connecing
Receive and store the computer 24 of high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus shooting image.Water vat 21 is the top of acrylic material
Be open transparent water vat, and surrounding and bottom surface are all made of glass cement and steel nail added to seal, and length and width is 1000mm inside water vat, a height of
1200mm.The oil inlet of simulated leakage petroleum pipeline connects pipeline road 16, and oil outlet is connected at the flowline outside water vat
Road 17.3 leak control valves and the leakage control of respectively the first leak control valve 151, second are additionally provided on simulated leakage petroleum pipeline
Valve 152 and third leak control valve 153 processed, three leak control valves are set in turn in water vat bottom along simulation oil pipeline.
When work, oil product passes through 16 approach pressure-control valve 14 of oil hose, the first leak control valve 151, the second leak control valve 152
With third leak control valve 153, it is then injected into water vat, and the oil product of unimplanted water vat then passes by the first leak control valve 151,
Two leak control valves 152 and third leak control valve 153 are recycled in oil storage tank 11.
Water supply system for simulating from monitoring system water supply to underwater environment includes reservoir 41, connection reservoir and is equipped with
The water supply pipe and water supply hose 42 of suction pump, the water inlet of the water supply hose connect water outlet of water pump, will be for when use
Water hose water outlet is put into water vat.
Simulating underwater oil spilling device further includes drainage system, and the drainage system includes cesspool 45, connect with cesspool
And it is equipped with the discharge pipe line and suction hose 44 of suction pump 43, the water outlet of suction hose 44 connects suction pump water inlet, uses
Make, the water inlet of suction hose 44 protrudes at the top of water vat and extends to water vat bottom.
Detection device for detecting water body oil concentration in water vat includes water body oil concentration measure instrument 31, the inspection of water body oil concentration
Instrument display 31 is surveyed, after experiment, water body oil concentration measure instrument 31 is to the not Tongfang taken out from underwater environment simulation water vat 21
The sample of position carries out water body oil concentration measure, water body oil concentration measure instrument display 32 is transmitted to by data line, to obtain
The oil product concentration of the water body of different direction.
In close loop, all components and pipeline pressure resistance 10MPa, online temperature is 400K, can test simulation shallow water
The experiment of the underwater oil spilling in area.
The method for using the underwater oil spilling in above-mentioned simulation underwater oil spilling unit simulation phytal zone: set the depth of water once tested as
500mm, leak pressure 0.1MPa, mutual influence when needing to observe three leakage holes while leaking.
Step specific as follows:
(1), the Preparatory work of experiment stage
The oil hose 16 for being equipped with leak control valve 151,152,153 is put into environmental simulation water vat 21 under clean water
In, all valves of pressure injection systems are closed, the power supply of suction pump 43 is closed, normal-temperature water clean in reservoir 41 is passed through
Water-filling hose 42 is filled in shallow-water environment simulation water vat 21, until reaching depth of water 500mm needed for experiment；At the same time, it measures
Temperature in water is 21 DEG C, and the level value for recording oil storage tank is 43.0cm；
Start computer 24, high-speed camera 25 and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus 23, guarantees high-speed camera 25 and small-sized height
Fast photographic apparatus 23 is directed at Experimental Area, and adjusts the focal length and aperture of high-speed camera 25 and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus 23.
(2), the progress stage is tested
When the depth of water needed for water-filling reaches experiment, stop supplying water and simultaneously take out water-filling hose 42, open oil pump 13 power supply and
The pressure of pressure-control valve 14 is adjusted to 0.1MPa, while opening the leakage of oil hose 16 in water vat 21 by pressure-control valve 14
Control valve 151,152,153 starts oil spilling experiment, with high-speed camera 25 and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus while oil spilling injection
23 automatic leakage oil products of capturing are 5 seconds after the rising form in water vat 21 leaks to the water surface up to leakage oil product, experimentation knot
The image data that beam, high-speed camera 25 and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus 23 are captured passes to computer 24 by the memory card of photographic apparatus
It is stored, the candid photograph image of different time or grabbing for same time different condition experiment in the same experiment of analysis can be passed through
Image is clapped, to obtain the track and home to return to of oil leak in the rule and underwater environment of underwater oil leak；Leak control valve
Opening front and back is respectively oil product of the 41.6cm to calculate the secondary experiment by the level value that liquidometer 12 reads oil product in oil storage tank
Waste is 1.26L；
(3), detection-phase is tested
The leak control valve 151,152,153 of oil hose 16 in water vat 21 is closed, pressure-control valve 14 is closed, closes oil
Pump 13, with different direction of the container in water vat 21 (for example, three leakage holes of 21 bottom surface of water vat are projected to three of the water surface
Point) sampling, water is carried out with sample of the water body oil concentration measure instrument 31 to the different direction taken out from underwater environment simulation water vat 21
Body oil concentration measure is transmitted to water body oil concentration measure instrument display 32 by data line, to obtain the water body of different direction
Oil product concentration.
(4), the blowdown stage is tested
Suction hose 44 is put into water vat 21, suction pump 43 is opened, the sewage of water vat 21 is discharged via suction pump 43
To cesspool 45, experiment terminates.
Changing the depth of water and leak pressure condition of experimental system, circulation experiment carries out stage and experiment blowdown stage, thus
Obtain the rule of shallow water oil spilling under different water depth, pressure condition.
By the image and video data stored in processing computer 24, can be obtained oily under different water depth, pressure condition
The distribution and the rate of climb of partial size are dripped, the influence factor of partial size and the rate of climb is then analyzed, and inquires into oil droplet in normal temperature and pressure
Under the conditions of water surface diffusion profile range, to provide effective supplemental characteristic for shallow water oil spilling model.
With above-mentioned desirable embodiment enlightenment according to the present invention, through the above description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention'.This invention it is poly-talented
Range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to its poly-talented range is determined according to scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of underwater oil spilling device of simulation, it is characterised in that: oil storage tank (11) and oil storage tank including being equipped with liquidometer (12)
(11) pipeline road (16) being connected, the underwater environment connecting with pipeline road (16) are simulated monitoring system and are used for underwater
The water supply system of environmental simulation monitoring system water supply；Oil pump (13) are successively arranged along oil product flow direction on the pipeline road
With pressure-control valve (14)；
The underwater environment simulation monitoring system includes for simulating the water vat of underwater environment (21), the simulation inside water vat
Leak petroleum pipeline, the high-speed camera (25) for shooting underwater oil spilling process from water vat front high frequency, at the top of water vat
High frequency shoot underwater oil spilling process miniature high-speed photographic apparatus (23), for detect in water vat the detection device of water body oil concentration and
For receiving and storing the computer (24) of high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus shooting image；The simulated leakage oil transportation
The oil inlet of pipe connects pipeline road (16), and oil outlet is connected at the oil outlet pipe (17) outside water vat；The simulation is let out
It is additionally provided at least two leak control valve on leakage petroleum pipeline, the leak control valve is respectively positioned on water vat bottom.
2. the device of the underwater oil spilling of simulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: water vat (21) is acrylic material
The transparent water vat of upper opening, surrounding and bottom surface are all made of glass cement and steel nail are added to seal.
3. the underwater oil spilling device of simulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the oil inlet of the simulated leakage petroleum pipeline
End, which is stretched out at the top of water vat and exported with pipeline road, to be connected, and the oil inlet end of the simulated leakage petroleum pipeline stretches out at the top of water vat
And connect with the import of oil outlet pipe (17), the outlet of the oil outlet pipe connects oil storage tank.
4. the underwater oil spilling device of simulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it further include drainage system, the draining
System includes suction hose (44), connect with suction hose and is equipped with the discharge pipe line of suction pump (43) and connects with discharge pipe line
The cesspool (45) connect, when draining, the water inlet end of the suction hose (44) protrudes at the top of water vat and extends to water vat bottom.
5. the underwater oil spilling device of simulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include for detecting water body in water vat
The temperature measuring device (22) of temperature.
6. a kind of method for simulating underwater oil spilling, it is characterised in that: underwater using described in any one of claim 1 to 55 described in any item simulations
The device of oil spilling carries out underwater spilled oil simulation, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the Preparatory work of experiment stage
Simulated leakage petroleum pipeline is put into clean water cylinder (21) and is closed whole leak control valves, is then infused into water vat
Water stops water filling when leak control valve submerges in water completely and water level reaches preset value, at the same time, measures the temperature in water
And record result；
Start high-speed camera (25) and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus (23), and adjust high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus to make
It is directed at Experimental Area, and adjusts the focal length and aperture of high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus；
(2) the progress stage is tested
Oil pump (13) and pressure-control valve (14) are opened, leak control valve is then opened according to experiment preset condition, is sprayed in oil spilling
High-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus capture the leakage underwater rising shape of oil product at leak control valve automatically while penetrating
The image data that state process, high-speed camera and miniature high-speed photographic apparatus are captured is transmitted to computer by memory card and is deposited
Storage closes oil pump, pressure-control valve and leak control valve after primary experiment；Leak control valve opens front and back and passes through liquid respectively
Position meter (12) reads oil product liquid level in oil storage tank and calculates the oil leak amount once tested.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910052305.XA CN109712503A (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | A kind of apparatus and method for simulating underwater oil spilling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910052305.XA CN109712503A (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | A kind of apparatus and method for simulating underwater oil spilling |
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| CN104318845A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for simulating abyssal region underwater oil spillage |
| CN204204304U (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of device of simulating profundal zone oil spilling under water |
| CN104678082A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | Underground oil spilling simulating testing apparatus and operating method thereof |
| CN109060256A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-12-21 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig and method for simulating submarine pipeline oil spilling |
-
2019
- 2019-01-21 CN CN201910052305.XA patent/CN109712503A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104318845A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for simulating abyssal region underwater oil spillage |
| CN204204304U (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of device of simulating profundal zone oil spilling under water |
| CN104678082A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | Underground oil spilling simulating testing apparatus and operating method thereof |
| CN109060256A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-12-21 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig and method for simulating submarine pipeline oil spilling |
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