CN109708335B - Magnetic refrigerating device - Google Patents

Magnetic refrigerating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109708335B
CN109708335B CN201811582894.4A CN201811582894A CN109708335B CN 109708335 B CN109708335 B CN 109708335B CN 201811582894 A CN201811582894 A CN 201811582894A CN 109708335 B CN109708335 B CN 109708335B
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cold
rotary valve
hole
end rotary
magnetic
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CN109708335A (en
Inventor
李大全
汪魁
罗胜
杨蓉
路文博
梁宁波
周鸣宇
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/106127 priority patent/WO2020134200A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a magnetic refrigeration device, comprising: a cold end rotary valve disposed between the cold accumulation bed assembly and the cold end heat exchanger, the cold end rotary valve being rotatable to switch the heat exchange fluid between the cold accumulation bed assembly and the cold end heat exchanger between communicating and closed communication; and/or the cold storage bed component is arranged between the cold storage bed component and the hot end heat exchanger, and the hot end rotary valve can rotate to switch the heat exchange fluid between the cold storage bed component and the hot end heat exchanger between communication and closing communication. The invention effectively cancels the need of connecting a large number of pipelines between the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger and between the cold accumulation bed component and the hot end heat exchanger in the magnetic refrigeration device in the prior art to realize the communication and the closing communication of the flow path, and solves the problems of larger structure and size and not compact structure of the magnetic refrigeration device.

Description

Magnetic refrigerating device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic refrigeration, and particularly relates to a magnetic refrigeration device.
Background
The invention relates to the field of magnetic refrigeration, in particular to a rotary magnetic refrigeration device structure and a flow path system.
With the increasingly obvious disadvantages of the traditional vapor compression refrigeration technology in terms of environmental unfriendliness and heat exchange efficiency, the research and development of novel refrigeration technology (non-vapor compression refrigeration) is pressing. The magnetic refrigeration technology is one of the novel refrigeration technologies with the best development prospect, particularly has outstanding advantages in the aspects of environmental friendliness and high efficiency, and compared with the traditional vapor compression refrigeration, the refrigeration efficiency of the magnetic refrigeration can reach 40-50% of Carnot cycle efficiency and is about 30% higher than that of the traditional compression refrigeration mode; the external magnetic refrigeration mode adopts magnetic materials to carry out solid-liquid heat exchange, and has no gas harmful to the environment; and the magnetic refrigeration device has low operating frequency and generates small noise. With the above advantages, the magnetic refrigeration technology has become a new refrigeration technology which has received the highest attention in recent years. At present, the main research direction is two aspects of development and preparation of magnetic refrigeration materials and design of magnetic refrigeration devices, and the invention is carried out aiming at the latter.
A magnetic refrigeration apparatus is a device for refrigerating using physical properties of a magnetocaloric material, and the technical basis of the apparatus is the magnetocaloric effect of the magnetocaloric material, namely: when a changing magnetic field is applied to the magnetocaloric material, the temperature of the magnetocaloric material is increased or decreased, the magnetic entropy of the material is decreased when the magnetic field strength is increased, heat is released, the temperature is increased, and the magnetic entropy of the material is increased when the magnetic field strength is decreased, heat is absorbed, and the temperature is decreased. A magnetic refrigeration device is therefore generally required to have: the device comprises a variable magnetic field, a magnetic working medium bed (used for placing magnetocaloric materials), heat transfer fluid, a cold end heat exchanger, a hot end heat exchanger and matched power components.
In conventional magnetic refrigeration apparatuses, the motion patterns can be classified into three types: the static type, the reciprocating type and the rotating type, wherein the static type utilizes an electromagnet to generate a variable magnetic field, and has the problems of large winding coil and difficult heat dissipation; the reciprocating type realizes the change of a magnetic field by utilizing the linear reciprocating motion between a magnet and a magnetic working medium bed, and has the problems of low operating frequency and low refrigerating efficiency; the rotary type refrigerating device has the advantages of compact structure, high operating frequency and good refrigerating effect, and is the development direction of the magnetic refrigerating device.
The rotary magnetic refrigeration device has two ways of realizing the changing magnetic field: the rotary magnet or the rotary magnetic working medium bed enables the magnetic working medium to bear alternating field intensity through the relative motion of a magnetic field and the magnetic working medium bed, so that the magnetic working medium continuously generates magnetic-thermal reaction, then the driving part drives the heat exchange fluid to respectively transport the high temperature and the low temperature generated by the magnetic working medium to the hot end heat exchanger and the cold end heat exchanger through the flow path system, and the flow path system continuously circulates corresponding to the rotary motion, so that continuous refrigeration is realized.
The magnetic refrigerating device in the prior art has the technical problems that the flow path connection is complex, a prototype of the practical principle is large, the structure is not compact enough, fluid with large retention volume exists in a pipeline of an end heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency of the magnetic refrigerating machine is reduced, more check valves are needed, the flow path is very complex and the like, so that the magnetic refrigerating device is researched and designed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of complicated flow path connection, large prototype and not compact structure of the practical principle of the magnetic refrigeration device in the prior art, thereby providing the magnetic refrigeration device.
The present invention provides a magnetic refrigeration device, comprising:
a magnet assembly capable of generating an alternating magnetic field;
the cold accumulation bed assembly can accommodate a magnetic working medium so as to enable the magnetic working medium to generate the effects of excitation heat release or demagnetization heat absorption through an alternating magnetic field;
the cold end heat exchanger can enable the heat exchange fluid which is subjected to heat absorption and temperature reduction by the magnetic working medium in the cold accumulation bed assembly to release cold energy in the cold end heat exchanger;
the hot end heat exchanger can enable heat exchange fluid which is heated by heat released by the magnetic working medium in the cold accumulation bed assembly to release heat in the hot end heat exchanger;
the cold end rotary valve is arranged between the cold accumulation bed assembly and the cold end heat exchanger and can rotate to enable the heat exchange fluid between the cold accumulation bed assembly and the cold end heat exchanger to be switched between communication and closed communication;
and/or the cold storage bed component is arranged between the cold storage bed component and the hot end heat exchanger, and the hot end rotary valve can rotate to switch the heat exchange fluid between the cold storage bed component and the hot end heat exchanger between communication and closing communication.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold accumulation bed assembly comprises a cold accumulation bed body with an annular structure and a magnetic gap space arranged on the cold accumulation bed body, wherein a magnetic working medium can be contained in the magnetic gap space, the magnetic gap space is arranged on the axial end face of the cold accumulation bed body along the axial direction, and a through hole is formed in the cold accumulation bed body to allow a heat exchange fluid to enter the magnetic gap space, exchange heat with the magnetic working medium and prevent the magnetic working medium from being separated.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
in the transverse section, the magnetic gap space is of an arc-shaped groove structure; and/or the magnetic gap spaces are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cold accumulation bed body, and the shapes and the sizes of the magnetic gap spaces are equal.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold junction rotary valve includes cold junction rotary valve gap and the rotatory case of cold junction, the rotatory case of cold junction can for the cold junction rotary valve gap is rotatory, be provided with on the rotatory case of cold junction can with the first logical groove of the magnetic gap space intercommunication on the cold-storage bed subassembly, be provided with first through-hole on the cold junction rotary valve cap, work as the rotatory case of cold junction is rotatory to making the magnetic gap space with first logical groove with first through-hole is relative time simultaneously the heat transfer fluid can follow in proper order the magnetic gap space first logical groove with first through-hole flows.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the first through grooves are arc-shaped grooves matched with the magnetic gap in spatial shape, and/or a plurality of first through grooves are distributed on the cold-end rotary valve core along the circumferential direction; and/or the first through holes are formed in the cold end rotary valve cover in a plurality and are distributed on the cold end rotary valve cover along the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold end rotary valve cover is of an annular structure, the cold end rotary valve core is also of an annular structure, the first through hole is a through hole which is axially communicated on the cold end rotary valve cover, and the first through groove is a through groove which is axially communicated on the cold end rotary valve core.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
at least one first through groove and at least one first through groove in the plurality of first through grooves have unequal distance from the circle center of the cold-end rotary valve core; the distance between at least one first through hole and the center of the cold end rotary valve core is unequal; the first through groove located on the radial inner side and the first through hole located on the radial inner side can form axial opposition through rotation of the cold end rotary valve element, and the first through groove located on the radial outer side and the first through hole located on the radial outer side can form axial opposition through rotation of the cold end rotary valve element.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold end heat exchanger is including being located its inside first heat exchange pipeline and second heat exchange pipeline, wherein first heat exchange pipeline with at least one magnetic gap space intercommunication of cold-storage bed subassembly, second heat exchange pipeline and at least one magnetic gap space intercommunication, just first heat exchange pipeline and second heat exchange pipeline are each other not linked together, and the heat transfer fluid is in flow, the heat transfer fluid is in along the first direction all the time in the first heat exchange pipeline flow, the second direction all the time in the second heat exchange pipeline along the second direction, just the first direction with the second direction is inequality.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
when at least one first through groove exists in the plurality of first through grooves, the distance between the at least one first through groove and the circle center of the cold end rotary valve core is unequal; when at least one first through hole and at least one first through hole are not equal to the distance between the first through hole and the circle center of the cold end rotary valve core:
the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the first through hole positioned on the radial outer side, and the outlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the first through hole positioned on the radial inner side; and/or the inlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the first through hole positioned on the radial outer side, and the outlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the first through hole positioned on the radial inner side.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the hot end rotary valve comprises a hot end rotary valve cover and a hot end rotary valve core, the hot end rotary valve core can rotate relative to the hot end rotary valve cover, a second through groove capable of being axially communicated with a magnetic gap space on the cold accumulation bed assembly is formed in the hot end rotary valve core, a second through hole is axially formed in the hot end rotary valve cover, and when the hot end rotary valve core rotates to enable the magnetic gap space to be opposite to the second through hole and the second through groove at the same time, heat exchange fluid can sequentially flow into the magnetic gap space from the second through groove and the second through hole.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
and when the hot end rotary valve core rotates to the position opposite to the third through hole and the third through groove, fluid can enter the lower part of the hot end rotary valve core through the third through hole and the third through groove in sequence.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the hot end rotary valve cover comprises an annular end plate and an annular outer edge which is connected to the radial outer edge of the end plate and extends towards the axial direction, the third through hole and the second through hole are located on the same circumferential direction of the hot end rotary valve cover, the second through hole is formed in the end plate and is communicated with the end plate in the axial direction, and the third through hole is formed in the annular outer edge and is communicated with the end plate in the radial direction.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
a through fourth through hole is further formed in the cold accumulation bed assembly along the radial direction, one end of the fourth through hole is communicated with the magnetic gap space, the other end of the fourth through hole can be communicated to one end of the hot end heat exchanger, and the other end of the hot end heat exchanger can be communicated to the third through groove of the hot end rotary valve core; and/or the second through groove is also an arc-shaped groove matched with the space shape of the magnetic gap.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the hot end heat exchanger comprises two hot end heat exchangers, wherein one hot end heat exchanger can be communicated with one end of the hot end rotary valve, and the other hot end heat exchanger can be communicated with the other end of the hot end rotary valve.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold accumulation bed component is also of an annular structure and is arranged in a radial gap between the rotor component and the stator component; the rotor assembly comprises at least one fan-shaped structure or fan-shaped annular structure, and the rotor assembly can rotate in the radial inner side space of the cold accumulation bed assembly to form an alternating magnetic field.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the rotor subassembly includes in the circumferential direction and be two fan ring shape structures of central symmetry distribution.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
also includes a piston pump assembly;
the piston pump assembly and the cold accumulation bed assembly can be communicated, and the heat exchange fluid between the piston pump assembly and the cold accumulation bed assembly can be switched between communication and closed communication through the hot end rotary valve or the cold end rotary valve.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the piston pump assembly comprises an annular multi-cavity piston cylinder barrel, the multi-cavity piston cylinder barrel comprises a radial inner wall, a radial outer wall and a compression space located between the radial inner wall and the radial outer wall, and the compression space penetrates through the multi-cavity piston cylinder barrel along the axial direction;
the piston pump assembly further comprises pistons capable of axially reciprocating in the compression spaces, and each compression space is correspondingly provided with one piston;
the piston pump assembly further comprises a cylindrical cam, and an accommodating groove is formed in the peripheral surface of the cam along the circumferential direction;
one end of the piston is clamped in the compression space, the other end of the piston is clamped in the accommodating groove, and therefore when the cam rotates, the one end of the piston can be driven to reciprocate in the compression space along with the change of the circumferential shape of the accommodating groove.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the distance between the containing groove and the center between the axial lower end faces of the cylindrical cam is gradually increased, gradually decreased, gradually increased again and gradually decreased again along the circumferential direction, so that the piston is driven by the rotation of the containing groove to perform reciprocating motion of rising, falling, re-rising and re-falling.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold storage bed component is arranged in the cold end rotary valve, and the rotary driving shaft is connected with the cam, the hot end rotary valve and the cold end rotary valve simultaneously so as to drive the cam, the hot end rotary valve and the cold end rotary valve to rotate simultaneously.
The magnetic refrigeration device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the cold end rotary valve and/or the hot end rotary valve are arranged, so that the cold end rotary valve is connected and arranged between the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger, the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger can be communicated and closed through the cold end rotary valve, the hot end rotary valve is connected and arranged between the cold accumulation bed component and the hot end heat exchanger, and the cold accumulation bed component and the hot end heat exchanger can be communicated and closed through the hot end rotary valve, thereby effectively canceling the problem that a large number of pipelines are required to be connected between the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger and between the cold accumulation bed component and the hot end heat exchanger in the magnetic refrigeration device in the prior art to realize the communication and closing of the flow path, effectively solving the problems of large structure and size and non-compact;
2. and the magnetic refrigerating device of the invention adopts the cold end rotary valve and the hot end rotary valve, and also effectively replaces the structural form that a plurality of check valves or other control valves need to be arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold storage bed and the cold end heat exchanger in the original magnetic refrigerator, and cancels the structural form that a plurality of check valves or other control valves need to be arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold storage bed and the hot end heat exchanger in the original magnetic refrigerator, thereby further omitting a large number of valve components, further leading the structure and the flow path to be simpler and more compact, and further effectively realizing the miniaturization and simplification of the structure.
3. The invention also sets two cold end heat exchange flow path structure, to make the heat exchange fluid enter the first cold end heat exchange flow path to refrigerate after passing the first cold accumulation bed, and enter the second cold end heat exchange flow path to refrigerate after passing the second cold accumulation bed, to avoid reversely entering the first cold end heat exchange flow path to refrigerate, to eliminate the reflux of the fluid in the pipe between the cold accumulation bed and the cold end heat exchanger when only one cold end heat exchange flow path is provided, to effectively prevent or reduce the retention volume of the heat exchange fluid in the pipe system and the heat exchanger, to reduce the influence of the retention volume to the system performance, to make the pipe and the cold and hot end heat exchange have no retention volume, to improve the magnetic refrigeration system greatly, to improve the heat exchange efficiency greatly.
4. The invention also adopts the annular multi-cavity piston cylinder and the cold accumulation bed to be matched with the piston cylinder, so that the cold accumulation bed is connected with the piston cylinder through the hot end rotary valve without being connected through a pipeline, the structure is compact and miniaturized, and the multi-cavity piston cylinder can realize the effect of simultaneously compressing or sucking the multiple cylinder bodies, for example, the preferred embodiment of the invention is four piston cylinders, the effect of simultaneously compressing or sucking the four cylinder bodies is realized through one device, and the efficiency is greatly improved; and the cylindrical cam is used as a fluid driving mechanism of the magnetic refrigerator, so that the simultaneous reciprocating up-and-down motion of four or more pistons in the circumferential direction is effectively realized, the efficiency is higher, and the system is more compact.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general assembly of the magnetic refrigeration unit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the magnetic refrigeration unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view in the direction D-D of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention taken along the line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention taken along the line B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention taken along the direction C-C of FIG. 3;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of the region of the permanent magnet member and the cold accumulation bed member in the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of a cold end rotary valve in the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a hot end rotary valve in the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a perspective view of a multi-chamber piston cam mechanism in the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic refrigeration flow path of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention (the piping and valves are shown symbolically only to facilitate the understanding of the fluid flow process, and are actually replaced by a warm-side rotary valve and a cold-side rotary valve).
The reference numbers in the figures denote:
1. a magnet assembly; 11. a rotor assembly; 12. a stator assembly; 2. a cold storage bed assembly; 21. a cold accumulation bed body; 211. a through hole; 22. a magnetic gap space; 23. a fourth via hole; 24. an upper cover of the cold accumulation bed; 25. a magnetic working medium; 3. a cold end heat exchanger; 31. a first heat exchange line; 32. a second heat exchange line; 4. a hot end heat exchanger; 5. a cold end rotary valve; 51. a cold end rotary valve cover; 511. a first through hole; 52. a cold end rotating valve core; 521. a first through groove; 6. a hot end rotary valve; 61. a hot end rotary valve cover; 611. a second through hole; 612. a third through hole; 613. an end plate; 614. an annular outer rim; 62. the hot end rotates the valve core; 621. a second through groove; 622. a third through groove; 7. a piston pump assembly; 71. a multi-chamber piston cylinder; 72. compressing the space; 73. a piston; 731. a piston rod; 74. a cam; 741. accommodating grooves; 75. a lower end cover; 8. a rotary drive shaft; 9. a pipeline.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides a magnetic refrigerator, comprising:
a magnet assembly 1 capable of generating an alternating magnetic field;
the cold accumulation bed component 2 can contain a magnetic working medium so as to enable the magnetic working medium to generate the effects of excitation heat release or demagnetization heat absorption through an alternating magnetic field;
the cold end heat exchanger 3 can enable the heat exchange fluid which is subjected to heat absorption and temperature reduction by the magnetic working medium in the cold accumulation bed component to release cold energy in the cold end heat exchanger 3;
the hot end heat exchanger 4 can enable heat exchange fluid which is heated by heat released by the magnetic working medium in the cold accumulation bed assembly to release heat in the hot end heat exchanger 4;
the cold end rotary valve 5 is arranged between the cold accumulation bed component 2 and the cold end heat exchanger 3, and the cold end rotary valve can rotate to enable the heat exchange fluid between the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger 3 to be switched between communication and closed communication;
and/or the cold storage bed component also comprises a hot end rotary valve 6, wherein the hot end rotary valve 6 is arranged between the cold storage bed component 2 and the hot end heat exchanger 4, and the hot end rotary valve 6 can rotate to switch the communication and the closing communication of the heat exchange fluid between the cold storage bed component 2 and the hot end heat exchanger 4.
The invention can lead the cold end rotary valve to be connected and arranged between the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger through the cold end rotary valve and lead the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger to be communicated and closed through the cold end rotary valve and lead the hot end rotary valve to be connected and arranged between the cold accumulation bed component and the hot end heat exchanger and lead the cold accumulation bed component and the hot end heat exchanger to be communicated and closed through the hot end rotary valve, thereby effectively canceling the problems that the magnetic refrigeration device in the prior art needs to be connected with a large number of pipelines between the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger and between the cold accumulation bed component and the hot end heat exchanger to realize the communication and the closing of the flow path, effectively solving the problems that the magnetic refrigeration device has larger structure and size and is not compact in structure, and.
And the magnetic refrigerating device of the invention adopts the cold end rotary valve and the hot end rotary valve, and also effectively replaces the structural form that a plurality of check valves or other control valves need to be arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold storage bed and the cold end heat exchanger in the original magnetic refrigerator, and cancels the structural form that a plurality of check valves or other control valves need to be arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold storage bed and the hot end heat exchanger in the original magnetic refrigerator, thereby further omitting a large number of valve components, further leading the structure and the flow path to be simpler and more compact, and further effectively realizing the miniaturization and simplification of the structure.
The invention is characterized in that:
1. the mechanical motion mechanism is adopted as a fluid flow direction control valve to replace a one-way valve, so that the system is provided with only two valve mechanisms totally, a pipeline is not arranged between the piston cylinder and the cold accumulation bed, the piston cylinder and the cold accumulation bed are directly connected, and a pipeline system is simplified to a great extent.
2. The annular multi-cavity piston cylinder and the tile-shaped cold storage bed are matched with the piston cylinder, so that the cold storage bed is connected with the piston cylinder without a pipeline.
3. The design of adding a cold end heat exchanger and a bypass avoids the retention volume of heat exchange fluid in a pipeline system and the heat exchanger, and improves the heat exchange efficiency. )
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold accumulation bed component 2 comprises a cold accumulation bed body 21 with an annular structure and a magnetic gap space 22 arranged on the cold accumulation bed body 21, wherein a magnetic working medium can be contained in the magnetic gap space 22, the magnetic gap space 22 is axially arranged on the axial end face of the cold accumulation bed body 21, and a through hole 211 is formed in the cold accumulation bed body 21 to allow a heat exchange fluid to enter the magnetic gap space to exchange heat with the magnetic working medium and prevent the magnetic working medium from being separated.
The cold accumulation bed component is in an optimal structure form, namely, a magnetic working medium can be accommodated in the magnetic gap space through the cold accumulation bed body and the magnetic gap space arranged on the cold accumulation bed component, the magnetic working medium can generate the effects of refrigerating, heat absorbing and heat releasing along with the change of an alternating magnetic field, the magnetic gap space can also allow a heat exchange fluid to enter the magnetic gap space to exchange heat with the magnetic working medium, the magnetic gap space is arranged along the axial direction, so that the heat exchange fluid can enter the magnetic gap space from the axial direction and axially flow out of the magnetic gap space to enter a cold end heat exchanger or a hot end heat exchanger, and the end face of the magnetic gap space is provided with a cold accumulation bed upper cover and a cold accumulation bed lower cover for preventing the magnetic working medium from coming out of the magnetic gap space.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
in a transverse cross section, the magnetic gap space 22 is of an arc-shaped groove structure; and/or, the magnetic gap spaces 22 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cold storage bed body 21, the shapes and the sizes of the magnetic gap spaces 22 are equal, and the number of the magnetic gap spaces is preferably 4. The magnetic gap space is in an optimal structure form, the magnetic gap space can be matched with the circular-ring-shaped cold accumulation bed body in shape by arranging an arc-shaped groove structure, and a plurality of magnetic gap spaces can form a plurality of cold accumulation bed units which work simultaneously, namely the magnetic working medium is heated or cooled at a plurality of positions simultaneously, so that the efficiency is further improved, and the structure is more compact. And the length of one magnetic gap space in the circumferential direction corresponds to the rotor assembly of one fan-shaped structure or one fan-shaped annular structure.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold end rotary valve 5 comprises a cold end rotary valve cover 51 and a cold end rotary valve core 52, the cold end rotary valve core 52 can rotate relative to the cold end rotary valve cover 51, a first through groove 521 which can be communicated with the magnetic gap space 22 on the cold accumulation bed component 2 is arranged on the cold end rotary valve core 52, a first through hole 511 is arranged on the cold end rotary valve cover 51, and when the cold end rotary valve core 52 rotates to enable the magnetic gap space 22 to face the first through groove 521 and the first through hole 511 at the same time, the heat exchange fluid can flow out of the magnetic gap space 22, the first through groove 521 and the first through hole 511 in sequence.
The cold end rotary valve is in a preferred structural form, and particularly can be seen in fig. 8, namely, the cold end rotary valve cover and the cold end rotary valve core are matched, the cold end rotary valve core can rotate, the cold end rotary valve core is fixed, and the first through groove in the valve core and the first through hole in the valve cover can be communicated and closed through rotation in the cold end rotating direction, so that the opening and closing functions of opening a flow path between the cold storage bed and the cold end heat exchanger are formed, a plurality of check valves and other complex valve assemblies in the original structure are effectively omitted, a complex flow path is omitted, and the structure is simpler, more compact and more miniaturized.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the first through grooves 521 are arc-shaped grooves matched with the shape of the magnetic gap space 22, and/or a plurality of first through grooves 521 are distributed on the cold-end rotary valve core 52 along the circumferential direction; and/or the first through holes 511 are formed in the cold-end rotary valve cover 51 and are circumferentially distributed on the cold-end rotary valve cover 51. The first through grooves and the first through holes are matched with the magnetic gap space in shape, the fluid with the maximum flow can be received from the magnetic gap space to the maximum extent, the heat exchange fluid with the maximum flow can be released into the magnetic gap space, the first through grooves and the first through holes are correspondingly arranged in each magnetic gap space, the heat exchange fluid in each magnetic gap space can be output to the cold end heat exchanger through the adjustment of the cold end rotary valve, or the heat exchange fluid in each magnetic gap space can be output to each magnetic gap space from the cold end heat exchanger, and the efficiency is maximized.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold-end rotary valve cover 51 is of a circular structure, the cold-end rotary valve core 52 is also of a circular structure, the first through hole 511 is a through hole axially penetrating through the cold-end rotary valve cover 51, and the first through groove 521 is a through groove axially penetrating through the cold-end rotary valve core 52. The cold end rotary valve cover and the cold end rotary valve core are in the preferred structural form and the preferred arrangement form of the first through hole and the first through groove, the annular structure can be effectively matched with the cold accumulation bed body, and the through hole and the through groove which are axially communicated can enable the fluid to be changed to reach the cold end rotary valve from the cold accumulation bed or the magnetic gap space from the cold end rotary valve along the axial direction when the cold end rotary valve cover is arranged at one axial end of the cold accumulation bed, so that the structure is effectively integrated, and the structure is more compact and miniaturized.
As shown in fig. 8, the cold-end rotary valve is composed of a cold-end rotary valve cover 51 and a cold-end rotary valve core 52, and the function of the cold-end rotary valve is to perform periodic flow direction control on axial fluid.
4 water outlet holes are uniformly distributed on two concentric circles with different diameters of the cold end rotary valve cover 51 and are used for being connected with the cold end heat exchanger, and the cold end rotary valve cover 51 is fixed with the cold accumulation bed; also respectively arranged 2 arc mouths on the concentric circles of two different diameters on cold end rotary valve core 52, totally 4 arc mouths become 90 distributions respectively, and the valve core equals with the inside and outside concentric circles diameter of valve gap, and cold end rotary valve core 52 is rotating part, and the cold end rotary valve realizes the switching of each delivery port on cold end rotary valve cover 51 through the rotation of cold end rotary valve core 52 promptly. At the moment in the figure, the arc-shaped openings (the first through grooves 521) of the cold-end rotary valve core 52 coincide with the first through holes 511 of the cold-end rotary valve cover 51 respectively, and at this moment, the fluid coming out of the cold accumulation bed can pass through the flow channel with the arc-shaped openings overlapped with the water outlet, otherwise, the fluid cannot pass through the flow channel.
The control core of the valve lies in the periodical coincidence and dislocation of the water outlets and the arc-shaped openings distributed on the cold end rotary valve cover 51 and the cold end rotary valve core 52, thereby realizing the control function of periodical flow direction opening and closing and flow paths.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
in the first through grooves 521, at least one first through groove 521 and at least one first through groove 521 have unequal intervals from the center of the cold-end rotary valve element 52; in the plurality of first through holes 511, at least one first through hole 511 and at least one first through hole 511 have unequal distances from the center of the cold end rotary valve core 52; the first through groove 521 located on the radially inner side and the first through hole 511 located on the radially inner side can be axially opposed by rotation of the cold-end rotary valve element 52, and the first through groove 521 located on the radially outer side and the first through hole 511 located on the radially outer side can be axially opposed by rotation of the cold-end rotary valve element 52.
The first through grooves and the first through holes on the cold end rotary valve are further preferred in structural form, namely the first through grooves with different center distances (circle centers of the cold end rotary valve core) exist in the plurality of first through grooves, the arrangement form is that the first through grooves with different center distances can be correspondingly and respectively communicated with two or more heat exchange flow paths on the cold end heat exchanger, two or more heat exchange flow paths are arranged, the heat exchange fluid can enter the first cold end heat exchange flow path for refrigeration after being refrigerated by the first cold accumulation bed, and enters the second cold end heat exchange flow path for refrigeration after being refrigerated by the second cold accumulation bed without reversely entering the first cold end heat exchange flow path for refrigeration, and the backflow of fluid in the pipeline between the cold accumulation bed and the cold end heat exchanger when the flow direction is switched when only one cold end heat exchange flow path is eliminated, thereby prevent effectively or reduced the heat transfer fluid's in pipe-line system and the heat exchanger detention volume, alleviateed the influence of detention volume to system performance for all do not have the detention volume in pipeline and the cold and hot end heat transfer, magnetic refrigeration system has had very big improvement, and heat exchange efficiency has obtained very big promotion.
It is further preferable that the number of the first through grooves 521 is four, and a distance between a center line of at least one of the first through grooves 521 and a center of the cold-end rotary valve element is equal and is a first distance, and a distance between a center line of at least one of the first through grooves 521 and a center of the cold-end rotary valve element is equal and is a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance, and two through grooves with the first distance are adjacently disposed, and two through grooves with the second distance are adjacently disposed.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold end heat exchanger 3 comprises a first heat exchange pipeline 31 and a second heat exchange pipeline 32 which are positioned inside the cold end heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchange pipeline 31 is communicated with at least one magnetic gap space 22 of the cold accumulation bed assembly 2, the second heat exchange pipeline 32 is communicated with at least one magnetic gap space 22, the first heat exchange pipeline 31 and the second heat exchange pipeline 32 are not communicated with each other, heat exchange fluid is in the first heat exchange pipeline 31 to flow along a first direction all the time, heat exchange fluid is in the second heat exchange pipeline 32 to flow along a second direction all the time, and the first direction is different from the second direction.
Two or more heat exchange flow paths (or called heat exchange pipelines, the same below) are arranged, so that heat exchange fluid enters the first cold end heat exchange flow path for refrigeration after being refrigerated by the first cold accumulation bed, and enters the second cold end heat exchange flow path for refrigeration after being refrigerated by the second cold accumulation bed, and does not need to reversely enter the first cold end heat exchange flow path for refrigeration, the backflow of fluid in the pipeline between the cold accumulation bed and the cold end heat exchanger when the flow direction is switched when only one cold end heat exchange flow path is eliminated, thereby effectively preventing or reducing the retention volume of the heat exchange fluid in the pipeline system and the heat exchanger, reducing the influence of the retention volume on the system performance, ensuring that the pipeline and the cold and hot end heat exchange do not have the retention volume, greatly improving the magnetic refrigeration system, and greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency.
The principle schematic of the magnetic refrigerator system of the present invention is shown in fig. 11 (the piping and valves are shown symbolically only to facilitate the understanding of the fluid flow process, but are actually replaced by a hot side rotary valve and a cold side rotary valve):
the basic principle of magnetic refrigeration is that a permanent magnet is used for magnetizing or demagnetizing a magnetic working medium in a cold storage bed, so that the magnetic working medium generates a magnetocaloric effect to dissipate or absorb heat, and heat or cold generated by the magnetic working medium is brought to a hot end or a cold end through a heat exchange fluid, so that refrigeration cycle is realized. The following two flow phases were analyzed in conjunction with fig. 11:
first stage (solid arrow flow): the permanent magnet demagnetizes the cold accumulation bed component 2 (positioned on the upper part of the pipeline), so that the cold accumulation bed component 2 absorbs heat to generate cold energy, meanwhile, the piston pump component 7 (the upper part) pushes to compress the fluid in the rodless cavity (the piston pump component 7 (the lower part) simultaneously stretches the fluid in the rodless cavity), and the cold fluid in the cold accumulation bed component 2 is pressed into the cold end heat exchanger 3 (the first heat exchange pipeline 31) by pressure to exchange heat; and synchronous with the front end flow path, the cold accumulation bed component 2 (the part below the pipeline) is magnetized by the permanent magnet to release heat, and the hot fluid in the cold accumulation bed component 2 flows to the hot end heat exchanger 4 at the lower end under the pressure effect to dissipate heat. The whole process can be briefly described as follows: through the push stroke of the piston at the upper end and the return stroke of the piston at the lower end, cold fluid in the cold accumulation bed at the upper end is pushed to the first heat exchange pipeline 31, namely the cold end for heat exchange, and hot fluid in the cold accumulation bed at the lower end is pushed to the hot end heat exchanger 4 at the lower end for heat dissipation.
Second stage (dotted arrow flow): the permanent magnet demagnetizes the cold accumulation bed assembly 2 at the lower end to absorb heat and generate cold energy, meanwhile, the piston pump assembly 7 at the lower end pushes to compress the fluid in the rodless cavity (the piston pump assembly 7 at the upper end simultaneously stretches the fluid in the rodless cavity), and the cold fluid in the cold accumulation bed at the lower end is pressed into a second heat exchange pipeline 32 in the cold end heat exchanger by pressure to exchange heat; and synchronous with the front end flow path, the cold accumulation bed component 2 at the upper end is magnetized by the permanent magnet to release heat, and the hot fluid in the cold accumulation bed component flows to the hot end heat exchanger 4 at the upper end under the pressure effect to dissipate heat. The whole process can be briefly described as follows: through the push stroke of the piston at the lower end and the return stroke of the piston at the upper end, cold fluid in the cold accumulation bed at the lower end is pushed to the second heat exchange pipeline 32, namely the cold end for heat exchange, and hot fluid in the cold accumulation bed at the upper end is pushed to the hot end heat exchanger 4 at the upper end for heat dissipation.
The magnetic refrigerator of the present invention is realized by the cyclic operation of the first process and the second process. Compared with the traditional flow path system shown in figure 4, the flow path system has the advantages that two cold end heat exchangers with independent pipelines are used in the first half period and the second half period of the system in the same basic flow path, so that the backflow of fluid in a pipeline between the cold storage bed and the cold end heat exchangers during flow direction switching is eliminated, and the influence of the retention volume on the system performance is greatly reduced. The whole system is greatly improved, so that no detention volume exists in heat exchange between the pipeline and the cold and hot ends, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
when at least one first through groove 521 exists in the plurality of first through grooves 521, the distance between the at least one first through groove 521 and the center of the cold-end rotary valve core 52 is not equal; when at least one first through hole 511 exists in the plurality of first through holes 511, and the distance between the at least one first through hole 511 and the center of the cold-end rotary valve element 52 is not equal:
the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline 31 is communicated with the first through hole 511 positioned at the radial outer side, and the outlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline 31 is communicated with the first through hole 511 positioned at the radial inner side; and/or the inlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline 32 is communicated with the first through hole 511 positioned at the radial outer side, and the outlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline 32 is communicated with the first through hole 511 positioned at the radial inner side. This is a preferable connection manner and connection relationship between the two heat exchange flow paths of the present invention and the first through holes (including the first through hole located on the radially inner side and the first through hole located on the radially outer side) and the first through grooves (including the first through groove located on the radially inner side and the first through groove located on the radially outer side).
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
as shown in fig. 9, the hot-end rotary valve 6 includes a hot-end rotary valve cover 61 and a hot-end rotary valve core 62, the hot-end rotary valve core 62 can rotate relative to the hot-end rotary valve cover 61, a second through groove 621 capable of axially communicating with the magnetic gap space 22 on the cold storage bed component 2 is disposed on the hot-end rotary valve core 62, a second through hole 611 is disposed on the hot-end rotary valve cover 61 along the axial direction, and when the hot-end rotary valve core 62 rotates to make the magnetic gap space 22 opposite to the second through hole 611 and the second through groove 621 at the same time, the heat exchange fluid can sequentially flow into the magnetic gap space 22 from the second through groove 621 and the second through hole 611.
The hot end rotary valve is a preferred structural form of the hot end rotary valve, and particularly can be seen in fig. 9, namely, the hot end rotary valve cover and the hot end rotary valve core are matched, the hot end rotary valve core can rotate, the hot end rotary valve core is fixed, and the second through groove in the valve core can be communicated with and closed by the rotation of the hot end in the rotating direction, so that the opening and closing functions of opening a flow path between the cold storage bed and the hot end heat exchanger are formed, a plurality of check valves and other complex valve assemblies in the original structure are effectively omitted, the complex flow path is omitted, and the structure is simpler, more compact and more miniaturized.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
a third through hole 622 is further formed in the hot end rotary valve element 62 at a position different from the second through groove 621 in the circumferential direction along the radial direction, a third through hole 612 is further formed in the hot end rotary valve cover 61 along the radial direction, and when the hot end rotary valve element 62 rotates to a position where the third through hole 612 and the third through groove 622 are opposite, fluid can enter the lower portion of the hot end rotary valve element 62 through the third through hole 612 and the third through groove 622 in sequence.
The hot end rotary valve is further optimized in structural form, the third through groove is formed in the valve core in the radial direction, the third through hole is formed in the valve cover in the radial direction, so that heat exchange fluid can enter the hot end rotary valve from the third through hole and the third through groove and can be discharged downwards or enter the hot end rotary valve from the lower part and can be discharged from the radial third through hole, and the connection mode is suitable for being communicated with a hot end heat exchanger outside the cold accumulation bed assembly.
As shown in fig. 9, similar to the cold-end rotary valve, the hot-end rotary valve also comprises a hot-end rotary valve cover 61 and a hot-end rotary valve core 62, the hot-end rotary valve cover 61 is fixed, and the opening and closing of the flow passage are controlled by the rotation of the hot-end rotary valve core 62. The hot end rotary valve can control the flow channels in two directions, namely an axial flow channel and a radial flow channel. In the same principle, the hot end rotary valve also enables the through hole (or the channel) on the valve core to be periodically overlapped or dislocated with the water outlet on the valve cover through the rotation of the valve core, thereby realizing the multi-flow direction control of the hot end rotary valve.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the hot end rotary valve cover 61 comprises an annular end plate 613 and an annular outer edge 614 connected to the radial outer edge of the end plate and extending in the axial direction, the third through hole 612 and the second through hole 611 are located on the same circumferential direction of the hot end rotary valve cover 61, the second through hole 611 is arranged on the end plate 613 and penetrates in the axial direction, and the third through hole 612 is arranged on the annular outer edge 614 and penetrates in the radial direction. The valve cover and the valve core of the hot end rotary valve are further preferred in structural form, the third through hole can be effectively formed in the annular outer edge, the third through hole and the second through hole are located at the same circumferential position, the hot end is rotated in the rotating direction, the second through groove and the second through hole are axially communicated, and the third through groove and the third through hole are radially communicated to achieve axial fluid communication.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
referring to fig. 4-6, a through fourth through hole 23 is further formed in the cold accumulation bed assembly 2 along the radial direction, one end of the fourth through hole 23 is communicated with the magnetic gap space 22, the other end of the fourth through hole can be communicated with one end of the hot end heat exchanger 4, and the other end of the hot end heat exchanger 4 can be communicated with the third through groove 622 of the hot end rotary valve element 62; and/or, the second through slot 621 is also an arc slot matching with the shape of the magnetic gap space 22. The fluid in the magnetic gap space of the cold accumulation bed can be communicated with an external hot end heat exchanger through the radial through hole by the fourth through hole arranged in the radial direction, the other end of the hot end heat exchanger is communicated to the hot end rotary valve and finally enters the compression cavity of the piston pump, so that the effective communication between the fluid in the cold accumulation bed and the hot end heat exchanger, the hot end rotary valve and the piston pump is realized, a large number of pipelines and valves are omitted, and the structure is simple and easy to process and realize.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the hot-end heat exchanger 4 comprises two hot-end heat exchangers, wherein one hot-end heat exchanger can be communicated with one end of the hot-end rotary valve 6, and the other hot-end heat exchanger can be communicated with the other end of the hot-end rotary valve 6. The hot end heat exchanger is in a preferred structure form, namely, as shown in fig. 4-6, the two sides of the hot end heat exchanger are two, two magnetic refrigeration processes are simultaneously carried out, the efficiency maximization is realized, and the structure is simplified.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
as shown in fig. 3, the magnet assembly 1 includes a rotor assembly 11 and a stator assembly 12, the stator assembly 12 is an annular structure, and the cold storage bed assembly 2 is also an annular structure and is arranged in a radial gap between the rotor assembly 11 and the stator assembly 12; preferably, the rotor assembly is a permanent magnet rotor assembly and the stator assembly is a permanent magnet stator assembly. The rotor assembly 11 comprises at least one fan-shaped structure or fan-shaped ring structure in the circumferential direction, and the rotor assembly 11 can rotate in the radial inner space of the cold storage bed assembly 2 to form an alternating magnetic field. The magnetic refrigeration device is an optimal structure form of the magnet assembly, as shown in fig. 3, the rotor assembly is arranged to be a fan-shaped structure or a fan-shaped structure, and the stator assembly is an annular structure, so that the rotor assembly can generate an alternating magnetic field in the circumferential direction when the rotor assembly rotates in the stator assembly, and the excitation or demagnetization of magnetic working media in different magnetic gap spaces of the cold storage bed is realized at the part of the rotor opposite to the circumferential direction of the stator and the part of the rotor not opposite to the circumferential direction of the stator, so that the simultaneous implementation of a plurality of magnetic refrigeration and heating processes is realized, and the efficiency maximization is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the permanent magnet components include a rotor assembly 11 (preferably a permanent magnet rotor), a stator assembly 12 (preferably a permanent magnet stator); the cold accumulation bed component 2 is fixed with the permanent magnet stator. The permanent magnet rotor rotates along with the main shaft, when the phases of the permanent magnet rotor and the stator are overlapped, a magnetic field is formed, the cold accumulation bed is magnetized, and when the phases of the rotor and the stator are completely overlapped, the magnetizing process is completed; after the magnetization is finished, the phase positions of the rotor and the stator begin to shift, at the moment, the cold accumulation bed is demagnetized, and when the phase positions of the rotor and the stator completely deviate, the demagnetization process is finished. The continuous demagnetization of the magnetic working medium is realized through the reciprocating circulation of the process, so that the magnetic working medium continuously releases heat and absorbs heat.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the rotor assembly 11 includes two sector ring structures distributed in a central symmetry manner in the circumferential direction. This is a further preferred form of construction of the rotor assembly of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, which is a symmetrical two segment configuration, i.e. each segment occupies a portion 1/4 in the circumferential direction, and two segments occupy a portion 1/2 in the circumferential direction, thereby effecting the excitation of magnetic flux in two flux gap spaces in its direction of rotation and the demagnetization of magnetic flux in the other two flux gap spaces.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
also comprises a piston pump assembly 7;
the piston pump assembly 7 and the cold accumulation bed assembly 2 can be communicated, and the heat exchange fluid between the piston pump assembly 7 and the cold accumulation bed assembly 2 can be switched between communication and closed communication through the hot end rotary valve 6 or the cold end rotary valve 5.
The driving part of the magnetic refrigeration device has a structural form, and the piston pump assembly and the cold accumulation bed are matched with the driving part, so that the cold accumulation bed is connected with the piston cylinder through the hot end rotary valve without being connected through a pipeline, and the structure is compact and miniaturized; the multi-cavity piston cylinder can realize the effect of simultaneously compressing or sucking the multi-cylinder bodies, for example, the preferred embodiment of the invention is four piston cylinders, the effect of simultaneously compressing or sucking the four cylinder bodies is realized by one device, and the efficiency is greatly improved; and the cylindrical cam is used as a fluid driving mechanism of the magnetic refrigerator, so that the simultaneous reciprocating up-and-down motion of four or more pistons in the circumferential direction is effectively realized, the efficiency is higher, and the system is more compact.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the piston pump assembly 7 comprises an annular multi-chamber piston cylinder 71, the multi-chamber piston cylinder 71 comprises a radially inner wall, a radially outer wall and a compression space 72 between the radially inner wall and the radially outer wall, the compression space 72 penetrates the multi-chamber piston cylinder 71 in the axial direction;
the piston pump assembly 7 further comprises pistons 73 capable of axially reciprocating in the compression spaces 72, one piston 73 being disposed in each compression space 72;
the piston pump assembly 7 further comprises a cylindrical cam 74, and an accommodating groove 741 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the cam 74 along the circumferential direction;
one end of the piston 73 is clamped in the compression space 72, and the other end of the piston is clamped in the accommodating groove 741, so that when the cam 74 rotates, the one end of the piston 73 is driven to reciprocate in the compression space 72 along with the change of the circumferential shape of the accommodating groove 741.
This is a further preferred embodiment of the piston pump assembly according to the invention, namely a multi-chamber piston cylinder, a compression space arranged therein, and a piston which can be moved therein, the reciprocating movement of the piston being effected by a rotary movement of a cylindrical cam, two opposing pistons moving synchronously upwards and two opposing pistons moving synchronously downwards during a single rotation of the cam.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the center-to-center distance between the accommodation groove 741 and the axial lower end surface of the cylindrical cam 74 is distributed in a gradually increasing, gradually decreasing, gradually increasing again, and gradually decreasing again in the circumferential direction, so that the piston 73 is driven by the rotation of the accommodation groove 741 to perform reciprocating motions of ascending, descending, re-ascending, and re-descending.
As shown in fig. 10, the multi-cavity piston cam mechanism is used as a driving mechanism and has the function of driving the fluid of the magnetic refrigeration system to circularly flow. The mechanism consists of a cylindrical cam and a multi-cavity piston cylinder, wherein the cylindrical cam is directly connected with a main shaft through key connection, and when a motor drives the main shaft to rotate, the cylindrical cam rotates.
The cylindrical cam surface is provided with a track profile (namely, a containing groove 741) corresponding to the circulation period of the flow path, the bottom of a piston rod of the multi-cavity piston cylinder is provided with a roller which is in contact with the track of the cam groove, when the cam rotates, the roller in contact with the cam is reciprocated up and down under the action of the pushing force (or the pulling force) and the friction force of the cam groove, and the motion rule of the roller is determined by the track equation of the cam groove.
The multi-chamber piston cylinder 71 is cylindrical in shape, four tile-shaped chambers are uniformly distributed in the thick wall of the multi-chamber piston cylinder, and the piston 73 is matched with the tile-shaped chambers and can slide up and down in the piston chamber. Through the design of the groove track of the cam surface, four pistons which are arranged in the circumferential direction can move up and down periodically, fluid in the cavity can be compressed into the pipeline when the pistons move up, and the fluid in the pipeline flows down into the cavity of the piston cylinder when the pistons move down, so that the reciprocating flow of the fluid in the flow path is realized.
The multi-cavity piston cam mechanism is characterized by compact structure, and has more outstanding advantages compared with the prior scheme of adopting a disc cam and radially arranging a plurality of piston cylinders.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the cold storage device is characterized by further comprising a rotary driving shaft 8, wherein the rotary driving shaft 8 penetrates into the piston pump assembly 7, the hot end rotary valve 6, the cold storage bed assembly 2 and the cold end rotary valve 5, and the rotary driving shaft 8 is simultaneously connected with the cam 74, the hot end rotary valve 6 and the cold end rotary valve 5 to simultaneously drive the cam 74, the hot end rotary valve 6 and the cold end rotary valve 5 to rotate. The rotary driving shaft penetrates through the interior of the whole magnetic refrigeration device along the axial direction and can be connected with the cam, the hot end rotary valve and the cold end rotary valve, and the synchronous rotation of the cam, the hot end rotary valve and the cold end rotary valve is realized through the rotary driving shaft, so that the heat exchange fluid is driven to be pumped out or sucked back from the piston pump, the hot end rotary valve is driven to open or close a passage between the piston pump and the cold accumulation bed and a passage between the cold accumulation bed and the hot end heat exchanger, and the cold end rotary valve is driven to open or close a passage between the cold accumulation bed and the cold end heat exchanger, so that the driving efficiency is maximized, the structural arrangement is reduced, and the structure is more compact.
The invention discloses a whole machine structure principle analysis of a magnetic refrigeration rotor:
the system flow path principle in fig. 1 and 2 provides an embodiment of the whole structure, which comprises a special valve structure.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the complete machine of the present embodiment taken along the plane D-D of fig. 1, and fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the plane a-a of fig. 3, the flow direction of the fluid being indicated by arrows in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, the complete machine includes permanent magnet part and cold accumulation bed part, multi-chamber piston cam mechanism, cold junction rotary valve, hot junction rotary valve and cold and hot end heat exchanger.
As shown in fig. 4, the lower end of the rotary driving shaft 8 is connected to a motor, and the motor drives the main shaft to rotate so as to provide motive power for the whole machine. In the running process of the whole machine, the parts which rotate along with the main shaft comprise: the valve core of the cold-end rotary valve 5, the permanent magnet rotor assembly, the valve core of the hot-end rotary valve 6 and the cylindrical cam 74, and the piston 73 in the multi-cavity piston cylinder 71 moves up and down along with the cam. Except the parts, the parts are fixed parts.
At this time point in the upper diagram, the permanent magnet rotor and the stator just start to form a magnetic field, that is, just start to magnetize the cold storage bed assembly 2, and at this time, the magnetic entropy of the magnetic medium in the cold storage bed decreases, and heat is released. At this time, the arc-shaped hole on the valve core of the cold-end rotary valve 5 opens the flow channel (the flow direction arrow passes through in the figure) from the cold-end heat exchanger to the cold accumulation bed, and the hot-end rotary valve 6 also opens the flow channel from the hot-end heat exchanger 4 to the piston pump assembly 7, so that the flow channel marked by the flow direction arrow in the figure is formed. When the cam rotates along with the main shaft, the left piston and the right piston in the figure are drawn downwards through the groove tracks on the cam, so that hot fluid in the cold accumulation bed is brought into the hot end heat exchanger for heat dissipation, and the process lasts for 1/4 rotation periods.
As shown in fig. 5, after the magnetization is completed, the permanent magnet rotor and the permanent magnet stator begin to generate phase shift, and at this time, the magnetic field formed between the permanent magnet rotor and the permanent magnet stator begins to gradually weaken and disappear, i.e., the cold storage bed between the rotor and the stator is demagnetized, so that the magnetic entropy of the magnetic working medium in the cold storage bed is increased to absorb heat. At this time, the arc-shaped hole on the valve core of the cold end rotary valve 5 opens the flow channel (the flow direction arrow passing position in the figure) of the cold accumulation bed flowing to the cold end heat exchanger, and the hot end rotary valve 6 closes the flow channel from the hot end heat exchanger 4 to the piston pump assembly 7, so that the flow channel marked by the flow direction arrow in the figure is formed. When the cam rotates along with the main shaft, the left piston and the right piston in the figure are pushed upwards to compress fluid in the cam through the track of the groove on the cam, so that cold fluid in the cold accumulation bed is compressed into the cold end heat exchanger for heat exchange, and the process lasts for 1/4 rotation periods.
Fig. 6 is a view of the whole machine developed by a rotary section, in which two piston cylinders and two cold accumulation beds are in adjacent positions, while fig. 4 and 5 show two pistons and two cold accumulation beds at 180 ° to each other. The cold accumulation bed and the piston cylinder in the same state are shown at 180 degrees in the working condition, and the adjacent two piston cylinders and the cold accumulation bed just form a complete loop, namely, the flow path diagram of the system in the figure 6 is corresponded. When the permanent magnet rotor and the stator begin to demagnetize the right-side bed in the figure 6, the magnetic entropy of the magnetic working medium in the right-side cold accumulation bed is increased to absorb heat, and meanwhile, the right-side piston is pushed upwards, and the cold fluid in the right-side cold accumulation bed is pushed to the cold-end heat exchanger by pressure to exchange heat; in synchronization, the left cold accumulation bed is magnetized to emit heat, and the hot fluid in the left cold accumulation bed flows into the hot end heat exchanger to dissipate heat under the action of the left piston. When the left piston moves to the bottom, the right piston moves to the top, the next fluid flows from the left to the right, and the two processes complete one flow path cycle.
The refrigerating cycle of the magnetic refrigerator is realized through the cyclic work of the two processes. It should be noted that the fluid flowing through the hot side heat exchanger during this cycle is unidirectional, so there is no hold-up volume present as the fluid flows back and forth; the same cold-end heat exchanger also realizes single-direction flow, a plurality of cold-end radiators are made into a large cold-end radiator in the upper figure, and a plurality of mutually independent flow channels are designed in one cold-end radiator, so that the phenomenon of mixing cold and hot fluids is avoided.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
a magnet assembly (1) capable of generating an alternating magnetic field;
the cold accumulation bed assembly (2) can accommodate a magnetic working medium so as to enable the magnetic working medium to generate the effects of excitation heat release or demagnetization heat absorption through an alternating magnetic field;
the cold end heat exchanger (3) can enable the heat exchange fluid which is absorbed by the magnetic working medium and cooled in the cold accumulation bed component to release cold energy in the cold end heat exchanger (3);
the hot end heat exchanger (4) can enable heat exchange fluid which is subjected to heat release and temperature rise by the magnetic working medium in the cold accumulation bed assembly to release heat in the hot end heat exchanger (4);
the cold end rotary valve (5) is arranged between the cold accumulation bed component (2) and the cold end heat exchanger (3), and can rotate to enable the heat exchange fluid between the cold accumulation bed component and the cold end heat exchanger (3) to be switched between communication and closed communication;
and/or the cold storage bed component also comprises a hot end rotary valve (6), wherein the hot end rotary valve (6) is arranged between the cold storage bed component (2) and the hot end heat exchanger (4), and the hot end rotary valve (6) can rotate to enable the heat exchange fluid between the cold storage bed component (2) and the hot end heat exchanger (4) to be switched between communication and closed communication;
the cold accumulation bed component (2) comprises a cold accumulation bed body (21) with an annular structure and a magnetic gap space (22) arranged on the cold accumulation bed body (21), wherein a magnetic working medium can be contained in the magnetic gap space (22), the magnetic gap space (22) is axially arranged on the axial end face of the cold accumulation bed body (21), and a through hole (211) is formed in the cold accumulation bed body (21) to allow a heat exchange fluid to enter the magnetic gap space to exchange heat with the magnetic working medium and prevent the magnetic working medium from falling off;
the cold end rotary valve (5) comprises a cold end rotary valve cover (51) and a cold end rotary valve core (52), the cold end rotary valve core (52) can rotate relative to the cold end rotary valve cover (51), a first through groove (521) capable of being communicated with a magnetic gap space (22) on the cold accumulation bed assembly (2) is formed in the cold end rotary valve core (52), a first through hole (511) is formed in the cold end rotary valve cover (51), and when the cold end rotary valve core (52) rotates to enable the magnetic gap space (22) to be opposite to the first through groove (521) and the first through hole (511), the heat exchange fluid can flow out of the magnetic gap space (22), the first through groove (521) and the first through hole (511) in sequence;
the first through grooves (521) are arc-shaped grooves matched with the shape of the magnetic gap space (22), and/or the first through grooves (521) are distributed on the cold-end rotary valve core (52) along the circumferential direction; and/or the first through holes (511) are formed in the cold-end rotary valve cover (51) in a plurality and are distributed on the cold-end rotary valve cover (51) along the circumferential direction;
at least one first through groove (521) and at least one first through groove (521) are arranged in the first through grooves (521), and the distance between the first through groove (521) and the circle center of the cold end rotary valve core (52) is unequal; at least one first through hole (511) and at least one first through hole (511) in the first through holes (511) have unequal distances from the circle center of the cold end rotary valve core (52); the first through groove (521) positioned on the radial inner side and the first through hole (511) positioned on the radial inner side can be axially opposite through the rotation of the cold end rotary valve core (52), and the first through groove (521) positioned on the radial outer side and the first through hole (511) positioned on the radial outer side can be axially opposite through the rotation of the cold end rotary valve core (52);
the cold end heat exchanger (3) comprises a first heat exchange pipeline (31) and a second heat exchange pipeline (32) which are positioned inside the cold end heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchange pipeline (31) is communicated with at least one magnetic gap space (22) of the cold accumulation bed assembly (2), the second heat exchange pipeline (32) is communicated with at least one magnetic gap space (22), the first heat exchange pipeline (31) and the second heat exchange pipeline (32) are not communicated with each other, heat exchange fluid flows in the first heat exchange pipeline (31) along a first direction all the time, heat exchange fluid flows in the second heat exchange pipeline (32) along a second direction all the time, and the first direction is different from the second direction;
when at least one first through groove (521) exists in the plurality of first through grooves (521), the distance between the at least one first through groove (521) and the circle center of the cold-end rotary valve core (52) is unequal; when at least one first through hole (511) and at least one first through hole (511) are not equal in distance from the center of the cold-end rotary valve core (52):
the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline (31) is communicated with the first through hole (511) positioned on the radial outer side, and the outlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline (31) is communicated with the first through hole (511) positioned on the radial inner side; and/or the inlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline (32) is communicated with the first through hole (511) positioned at the radial outer side, and the outlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline (32) is communicated with the first through hole (511) positioned at the radial inner side.
2. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
in a transverse cross section, the magnetic gap space (22) is of an arc-shaped groove structure; and/or the magnetic gap spaces (22) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cold accumulation bed body (21), and the shapes and the sizes of the magnetic gap spaces (22) are equal.
3. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the cold-end rotary valve cover (51) is of a circular structure, the cold-end rotary valve core (52) is also of a circular structure, the first through hole (511) is a through hole which is axially communicated on the cold-end rotary valve cover (51), and the first through groove (521) is a through groove which is axially communicated on the cold-end rotary valve core (52).
4. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the hot end rotary valve (6) comprises a hot end rotary valve cover (61) and a hot end rotary valve core (62), the hot end rotary valve core (62) can rotate relative to the hot end rotary valve cover (61), a second through groove (621) which can be axially communicated with a magnetic gap space (22) on the cold accumulation bed component (2) is formed in the hot end rotary valve core (62), a second through hole (611) is axially formed in the hot end rotary valve cover (61), when the hot end rotary valve core (62) rotates to enable the magnetic gap space (22) to be simultaneously opposite to the second through hole (611) and the second through groove (621), heat exchange fluid can sequentially flow into the magnetic gap space (22) from the second through groove (621) and the second through hole (611).
5. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
a third through groove (622) is formed in the hot end rotary valve core (62) at a position different from the second through groove (621) in the circumferential direction along the radial direction, a third through hole (612) is formed in the hot end rotary valve cover (61) along the radial direction, and when the hot end rotary valve core (62) rotates to the position where the third through hole (612) is opposite to the third through groove (622), fluid can enter the lower portion of the hot end rotary valve core (62) through the third through hole (612) and the third through groove (622) in sequence.
6. A magnetic refrigeration unit according to claim 5, wherein:
the hot-end rotary valve cover (61) comprises an annular end plate (613) and an annular outer edge (614) which is connected to the radial outer edge of the end plate and extends in the axial direction, the third through hole (612) and the second through hole (611) are located on the same circumferential direction of the hot-end rotary valve cover (61), the second through hole (611) is formed in the end plate (613) and penetrates through the end plate in the axial direction, and the third through hole (612) is formed in the annular outer edge (614) and penetrates through the annular outer edge in the radial direction.
7. A magnetic refrigeration unit according to claim 5, wherein:
a through fourth through hole (23) is further formed in the cold accumulation bed component (2) along the radial direction, one end of the fourth through hole (23) is communicated with the magnetic gap space (22), the other end of the fourth through hole can be communicated to one end of the hot end heat exchanger (4), and the other end of the hot end heat exchanger (4) can be communicated to the third through groove (622) of the hot end rotary valve core (62); and/or the second through groove (621) is also an arc-shaped groove matched with the shape of the magnetic gap space (22).
8. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the hot end heat exchanger (4) comprises two hot end heat exchangers, wherein one hot end heat exchanger can be communicated with one end of the hot end rotary valve (6), and the other hot end heat exchanger can be communicated with the other end of the hot end rotary valve (6).
9. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the magnet assembly (1) comprises a rotor assembly (11) and a stator assembly (12), the stator assembly (12) is of an annular structure, and the cold accumulation bed assembly (2) is also of an annular structure and is arranged in a radial gap between the rotor assembly (11) and the stator assembly (12); the rotor assembly (11) comprises at least one fan-shaped structure or fan-shaped annular structure, and the rotor assembly (11) can rotate in the space on the radial inner side of the cold accumulation bed assembly (2) to form an alternating magnetic field.
10. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 9, wherein:
the rotor assembly (11) comprises two fan-shaped structures which are distributed in the circumferential direction and are in central symmetry.
11. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
also comprises a piston pump assembly (7);
the piston pump assembly (7) and the cold accumulation bed assembly (2) can be communicated, and the heat exchange fluid between the piston pump assembly (7) and the cold accumulation bed assembly (2) can be switched between communication and closed communication through the hot end rotary valve (6) or the cold end rotary valve (5).
12. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:
the piston pump assembly (7) comprises an annular multi-chamber piston cylinder (71), the multi-chamber piston cylinder (71) comprises a radial inner wall, a radial outer wall and a compression space (72) between the radial inner wall and the radial outer wall, and the compression space (72) penetrates through the multi-chamber piston cylinder (71) along the axial direction;
the piston pump assembly (7) further comprises pistons (73) capable of axially reciprocating in the compression spaces (72), one piston (73) being arranged in each compression space (72);
the piston pump assembly (7) further comprises a cylindrical cam (74), and an accommodating groove (741) is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the cam (74) along the circumferential direction;
one end of the piston (73) is clamped in the compression space (72), the other end of the piston is clamped in the accommodating groove (741), and when the cam (74) rotates, the one end of the piston (73) can be driven along with the change of the circumferential shape of the accommodating groove (741) to reciprocate in the compression space (72).
13. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 12, wherein:
the center-to-center distance between the accommodating groove (741) and the axial lower end face of the cylindrical cam (74) is distributed in a gradually increasing, gradually decreasing, gradually increasing again and gradually decreasing manner along the circumferential direction, so that the piston (73) is driven by the rotation of the accommodating groove (741) to perform reciprocating motion of ascending, descending, re-ascending and re-descending.
14. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 12, wherein:
still include rotary drive axle (8), rotary drive axle (8) wear to establish and get into piston pump subassembly (7), hot junction rotary valve (6), cold-storage bed subassembly (2), in cold junction rotary valve (5), rotary drive axle (8) simultaneously with cam (74), hot junction rotary valve (6) and cold junction rotary valve (5) are connected to drive simultaneously cam (74), hot junction rotary valve (6) and cold junction rotary valve (5) rotate.
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CN110864471B (en) * 2019-11-27 2021-06-08 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 Magnetic refrigeration device with transmission power, method and application
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