CN109708335A - A kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus - Google Patents

A kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109708335A
CN109708335A CN201811582894.4A CN201811582894A CN109708335A CN 109708335 A CN109708335 A CN 109708335A CN 201811582894 A CN201811582894 A CN 201811582894A CN 109708335 A CN109708335 A CN 109708335A
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China
Prior art keywords
cold
end rotary
rotary valve
magnetic
hole
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Granted
Application number
CN201811582894.4A
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CN109708335B (en
Inventor
李大全
汪魁
罗胜
杨蓉
路文博
梁宁波
周鸣宇
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to CN201811582894.4A priority Critical patent/CN109708335B/en
Publication of CN109708335A publication Critical patent/CN109708335A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/106127 priority patent/WO2020134200A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus, comprising: cold end rotary valve, the cold end rotary valve is arranged between the cold-storage bed component and the cool end heat exchanger, and the cold end rotary valve can rotate and make heat exchanging fluid between the cold-storage bed component and the cool end heat exchanger be connected to and closes be connected between switch over；And/or, it further include hot end rotary valve, the hot end rotary valve is arranged between the cold-storage bed component and the hot end heat exchanger, and the hot end rotary valve can rotate and make heat exchanging fluid between the cold-storage bed component and the hot end heat exchanger be connected to and closes be connected between switch over.The connection and closing connection for needing to connect a large amount of pipeline in magnetic refrigeration apparatus in the prior art between cold-storage bed component and cool end heat exchanger and cold-storage bed component and hot end heat exchanger to realize flow path are effectively eliminated through the invention, solve the problems, such as that magnetic refrigerator structure snd size are larger, structure is not compact.

Description

A kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic refrigeration technology fields, and in particular to a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus.
Background technique
The present invention relates to magnetic refrigerating fields, relate generally to rotary magnetic refrigeration device structure and flow path system.
Increasingly with the drawbacks of conventional vapor-compression Refrigeration Technique is in terms of the unfriendly property and heat exchange efficiency to environment Obviously, the research and development of New Refrigerating technology (non-steam compression type refrigerating) are increasingly urgent.Magnetic Refrigeration Technique be then development prospect most by One of good New Refrigerating technology, especially it is very prominent in the advantage of environment friendly and high-effect aspect, compared to passing System steam compression type refrigeration, the refrigerating efficiency of magnetic refrigeration is up to the 40%~50% of Carnot's cycle efficiency, than traditional compression system Cold mode is high by 30% or so；Furthermore magnetic refrigeration modes carry out solid-liquid heat exchange using magnetic material, without environmentally harmful gas； And the running frequency of magnetic refrigeration apparatus is low, and the noise of generation is small.By above-mentioned advantage, magnetic Refrigeration Technique becomes is closed in recent years The highest new Refrigeration Technique of note degree.Its main direction of studying is exploitation and preparation and the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of magnetic refrigerating material at present Two aspect of design, the present invention are to carry out for the latter.
Magnetic refrigeration apparatus is a kind of equipment that the physical characteristic using magneto-caloric material is freezed, the technical foundation of the device The magnetothermal effect of magneto-caloric material, it may be assumed that magneto-caloric material apply variation magnetic field when, will lead to magneto-caloric material temperature raising or Person reduces, and the reduction of material magnetic entropy, heat release, temperature increase when magnetic field strength increases, and material magnetic entropy increases, inhales when magnetic field strength reduces Heat, temperature reduce.So a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus, which generally requires, includes changing magnetic field, working medium bed of magnetic (for placing the hot material of magnetic Material), heat-transfer fluid, cool end heat exchanger, hot end heat exchanger and matched power part.
In previous magnetic refrigeration apparatus, it can be divided into three classes by forms of motion: it is state type, reciprocating, rotary, wherein State type is to generate variation magnetic field using electromagnet, and there are winding coils greatly, heat dissipation difficult problem；It is reciprocating be using magnet with Variation magnetic field is realized in straight reciprocating motion between working medium bed of magnetic, there is a problem of that running frequency is low, refrigerating efficiency is not high；Rotatably Then have that compact-sized, running frequency is high, the advantage of good refrigeration effect, is the direction of later magnetic refrigeration apparatus development.
There are two types of the modes of the realization variation magnetic field of rotary magnetic refrigeration device: the magnet of rotation or the magnetic working medium of rotation Bed is both that magnetic working medium is allowed to bear alternation field strength by the relative motion of magnetic field and working medium bed of magnetic, sends out magnetic working medium constantly Then magnetisation thermal response drives heat exchanging fluid to pass through flow path system for high temperature caused by magnetic working medium and low temperature by driving part Hot end heat exchanger and cool end heat exchanger are transported respectively, and flow path system corresponds to rotary motion and constantly recycles, and holds to realize Continuous refrigeration.
Since magnetic refrigeration apparatus in the prior art is there are flow path connection complexity, actual principle model machine is larger, structure is inadequate It is compact, hold heat exchanger pipeline in there are the fluids of larger hold-up volume, reduce the heat exchange efficiency of magnetic refrigerator, need to use compared with More check valves, so that the technical problems such as flow path is sufficiently complex, therefore researching and designing of the present invention goes out a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that overcoming magnetic refrigeration apparatus in the prior art, there are flow path connections Complexity, the defect that actual principle model machine is larger, structure is not compact enough, to provide a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus.
The present invention provides a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus comprising:
Magnet assembly can generate alternating magnetic field；
Cold-storage bed component, can accommodate magnetic working medium, to make magnetic working medium generate excitation heat release or degaussing by alternating magnetic field The effect of heat absorption；
Cool end heat exchanger, enable to by the cold-storage bed component by the heat exchanging fluid of magnetic working medium absorbing and cooling temperature in institute State released cold quantity in cool end heat exchanger；
Hot end heat exchanger, enable to by the cold-storage bed component by the heat exchanging fluid of magnetic working medium exotherm in institute It states and discharges heat in hot end heat exchanger；
Further include cold end rotary valve, cold end rotary valve setting the cold-storage bed component and the cool end heat exchanger it Between, and the cold end rotary valve can rotate and make the heat exchanging fluid between the cold-storage bed component and the cool end heat exchanger It is switched over being connected to and closing between connection；
And/or further include hot end rotary valve, the hot end rotary valve setting is changed in the cold-storage bed component and the hot end Between hot device, and the hot end rotary valve can rotate and make changing between the cold-storage bed component and the hot end heat exchanger Hot fluid switches between connection and closing connection.
Preferably,
The cold-storage bed component include ring structure storage cold bed body and be provided with it is described storage cold bed body on magnetic gap Magnetic working medium, magnetic gap space edge on the axial end face for storing cold bed body can be accommodated in space, the magnetic gap space Axially open up and offer through-hole in the storages cold bed body with allow heat exchanging fluid into the magnetic gap space with the magnetic Working medium is exchanged heat and magnetic working medium is prevented to deviate from.
Preferably,
In transversal cross-section, the magnetic gap space is curved slot arrangement；And/or the magnetic gap space is in the cold-storage The circumferencial direction of bed ontology is equally distributed multiple and the shapes and sizes in multiple magnetic gap spaces are equal.
Preferably,
The cold end rotary valve includes cold end rotary valve cover and cold end rotary spool, and the cold end rotary spool can be opposite It is rotated in the cold end rotary valve cover, being provided on the cold end rotary spool can be with the magnetic gap space on the cold-storage bed component First through slot of connection is provided with first through hole on the cold end rotary valve cover, when the cold end rotary spool is rotated to making When the magnetic gap space and first through slot and the first through hole opposite simultaneously, the heat exchanging fluid can be successively from described Magnetic gap space, first through slot and first through hole outflow.
Preferably,
First through slot is the arc groove to match with the magnetic gap spatial form, and/or, first through slot is more It is a and circumferentially distributed on the cold end rotary spool；And/or the first through hole is on the cold end rotary valve cover What is opened up is multiple and circumferentially distributed on the cold end rotary valve cover.
Preferably,
The cold end rotary valve cover is cirque structure, the cold end rotary spool is also cirque structure, described first Through-hole be on the cold end rotary valve cover axially through through-hole, first through slot be on the cold end rotary spool axis To the through slot of perforation.
Preferably,
In multiple first through slots, there are at least one first through slots and at least one first through slot apart from the cold end The spacing in the center of circle of rotary spool is unequal；In multiple first through hole, there are at least one first through hole and at least one The spacing in the center of circle of the first through hole apart from the cold end rotary spool is unequal；And be located at radially inner side the first through slot be located at The first through hole of radially inner side can be formed by the rotation of the cold end rotary spool it is axially opposing, positioned at radial outside First through slot can be formed axially opposing with the first through hole for being located at radial outside by the rotation of the cold end rotary spool.
Preferably,
The cool end heat exchanger includes the first heat exchanging pipe and the second heat exchanging pipe on its interior, wherein described first Heat exchanging pipe is connected to at least one magnetic gap space of the cold-storage bed component, second heat exchanging pipe and at least one magnetic gap Space connection, and first heat exchanging pipe and the second heat exchanging pipe are not connected to mutually, heat exchanging fluid is in first heat exchanging pipe In the flowing and described the in a second direction always in second heat exchanging pipe along first direction flowing, heat exchanging fluid always One direction and the second direction be not identical.
Preferably,
When in multiple first through slots, there are at least one first through slots and at least one first through slot apart from cold end rotary valve The spacing in the center of circle of core is unequal；In multiple first through hole, there are at least one first through hole and at least one first through hole away from When the spacing in the center of circle from cold end rotary spool is unequal:
The arrival end of first heat exchanging pipe is connected to the first through hole for being located at radial outside, first heat exchanging pipe Outlet end be located at radially inner side first through hole be connected to；And/or the arrival end of second heat exchanging pipe be located at it is radial The first through hole in outside is connected to, and the outlet end of second heat exchanging pipe is connected to the first through hole for being located at radially inner side.
Preferably,
The hot end rotary valve includes hot end rotary valve cover and hot end rotary spool, and the hot end rotary spool can be opposite It is rotated in the hot end rotary valve cover, being provided on the hot end rotary spool can be with the magnetic gap space on the cold-storage bed component It is axially disposed on the hot end rotary valve cover to have the second through-hole along the second through slot being axially connected to, when the hot end rotary valve Core rotate to enable the magnetic gap space and when second through-hole and second through slot opposite simultaneously, heat exchanging fluid according to It is secondary to flow into the magnetic gap space from second through slot, second through-hole.
Preferably,
It is also radially offered on the hot end rotary spool, from second through slot in circumferential different position Third through slot also radially offers third through-hole on the hot end rotary valve cover, when the hot end rotary spool is rotated to institute When stating third through-hole and the opposite third through slot, fluid is enabled to pass sequentially through the third through-hole, the third through slot Into the lower section of the hot end rotary spool.
Preferably,
The hot end rotary valve cover includes the end plate of circular ring shape and is connected to the end plate radially outer edge and towards axially extending Annular outer, the third through-hole and second through-hole are located in the same circumferential direction of the hot end rotary valve cover and described Second through-hole is set on the end plate and along being set on the annular outer axially through, the third through-hole and radially Direction perforation.
Preferably,
The fourth hole of perforation, described fourth hole one end and institute are radially also provided on the cold-storage bed component State the connection of magnetic gap space, the other end can be communicated to one end of the hot end heat exchanger, the other end energy of the hot end heat exchanger Enough it is communicated to the third through slot of the hot end rotary spool；And/or second through slot is also and magnetic gap space shape The arc groove that shape matches.
Preferably,
The hot end heat exchanger includes two, one of them can be connected to one end of the hot end rotary valve, another It can be connected to the other end of the hot end rotary valve.
Preferably,
The magnet assembly includes rotor assembly and stator module, and the stator module is ring structure, the cold-storage bed Component is also ring structure, in the radial clearance being set between the rotor assembly and the stator module；The rotor set Part includes at least one sector structure or fan ring structure, and the rotor assembly can be in the radially inner side of the cold-storage bed component Spatial rotational, and form alternating magnetic field.
Preferably,
The rotor assembly includes in circumferential direction and two fan ring structures of the distribution that is centrosymmetric.
Preferably,
It further include piston pump assembly；
It can be connected between the piston pump assembly and the cold-storage bed component, and the piston pump assembly and the cold-storage Heat exchanging fluid between bed component can be realized by the hot end rotary valve or the cold end rotary valve to be connected to and is closing It is switched between connection.
Preferably,
The piston pump assembly includes the Multicarity piston bore of annular, and the Multicarity piston bore includes that diameter is inside Wall, radial outer wall and the compression space between the inner radial wall and the radial outer wall, the compression space is along axial The Multicarity piston bore is run through in direction；
The piston pump assembly further includes the piston that axially reciprocating can be done in the compression space, each compression Space is arranged in correspondence with the piston；
The piston pump assembly further includes columned cam, offers appearance along circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cam Receive slot；
One end of the piston is fastened in the compression space, the other end of the piston is fastened on the holding tank In, enable when cam rotation, described one end of the piston is as the circumferential shape of the holding tank changes by band It moves and moves reciprocatingly in the compression space.
Preferably,
Center spacing between lower axial end face of the holding tank apart from the columned cam is along the circumferential direction in The distribution be gradually increased, be gradually reduced, being gradually increased again and being gradually reduced again, so that the piston is by the rotation of the holding tank The reciprocating motion for driving and doing up and down, rising again and decline again.
Preferably,
Further include rotation drive shaft, the rotation drive shaft wear entrance the piston pump assembly, the hot end rotary valve, In the cold-storage bed component, the cold end rotary valve, the rotation drive shaft simultaneously with the cam, the hot end rotary valve and The cold end rotary valve connection, to drive the cam, the hot end rotary valve and cold end rotary valve rotation simultaneously.
A kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the present invention enables to the connection setting of cold end rotary valve by setting cold end rotary valve and/or hot end rotary valve Between cold-storage bed component and cool end heat exchanger, cold-storage bed component and cool end heat exchanger are realized by cold end rotary valve Connection and closing, the connection of hot end rotary valve are arranged between cold-storage bed component and hot end heat exchanger, make cold-storage bed component and heat Hold heat exchanger can by hot end rotary valve realize connection and close, effectively eliminate in magnetic refrigeration apparatus in the prior art Need to connect a large amount of pipeline between cold-storage bed component and cool end heat exchanger and cold-storage bed component and hot end heat exchanger to realize The connection of flow path is connected to closing, thus efficiently solve the problems, such as that magnetic refrigerator structure snd size are larger, structure is not compact, Effectively realize the miniaturization and simplification of structure；
2. and magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention is also effectively replaced due to using cold end rotary valve and hot end rotary valve Need to be arranged multiple check valves or other controls in original magnetic refrigerator between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger on connecting line The structure type of valve has also been canceled in original magnetic refrigerator and needs to be arranged on connecting line between cold-storage bed and hot end heat exchanger The structure type of multiple check valves or other control valves further eliminates a large amount of valve module, further such that structure and stream Road becomes more simple and compact, effectively further realizes the miniaturization and simplification of structure.
3. the present invention is also by the structure type of two cold ends heat exchange flow paths of setting, so that heat exchanging fluid is passing through first Cold-storage bed, which enters after being freezed in first cold end heat exchange flow path, to freeze, and is entering the after second cold-storage bed is freezed Freeze in two cold end heat exchange flow paths, need not oppositely enter again in first cold end heat exchange flow path and freeze, eliminates only Reflux of the fluid when flowing to switching in pipeline between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger when having a cold end heat exchange flow path, to have The hold-up volume for preventing or reducing to effect the heat exchanging fluid in pipe-line system and heat exchanger, alleviates hold-up volume to system The influence of performance, so that magnetic refrigerating system has very big improvement, heat exchange effect without hold-up volume in pipeline and hot and cold side heat exchange Rate is greatly improved.
4. the present invention is also matched by using annular multi-cavity body piston cylinder and cold-storage bed, make cold-storage bed and piston cylinder Between be attached by hot end rotary valve, do not need to be attached by pipeline, realize compact-sizedization and miniaturization, and more Compression or the effect of air-breathing while cavity piston cylinder can be realized multi-cylinder, such as the preferred embodiment of the present invention is four work Plug cylinder, effect while realizing four cylinder bodies by a device, efficiency greatly improve；And using cylindrical cam as magnetic The fluid driving mechanism of refrigeration machine has effectively achieved the reciprocal fortune up and down while the piston of four or multiple circumferencial directions It is dynamic, it is more efficient, and make system more compact.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the general assembly structural schematic diagram of magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the configuration schematic diagram of magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the section plan in the direction D-D in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention along the direction A-A of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention along the direction B-B of Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention along the direction C-C of Fig. 3；
Fig. 7 is the region cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet element and cold-storage bed portions part in magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the detonation configuration figure of the cold end rotary valve in magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention；
Fig. 9 is the detonation configuration figure of the hot end rotary valve in magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention；
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the Multicarity plunger cam mechanism in magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention.
Figure 11 is that (pipeline and valve in figure are for the magnetic refrigeration circuit theory structure schematic diagram of magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention It symbolically shows, understand process fluid flow to facilitate, and replaced indeed through hot end rotary valve and cold end rotary valve Generation).
Appended drawing reference indicates in figure are as follows:
1, magnet assembly；11, rotor assembly；12, stator module；2, cold-storage bed component；21, cold bed body is stored；211, lead to Hole；22, magnetic gap space；23, fourth hole；24, cold-storage bed upper cover；25, magnetic working medium；3, cool end heat exchanger；31, the first heat exchanger tube Road；32, the second heat exchanging pipe；4, hot end heat exchanger；5, cold end rotary valve；51, cold end rotary valve cover；511, first through hole；52, Cold end rotary spool；521, the first through slot；6, hot end rotary valve；61, hot end rotary valve cover；611, the second through-hole；612, third Through-hole；613, end plate；614, annular outer；62, hot end rotary spool；621, the second through slot；622, third through slot；7, piston pump Component；71, Multicarity piston bore；72, compression space；73, piston；731, piston rod；74, cam；741, holding tank；75, Lower cover；8, drive shaft is rotated；9, pipeline.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figs. 1-11, the present invention provides a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus comprising:
Magnet assembly 1 can generate alternating magnetic field；
Cold-storage bed component 2, can accommodate magnetic working medium, to make magnetic working medium generate excitation heat release or degaussing by alternating magnetic field The effect of heat absorption；
Cool end heat exchanger 3 is enabled to by being existed in the cold-storage bed component by the heat exchanging fluid of magnetic working medium absorbing and cooling temperature Released cold quantity in the cool end heat exchanger 3；
Hot end heat exchanger 4 is enabled to by being existed in the cold-storage bed component by the heat exchanging fluid of magnetic working medium exotherm Heat is discharged in the hot end heat exchanger 4；
It further include cold end rotary valve 5, the setting of cold end rotary valve 5 exchanges heat in the cold-storage bed component 2 and the cold end Between device 3, and the cold end rotary valve can rotate and make changing between the cold-storage bed component and the cool end heat exchanger 3 Hot fluid switches between connection and closing connection；
And/or further include hot end rotary valve 6, the hot end rotary valve 6 is arranged in the cold-storage bed component 2 and the heat It holds between heat exchanger 4, and the hot end rotary valve 6 can rotate and make the cold-storage bed component 2 and the hot end heat exchanger 4 Between heat exchanging fluid be connected to and close connection between switch over.
The present invention enables to the connection setting of cold end rotary valve to exist by setting cold end rotary valve and/or hot end rotary valve Between cold-storage bed component and cool end heat exchanger, cold-storage bed component and cool end heat exchanger are connected by the realization of cold end rotary valve Logical and closing, the connection of hot end rotary valve are arranged between cold-storage bed component and hot end heat exchanger, make cold-storage bed component and hot end Heat exchanger can be realized connection and be closed by hot end rotary valve, effectively eliminated in magnetic refrigeration apparatus in the prior art and stored Need to connect a large amount of pipeline between cold bed component and cool end heat exchanger and cold-storage bed component and hot end heat exchanger to realize stream The connection on road is connected to closing, to efficiently solve the problems, such as that magnetic refrigerator structure snd size are larger, structure is not compact, is had Realize the miniaturization and simplification of structure in effect ground.
And magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention is also effectively substituted due to using cold end rotary valve and hot end rotary valve It needs that multiple check valves or other control valves are arranged on connecting line between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger in original magnetic refrigerator Structure type, also canceled need to be arranged on connecting line between cold-storage bed and hot end heat exchanger in original magnetic refrigerator it is more The structure type of a check valve or other control valves further eliminates a large amount of valve module, further such that structure and flow path Become more simple and compact, effectively further realizes the miniaturization and simplification of structure.
The invention reside in:
1, check valve is substituted as fluid flow direction control valve using mechanical motion mechanism, so that only there are two valves in total for system Mechanism to make do not have pipeline between piston cylinder and cold-storage bed, but is directly attached, greatlies simplify pipeline system System.
2, matched using annular multi-cavity body piston cylinder and tiles cold-storage bed, make to be not required between cold-storage bed and piston cylinder Pipeline is wanted to be attached, in addition, the fluid driving mechanism using cylindrical cam as magnetic refrigerator, so that system is more compact.
3, pipe-line system and the heat exchange stream in heat exchanger are avoided by increasing the design of a cool end heat exchanger and bypass The hold-up volume of body, improves heat exchange efficiency.)
Preferably,
The cold-storage bed component 2 includes the storage cold bed body 21 of ring structure and is provided in the storage cold bed body 21 Magnetic working medium can be accommodated in magnetic gap space 22, the magnetic gap space 22, the magnetic gap space 22 is in the storage cold bed body 21 It is opened up on axial end face along axial direction and offers through-hole 211 in the storage cold bed body 21 to allow described in heat exchanging fluid entrance It is exchanged heat in magnetic gap space with the magnetic working medium and magnetic working medium is prevented to deviate from.
This is the preferred constructive form of cold-storage bed component of the invention, i.e. the magnetic by storing cold bed body and opening up on it Gap space can accommodate magnetic working medium in magnetic gap space, and magnetic working medium can generate refrigeration heat absorption with the variation of alternating magnetic field With heat it is exothermic effect and magnetic gap space can also allow heat exchanging fluid enter wherein to carry out heat exchange effect with magnetic working medium, magnetic Gap space, which in axial direction opens up, to be enabled to heat exchanging fluid to enter in magnetic gap space from axial direction and flows out magnetic gap along axial Space and enter cool end heat exchanger or hot end heat exchanger, and the end face in magnetic gap space is provided with cold-storage bed upper cover and lower cover, is used for Magnetic working medium is prevented to deviate from from magnetic gap space.
Preferably,
In transversal cross-section, the magnetic gap space 22 is curved slot arrangement；And/or the magnetic gap space 22 is described Store cold bed body 21 circumferencial direction is equally distributed multiple and the shapes and sizes in multiple magnetic gap spaces 22 are equal, Magnetic gap space is preferably 4.This is the preferred constructive form in magnetic gap space of the invention, can by being set as curved slot arrangement The cold-storage bed body shape of itself and annulus shape is set to match, and multiple magnetic gap spaces can form multiple cold-storages worked at the same time Bed unit carries out to many places the effect of the heating of magnetic working medium or cooling simultaneously so that efficiency further gets a promotion, structure more It is compact.And the rotor of the length of a magnetic gap space in the circumferential and a sector structure or fan ring structure Component is corresponding.
Preferably,
The cold end rotary valve 5 includes cold end rotary valve cover 51 and cold end rotary spool 52, the cold end rotary spool 52 It can be rotated relative to the cold end rotary valve cover 51, being provided on the cold end rotary spool 52 can be with the cold-storage bed component The first through slot 521 that magnetic gap space 22 on 2 is connected to is provided with first through hole 511 on the cold end rotary valve cover 51, when described The rotation of cold end rotary spool 52 is to making the magnetic gap space 22 and first through slot 521 and the first through hole 511 simultaneously When opposite, the heat exchanging fluid can be successively from the magnetic gap space 22, first through slot 521 and the first through hole 511 Outflow.
This is the preferred constructive form of cold end rotary valve of the invention, it is particularly possible to it is shown in Figure 8, i.e., it is revolved by cold end The mating structure of rotary valve lid and cold end rotary spool, and cold end rotary spool can rotate, cold end rotary spool is fixed, Neng Goutong The rotation of cold end direction of rotation is crossed so that the first through slot on spool is connected to and is closed connection with the first through hole on valve deck, To form the effect and function of the opening and closing for opening the flow path between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger, effectively eliminate Multiple check valves and other complicated valve modules in original structure and the flow path for eliminating complexity, so that structure is more simple Single, compact and miniaturization.
Preferably,
First through slot 521 is the arc groove to match with 22 shape of magnetic gap space, and/or, described first is logical Slot 521 is multiple and circumferentially distributed on the cold end rotary spool 52；And/or the first through hole 511 is described What is opened up on cold end rotary valve cover 51 is multiple and circumferentially distributed on the cold end rotary valve cover 51.This is of the invention The preferred constructive form and quantity and setting form of one through slot and first through hole, matching with magnetic gap spatial form being capable of maximum journey Spend ground from the fluid for receiving maximum stream flow in magnetic gap space and the heat exchanging fluid for releasing maximum stream flow into magnetic gap space, often A magnetic gap space is arranged in correspondence with first through slot and first through hole, enables to the heat exchanging fluid in each magnetic gap space equal It can export to cool end heat exchanger or export from cool end heat exchanger to each magnetic gap space by the adjusting of cold end rotary valve In, realize the maximization of efficiency.
Preferably,
The cold end rotary valve cover 51 is cirque structure, the cold end rotary spool 52 is also cirque structure, described First through hole 511 be on the cold end rotary valve cover 51 axially through through-hole, first through slot 521 be in the cold end On rotary spool 52 axially through through slot.This is the preferred structure of cold end rotary valve cover and cold end rotary spool of the invention Form and first through hole and the preferred of the first through slot open up form, and cirque structure can be carried out effectively with storage cold bed body Well matching, and axially through through-hole and through slot can make when cold end rotary valve cover is set to cold-storage bed axial direction one end Change of current body can be reached in axial direction in cold end rotary valve from cold-storage bed or be reached in magnetic gap space from cold end rotary valve, be made It obtains structure effectively to combine together, structure is more compact and minimizes.
As shown in figure 8, the cold end rotary valve is made of cold end rotary valve cover 51 and cold end rotary spool 52, the function of the valve It can be that periodic traffic organising is carried out to axial flow of fluid.
It is each on the concentric circles of two different-diameters of cold end rotary valve cover 51 to be evenly distributed with 4 apopores, to cold end Heat exchanger is connected, and cold end rotary valve cover 51 and cold-storage bed are fixed；Two different-diameters on cold end rotary spool 52 it is same 2 arc ports are also respectively disposed on heart circle, totally 4 arc ports difference distributions in 90 °, the inside and outside concentric circles of spool and valve deck is straight Diameter is equal, and cold end rotary spool 52 is rotating part, and cold end rotary valve is cold by the rotation realization of cold end rotary spool 52 Hold the opening and closing of each water outlet on rotary valve cover 51.At the time of in upper figure, arc port (the first through slot of cold end rotary spool 52 521) it coincides respectively with the first through hole 511 of cold end rotary valve cover 51, it at this time can be from this way from the fluid that cold-storage bed comes out The arc port runner Chong Die with water outlet in pass through, it is on the contrary then cannot pass through.
The control core of the valve is that the water outlet and arc being distributed on cold end rotary valve cover 51 and cold end rotary spool 52 The periodical of shape mouth is overlapped and misplaces, to realize control action of the periodic current to opening and closing and flow path.
Preferably,
In multiple first through slots 521, there are at least one first through slot 521 and at least one first through slot 521 away from The spacing in the center of circle from the cold end rotary spool 52 is unequal；In multiple first through hole 511, there are at least one The spacing in the center of circle of one through-hole 511 at least one first through hole 511 apart from the cold end rotary spool 52 is unequal；And it is located at First through slot 521 of radially inner side can pass through the cold end rotary spool 52 with the first through hole 511 for being located at radially inner side Rotate and formed it is axially opposing, positioned at radial outside the first through slot 521 be located at radial outside first through hole 511 can lead to It crosses the rotation of the cold end rotary spool 52 and is formed axially opposing.
This is the further preferred structure type of the first through slot and first through hole on cold end rotary valve of the invention, i.e., There are the first through slot that center is different away from (center of circle of tool cold end rotary spool) in multiple first through slots, such arrangement form is In order to enable center away from the first different through slots can accordingly with two or more heat exchange streams on cool end heat exchanger Road is respectively communicated with, and two or more heat exchange flow paths are arranged, and heat exchanging fluid is enabled to pass through first cold-storage Bed, which enters after being freezed in first cold end heat exchange flow path, to freeze, and is entering second after second cold-storage bed is freezed Freeze in cold end heat exchange flow path, need not oppositely enter again in first cold end heat exchange flow path and freeze, eliminates only one Reflux of the fluid when flowing to switching in pipeline between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger when a cold end heat exchange flow path, thus effectively The hold-up volume for preventing or reducing the heat exchanging fluid in pipe-line system and heat exchanger, alleviates hold-up volume to system performance Influence so that pipeline and hot and cold side heat exchange in without hold-up volume, magnetic refrigerating system has very big improvement, and heat exchange efficiency obtains Very big promotion is arrived.
Further preferred first through slot 521 is the center of the first through slot 521 described in four and wherein at least one The spacing in the center of circle of cold end rotary spool described in line-spacing is equal, is the first spacing, and at least one described first through slot 521 The spacing in the center of circle of cold end rotary spool described in heart line-spacing is equal, is the second spacing, and first spacing is greater than described second Spacing, and be that two through slots of the first spacing are disposed adjacent, are that two through slots of the second spacing are disposed adjacent.
Preferably,
The cool end heat exchanger 3 includes the first heat exchanging pipe 31 and the second heat exchanging pipe 32 on its interior, wherein institute It states the first heat exchanging pipe 31 to be connected to at least one magnetic gap space 22 of the cold-storage bed component 2, second heat exchanging pipe 32 It is connected to at least one magnetic gap space 22, and first heat exchanging pipe 31 is not connected to mutually with the second heat exchanging pipe 32, heat exchange stream Body in first heat exchanging pipe 31 always along first direction flowing, heat exchanging fluid in second heat exchanging pipe 32 always It flows in a second direction and the first direction and the second direction is not identical.
Two or more heat exchange flow paths (or heat exchanging pipe, similarly hereinafter) are set, heat exchanging fluid is enabled to pass through It crosses after first cold-storage bed is freezed to enter in first cold end heat exchange flow path and freeze, and freezed by second cold-storage bed Enter refrigeration in second cold end heat exchange flow path afterwards, need not oppositely enter again in first cold end heat exchange flow path and freeze, Time of the fluid when flowing to switching in pipeline between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger when eliminating only one cold end heat exchange flow path Stream alleviates delay to be effectively prevented or reduce the hold-up volume of the heat exchanging fluid in pipe-line system and heat exchanger Influence of the volume to system performance, so that magnetic refrigerating system has very big without hold-up volume in pipeline and hot and cold side heat exchange Improve, heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved.
(pipeline and valve in figure only symbolically show magnetic refrigerator system principle schematic diagram of the invention as shown in figure 11 Out, process fluid flow is understood to facilitate, and substitute indeed through hot end rotary valve and cold end rotary valve):
The basic principle of magnetic refrigeration be exactly the magnetic working medium in cold-storage bed is carried out plus magnetic or degaussing by permanent magnet so that Magnetic working medium occurs magnetothermal effect and radiates or absorb heat, then the heat or cooling capacity that are generated by heat exchanging fluid pass through heat exchange stream Body takes hot end or cold end to, and then realizes refrigeration cycle.Following two flowing stage is analyzed in conjunction with Figure 11:
1. the first stage (solid arrow flow direction): permanent magnet makes cold-storage bed component 2 (being located at pipeline upper part) degaussing The heat absorption of cold-storage bed component 2 generates cooling capacity, while the fluid (piston in (upper part) rise of piston pump assembly 7 compression rodless cavity Pump assembly 7 (lower part) then stretches fluid in rodless cavity simultaneously), by pressure by the cold fluid pressure in cold-storage bed component 2 It exchanges heat in cool end heat exchanger 3 (the first heat exchanging pipe 31)；And it is synchronous with front end flow path, cold-storage bed component 2 (is located at Pipeline lower part) then add magnetic to release heat by permanent magnet, the hot fluid in cold-storage bed component 2 then flows under pressure The hot end heat exchanger 4 of lower end radiates.Whole process can be sketched into: pass through the piston of the rise and lower end of the piston of upper end Backhaul effect, shifts the cold fluid in the cold-storage bed of upper end onto first heat exchanging pipe 31, i.e. cold end exchanges heat, and by lower end The hot end heat exchanger 4 that hot fluid in cold-storage bed shifts lower end onto radiates.
2. second stage (dotted arrow flow direction): cold-storage bed component 2 degaussing of the permanent magnet to lower end generates its heat absorption cold Amount, while (the piston pump assembly 7 of upper end then stretches nothing to the fluid in 7 rise of the piston pump assembly compression rodless cavity of lower end simultaneously Fluid in rod cavity), the second heat exchanging pipe being pressed onto the cold fluid in the cold-storage bed of lower end by pressure in cool end heat exchanger It exchanges heat in 32；And it is synchronous with front end flow path, the cold-storage bed component 2 of upper end then adds magnetic to release heat by permanent magnet, in Hot fluid then flow to the hot end heat exchanger 4 of upper end under pressure and radiate.Whole process can be sketched into: pass through lower end Piston rise and upper end piston backhaul effect, shift the cold fluid in the cold-storage bed of lower end onto second heat exchanging pipe 32, i.e. cold end exchanges heat, and the hot end heat exchanger 4 that the hot fluid in the cold-storage bed of upper end shifts upper end onto is radiated.
Magnetic refrigerator of the invention is that 1. 2. the cycle operation of process is realized by above-mentioned.And this flow path system with Previous flow path system Fig. 4 is compared, and in the same basic flow path, half period and second half of the cycle are used and had solely before system Two cool end heat exchangers in standpipe road eliminate time of the fluid when flowing to switching in pipeline between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger Stream, to greatly alleviate influence of the hold-up volume to system performance.Whole system has very big improvement so that pipeline with Without hold-up volume in hot and cold side heat exchange, efficiency is made to be greatly improved.
Preferably,
When in multiple first through slots 521, there are at least one the first through slot 521 and at least one 521 distances of the first through slot The spacing in the center of circle of cold end rotary spool 52 is unequal；In multiple first through hole 511, there are at least one first through hole 511 with When the spacing at least one center of circle of the first through hole 511 apart from cold end rotary spool 52 is unequal:
The arrival end of first heat exchanging pipe 31 is connected to the first through hole 511 for being located at radial outside, and described first changes The outlet end of pipe line 31 is connected to the first through hole 511 for being located at radially inner side；And/or second heat exchanging pipe 32 enters Mouthful end be connected to the first through hole 511 for being located at radial outside, the outlet end of second heat exchanging pipe 32 and positioned at radially inner side First through hole 511 be connected to.This is that the specific and first through hole of two heat exchange flow paths of the invention (including is located relatively at radial direction The first through hole of inside and the first through hole for being located relatively at radial outside), the first through slot (the including being located relatively at radially inner side One through slot and the first through slot for being located relatively at radial outside) preferred connection type and connection relationship.
Preferably,
As shown in figure 9, the hot end rotary valve 6 includes hot end rotary valve cover 61 and hot end rotary spool 62, the hot end Rotary spool 62 can be rotated relative to the hot end rotary valve cover 61, be provided on the hot end rotary spool 62 can with it is described Magnetic gap space 22 on cold-storage bed component 2 is along the second through slot 621 being axially connected to, the hot end rotary valve cover 61 along axial direction It is provided with the second through-hole 611, when the hot end rotary spool 62 rotation is to making the magnetic gap space 22 and second through-hole 611 and second through slot 621 simultaneously it is opposite when, heat exchanging fluid can be successively from second through slot 621, second through-hole 611 flow into the magnetic gap space 22.
This is the preferred constructive form of hot end rotary valve of the invention, it is particularly possible to it is shown in Figure 9, i.e., it is revolved by hot end The mating structure of rotary valve lid and hot end rotary spool, and hot end rotary spool can rotate, hot end rotary spool is fixed, Neng Goutong The rotation of hot end direction of rotation is crossed so that the second through slot on spool is connected to and is closed connection with the second through-hole on valve deck, To form the effect and function of the opening and closing for opening the flow path between cold-storage bed and hot end heat exchanger, effectively eliminate Multiple check valves and other complicated valve modules in original structure and the flow path for eliminating complexity, so that structure is more simple Single, compact and miniaturization.
Preferably,
On the hot end rotary spool 62, from second through slot 621 circumferential different position also radially Third through slot 622 is offered, also radially offers third through-hole 612 on the hot end rotary valve cover 61, when the hot end is revolved When the rotation of rotary plate 62 to the third through-hole 612 and the opposite third through slot 622, fluid is enabled to pass sequentially through institute State third through-hole 612, the third through slot 622 enters the lower section of the hot end rotary spool 62.
This is the further preferred constructive form of hot end rotary valve of the invention, by spool in the radial direction along diameter Heat exchanging fluid energy is enabled to the third through-hole for opening up the third through slot of setting and radially opening up in the radial direction in valve deck It is enough enter in the hot end rotary valve from third through-hole and third through slot and be discharged downwards or from below into the hot end rotary valve and It is discharged from radial third through-hole, this connection type is suitable for being connected with the hot end heat exchanger of cold-storage bed component external It is logical.
As shown in figure 9, similar with cold end rotary valve, hot end rotary valve is also by hot end rotary valve cover 61 and hot end rotary spool 62 compositions, hot end rotary valve cover 61 is fixed, is controlled by the rotation of hot end rotary spool 62 logical close of runner.Heat Rotary valve is held to can control the runner of both direction, i.e. shaft orientation flowing channel and radial flow path.Same principle, hot end rotary valve are also logical The rotation of spool is crossed so that through-hole (or channel) thereon and the water outlet on valve deck are periodically Chong Die or misplace, to realize Flow through more traffic organisings of hot end rotary valve.
Preferably,
The end plate 613 of the hot end rotary valve cover 61 including circular ring shape and it is connected to the end plate radially outer edge and towards axial direction The annular outer 614 of extension, the third through-hole 612 and second through-hole 611 are located at the same of the hot end rotary valve cover 61 One circumferential upper and described second through-hole 611 is set on the end plate 613 and sets along axially through, the third through-hole 612 It is placed on the annular outer 614 and radially penetrates through.This be hot end rotary valve of the invention valve deck and spool into One step preferred constructive form can effectively realize and open up third through-hole on annular outer and lead to third through-hole and second Hole is located at circumferential identical position, so that hot end direction of rotation rotates and is connected to the second through slot in the axial direction with the second through-hole The connection of Shi Shixian axial flow of fluid, third through slot realize fluid communication radially when being connected to radially with third through-hole.
Preferably,
Referring to fig. 4-6, radially it is also provided with the fourth hole 23 of perforation on the cold-storage bed component 2, described Four through-holes, 23 one end is connected to the magnetic gap space 22, the other end can be communicated to one end of the hot end heat exchanger 4, the heat The other end of end heat exchanger 4 can be communicated to the third through slot 622 of the hot end rotary spool 62；And/or described Two through slots 621 are also the arc groove to match with 22 shape of magnetic gap space.This is further on cold-storage bed of the invention Preferred constructive form enables to the fluid in the magnetic gap space of cold-storage bed that can lead to by the fourth hole that radial direction opens up Cross the radial through-hole be connected to external hot end heat exchanger and the other end of hot end heat exchanger be connected in the rotary valve of hot end, And finally enter in the compression chamber of piston pump, realize fluid and hot end heat exchanger, hot end rotary valve and piston pump in cold-storage bed Between effective connection, a large amount of pipeline and valve are saved, so that structure realization simply easy to process.
Preferably,
The hot end heat exchanger 4 includes two, one of them can be connected to one end of the hot end rotary valve 6, is another It is a to be connected to the other end of the hot end rotary valve 6.This is the preferred constructive form of hot end heat exchanger of the invention, i.e., such as Shown in Fig. 4-6, hot end heat exchanger is two of two sides, realizes that two magnetic process of refrigerastion carry out simultaneously, realizes that efficiency is maximized, tied Structure is simplified.
Preferably,
As shown in figure 3, the magnet assembly 1 includes rotor assembly 11 and stator module 12, the stator module 12 is ring Shape structure, the cold-storage bed component 2 are also ring structure, are set between the rotor assembly 11 and the stator module 12 Radial clearance in；It is preferred that the rotor assembly is PM rotor component, the stator module is magnetic stator component.Institute Stating rotor assembly 11 includes at least one sector structure or fan ring structure in circumferential direction, and the rotor assembly 11 can be The radially inner side spatial rotational of the cold-storage bed component 2, and form alternating magnetic field.This is magnet group in magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention The preferred constructive form of part, such as Fig. 3, by setting sector structure or fan ring structure for rotor assembly, stator module is circle Ring structure so that rotor assembly in stator module internal rotating, the alternating magnetic field of circumferential direction can be generated, rotor with The circumferentially opposed part of stator and the part circumferentially not opposite with stator, to realize in the different magnetic gap spaces of cold-storage bed Magnetic working medium generates the effect of excitation or degaussing, realizes multiple magnetic cooling and warming process while progress, realizes that efficiency maximizes.
As shown in figure 3, the permanent magnet element includes that rotor assembly 11 (preferably PM rotor), stator module 12 are (excellent Select magnetic stator)；Cold-storage bed component 2 is fixed with magnetic stator.And PM rotor is rotated with main shaft, works as permanent magnetism Body rotor, when starting to be overlapped in phase, will initially form magnetic field with stator, carry out adding magnetic to cold-storage bed, and work as rotor and stator Phase when being completely coincident, complete plus magnetic process；After completing to add magnetic, offset takes place in the phase of rotor and stator, this When again to cold-storage bed carry out degaussing, when the phase of rotor and stator is completely offset from, complete demagnetization process.Pass through above procedure Reciprocation cycle just realizes the continuous plus magnetic degaussing to magnetic working medium, makes its continuous heat release and heat absorption.
Preferably,
The rotor assembly 11 includes in circumferential direction and two fan ring structures of the distribution that is centrosymmetric.This is this The further preferred structure type of the rotor assembly of invention, such as Fig. 3 are symmetrical two fans ring structure, i.e., each fan Annular occupies 1/4 part of circumferencial direction, and two fan annulars then occupy 1/2 part of circumferencial direction, to realize in its rotation There are two the magnetic working medium in magnetic gap space to be excited in direction, the magnetic working medium in other two magnetic gap space is by the effect of degaussing.
Preferably,
It further include piston pump assembly 7；
Can be connected between the piston pump assembly 7 and the cold-storage bed component 2, and the piston pump assembly 7 with it is described Heat exchanging fluid between cold-storage bed component 2 can be connected to by the hot end rotary valve 6 or the cold end rotary valve 5 realization And it closes between connection and switches over.
This is the structure type of the drive part of magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the invention, by piston pump assembly and cold-storage bed with Cooperation, make to be attached between cold-storage bed and piston cylinder by hot end rotary valve, do not need to be attached by pipeline, realize Compact-sizedization and miniaturization；And Multicarity piston cylinder compression or effect of air-breathing while can be realized multi-cylinder, such as this The preferred embodiment of invention is four piston cylinders, and effect while realizing four cylinder bodies by a device, efficiency greatly mentions It is high；And the fluid driving mechanism using cylindrical cam as magnetic refrigerator, has effectively achieved four or multiple circumferencial directions Piston while reciprocal up and down motion, it is more efficient, and make system more compact.
Preferably,
The piston pump assembly 7 includes the Multicarity piston bore 71 of annular, and the Multicarity piston bore 71 includes diameter Inward wall, radial outer wall and the compression space 72 between the inner radial wall and the radial outer wall, the compression space 72 in axial direction run through the Multicarity piston bore 71；
The piston pump assembly 7 further includes the piston 73 that axially reciprocating can be done in the compression space 72, often A compression space 72 is arranged in correspondence with the piston 73；
The piston pump assembly 7 further includes columned cam 74, is opened along circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cam 74 Equipped with holding tank 741；
One end of the piston 73 is fastened in the compression space 72, the other end of the piston is fastened on the receiving In slot 741, enable the cam 74 rotate when, the piston 73 described one end with the holding tank 741 circumferential direction Change in shape is driven and moves reciprocatingly in the compression space 72.
This is the further preferred structure type of piston pump assembly of the invention, i.e., Multicarity piston bore, be set to Compression space therein and can be in the piston wherein moved, the rotation for reciprocating through columned cam of piston Movement to realize, can be realized during cam rotates a circle two opposite piston synchronous move upwards, two it is opposite Piston synchronous move downward.
Preferably,
Center spacing between lower axial end face of the holding tank 741 apart from the columned cam 74 is circumferentially square To being in the distribution for being gradually increased, being gradually reduced, be gradually increased again and being gradually reduced again, so that the piston 73 is by the holding tank 741 reciprocating motion for rotating drive and doing up and down, rising again and decline again.
As shown in Figure 10, Multicarity plunger cam mechanism, as driving mechanism, effect is driving magnetic refrigerating system Circular fluidic flow.The mechanism is made of cylindrical cam and Multicarity piston cylinder, and cylindrical cam is directly connected by key and main shaft It is connected, when motor drives main axis, cylindrical cam will be rotated.
The cylindrical cam surface is equipped with track corresponding with flow path cycle period profile (i.e. holding tank 741), multi-cavity The piston rod bottom of body piston cylinder is equipped with an idler wheel being in contact with cam path track, when cam rotation, is in contact with it Wheel will pump under the action of the thrust of cam path (or pulling force) and frictional force, and the characteristics of motion is by cam grooved rail Mark equation determines.
The Multicarity piston bore 71, shape are cylindrical shape, and the chamber of four tiles has been uniformly distributed in its heavy wall Body, the shape of piston 73 are then matched with tiles cavity, can be slided up and down in plunger shaft.Pass through setting for cam face grooved rail mark Meter, can make four pistons circumferentially at periodical up and down motion, can be by intracavitary fluid pressure when moving upwards Then make the flows downward in pipeline to the intracavitary of piston cylinder when being reduced among pipeline, and moving downward, so just realizes The reciprocal flowing of fluid in flow path.
The characteristics of such Multicarity plunger cam mechanism is that structure is extremely compact, especially with the disc cam that used in the past It is more prominent that advantage is compared with the radial scheme for arranging multiple piston cylinders.
Preferably,
It further include rotation drive shaft 8, the rotation drive shaft 8, which is worn into the piston pump assembly 7, the hot end, to be rotated Valve 6, the cold-storage bed component 2, in the cold end rotary valve 5, the rotation drive shaft 8 simultaneously with the cam 74, the heat Rotary valve 6 and the cold end rotary valve 5 connection are held, to drive the cam 74, the hot end rotary valve 6 and the cold end simultaneously Rotary valve 5 rotates.The present invention by entire magnetic refrigeration apparatus axially inside direction wear a rotation drive shaft, can will It connect with cam, hot end rotary valve and cold end rotary valve, realizes cam, hot end rotary valve simultaneously by a rotation drive shaft With the synchronous rotation of cold end rotary valve, to drive heat exchanging fluid to pump out or suck back from piston pump, hot end rotary valve is driven to beat It opens the access between piston pump and cold-storage bed or the access closed between access and opening cold-storage bed and hot end heat exchanger, drive Cold end rotary valve opens the access between cold-storage bed and cool end heat exchanger or closes access, so that drive efficiency maximizes, reduces Structure arrangement, structure are more compact.
The complete machine structure principle analysis of magnetic refrigeration rotor of the present invention:
The embodiment that a kind of complete machine structure is proposed according to system flow path principle in Fig. 1,2, including a kind of special valve knot Structure.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view that complete machine is carried out from the D-D plane of Fig. 1 in present embodiment, and Fig. 4 is then the A-A from Fig. 3 The cross-sectional view that plane carries out, fluid flow direction such as arrow expression in Fig. 4.
Complete machine described in present embodiment includes permanent magnet element and cold-storage bed portions part, Multicarity plunger cam mechanism, cold Hold rotary valve, hot end rotary valve and hot and cold side heat exchanger.
As shown in figure 4, the lower end of rotation drive shaft 8 is connected with motor, driving main axis by motor is complete machine Motive power is provided.In complete machine operational process, as the components that main shaft is rotated have: the spool of cold end rotary valve 5, PM rotor component, the spool of hot end rotary valve 6, columned cam 74, and the piston 73 in Multicarity piston bore 71 As cam moves up and down.It is securing part in addition to above-mentioned parts.
Just start to cold-storage at the time of just having initially formed magnetic field with stator for PM rotor at the moment of upper figure Bed component 2 carries out plus magnetic, releases heat since the magnetic working medium magnetic entropy in cold-storage bed reduces at this time.And cold end rotary valve 5 at this time Spool on arcuate socket open the runner (flow to arrow in figure and pass through place) that cool end heat exchanger flows to cold-storage bed, hot end rotation Rotary valve 6 also opens the runner that hot end heat exchanger 4 arrives piston pump assembly 7, so just forms and flows to labelled in arrow in upper figure Runner.When cam is with main axis, two pistons in left and right in figure can be stretched downwards by grooved rail mark thereon, thus Hot fluid in cold-storage bed is taken in hot end heat exchanger and is radiated, this process will be continued for 1/4 swing circle.
As shown in figure 5, phase offset takes place in PM rotor and magnetic stator, forever at this time after the completion of adding magnetic The magnetic field formed between magnet rotor and stator starts gradually to weaken and disappear, i.e., carries out degaussing work to the cold-storage bed rotor stator With making magnetic working medium magnetic entropy therein increase and absorb heat.And the arcuate socket on the spool of cold end rotary valve 5 opens storage at this time Cold bed flows to the runner (flow to arrow in figure and pass through place) of cool end heat exchanger, and hot end rotary valve 6 closes hot end heat exchanger 4 to work The runner for filling in pump assembly 7, so just forms and flows to runner labelled in arrow in upper figure.When cam is with main axis, The two upward rises of piston in left and right in figure can be compressed into the fluid in it by grooved rail mark thereon, thus by cold in cold-storage bed Fluid compression exchanges heat into cool end heat exchanger, this process will be continued for 1/4 swing circle.
Fig. 6 is the complete machine figure that expansion is cutd open by rotating, and two piston cylinders and two cold-storage beds in the cross-sectional view are in Adjacent position, and Fig. 4, Fig. 5 show and are mutually 180 ° of two pistons and two cold-storage beds.Show state at 180 ° Identical cold-storage bed and the situation of piston cylinder at work, and then just formation one is complete for two adjacent piston cylinders and cold-storage bed Whole circuit, i.e. system flow circuit diagram in corresponding diagram 6.On the right side of PM rotor and stator start degaussing to bed on the right side of Fig. 6, make Magnetic working medium magnetic entropy increases and absorbs heat in cold-storage bed, while the upward rise of right survey piston, will be in the cold-storage bed of right side by pressure Cold fluid shift cool end heat exchanger onto and exchange heat；Synchronous, the cold-storage bed in left side is added magnetic and releases heat, in left hand piston Under the action of, the hot fluid in the cold-storage bed of left side, which flows in hot end heat exchanger, to radiate.When left hand piston moves to bottom, Right hand piston moves to top, and next fluid just flows to right side from left side, and two above process just completes a flow path and follows Ring.
By the cycle operation of two above-mentioned processes, the refrigeration cycle of magnetic refrigerator is realized.It should be noted that The fluid that hot end heat exchanger is flowed through in this cyclic process is one-way flow, is existed when so back and forth flowing there is no previous fluid Hold-up volume；Same cool end heat exchanger also achieves single direction flowing, by multiple cold end radiators in upper figure It is made into a big cold end radiator, design has a plurality of mutually independent runner in a cold end radiator, therefore will not deposit In cold fluid and hot fluid mixing phenomena.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.With It is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention described in upper, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, not Under the premise of being detached from the technology of the present invention principle, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as this The protection scope of invention.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of magnetic refrigeration apparatus, it is characterised in that: include:
Magnet assembly (1), can generate alternating magnetic field；
Cold-storage bed component (2), can accommodate magnetic working medium, to make magnetic working medium generate excitation heat release by alternating magnetic field or remove magnetic The effect of heat；
Cool end heat exchanger (3), enable to by the cold-storage bed component by the heat exchanging fluid of magnetic working medium absorbing and cooling temperature in institute State released cold quantity in cool end heat exchanger (3)；
Hot end heat exchanger (4), enable to by the cold-storage bed component by the heat exchanging fluid of magnetic working medium exotherm in institute It states and discharges heat in hot end heat exchanger (4)；
It further include cold end rotary valve (5), cold end rotary valve (5) setting is changed in the cold-storage bed component (2) and the cold end Between hot device (3), and the cold end rotary valve can rotate and make the cold-storage bed component and the cool end heat exchanger (3) it Between heat exchanging fluid be connected to and close connection between switch over；
And/or further include hot end rotary valve (6), the hot end rotary valve (6) setting is in the cold-storage bed component (2) and described Between hot end heat exchanger (4), and the hot end rotary valve (6) can rotate and make the cold-storage bed component (2) and the heat Heat exchanging fluid between end heat exchanger (4) switches between connection and closing connection.
2. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The cold-storage bed component (2) includes the storage cold bed body (21) of ring structure and is provided on the storage cold bed body (21) Magnetic gap space (22), magnetic working medium can be accommodated in the magnetic gap space (22), the magnetic gap space (22) is in the cold-storage bed It is opened up on the axial end face of ontology (21) along axial direction and offers through-hole (211) on the storage cold bed body (21) to allow to change Hot fluid, which enters in the magnetic gap space, to be exchanged heat with the magnetic working medium and magnetic working medium is prevented to deviate from.
3. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
In transversal cross-section, the magnetic gap space (22) is curved slot arrangement；And/or the magnetic gap space (22) is described Store cold bed body (21) circumferencial direction is equally distributed multiple and the shapes and sizes of multiple magnetic gap spaces (22) are homogeneous Deng.
4. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The cold end rotary valve (5) includes cold end rotary valve cover (51) and cold end rotary spool (52), the cold end rotary spool (52) it can be rotated relative to the cold end rotary valve cover (51), being provided on the cold end rotary spool (52) can be with the storage The first through slot (521) of magnetic gap space (22) connection on cold bed component (2) is provided with the on the cold end rotary valve cover (51) One through-hole (511), when the cold end rotary spool (52) rotation is to making the magnetic gap space (22) and first through slot (521) and the first through hole (511) simultaneously it is opposite when, the heat exchanging fluid can be successively from the magnetic gap space (22), institute State the first through slot (521) and the first through hole (511) outflow.
5. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
First through slot (521) is the arc groove to match with magnetic gap space (22) shape, and/or, described first is logical Slot (521) is multiple and circumferentially distributed on the cold end rotary spool (52)；And/or the first through hole (511) is What is opened up on the cold end rotary valve cover (51) is multiple and circumferentially distributed on the cold end rotary valve cover (51).
6. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The cold end rotary valve cover (51) is cirque structure, the cold end rotary spool (52) is also cirque structure, described First through hole (511) on the cold end rotary valve cover (51) axially through through-hole, first through slot (521) is in institute State on cold end rotary spool (52) axially through through slot.
7. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
In multiple first through slots (521), there are at least one first through slots (521) and at least one first through slot (521) The spacing in the center of circle apart from the cold end rotary spool (52) is unequal；In multiple first through hole (511), have at least one The spacing in a first through hole (511) and the center of circle of at least one first through hole (511) apart from the cold end rotary spool (52) is not It is equal；And the first through slot (521) for being located at radially inner side can be by described cold with the first through hole (511) for being located at radially inner side Hold rotary spool (52) rotation and formed it is axially opposing, positioned at radial outside the first through slot (521) be located at radial outside First through hole (511) can be formed by the rotation of the cold end rotary spool (52) it is axially opposing.
8. the magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claim 2-7, it is characterised in that:
The cool end heat exchanger (3) includes the first heat exchanging pipe (31) and the second heat exchanging pipe (32) on its interior, wherein First heat exchanging pipe (31) is connected to at least one magnetic gap space (22) of the cold-storage bed component (2), and described second changes Pipe line (32) is connected to at least one magnetic gap space (22), and first heat exchanging pipe (31) and the second heat exchanging pipe (32) It is not connected to mutually, heat exchanging fluid is in first heat exchanging pipe (31) always along first direction flowing, heat exchanging fluid described the It is flowed in a second direction always in two heat exchanging pipes (32) and the first direction and the second direction is not identical.
9. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
When in multiple first through slots (521), there are at least one first through slot (521) and at least one first through slot (521) away from The spacing in the center of circle from cold end rotary spool (52) is unequal；In multiple first through hole (511), there are at least one first through hole (511) when unequal with the spacing at least one center of circle of the first through hole (511) apart from cold end rotary spool (52):
The arrival end of first heat exchanging pipe (31) is connected to the first through hole (511) for being located at radial outside, and described first changes The outlet end of pipe line (31) is connected to the first through hole (511) for being located at radially inner side；And/or second heat exchanging pipe (32) arrival end be located at radial outside first through hole (511) be connected to, the outlet end of second heat exchanging pipe (32) and First through hole (511) positioned at radially inner side is connected to.
10. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that:
The hot end rotary valve (6) includes hot end rotary valve cover (61) and hot end rotary spool (62), the hot end rotary spool (62) it can be rotated relative to the hot end rotary valve cover (61), being provided on the hot end rotary spool (62) can be with the storage Magnetic gap space (22) on cold bed component (2) edge along the second through slot (621) being axially connected to, the hot end rotary valve cover (61) The second through-hole (611) axially are provided with, when the hot end rotary spool (62) rotation is to making the magnetic gap space (22) and institute State the second through-hole (611) and second through slot (621) it is opposite simultaneously when, heat exchanging fluid can be successively from second through slot (621), second through-hole (611) flows into the magnetic gap space (22).
11. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 10, it is characterised in that:
On the hot end rotary spool (62), from second through slot (621) circumferential different position also radially It offers third through slot (622), third through-hole (612) is also radially offered on the hot end rotary valve cover (61), when described When hot end rotary spool (62) rotation to the third through-hole (612) and the opposite third through slot (622), enable to fluid Pass sequentially through the third through-hole (612), the third through slot (622) enters the lower section of the hot end rotary spool (62).
12. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 11, it is characterised in that:
The hot end rotary valve cover (61) includes the end plate (613) of circular ring shape and is connected to the end plate radially outer edge and towards axial direction The annular outer (614) of extension, the third through-hole (612) and second through-hole (611) are located at the hot end rotary valve cover (61) in same circumferential direction and second through-hole (611) be set on the end plate (613) and along axially through, described the Three through-holes (612) are set on the annular outer (614) and radially penetrate through.
13. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 11, it is characterised in that:
The fourth hole (23) of perforation, the fourth hole (23) are radially also provided on the cold-storage bed component (2) One end is connected to the magnetic gap space (22), the other end can be communicated to one end of the hot end heat exchanger (4), and the hot end is changed The other end of hot device (4) can be communicated to the third through slot (622) of the hot end rotary spool (62)；And/or described Two through slots (621) are also the arc groove to match with magnetic gap space (22) shape.
14. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 to 13, it is characterised in that:
The hot end heat exchanger (4) includes two, one of them can be connected to one end of the hot end rotary valve (6), is another It is a to be connected to the other end of the hot end rotary valve (6).
15. magnetic refrigeration apparatus described in any one of -14 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The magnet assembly (1) includes rotor assembly (11) and stator module (12), and the stator module (12) is ring structure, The cold-storage bed component (2) is also ring structure, is set between the rotor assembly (11) and the stator module (12) In radial clearance；The rotor assembly (11) includes at least one sector structure or fan ring structure, the rotor assembly (11) Alternating magnetic field can be formed in the radially inner side spatial rotational of the cold-storage bed component (2).
16. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 15, it is characterised in that:
The rotor assembly (11) includes in circumferential direction and two fan ring structures of the distribution that is centrosymmetric.
17. magnetic refrigeration apparatus described in any one of -16 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It further include piston pump assembly (7)；
It can be connected between the piston pump assembly (7) and the cold-storage bed component (2), and the piston pump assembly (7) and institute The heat exchanging fluid stated between cold-storage bed component (2) can be real by the hot end rotary valve (6) or the cold end rotary valve (5) It is switched between connection now and closing connection.
18. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 17, it is characterised in that:
The piston pump assembly (7) includes the Multicarity piston bore (71) of annular, and the Multicarity piston bore (71) includes Inner radial wall, radial outer wall and the compression space (72) between the inner radial wall and the radial outer wall, the compression The Multicarity piston bore (71) is in axial direction run through in space (72)；
The piston pump assembly (7) further includes the piston (73) that axially reciprocating can be done in the compression space (72), Each compression space (72) is arranged in correspondence with the piston (73)；
The piston pump assembly (7) further includes columned cam (74), on the outer peripheral surface of the cam (74) along circumferential direction Offer holding tank (741)；
One end of the piston (73) is fastened in the compression space (72), the other end of the piston is fastened on the receiving In slot (741), enable the cam (74) rotate when, the piston (73) described one end with the holding tank (741) circumferential shape variation is driven and moves reciprocatingly in the compression space (72).
19. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 18, it is characterised in that:
Center spacing between lower axial end face of the holding tank (741) apart from the columned cam (74) is circumferentially square To being in the distribution for being gradually increased, being gradually reduced, be gradually increased again and being gradually reduced again, so that the piston (73) is by the receiving Slot (741) rotates the reciprocating motion for driving and doing up and down, rising again and decline again.
20. magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 18, it is characterised in that:
It further include rotation drive shaft (8), the rotation drive shaft (8), which wears into the piston pump assembly (7), the hot end, revolves Rotary valve (6), the cold-storage bed component (2), in the cold end rotary valve (5), the rotation drive shaft (8) simultaneously with the cam (74), the hot end rotary valve (6) and the cold end rotary valve (5) connection, to drive the cam (74), the hot end simultaneously Rotary valve (6) and the cold end rotary valve (5) rotation.
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CN112285853A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-01-29 胡满 Ventilation heat dissipation type optical cable divides fine case

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