CN109703061B - Carbon fiber hand plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon fiber hand plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109703061B CN109703061B CN201910027838.2A CN201910027838A CN109703061B CN 109703061 B CN109703061 B CN 109703061B CN 201910027838 A CN201910027838 A CN 201910027838A CN 109703061 B CN109703061 B CN 109703061B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon fiber hand plate, which comprises the following steps: carrying out CNC (computerized numerical control) processing on the carbon fiber block or the high-temperature-resistant plastic block to obtain a hand plate blank; and (3) carrying out strengthening treatment on the surface of the hand plate blank by using a carbon fiber material. According to the invention, a hand plate blank is obtained by carrying out CNC (computerized numerical control) processing on a carbon fiber block or a high-temperature-resistant plastic block, and then the hand plate blank is subjected to strengthening treatment to obtain a hand plate product; on one hand, the preparation method does not need a corresponding die for molding, thereby effectively saving the die cost and the time cost for designing and manufacturing the die and shortening the development cycle of the hand plate product; on the other hand, the obtained hand plate product has high precision controllability and stability, and has higher tensile strength, tensile modulus and shear strength and high rigidity compared with the hand plate product prepared by the traditional mold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hand plate processing, in particular to a carbon fiber hand plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the traditional carbon fiber hand plate product manufacturing technology, no matter sample preparation, volume production, all need design, make corresponding mould for the shaping product, not only the time cost of mould manufacturing is high, and product development cycle is long, and is with high costs, and the carbon fiber hand plate product size precision controllability that adopts the mould production moreover is poor, poor stability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the carbon fiber hand plate and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention better overcome the problems and defects of the prior art.
A preparation method of a carbon fiber hand plate comprises the following steps:
carrying out CNC (computerized numerical control) processing on the carbon fiber block or the high-temperature-resistant plastic block to obtain a hand plate blank;
and (3) carrying out strengthening treatment on the surface of the hand plate blank by using a carbon fiber material.
Further, the preparation process of the hand plate blank piece comprises the following steps: according to the design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate, a multi-axis numerical control processing device is adopted, and carbon fiber blocks or high-temperature-resistant plastic blocks are directly processed to obtain hand plate blank pieces through one or more of drilling, cutting, milling, cutting and turning.
Further, the preparation process of the hand plate blank piece comprises the following steps:
fully splitting an assembly structure in a design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate, then correspondingly designing the assembly structure into a plurality of part drawings, then designing a connection scheme between adjacent parts in advance according to different stress states of the parts, and correspondingly designing each connection structure drawing;
according to the plurality of part drawings and the connection structure drawing, carbon fiber block materials or high-temperature-resistant plastic block materials are used as raw materials, and a plurality of part blanks and connection structure blanks are processed through numerical control processing equipment;
processing the connecting parts of the part blanks smoothly and orderly, smearing low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue between the contact surfaces of the adjacent part blanks according to a design drawing of a hand plate and a pre-designed connecting mode, fixing by adopting a positioning jig, and baking at a low temperature;
and (3) polishing the surface of the hand plate blank obtained by low-temperature baking to be smooth, filling low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue at the joint, and then baking and curing at low temperature.
Further, the carbon fiber block is prepared by the following method:
according to the design requirements of mechanical structures, a plurality of carbon fiber prepregs with the same specification obtained by cutting are paved layer by layer, and then a plurality of layers of carbon fiber prepregs paved layer by layer are pressurized by a cold press to obtain a preformed blank;
correspondingly paving and pasting a plurality of preformed blanks piece by piece from bottom to top, and then carrying out hot-pressing curing treatment on the paved preformed blanks by a hot press, wherein the hot-pressing curing treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the temperature of a hot press to 75-85 ℃ to perform constant-temperature hot pressing on a plurality of layers of preformed blanks for 18-37 min; heating the hot press to 145-155 ℃ and carrying out constant-temperature curing on a plurality of layers of preformed blanks, wherein the pressure of the hot press is kept at 30-50 kgf/cm in the whole heating process2Heating at a rate of 1-6 ℃/min to obtain a carbon fiber block material;
and (3) baking the carbon fiber block material in an oven at 180-200 ℃ for 50-70 min.
Further, in the hot press curing process: before the temperature of a hot press is raised, carrying out normal-temperature pressurization pretreatment on a plurality of layers of preformed blanks for 5-10 min, wherein the pressure in the pretreatment process is 50～100kgf/cm2。
Further, the strengthening treatment process comprises the following steps: brushing a low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer with the thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm on the surface of the hand plate blank, performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, then paving a carbon fiber prepreg on the surface of the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer, then placing the hand plate blank with the carbon fiber prepreg paved on the surface in a vacuum bag for vacuumizing and sealing, and placing in an oven at the temperature of 145-200 ℃ for baking for 30-60 min.
Further, the strengthening treatment process comprises the following steps: spraying an adhesive layer with the thickness of 0.1-0.25 mm on the surface of the hand board blank, performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, then paving and pasting carbon fiber woven cloth on the surface of the adhesive layer, brushing low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue on the surface of the carbon fiber woven cloth to soak the carbon fiber woven cloth, standing and curing at room temperature for 10-18 min, brushing a layer of the low-temperature epoxy resin glue layer, and standing and curing at the room temperature or curing at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
Further, the strengthening treatment process comprises the following steps: spraying an adhesive layer on the surface of the hand plate blank, performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, then paving carbon fiber dry cloth on the surface of the adhesive layer, paving demoulding cloth, a flow guide net, a plurality of flow guide pipes, an air felt and a vacuum film on the surface of the carbon fiber dry cloth layer by layer, placing the paved product in a vacuum bag for sealing, reserving an epoxy resin inlet and an epoxy resin outlet at two ends of the product, connecting a guide pipe to the inlet, inserting the guide pipe into the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive, connecting a vacuum pump to the outlet, vacuumizing by using the vacuum pump, allowing the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive to enter the product under the action of vacuum pressure, sealing the inlet and the outlet after soaking the carbon fiber dry cloth, and standing and curing at normal temperature.
Further, the strengthening treatment process comprises the following steps: spraying an adhesive layer on the surface of the hand plate blank, laying a short carbon fiber layer on the surface of the adhesive layer, brushing low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive on the surface of the short carbon fiber layer to enable the short carbon fiber layer to be soaked, and standing and curing at room temperature or at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
Furthermore, the high-temperature resistant plastic block material adopts polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ether-ketone, fiber-added polybutylene terephthalate or nylon and fiber.
The invention also provides a hand plate prepared by the preparation method of the carbon fiber hand plate.
Compared with the prior art, the carbon fiber hand plate and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a carbon fiber block or a high-temperature-resistant plastic block is processed by CNC to obtain a hand plate blank, and then the surface of the hand plate blank is subjected to strengthening treatment by the carbon fiber material to obtain a hand plate product; on one hand, the preparation method does not need a corresponding die for molding, thereby effectively saving the die cost and the time cost for designing and manufacturing the die and shortening the development cycle of the hand plate product; on the other hand, the obtained hand plate product has high precision controllability and stability, and has higher tensile strength, tensile modulus and shear strength and high rigidity compared with the hand plate product prepared by the traditional mold.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon fiber hand plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded structural schematic view of a carbon fiber hand plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
1-a first part;
2-a linking structure;
3-second part.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention.
This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
The terms as used herein:
the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of … …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of … …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when the range "1 ~ 5" is disclosed, the ranges described should be construed to include the ranges "1 ~ 4", "1 ~ 3", "1 ~ 2 and 4 ~ 5", "1 ~ 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
"and/or" is used to indicate that one or both of the illustrated conditions may occur, e.g., A and/or B includes (A and B) and (A or B);
in addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and singular forms of an element or component also include plural forms unless the number clearly indicates the singular.
A preparation method of a carbon fiber hand plate comprises the following steps:
carrying out CNC (computerized numerical control) processing on the carbon fiber block or the high-temperature-resistant plastic block to obtain a hand plate blank;
and (3) carrying out strengthening treatment on the surface of the hand plate blank by using a carbon fiber material.
Preferably, the high temperature resistant plastic block can be a polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) block, a Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) block, a fibrillated polybutylene terephthalate (fibrillated PBT) block, or a nylon fibrillated block, which are commercially available.
Preferably, the carbon fiber block is prepared by the following method:
(1) according to the design requirements of mechanical structures, a plurality of carbon fiber prepregs with the same specification obtained by cutting are paved layer by layer, and then a plurality of layers of carbon fiber prepregs paved layer by layer are pressurized by a cold press to obtain a preformed blank.
The carbon fiber prepreg is a composite material produced by processing materials such as carbon fiber yarn, epoxy resin, release paper, etc. through processes such as coating, hot pressing, cooling, coating, winding, etc., and is called a carbon fiber prepreg, also called a carbon fiber prepreg. The carbon fiber prepreg has the characteristics of high strength, small density, good plasticity, corrosion resistance and long service life.
The pressure adopted in the process of pressurization treatment by the cold press is 90-110 kgf/cm2Such as 90kgf/cm2、100kgf/cm2Or 110kgf/cm2And the treatment time is 5-10 min, such as 5min, 8min or 10min, and the like, so that a plurality of carbon fiber prepreg layers are fully arranged among the layersAnd (5) tightly attaching to obtain a preformed blank for later use.
(2) And correspondingly paving and pasting a plurality of the preformed blanks piece by piece from bottom to top, and then carrying out hot-pressing curing treatment on the paved preformed blanks by a hot press.
The hot-pressing curing treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out normal-temperature pressurization pretreatment on a plurality of paved preformed blanks, and then carrying out constant-temperature hot pressing on the plurality of paved preformed blanks for 18-37 min by raising the temperature of a hot press to 75-85 ℃; and then heating the hot press to 145-155 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature curing on the paved and pasted plurality of preformed blanks for 30-45 min to obtain the carbon fiber block material.
The pressure used in the pretreatment process is 50-100 kgf/cm2E.g. 50kgf/cm2、60kgf/cm2、70kgf/cm2、80kgf/cm2、90kgf/cm2Or 110kgf/cm2And the pretreatment time is 5-10 min, such as 5min, 8min or 10 min. Keeping the pressure of the hot press to be 30-50 kgf/cm in the whole temperature rising process2Such as 30kgf/cm2、40kgf/cm2Or 50kgf/cm2And the like, wherein the heating rate is 1-6 ℃/min, such as 1 ℃/min, 2 ℃/min, 3 ℃/min, 4 ℃/min, 5 ℃/min or 6 ℃/min and the like.
(3) And (3) placing the obtained carbon fiber block material in an oven at 180-200 ℃, such as 180 ℃, 190 ℃ or 200 ℃, and baking for 50-70 min, such as 50min, 60min or 70min, so that the carbon fiber block material can fully release internal stress.
Preferably, in an embodiment, the preparation process of the hand panel blank specifically includes: according to the design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate, a multi-axis numerical control processing device (multi-axis CNC) is adopted, and carbon fiber blocks or high-temperature-resistant plastic blocks are directly processed to obtain hand plate blank pieces through one or more of the processing modes of drilling, cutting, milling, cutting, turning and the like.
Preferably, in another embodiment, the preparation process of the hand panel blank specifically comprises:
s1, fully splitting an assembly structure in a design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate into a plurality of parts, correspondingly designing the parts into a plurality of part drawings, then designing a connection scheme between adjacent parts in advance according to different stress states of the parts, and correspondingly designing each connection structure drawing;
s2, processing a plurality of part blanks and connection structure blanks by using carbon fiber blocks or high-temperature-resistant plastic blocks as processing raw materials through numerical control processing equipment according to the plurality of part drawings and the connection structure drawings;
s3, smoothly and orderly processing the connection parts of the plurality of part blanks, smearing low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue between the contact surfaces of the adjacent part blanks according to the design drawing of the hand plate and the pre-designed connection mode, fixing by adopting a positioning jig, and baking at low temperature to ensure that the thickness of the glue layer is 0.1-0.25 mm, thereby ensuring the basic strength and structure of the hand plate blank;
s4, polishing the surface of the hand plate blank obtained by low-temperature baking to be smooth, filling low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue at the joint, and then baking and curing at low temperature.
The low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive is prepared by mixing epoxy resin and a curing agent according to the mass ratio of (3-2): 1 is as shown in 3: 1. 2.5: 1 or 2: 1, the low-temperature baking temperature is 60-100 ℃, and the baking time is 50-80 min.
Preferably, in the first embodiment, the strengthening treatment process includes: brushing a low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer with the thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm on the surface of the hand plate blank, wherein the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive is prepared by mixing epoxy resin and a curing agent according to the following formula (3-2): 1, performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, enabling fingers to be in contact with an adhesive layer to have sticky feeling and not to draw wires, then paving carbon fiber prepreg on the surface of the semi-cured low-temperature cured epoxy resin adhesive layer, placing a hand board blank with the carbon fiber prepreg paved on the surface in a vacuum bag for vacuumizing and sealing, and finally placing in an oven at the temperature of 145-200 ℃ for baking for 30-60 min.
Preferably, in a second embodiment, the strengthening treatment process includes: spraying an adhesive layer with the thickness of 0.1-0.25 mm on the surface of the hand board blank, semi-curing at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, enabling fingers to be in contact with the adhesive layer to have sticky feeling and not to be drawn, then paving a carbon fiber woven fabric on the surface of the adhesive layer, fully fitting and compacting, then brushing a low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive on the surface of the carbon fiber woven fabric, enabling the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive to be free from sagging due to leveling, infiltrating the carbon fiber woven fabric, standing and curing at room temperature for 10-18 min, brushing a layer of the low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive layer, enabling the layer of the low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive layer to flow smoothly, and finally standing and curing at room temperature or curing at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
It should be noted that the adhesive is Super77 multipurpose spray adhesive produced by 3M company, and low temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive may also be used. The carbon fiber woven cloth can adopt materials such as 3K plain twill, 1K twill plain twill, 1.5K plain twill, glass fiber cloth or aramid fiber carbon fiber mixed woven cloth. The low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive adopts a low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive with the glass transition temperature Tg of 60-80 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is (3-1): 1.
preferably, in a third embodiment, the strengthening treatment process includes: spraying an adhesive layer on the surface of the hand plate blank, performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, enabling fingers to contact with the adhesive layer to be sticky and not to draw wires, then paving carbon fiber dry cloth on the surface of the adhesive layer, fully and tightly laminating, then paving demoulding cloth, a flow guide net, a plurality of flow guide pipes, an air-permeable felt and a vacuum film on the surface of the carbon fiber dry cloth layer by using a resin transfer technology, placing the paved product in a vacuum bag for sealing, reserving an epoxy resin inlet and an outlet at two ends of the product, connecting a pipe to the inlet, inserting the pipe into low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive, connecting the outlet to a vacuum pump, vacuumizing by using the vacuum pump, enabling the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive to enter the interior of the product under the action of vacuum pressure, sealing the inlet and the outlet after soaking the carbon fiber dry cloth, and standing and curing at normal temperature.
The adhesive layer is Super77 multipurpose spray adhesive produced by 3M company, and can also be low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive with glass transition temperature Tg of 60-80 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is (3-1): 1. the number of the honeycomb ducts is laid according to the size of the actual product, and can be 2, 3, 4 or 5.
Preferably, in a fourth embodiment, the strengthening treatment process includes: spraying an adhesive layer on the surface of the hand plate blank, then uniformly spreading a short carbon fiber layer on the surface of the adhesive layer, compacting the adhesive layer by hand under sufficient pressure, then brushing and coating low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive on the surface of the short carbon fiber layer to enable the short carbon fiber layer to be soaked in the epoxy resin adhesive, standing and curing at room temperature or curing at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and finally trimming redundant resin burrs.
The adhesive layer is Super77 multipurpose spray adhesive manufactured by 3M company and used for fixing the laid short carbon fiber filaments. The low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive also adopts a low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive with the glass transition temperature Tg of 60-80 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is (3-1): 1.
preferably, the preparation method of the carbon fiber and carbon fiber hand plate further comprises the following steps: and carrying out surface roughening treatment and ultrasonic cleaning on the carbon fiber hand plate rough blank subjected to the strengthening treatment, and then drying and spraying paint.
The surface roughening treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out sand blasting treatment on the carbon fiber hand plate rough blank subjected to the strengthening treatment by using 60-80-mesh brown corundum sand, wherein the sand blasting air pressure is controlled to be 3-6 atmospheric pressures; then, the grinding treatment is performed smoothly by using No. 800 coarse sand paper and the fine treatment is performed by using No. 1000 fine sand paper in sequence.
It should be noted that the low-temperature cured epoxy resin adhesive is used within 30min after being prepared, and the low-temperature cured epoxy resin adhesive after exceeding 30min needs to be scrapped and prepared again according to a proportion.
The invention also provides a carbon fiber hand plate prepared by the preparation method of the carbon fiber hand plate.
According to the invention, a hand plate blank is obtained by carrying out CNC (computerized numerical control) processing on a carbon fiber block or a high-temperature-resistant plastic block, and then the hand plate blank is subjected to strengthening treatment to obtain a hand plate product; on one hand, the preparation method does not need a corresponding die for molding, thereby effectively saving the die cost and the time cost for designing and manufacturing the die and shortening the development cycle of the hand plate product; on the other hand, the obtained hand plate product has high precision controllability and stability, and has higher tensile strength, tensile modulus and shear strength and high rigidity compared with the hand plate product prepared by the traditional mold.
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated in detail by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following detailed process equipment and process flow, which means that the present invention should not be implemented by relying on the detailed process equipment and process flow. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Example 1
Taking the carbon fiber hand plate with the structure shown in fig. 1 as an example, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing carbon fiber block materials:
(1) according to the design requirement of a mechanical structure, 10 carbon fiber prepregs with the same specification obtained by cutting are paved and pasted layer by layer, and then 10 layers of carbon fiber prepregs paved and pasted layer by layer are placed on a cold pressing machine table to be pressurized to 90kgf/cm2Processing for 10min under pressure to obtain a preformed blank; this step was repeated 10 times to obtain 10 preform bodies.
(2) Correspondingly paving and pasting the 10 preformed blanks piece by piece from bottom to top, then putting the paved and pasted 10 preformed blanks on a pallet of a hot press, firstly pressurizing to 50kgf/cm2 at normal temperature for pretreatment for 10min, and fully pressing and compacting the preformed blanks; then heating the hot press to 75 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and carrying out constant-temperature hot pressing on the 10 paved preformed blanks for 37 min; and then continuously heating to 145 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min to keep the temperature of 10 paved preformed blanks constant for 45min so as to completely cure the carbon fiber prepreg in the preformed blanks, and keeping the pressure of the hot press at 30kgf/cm2 in the whole heating process to obtain the carbon fiber block.
(3) Removing leftover materials and overflowing resin from the obtained carbon fiber block material, baking the carbon fiber block material in a baking oven at 180 ℃ for 70min, and taking out the carbon fiber block material for natural cooling to enable the carbon fiber block material to fully release internal stress.
Step two, preparing a hand plate blank piece:
(1) as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the assembly structure according to the design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate shown in fig. 1 is fully disassembled into a first part 1 and a second part 3, the part drawings of the first part 1 and the second part 3 are designed correspondingly, then the connection scheme between the two parts is designed in advance according to different stress states of the two parts, and the corresponding drawing of the connection structure 2 is designed correspondingly;
(2) processing blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and blanks of the connecting structure 2 by using the carbon fiber block materials as raw materials through numerical control processing equipment (CNC) according to the part drawing and the connecting structure drawing;
(3) processing the connecting parts of the blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and the blank of the connecting structure 2 smoothly and orderly, coating low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue (the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 3: 1) between the contact surfaces of the blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and the blank of the connecting structure 2 according to a design drawing of the hand plate and a pre-designed connecting mode, fixing by adopting a positioning jig, and baking and curing at 60 ℃ for 80min to ensure that the thickness of the glue layer is 0.1mm, thereby obtaining the hand plate blank.
(4) Polishing the surface of the hand plate blank smoothly, supplementing low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue (the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 3: 1) at a joint, baking and curing for 60min at 60 ℃, then flattening the joint, carrying out sand blasting treatment on 80-mesh brown corundum sand (the sand blasting air pressure is controlled to be 5 atmospheric pressures), then sequentially polishing the surface subjected to sand blasting treatment by using No. 800 sand paper and finely processing by using No. 1200 sand paper, finally carrying out ultrasonic cleaning, and drying for later use.
Step three, strengthening treatment:
coating a low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to a curing agent is 3: 1) layer with the thickness of 0.3mm on the surface of the obtained hand plate blank, semi-curing at the temperature of 80 ℃, enabling a finger to contact the adhesive layer to have sticky feeling and not to draw wires, then paving a carbon fiber prepreg on the surface of the semi-cured low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer, placing the hand plate blank with the carbon fiber prepreg paved on the surface in a vacuum bag, vacuumizing and sealing, and finally placing in a drying oven at the temperature of 160 ℃ for baking for 40 min.
Step four, appearance treatment:
and (3) performing burr cleaning and sand blasting treatment (sand blasting pressure is controlled at 5 atmospheric pressure) on the hand plate product obtained by the strengthening treatment, then smoothly polishing the surface by using No. 800 sand paper, finely processing the surface by using No. 1200 sand paper, then performing ultrasonic cleaning, drying at 80 ℃, and then spraying epoxy resin paint special for carbon fiber to obtain a carbon fiber hand plate finished product.
Example 2
Taking the carbon fiber hand plate with the structure shown in fig. 1 as an example, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing carbon fiber block materials:
(1) according to the design requirement of a mechanical structure, 10 carbon fiber prepregs with the same specification obtained by cutting are paved and pasted layer by layer, and then 10 layers of carbon fiber prepregs paved and pasted layer by layer are placed on a cold pressing machine table to be pressurized to 100kgf/cm2Processing under pressure for 8min to obtain a preformed blank; this step was repeated 10 times to obtain 10 preform bodies.
(2) Correspondingly paving and pasting the 10 preformed blanks piece by piece from bottom to top, then putting the paved and pasted 10 preformed blanks on a pallet of a hot press, pressurizing to 80kgf/cm2 at normal temperature for pretreatment for 8min, and fully pressing and compacting the preformed blanks; then heating the hot press to 80 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, and carrying out constant-temperature hot pressing on the 10 paved preformed blanks for 28 min; and then continuously heating to 150 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min to keep the temperature of the laid 10 pre-molded blanks constant for 40min so as to completely cure the carbon fiber pre-molded blanks in the pre-molded blanks, and keeping the pressure of the hot press at 40kgf/cm2 in the whole heating process to obtain the carbon fiber block.
(3) Removing leftover materials and overflowing resin from the obtained carbon fiber block material, baking the carbon fiber block material in a baking oven at 190 ℃ for 60min, and taking out the carbon fiber block material for natural cooling to enable the carbon fiber block material to fully release internal stress.
Step two, preparing a hand plate blank piece:
(1) as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the assembly structure according to the design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate shown in fig. 1 is fully disassembled into a first part 1 and a second part 3, the part drawings of the first part 1 and the second part 3 are designed correspondingly, then the connection scheme between the two parts is designed in advance according to different stress states of the two parts, and the corresponding drawing of the connection structure 2 is designed correspondingly;
(2) processing blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and blanks of the connecting structure 2 by using the carbon fiber block materials as raw materials through numerical control processing equipment (CNC) according to the part drawing and the connecting structure drawing;
(3) processing the connecting parts of the blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and the blank of the connecting structure 2 smoothly and orderly, coating low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue (the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 2: 1) between the contact surfaces of the blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and the blank of the connecting structure 2 according to a design drawing of the hand plate and a pre-designed connecting mode, fixing by adopting a positioning jig, and baking and curing at 80 ℃ for 70min to ensure that the thickness of the glue layer is 0.2mm to obtain a hand plate blank.
(4) Polishing the surface of the hand plate blank smoothly, supplementing low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to a curing agent is 2: 1) at a joint, baking and curing for 60min at 60 ℃, then flattening the joint, performing sand blasting treatment (the sand blasting pressure is controlled to be 3 atmospheric pressures) by using 60-mesh brown corundum sand, then sequentially polishing the surface subjected to sand blasting treatment by using No. 800 sand paper and performing fine treatment by using No. 1200 sand paper, finally performing ultrasonic cleaning, and drying for later use.
Step three, strengthening treatment:
spraying a low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to a curing agent is 2: 1) layer with the thickness of 0.2mm on the surface of the hand plate blank, semi-curing at the temperature of 80 ℃, enabling fingers to contact the adhesive layer to have sticky feeling and not to draw wires, then paving and pasting carbon fiber woven cloth on the surface of the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer, fully pasting and tightly, then brushing the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to the curing agent is 2: 1) on the surface of the carbon fiber woven cloth, enabling the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive to be free from sagging in a leveling mode, enabling the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive to soak the carbon fiber woven cloth, standing and curing at room temperature for 15min, brushing a low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to the curing agent is 2: 1) layer, enabling the layer of the low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive to flow smoothly, and finally standing and curing at room temperature.
Step four, appearance treatment:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly performing burr cleaning on a hand plate product obtained through the strengthening treatment and performing sand blasting treatment by adopting brown corundum sand (sand blasting air pressure is controlled to be 3 atmospheric pressures), then smoothly polishing the surface by using No. 800 sand paper and finely processing the surface by using No. 1200 sand paper, then performing ultrasonic cleaning, drying at 80 ℃, and then spraying epoxy resin paint special for carbon fiber to obtain a carbon fiber hand plate finished product.
Example 3
Taking the carbon fiber hand plate with the structure shown in fig. 1 as an example, the preparation method comprises the following steps: :
step one, preparing carbon fiber block materials:
(1) according to the design requirement of a mechanical structure, 10 carbon fiber prepregs with the same specification obtained by cutting are paved and pasted layer by layer, and then 10 layers of carbon fiber prepregs paved and pasted layer by layer are placed on a cold pressing machine table to be pressurized to 110kgf/cm2Treating under pressure for 5min to obtain a preformed blank; this step was repeated 10 times to obtain 10 preform bodies.
(2) Correspondingly paving and pasting the 10 preformed blanks piece by piece from bottom to top, then placing the paved and pasted 10 preformed blanks on a pallet of a hot press, and pressurizing to 100kgf/cm at normal temperature2Pretreating for 5min to make the pre-shaped blank bodies fully pressed and compacted; then heating the hot press to 75 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, and carrying out constant-temperature hot pressing on the 10 paved preformed blanks for 37 min; then continuously heating to 155 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min to keep the temperature of the laid 10 preformed blanks constant for 30min to ensure that the carbon fiber in the preformed blanks is pre-impregnatedFully curing, and maintaining the pressure of the hot press at 50kgf/cm during the whole temperature rising process2And obtaining the carbon fiber block material.
(4) Removing leftover materials and overflowing resin from the obtained carbon fiber block material, baking the carbon fiber block material in a baking oven at 200 ℃ for 60min, and taking out the carbon fiber block material for natural cooling to enable the carbon fiber block material to fully release internal stress.
Step two, preparing a hand plate blank piece:
(1) as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the assembly structure according to the design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate shown in fig. 1 is fully disassembled into a first part 1 and a second part 3, the part drawings of the first part 1 and the second part 3 are designed correspondingly, then the connection scheme between the two parts is designed in advance according to different stress states of the two parts, and the corresponding drawing of the connection structure 2 is designed correspondingly;
(2) processing blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and blanks of the connecting structure 2 by using the carbon fiber block materials as raw materials through numerical control processing equipment (CNC) according to the part drawing and the connecting structure drawing;
(3) the connecting parts of the blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and the blank of the connecting structure 2 are processed smoothly and orderly, low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue (the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 2.5: 1) is coated between the contact surfaces of the blanks of the first part 1 and the second part 3 and the blank of the connecting structure 2 according to a design drawing of the hand plate and a pre-designed connecting mode, then the hand plate is fixed by adopting a positioning jig, and the hand plate is baked and cured for 60min at 80 ℃ to ensure that the thickness of the glue layer is 0.25mm, so that a hand plate blank is obtained.
(4) Polishing the surface of the hand plate blank smoothly, supplementing low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to a curing agent is 2.5: 1) at a joint, baking and curing for 60min at 60 ℃, then flattening the joint, performing sand blasting treatment (the sand blasting air pressure is controlled to be 4 atm) by 80-mesh brown corundum sand, then sequentially polishing the surface subjected to sand blasting treatment by 800 # abrasive paper and finely processing by 1200 # abrasive paper, finally performing ultrasonic cleaning, and drying for later use.
Step three, strengthening treatment:
spraying a low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to a curing agent is 1: 1) layer on the surface of the hand plate blank, semi-curing at 60 ℃, contacting the adhesive layer with fingers to have sticky feeling and not drawing wires, then paving carbon fiber dry cloth on the surface of the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer, fully laminating and compacting, paving demoulding cloth, a flow guide net, 4 flow guide pipes, an air-permeable felt and a vacuum film on the surface of the carbon fiber dry cloth layer by using a resin transfer technology, placing the laid product in a vacuum bag for sealing, reserving an epoxy resin inlet and an epoxy resin outlet at two ends of the product, connecting a conduit to the inlet, inserting the conduit into the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to the curing agent is 1: 1), connecting the outlet to a vacuum pump for vacuum pumping, and enabling the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive to enter the interior of the product under the action of vacuum pressure, and after soaking the carbon fiber dry cloth, sealing the inlet and the outlet, and standing and curing at normal temperature.
Step four, appearance treatment:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly performing burr cleaning on a hand plate product obtained through the strengthening treatment and performing sand blasting treatment by adopting brown corundum sand (sand blasting air pressure is controlled to be 4 atmospheric pressures), then smoothly polishing the surface by using No. 800 sand paper and finely processing the surface by using No. 1200 sand paper, then performing ultrasonic cleaning, drying at 80 ℃, and then spraying epoxy resin paint special for carbon fiber to obtain a carbon fiber hand plate finished product.
Example 4
The difference from example 3 is that: replacing the strengthening treatment in the third step with: spraying a Super77 multipurpose spray adhesive layer produced by 3M company on the surface of the hand plate blank, then uniformly spreading a short carbon fiber layer on the surface of the adhesive layer, fully compacting by hand, brushing and coating low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive (the mass ratio of epoxy resin to curing agent is 1: 1) on the surface of the short carbon fiber layer to soak the short carbon fiber layer, standing and curing at room temperature, and finally trimming redundant resin burrs; the rest is the same as example 3.
Example 5
The difference from example 3 is that: replacing the process for preparing the hand plate blank in the step two by: according to a design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate, directly processing a carbon fiber block material to obtain a hand plate blank by adopting multi-axis numerical control processing equipment through processing modes of drilling, cutting, milling, cutting and turning; the rest is the same as example 3.
Example 6
The difference from example 3 is that: replacing the raw material carbon fiber block with a commercially available polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) block; the rest is the same as example 3.
Example 7
The difference from example 3 is that: replacing the raw material carbon fiber block material with a commercially available nylon fiber adding block material; the rest is the same as example 3.
Example 8
The difference from example 3 is that: replacing the raw material carbon fiber block material with a commercially available fiber-added PBT block material; the rest is the same as example 3.
The carbon fiber hand plate finished products prepared in the embodiments 1 to 8 of the invention are subjected to performance detection, and the detection results are shown in the following table 1.
Wherein, tensile strength and tensile modulus: detecting according to GB/T3354-2014 standard;
specific strength and specific modulus: the detection is carried out according to the GB/T3354 standard.
Shear strength: the detection is carried out according to the GB/T3355-2005 standard.
TABLE 1
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the formulation and preparation process of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a carbon fiber hand plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
fully splitting an assembly structure in a design drawing of the carbon fiber hand plate, then correspondingly designing the assembly structure into a plurality of part drawings, then designing a connection scheme between adjacent parts in advance according to different stress states of the parts, and correspondingly designing each connection structure drawing;
according to the plurality of part drawings and the connection structure drawing, carbon fiber block materials or high-temperature-resistant plastic block materials are used as raw materials, and a plurality of part blanks and connection structure blanks are processed through numerical control processing equipment;
processing the connecting parts of the part blanks smoothly and orderly, smearing low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue between the contact surfaces of the adjacent part blanks according to a design drawing of a hand plate and a pre-designed connecting mode, fixing by adopting a positioning jig, and baking at a low temperature;
polishing the surface of the hand plate blank obtained by low-temperature baking to be smooth, filling low-temperature curing epoxy resin glue at the joint, and then baking and curing at low temperature to obtain the hand plate blank;
carrying out strengthening treatment on the surface of the hand plate blank by using a carbon fiber material;
the carbon fiber block is prepared by the following method:
according to the design requirements of mechanical structures, a plurality of carbon fiber prepregs with the same specification obtained by cutting are paved layer by layer, and then a plurality of layers of carbon fiber prepregs paved layer by layer are pressurized by a cold press to obtain a preformed blank;
correspondingly paving and pasting a plurality of preformed blanks piece by piece from bottom to top, and then carrying out hot-pressing curing treatment on the paved preformed blanks by a hot press, wherein the hot-pressing curing treatment process comprises the following steps: before the temperature of a hot press is raised, carrying out normal-temperature pressurization pretreatment on a plurality of layers of preformed blanks for 5-10 min, wherein the pressure in the pretreatment process is 50-100 kgf/cm2(ii) a Heating the temperature of the hot press to 75-85 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature hot pressing on the plurality of layers of preformed blanks for 18-37 min; heating the hot press to 145-155 ℃ and carrying out constant-temperature curing on a plurality of layers of preformed blanks, wherein the pressure of the hot press is kept at 30-50 kgf/cm in the whole heating process2Heating at a rate of 1-6 ℃/min to obtain a carbon fiber block material;
placing the carbon fiber block material in an oven at 180-200 ℃ for baking for 50-70 min;
the strengthening treatment process satisfies any one of the following conditions:
a. brushing a low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer with the thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm on the surface of the hand plate blank, performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, then paving a carbon fiber prepreg on the surface of the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive layer, then placing the hand plate blank with the carbon fiber prepreg paved on the surface in a vacuum bag for vacuumizing and sealing, and placing in an oven at the temperature of 145-200 ℃ for baking for 30-60 min;
b. spraying an adhesive layer with the thickness of 0.1-0.25 mm on the surface of the hand board blank, performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, then paving and pasting carbon fiber woven cloth on the surface of the adhesive layer, brushing low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive on the surface of the carbon fiber woven cloth to soak the carbon fiber woven cloth, standing and curing at room temperature for 10-18 min, brushing a layer of the low-temperature epoxy resin adhesive layer, and standing and curing at room temperature or curing at the temperature of 60-80 ℃;
c. spraying an adhesive layer on the surface of the hand plate blank, firstly performing semi-curing at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, then paving dry carbon fiber cloth on the surface of the adhesive layer, paving demoulding cloth, a flow guide net, a plurality of flow guide pipes, an air felt and a vacuum film on the surface of the dry carbon fiber cloth layer by layer, placing the paved product in a vacuum bag for sealing, reserving an epoxy resin inlet and an epoxy resin outlet at two ends of the product, connecting a guide pipe to the inlet, inserting the guide pipe into the low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive, connecting a vacuum pump to the outlet, vacuumizing by using the vacuum pump, allowing the low-temperature curing epoxy resin to enter the product under the action of vacuum pressure, after soaking the carbon cloth, sealing the inlet and the outlet, and standing and curing at normal temperature;
d. spraying an adhesive layer on the surface of the hand plate blank, laying a short carbon fiber layer on the surface of the adhesive layer, brushing low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive on the surface of the short carbon fiber layer to enable the short carbon fiber layer to be soaked, and standing and curing at room temperature or at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
2. The method of making a carbon fiber hand plate of claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature resistant plastic block material adopts polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ether-ketone, and fiber-added polybutylene terephthalate or nylon and fiber.
3. A carbon fiber palm, its characterized in that: the carbon fiber hand plate is prepared by the preparation method of the carbon fiber hand plate of any one of claims 1-2.
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