CN109702845B - Low-density glue-free straw board, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-density glue-free straw board, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109702845B CN109702845B CN201811440901.7A CN201811440901A CN109702845B CN 109702845 B CN109702845 B CN 109702845B CN 201811440901 A CN201811440901 A CN 201811440901A CN 109702845 B CN109702845 B CN 109702845B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-density glue-free straw board, which comprises a straw board frame and filling foam, wherein the straw board frame is made of mixed straw scraps, the mixed straw scraps comprise straw scraps and wood fibers, the content of the wood fibers in the mixed straw scraps is 10-30%, the filling foam is made of high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the surface of the filling foam is provided with a plurality of holes; the material has the characteristics of light weight, easy degradation, certain heat preservation and insulation functions, environmental protection and no free formaldehyde release; meanwhile, a preparation method and application thereof are also disclosed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of packaging composite materials, and particularly relates to a low-density glue-free straw board, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the prior art, the manufacture of the low-density fiberboard has two methods, one is to directly reduce the addition of the fiber raw material, and the other is to obtain the low density by directly mixing and molding the low-density material at one time, but the low-density material is directly mixed, and other steps are all carried out by adopting the original traditional fiberboard preparation method, so that the board blank is soft when the board is taken out, and the foam flows downwards during hot pressing to cause uneven upper and lower surfaces, and a hole structure and the like are not easily formed.
The glue-free gluing technology is mainly used in the field of fiberboard manufacturing, mainly uses moisture in wet-process fibers and utilizes bond force between the fibers to generate gluing force, and in the field of straw manufacturing, a glue-free gluing method is rarely applied generally, and the main reason is that straws are not easy to glue, the moisture content of a board blank in the glue-free gluing process is high, and the defects of bubbling and the like are easily generated in the hot pressing process, so that at present, for the gluing of straw boards, the mainstream gluing mode is to glue through isocyanate, and dry-process manufacturing is mostly adopted.
At present, no low-density glue-free straw board which is prepared by mixing straw and wood fiber, has good uniformity and is glue-free and environment-friendly and a preparation method thereof appear in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the low-density glue-free straw fiberboard which is light, is easier to degrade than the traditional packaging material and can be applied to the packaging material and the preparation method thereof.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the low-density glue-free straw board comprises a straw board frame and filling foam, wherein the straw board frame is made of mixed straw scraps, the mixed straw scraps comprise straw scraps and wood fibers, the content of the wood fibers in the mixed straw scraps is 10-30%, the filling foam is made of high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the surface of the filling foam is provided with a plurality of holes.
A preparation method of a low-density glue-free straw board comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparation of raw Material
Crushing the straws by a crusher to obtain crushed straw materials of 20-6 meshes, performing fiber separation on wood fibers by a fiber separation method, drying the separated wood fibers to obtain wood fibers with the water content of 30 +/-15%, and mixing and humidifying the prepared crushed straw materials and the wood fibers to obtain mixed crushed straw materials with the humidity of 20-50%;
step S2, mixing and assembling
Uniformly mixing the mixed crushed straw material obtained in the step S1 with high-temperature molten low-density foam, assembling and prepressing to obtain a pre-slab;
step S3, low-temperature pressing
Carrying out low-temperature pressing on the pre-pressed board blank in the step S2, wherein the pressing temperature is 90-120 ℃, and the pressing time is 20-60min, so as to obtain a low-temperature pressed board blank;
step S4, high temperature pressing
And (5) performing high-temperature pressing on the low-temperature pressed board blank in the step S3, wherein the pressing temperature is 180-240 ℃, the pressing time is 3-20min, and the pressing thickness gauge is 2-6mm, so as to obtain the low-density glue-free straw board.
As a further improved technical solution, the humidification processing in step S1 needs to last for at least 24 h.
As a further improved technical scheme, the thickness of the pre-slab is 4-6 mm.
As a further improved technical scheme, when the polypropylene foam particles are adopted as the high-temperature melting low-density foam, the pressing temperature of the step S3 is 90-110 ℃, and the pressing temperature of the step S4 is 180-200 ℃.
As a further improved technical scheme, when the polystyrene foam particles are adopted as the high-temperature melting low-density foam, the pressing temperature in the step S3 is 110-120 ℃, the pressing time is 40-60min, and the pressing temperature in the step S4 is 200-240 ℃.
The application of the low-density glue-free straw board is used for packaging materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a low-density glue-free straw board, which is characterized in that straw crushed aggregates of mixed wood fibers and high-temperature melting low-density foam are firstly pressed at low temperature to generate certain glue force on a wood part and a straw part, and the high-temperature melting low-density foam is compressed to a certain extent under the action of a thickness gauge so as to rebound to form pores in the fiber board, after the density is effectively reduced, the high-temperature pressing is carried out, the foam is further melted to form holes, the melted foam is used as a new glue bonding material to be fused with the wood part and the straw part, the whole board blank is not compressed under the action of the thickness gauge, the density of the holes can be effectively reduced, and the strength of the whole low-density glue-free straw board is increased.
The physical mechanical property and the waterproof property of the non-glue glued fiberboard can be simultaneously enhanced by adopting the high-temperature melting low-density foam, and in addition, because the water content of the fiber is higher in the manufacturing process of the non-glue straw board generally, the defects of bubbling, layering and the like are easily caused by direct hot pressing, so that the drainage channel of the straw board can be increased by adding the high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the defects of bubbling, layering and the like are avoided.
The low-density glue-free straw board provided by the invention is applied to a packaging material, has light weight, has a certain heat preservation and heat insulation function, and has the advantages of environmental safety, no free formaldehyde release and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a low-density non-glue straw board of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the pre-slab of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. mixing the straw crushed aggregates; 2. melting crushed pieces of the low density foam at a high temperature; 3. and (4) holes.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a low-density glue-free straw board comprises a straw board frame and a filling foam, wherein the straw board frame is made of mixed straw scraps 1, the mixed straw scraps 1 comprise straw scraps and wood fibers, the content of the wood fibers in the mixed straw scraps 1 is 30%, the filling foam is made of scraps 2 of high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the surface of the filling foam is provided with a plurality of holes 3.
A preparation method of a low-density glue-free straw board comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparation of raw Material
Crushing the straws by using a crusher to obtain 20-mesh crushed straw materials, performing fiber separation on wood fibers by using a fiber separation method, drying the separated wood fibers to obtain wood fibers with the water content of 30 +/-15%, mixing the prepared crushed straw materials and the wood fibers, and humidifying for more than 24 hours to obtain mixed crushed straw materials 1 with the humidity of 20%;
step S2, mixing and assembling
Uniformly mixing the mixed straw crushed aggregates 1 obtained in the step S1 with polypropylene foam particles, assembling and pre-pressing, and obtaining a pre-slab with the thickness of 6mm as shown in figure 2;
step S3, low-temperature pressing
Carrying out low-temperature pressing on the pre-pressed board blank in the step S2, wherein the pressing temperature is 90 ℃, and the pressing time is 60min, so as to obtain a low-temperature pressed board blank;
step S4, high temperature pressing
And (5) performing high-temperature pressing on the low-temperature pressed board blank in the step S3, wherein the pressing temperature is 180 ℃, the pressing time is 20min, and the pressing thickness gauge is 2mm, so as to obtain the low-density glue-free straw board shown in figure 1.
The low-density glue-free straw board prepared in the embodiment 1 is applied to a packaging material.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a low-density glue-free straw board comprises a straw board frame and filling foam, wherein the straw board frame is made of mixed straw scraps 1, the mixed straw scraps 1 comprise straw scraps and wood fibers, the content of the wood fibers in the mixed straw scraps 1 is 10%, the filling foam is made of scraps 2 of high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the surface of the filling foam is provided with a plurality of holes 3.
A preparation method of a low-density glue-free straw board comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparation of raw Material
Crushing the straws by using a crusher to obtain crushed straws with 6 meshes, performing fiber separation on wood fibers by using a fiber separation method, drying the separated wood fibers to obtain wood fibers with the water content of 30 +/-15%, mixing the prepared crushed straws and the wood fibers, and humidifying for more than 24 hours to obtain mixed crushed straw 1 with the humidity of 20%;
step S2, mixing and assembling
Uniformly mixing the mixed straw crushed aggregates 1 obtained in the step S1 with polypropylene foam particles, assembling and pre-pressing, and obtaining a pre-slab with the thickness of 4mm as shown in figure 2;
step S3, low-temperature pressing
Carrying out low-temperature pressing on the pre-pressed board blank in the step S2, wherein the pressing temperature is 110 ℃, and the pressing time is 20min, so as to obtain a low-temperature pressed board blank;
step S4, high temperature pressing
And (5) performing high-temperature pressing on the low-temperature pressed board blank in the step S3, wherein the pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressing time is 3min, and the pressing thickness gauge is 6mm, and obtaining the low-density glue-free straw board as shown in figure 1.
The low-density glue-free straw board prepared in the embodiment 2 is applied to a packaging material.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a low-density glue-free straw board comprises a straw board frame and a filling foam, wherein the straw board frame is made of mixed straw particles 1, the mixed straw particles 1 comprise straw particles and wood fibers, the content of the wood fibers in the mixed straw particles 1 is 10%, the filling foam is made of high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the surface of the filling foam is provided with a plurality of holes.
A preparation method of a low-density glue-free straw board comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparation of raw Material
Crushing the straws by using a crusher to obtain crushed straws with 6 meshes, performing fiber separation on wood fibers by using a fiber separation method, drying the separated wood fibers to obtain wood fibers with the water content of 30 +/-15%, mixing the prepared crushed straws and the wood fibers, and humidifying for at least 24 hours to obtain mixed crushed straw 1 with the humidity of 20%;
step S2, mixing and assembling
Uniformly mixing the mixed straw crushed aggregates 1 obtained in the step S1 with polystyrene foam particles, assembling and pre-pressing, and obtaining a pre-slab with the thickness of 5mm as shown in figure 2;
step S3, low-temperature pressing
Carrying out low-temperature pressing on the pre-pressed board blank in the step S2, wherein the pressing temperature is 110 ℃, and the pressing time is 60min, so as to obtain a low-temperature pressed board blank;
step S4, high temperature pressing
And (5) performing high-temperature pressing on the low-temperature pressed board blank in the step S3, wherein the pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressing time is 20min, and the pressing thickness gauge is 2mm, so as to obtain the low-density glue-free straw board shown in figure 1.
The low-density glue-free straw board prepared in the embodiment 3 is applied to a packaging material.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a low-density glue-free straw board comprises a straw board frame and a filling foam, wherein the straw board frame is made of mixed straw particles 1, the mixed straw particles 1 comprise straw particles and wood fibers, the content of the wood fibers in the mixed straw particles 1 is 30%, the filling foam is made of high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the surface of the filling foam is provided with a plurality of holes.
A preparation method of a low-density glue-free straw board comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparation of raw Material
Crushing the straws by using a crusher to obtain 20-mesh crushed straw materials, performing fiber separation on wood fibers by using a fiber separation method, drying the separated wood fibers to obtain wood fibers with the water content of 30 +/-15%, mixing the prepared crushed straw materials and the wood fibers, and humidifying for at least 24 hours to obtain mixed crushed straw materials 1 with the humidity of 20%;
step S2, mixing and assembling
Uniformly mixing the mixed straw crushed aggregates 1 obtained in the step S1 with polystyrene foam particles, assembling and pre-pressing, and obtaining a pre-slab with the thickness of 4mm as shown in figure 2;
step S3, low-temperature pressing
Carrying out low-temperature pressing on the pre-pressed board blank in the step S2, wherein the pressing temperature is 120 ℃, and the pressing time is 40min, so as to obtain a low-temperature pressed board blank;
step S4, high temperature pressing
And (5) performing high-temperature pressing on the low-temperature pressed board blank in the step S3, wherein the pressing temperature is 240 ℃, the pressing time is 3min, and the pressing thickness gauge is 6mm, so as to obtain the low-density glue-free straw board shown in figure 1.
The low-density glue-free straw board prepared in the embodiment 4 is applied to a packaging material.
Examples of effects
The average performance test results of the low-density non-glue straw board prepared in the above examples 1-4 and the ordinary non-glue straw board adopted in the control group are as follows:
table 1 average performance test results for non-glued straw board
| Density/g/cm3 | Static bending strength/MPa | Water absorption thickness swelling ratio/%) | Thermal conductivity/W/(m.K) | |
| Example 1 | 0.4 | 16.3 | 8.6 | 0.30 |
| Example 2 | 0.4 | 12.6 | 13.4 | 0.28 |
| Example 3 | 0.4 | 15.4 | 9.6 | 0.27 |
| Example 4 | 0.4 | 17.3 | 10.4 | 0.32 |
| Control group | 0.7 | 14.2 | 30.4 | 0.38 |
As can be seen from table 1, the low-density glue-free straw boards prepared in examples 1 to 4 have lower density, equivalent static bending strength, lower water absorption thickness expansion rate and lower thermal conductivity coefficient compared with the common glue-free straw boards, and it is concluded that the low-density glue-free straw boards prepared in examples 1 to 4 have the characteristics of lower density, stable physical and mechanical properties, better waterproof performance and better thermal insulation performance compared with the common glue-free straw boards. Therefore, the low-density glue-free straw board provided by the invention is applied to packaging materials, has good matching performance and has wide popularization prospect.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a low-density glue-free straw board is characterized in that the low-density glue-free straw board comprises a straw board frame and filling foam, the straw board frame is made of mixed straw scraps, the mixed straw scraps comprise straw scraps and wood fibers, the content of the wood fibers in the mixed straw scraps is 10-30%, the material of the filling foam is high-temperature melting low-density foam, and the surface of the filling foam is provided with a plurality of holes;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparation of raw Material
Crushing the straws by a crusher to obtain 20-6-mesh crushed straw materials, performing fiber separation on wood fibers by a fiber separation method, drying the separated wood fibers to obtain wood fibers with the water content of 30 +/-15%, and finally mixing and humidifying the prepared crushed straw materials and the wood fibers, wherein the humidifying treatment lasts for at least 24 hours to obtain mixed crushed straw materials with the humidity of 20-50%;
step S2, mixing and assembling
Uniformly mixing the mixed straw crushed aggregates obtained in the step S1 with high-temperature melting low-density foam, assembling and pre-pressing to obtain a pre-slab blank with the thickness of 4-6 mm;
step S3, low-temperature pressing
Carrying out low-temperature pressing on the pre-pressed board blank in the step S2, wherein the pressing temperature is 90-120 ℃, and the pressing time is 20-60min, so as to obtain a low-temperature pressed board blank;
step S4, high temperature pressing
And (5) performing high-temperature pressing on the low-temperature pressed board blank in the step S3, wherein the pressing temperature is 180-240 ℃, the pressing time is 3-20min, and the pressing thickness gauge is 2-6mm, so as to obtain the low-density glue-free straw board.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the polypropylene foam particles are used as the high-temperature melting low-density foam, the pressing temperature of the step S3 is 90-110 ℃, and the pressing temperature of the step S4 is 180-200 ℃.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the polystyrene foam particles are used as the high-temperature melting low-density foam, the pressing temperature in the step S3 is 120 ℃, the pressing time is 40-60min, and the pressing temperature in the step S4 is 200-240 ℃.
4. The application of the preparation method of the low-density glue-free straw board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-density glue-free straw board is used as a packaging material.
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