CN113445370A - Glue-free straw material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Glue-free straw material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113445370A CN113445370A CN202110789293.6A CN202110789293A CN113445370A CN 113445370 A CN113445370 A CN 113445370A CN 202110789293 A CN202110789293 A CN 202110789293A CN 113445370 A CN113445370 A CN 113445370A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
- D21B1/061—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods using cutting devices
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a glue-free straw material, which comprises the following steps: s1) cutting the straws into pieces with the length of 1-5 mm to obtain straw raw materials; cutting natural long fibers into 10-20 mm long fibers to obtain fiber raw materials; s2) mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain a pulp raw material; s3) carrying out cold press molding on the slurry raw material, and then carrying out hot press treatment to obtain the straw material without glue. Compared with the prior art, the glue-free straw material is obtained by adding natural long fibers and straw short fibers, uniformly mixing, cold-press molding, hot-press drying and gluing with the help of the physical crosslinking effect of the long and short fibers and the self gluing effect of the plant fibers, can be used for buffering packaging materials and can be used as liners, bottom supports and the like in crop flow transportation, and the method does not need a high-pressure steam working environment, does not need chemical agents, has short flow and simple equipment requirement, and develops a novel glue-free straw gluing technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of packaging materials, and particularly relates to a glue-free straw material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The plastic foaming material is a packaging material developed to meet the requirement of industrial mass production, and the prepared cushioning packaging products, including inner liners, bottom supports and the like, make great contribution to the logistics transportation industry. However, the production of plastics consumes petroleum, which is a non-renewable precious resource, and plastics cannot be degraded in nature, causing "white pollution" to the land. Although a small part of paper products can replace plastic foaming materials, the production of the paper products can destroy forest resources, and the paper products are frosted on snow for China with low forest coverage area.
China is a big agricultural country, the yield of crop straws reaches about 7 hundred million tons every year, and the crop straws are a huge treasury of renewable resources. However, the straws are generally not utilized efficiently at present and even become a pollution source in many areas. If abundant straw resources are used for cushioning packaging products to replace plastic foaming materials, the straw cushion packaging material has huge market development potential and industrialization prospect. However, the adhesive added in the straw material manufacturing process still uses a large amount of polymer resin synthesized by petroleum resources at present, and the problem of free formaldehyde release exists. Therefore, the finding of straw non-adhesive bonding technology is very important.
The adhesive-free bonding technology mainly depends on the reaction of three main components of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of the straws at high temperature and high pressure to generate insoluble resin, then bonds the fibers in the straws together, and presses and forms the straw. Due to the compactness of the plant cell wall structure, the straw needs to be activated, so that the structure of the straw raw material is damaged, and the reaction activity of the straw is improved. The activation treatment mainly includes physical, chemical and biological methods. The physical method mainly comprises a mechanical hot grinding method and a steam explosion method, the chemical method comprises an oxidation combination method, a free radical initiation method, an acid catalysis condensation method, an alkali solution activation method and the like, and the biological method mainly utilizes microorganisms or enzymes to catalyze the degradation of straw raw material components to generate active groups. Chinese patent publication No. CN1067399A discloses an industrial method and apparatus for manufacturing glue-free artificial board from fibrous lignin raw material, which utilizes high-pressure saturated steam cooking and hot pressing to make board with excellent strength and water resistance; chinese patent publication No. CN101172351B discloses a method for producing a glue-free glued artificial bamboo board or a bamboo laminated material, which comprises softening bamboo strips with high-temperature steam and heating and curing at high temperature; however, the two methods require high-temperature and high-pressure working environments, have high requirements on equipment and high energy consumption, and have a limited application range. Chinese patent publication No. CN1412092A discloses a method for preparing modified straw material, which comprises subjecting straw to steam explosion, inoculating phanerochaete chrysosporium seed liquid, performing solid-state fermentation, and heating, curing, drying and forming, wherein the obtained modified straw material can be applied to building material industry, packaging industry, agricultural engineering, etc., but the production efficiency is low due to long growth period of microorganisms. Chinese patent publication Nos. CN103358381B and CN103358377B are produced by treating straws by steam explosion and alkali liquor impregnation, and then hot pressing to form the glue-free artificial board.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a glue-free straw material, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the preparation method does not need a high pressure steam working environment, does not need a chemical agent, and has a short process and a simple equipment requirement.
The invention provides a preparation method of a glue-free straw material, which comprises the following steps:
s1) cutting the straws into pieces with the length of 1-5 mm to obtain straw raw materials;
cutting natural long fibers into 10-20 mm long fibers to obtain fiber raw materials;
s2) mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain a pulp raw material;
s3) carrying out cold press molding on the slurry raw material, and then carrying out hot press treatment to obtain the straw material without glue.
Preferably, the straw is selected from one or more of wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw;
the natural long fibers are selected from hemp fibers and/or cotton fibers.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the straw raw materials to the fiber raw materials is (70-90): (10-30).
Preferably, the step S2) is specifically:
mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain solid slurry;
and dispersing the solid slurry in water, fully stirring and uniformly dispersing, taking out the slurry and drying to obtain the slurry raw material.
Preferably, the solid slurry is dispersed in water to a concentration of 1% to 5%.
Preferably, the water content of the slurry raw material is 50-60%.
Preferably, the pressure of the cold press molding is 20-30 MPa; and the cold press molding time is 20-40 s.
Preferably, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is 170-190 ℃; the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is 20-30 MPa; the time of the hot pressing treatment is 90-180 s.
The invention also provides the glue-free straw material prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also provides application of the glue-free straw material prepared by the preparation method as a buffering packaging material.
The invention provides a preparation method of a glue-free straw material, which comprises the following steps: s1) cutting the straws into pieces with the length of 1-5 mm to obtain straw raw materials; cutting natural long fibers into 10-20 mm long fibers to obtain fiber raw materials; s2) mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain a pulp raw material; s3) carrying out cold press molding on the slurry raw material, and then carrying out hot press treatment to obtain the straw material without glue. Compared with the prior art, the glue-free straw material is obtained by adding natural long fibers and straw short fibers, uniformly mixing, cold-press molding and hot-press drying, and by means of the physical crosslinking action of the long and short fibers and the gluing action of the plant fibers, the glue-free straw material can be used for buffering packaging materials and can be used for liners, bottom supports and the like in crop flow transportation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of straw glueless gluing principle provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a glue-free straw material, which comprises the following steps: s1) cutting the straws into pieces with the length of 1-5 mm to obtain straw raw materials; cutting natural long fibers into 10-20 mm long fibers to obtain fiber raw materials; s2) mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain a pulp raw material; s3) carrying out cold press molding on the slurry raw material, and then carrying out hot press treatment to obtain the straw material without glue.
In the present invention, the sources of all raw materials are not particularly limited, and they may be commercially available.
Chopping the straws to 1-5 mm long to obtain a straw raw material; the straw is preferably one or more of wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw; in the embodiment provided by the invention, the length of the straw raw material is 1mm, 5mm or 3 mm.
Cutting natural long fibers into 10-20 mm long fibers to obtain fiber raw materials; the natural long fibers are preferably hemp fibers and/or cotton fibers; the hemp fiber is preferably one or more of ramie, jute, kenaf, flax, industrial hemp, apocynum venetum and sisal; in the examples provided by the present invention, the length of the fiber raw material is specifically 10mm, 15mm or 20 mm.
Mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain a slurry raw material; the mass ratio of the straw raw materials to the fiber raw materials is preferably (70-90): (10-30); in the embodiment provided by the invention, the mass ratio of the straw raw material to the fiber raw material is specifically 80: 20. 70: 30 or 90: 10; the length ratio of the straw raw material to the fiber raw material is preferably 1: (4-10); in the embodiment provided by the invention, the length ratio of the straw raw material to the fiber raw material is specifically 1: 10. 1: 4 or 1: 5; in order to make the mixing more uniform, it is preferable in the present invention to carry out the following steps: mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain solid slurry; and dispersing the solid slurry in water, taking out the slurry and drying to obtain a slurry raw material. Wherein the solid slurry is dispersed in water preferably to a concentration of 1% to 5%; in the invention, the solid slurry is dispersed in water to a concentration of 1%, 2% or 5%; after dispersing in water, fully stirring and uniformly dispersing, taking out the slurry and drying to obtain a slurry raw material; the drying method can be drying or natural airing; the water content of the slurry raw material is preferably 50-60%; in the embodiment provided by the invention, the water content of the slurry raw material is specifically 50%, 60% or 55%.
Cold press molding the slurry raw material; the pressure of the cold press molding is preferably 20-30 MPa; in the embodiment provided by the invention, the pressure of the cold press molding is specifically 20MPa, 30MPa or 25 MPa; the cold press molding time is preferably 20-40 s; in the embodiments provided by the present invention, the cold press forming time is specifically 20s, 40s or 30 s; through the step, the uniformly dispersed natural long fibers and the straw short fibers are mutually crosslinked, so that the subsequent plant fibers can exert the self-bonding effect.
Then carrying out hot pressing treatment to obtain a glue-free straw material; the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is preferably 170-190 ℃; in the embodiment provided by the invention, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is specifically 170 ℃, 190 ℃ or 180 ℃; the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is preferably 20-30 MPa; in the embodiment provided by the invention, the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is specifically 20MPa, 30MPa or 25 MPa; the time of the hot pressing treatment is preferably 90-180 s; in the embodiment provided by the invention, the time of the hot pressing treatment is specifically 90s, 180s or 160 s. Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in plant fibers are subjected to condensation reaction to form a gluing effect, and the straw raw material gluing without glue is realized, referring to fig. 1, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the straw gluing without glue principle provided by the invention.
According to the invention, natural long fibers and straw short fibers are added and uniformly mixed, and are subjected to cold press molding and hot press drying, so that the glue-free straw material is obtained by virtue of the physical crosslinking action of the long and short fibers and the gluing action of the plant fibers, the material can be used for a buffer packaging material, and can be used for liners, bottom supports and the like in crop flow transportation.
The invention also provides the glue-free straw material prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also provides an application of the glue-free straw material prepared by the preparation method as a buffering packaging material.
In the invention, the straws and the natural long fibers are dry raw materials unless otherwise specified.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description will be made of a glue-free straw material, a preparation method and applications thereof.
The reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available.
Example 1
Cutting rice straws to about 1mm, cutting ramie fibers to about 10mm, and uniformly mixing 80% of rice straws and 20% of ramie fibers by mass percent to obtain solid slurry; dispersing the solid slurry in water, adjusting the concentration of the slurry to 1%, and fully stirring; taking out the slurry, drying until the water content is 50%, and carrying out cold pressing treatment for 20s at a cold pressing pressure of 20 MPa; and transferring the straw to a hot-pressing die, and carrying out hot-pressing treatment for 90s at the hot-pressing temperature of 170 ℃ and under the hot-pressing pressure of 20MPa to obtain the glue-free straw material.
Example 2
Chopping wheat straws to about 5mm, chopping jute fibers to about 20mm, and uniformly mixing 70% of the wheat straws and 30% of the jute fibers by mass percent to obtain solid slurry; dispersing the solid slurry in water, adjusting the concentration of the slurry to be 2%, and fully stirring; taking out the slurry, drying until the water content is 60%, and carrying out cold pressing treatment for 40s at a cold pressing pressure of 30 MPa; and transferring to a hot-pressing die, and carrying out hot-pressing treatment for 180s at 190 ℃ under 30MPa to obtain the straw material without glue.
Example 3
Cutting corn straws to about 3mm, cutting cotton fibers to about 15mm, and uniformly mixing 90% of corn straws and 10% of cotton fibers according to the mass percentage to obtain solid slurry; dispersing the solid slurry in water, adjusting the concentration of the slurry to 5%, and fully stirring; taking out the slurry, drying until the water content is 55%, and carrying out cold pressing treatment for 30s at a cold pressing pressure of 25 MPa; and transferring to a hot-pressing die, and carrying out hot-pressing treatment for 160s at 180 ℃ under 25MPa to obtain the glue-free straw material.
The performance of the non-adhesive straw materials obtained in examples 1, 2 and 3 was tested using an electronic universal tester (HT-101SC-5, Guangdong Hongtuo instruments science and technology Co., Ltd., China). The properties of the obtained product are shown in table 1. According to the detection result, the obtained product can meet the general performance requirements of the cushioning packaging material.
TABLE 1 Performance test results for non-glued straw materials
Comparative example 1
Rice straws are cut into about 2mm, wood fibers are cut into less than 3mm, and 80% of rice straws and 20% of wood fibers are uniformly mixed according to the mass percentage to obtain solid slurry; dispersing the solid slurry in water, adjusting the concentration of the slurry to 1%, and fully stirring; taking out the slurry, drying until the water content is 50%, and carrying out cold pressing treatment for 20s at a cold pressing pressure of 20 MPa; and transferring the straw to a hot-pressing die, and carrying out hot-pressing treatment for 90s at the hot-pressing temperature of 170 ℃ and under the hot-pressing pressure of 20MPa to obtain the glue-free straw material.
Comparative example 2
Chopping wheat straws to about 2mm, chopping bamboo fibers to below 5mm, and uniformly mixing 70% of wheat straws and 30% of bamboo fibers according to mass percentage to obtain solid slurry; dispersing the solid slurry in water, adjusting the concentration of the slurry to be 2%, and fully stirring; taking out the slurry, drying until the water content is 60%, and carrying out cold pressing treatment for 40s at a cold pressing pressure of 30 MPa; and transferring to a hot-pressing die, and carrying out hot-pressing treatment for 180s at 190 ℃ under 30MPa to obtain the straw material without glue.
The products obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2 were subjected to a performance test using an electronic universal tester (HT-101SC-5, Guangdong Hongtuo instruments science and technology Co., Ltd., China). The properties of the obtained products are shown in Table 2. According to the detection result, the obtained product can not meet the general performance requirements of the cushioning packaging material. The wood fiber and the bamboo fiber belong to natural short fiber, the wood fiber is less than 3mm, the bamboo fiber is less than 5mm, the wood fiber and the bamboo fiber cannot form strong long and short fiber physical crosslinking effect with straw fiber, the mechanical property of the obtained product is weak, and the requirement of the buffer packaging material cannot be met.
Table 2 comparative examples 1 and 2 product performance test results
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a glue-free straw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) cutting the straws into pieces with the length of 1-5 mm to obtain straw raw materials;
cutting natural long fibers into 10-20 mm long fibers to obtain fiber raw materials;
s2) mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain a pulp raw material;
s3) carrying out cold press molding on the slurry raw material, and then carrying out hot press treatment to obtain the straw material without glue.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the straw is selected from one or more of wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw;
the natural long fibers are selected from hemp fibers and/or cotton fibers.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the straw raw material to the fiber raw material is (70-90): (10-30).
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2) is specifically:
mixing the straw raw material with a fiber raw material to obtain solid slurry;
and dispersing the solid slurry in water, fully stirring and uniformly dispersing, taking out the slurry and drying to obtain the slurry raw material.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the solid slurry is dispersed in water to a concentration of 1% to 5%.
6. The production method according to claim 4, wherein the water content of the slurry raw material is 50% to 60%.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the cold press molding is 20-30 MPa; and the cold press molding time is 20-40 s.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is 170-190 ℃; the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is 20-30 MPa; the time of the hot pressing treatment is 90-180 s.
9. The glue-free straw material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The application of the glue-free straw material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 as a buffering packaging material.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115073122A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-20 | 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 | Straw aerogel flame-retardant insulation board and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210928 |