CN109701133A - A kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device and method - Google Patents
A kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device and methods.The device includes application end and PC control terminal；Application end is for real-time monitoring intubated patient aerocyst of artificial airway pressure and automatically controls, sound-light alarm, including balloon interface, air pump, pressure sensor, solenoid valve, A/D chip, single-chip microcontroller, liquid crystal display, key circuit, combined aural and visual alarm, power module, external power source interface, power switch, 9V battery and RS232 serial ports are carried out when being more than normal range (NR)；Control terminal realizes the management of gasbag pressure data intelligence by carrier of personal terminal；The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of existing aerocyst of artificial airway pressure gauge monitoring method, have effectively achieved the intelligent management of gasbag pressure, the occurrence probability for reducing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia reduces the damage to air flue mucous membrane, there is important meaning to the Failure Treated with Mechanical Ventilation of patient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intensive care patient aerocyst of artificial airway stress management fields, more particularly to one kind to be applied to severe
Aerocyst of artificial airway pressure monitoring device and method in monitoring.
Background technique
Most hospitals generally require to establish artificial airway, be carried out by ventilator when rescuing Severe acute disease patient
Mechanical ventilation corrects the anaerobic condition of patient, improves the ventilatory function of patient.However the foundation of artificial airway needs tracheotomy
Or trachea cannula, it destroys respiratory tract and normally dissects and function, form dead space between glottis and air bag, secretion is easy product
It is poly-.For critically ill patients when carrying out mechanical ventilation, air bag needs rationally inflation, keeps suitable pressure, fixed catheter guarantees gas
The supply of road airtightness and tidal volume.
Ideal gasbag pressure requires that the gas leakage between air bag and tracheal wall should be blocked, and air bag can be prevented to tracheal mucosa
Repressive damage, as keep the minimum pressure of effective closed airbag Yu tracheae gap.Refer to referring to mechanical ventilation clinical application
Southern (2006) recommend high low pressure of holding to cover bag pressure 25-30cmH2O typical pressure range, when gasbag pressure is less than 25cmH2When O, throat
And oral secretion enters air flue, will lead to patient and accidentally inhales, causes aspiration pneumonia, increase the generation of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
Probability；Gas leakage can be also caused in mechanical ventilation, and de- pipe occurs.When gasbag pressure is greater than 30cmH2When O, then tracheae is be easy to cause
Mucous membrane compression ischemic, or even cause the serious complication such as tracheal wall perforation.
Therefore it accurately monitors gasbag pressure and controls in the normal range, it is impaired to tracheal mucosa is prevented, guarantee mechanical
Ventilation therapy is vital.
The most wide pressure testing method of domestic clinical application is that finger pinches sense method and special airbag pressure gauge manometric method.Finger pinches sense
Method is easy to operate, pinches gasbag pressure with hand and feels " softer than nose, harder than lip ", brings convenience to clinical position, but accuracy rate
Lower, the pressure of the pressure ratio actual measurement of feeling is big, and tracheoesophageal fistula incidence is significantly raised.The operation of special airbag pressure gauge
Simply, accuracy is high, and monitoring in every 4 hours is primary, but artificial reading is needed to obtain current gasbag pressure value, can not accurately carry out
Real-time monitoring, and it is expensive, it is difficult to accomplish a table.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to the deficiency of existing monitoring technology, a kind of artificial air passage gasbag pressure prison is provided
Device and method is surveyed, realizes that the real-time of intubated patient gasbag pressure is acquired, intelligent control and is automatically stored.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring dress
It sets, including application end and PC control terminal.
The application end for real-time monitoring intubated patient aerocyst of artificial airway pressure and automatically controls, and is being more than normal
Sound-light alarm is carried out when range, comprising: balloon interface, air pump, pressure sensor, solenoid valve, A/D chip, single-chip microcontroller, liquid crystal
Display screen, key circuit, combined aural and visual alarm, power module, external power source interface, power switch, 9V battery and RS232 serial ports；Its
In, the balloon interface is connected with pressure sensor input terminal, air pump interface, solenoid valve interface by silicone tube and threeway, group
At pressure monitoring pipeline；The pressure sensor is the MPX digital pressure sensor for being usually used in medical instrument；The pressure sensing
The delivery outlet of device is connected with the data input port of A/D chip, the data output of the A/D chip and the data input port of single-chip microcontroller
It is connected, the control pin of A/D chip is connected with the corresponding control mouth of single-chip microcontroller；The single-chip microcontroller uses series monolithic；It is described to press
Key circuit includes four keys: set key, reduces key, start button at increasing key, is connected respectively with the corresponding control mouth of single-chip microcontroller,
Complete the setting of pressure bound；The data input port of the liquid crystal display is connected with the data output of single-chip microcontroller, liquid crystal
The control pin of display screen is connected with the corresponding control mouth of single-chip microcontroller；The one of control mouth and phase inverter core of the single-chip microcontroller
Piece input terminal is connected, and phase inverter chip output end is connected with air pump driving chip input terminal, air pump driving chip output end and gas
It pumps one end to be connected, the air pump other end is connected with power module, and the air pump driving chip uses Darlington transistor；The monolithic
One of control mouth of machine is connected with transistor drive circuit input terminal, transistor drive circuit output end and solenoid valve one end
It is connected, the solenoid valve other end is connected with power module；The sound and light alarm module includes light emitting diode and buzzer, with monolithic
The correspondence control mouth of machine is connected, and when gasbag pressure is more than threshold range, light emitting diode is lighted, and buzzer issues prompt tone；Institute
Stating power module is that 9V turns 5V circuit, obtains 5V burning voltage and uses for this monitoring device, wherein 9V powered by direct current mode packet
It includes the power supply of 9V battery and by the external 9V adapter power supply of external power source interface, the power module tape light is bright after energization
It rises；The power switch controls the opening and closing of entire monitoring device；The single-chip microcontroller connects MAX232 chip, goes here and there with RS232
Mouth is connected, and sends data to PC control terminal by serial ports；
After monitoring device powers on, pressure threshold is set by set key, is defaulted as 25~30cmH2O, bound adjustable extent
For 5~50cmH2O, by start button, single-chip microcontroller controls air pump work, realizes that a key is inflated to the function of setting range, monitoring is simultaneously
In steady pressure to setting range, guarantee that patient's gasbag pressure meets clinical demand；If the real-time pressure monitored is lower than setting
Lower limit when, single-chip microcontroller control air pump inflate, reach pressure in normal range (NR)；If the real-time pressure monitored is higher than setting
When the upper limit, single-chip microcontroller controls solenoid valve and deflates, and reaches pressure in normal range (NR), realizes automatic adjustment gasbag pressure；Work as patient
Ventilators treatment is completed, when needing to pull out intubation, presses start button again, single-chip microcontroller controls solenoid valve and opens, and realizes
One key deflation function；
The PC control terminal, writes PC control software using C# language, with real-time pressure is shown, pressure threshold is set
It sets, pressure limit alarm, patient information storage, historical data review, Clinical Alert function；The PC control terminal receives single-chip microcontroller
The gasbag pressure data of transmission, using display control real-time display current pressure curve and pressure value, when pressure value is more than setting
When range, pressure limit alarm is carried out；The PC control terminal can modify pressure threshold, and threshold signal is sent to single-chip microcontroller,
Realize pressure threshold setting；The PC control terminal can deposit real-time pressure data to backstage SQL database, and can carry out history
Pressure data is looked back；The PC control terminal assesses the breath state of patient by analysis real-time pressure data, reminds medical staff
Make corresponding Clinical Alert.
Further, which needs to hang on the monitoring bed head of a bed during clinical use, pre- at crust of the device rear
Screw hole is stayed, and the fixing clamp that can be fixed on transfusion pole is installed on shell, carries out bedside monitoring to facilitate.
Further, the present apparatus also has pressure calibration unit, and the pressure calibration unit includes being mounted on patient catheter
Balloon interface at gasbag pressure table, due to intubation conduit balloon interface and device balloon interface between have a Duan Guanlu
Connection, this section of pipeline there are in fact certain pressure loss, and pressure is denoted as P1, the gas of device at the balloon interface of patient catheter
Capsule interface pressure is denoted as P2, actually P1 < P2, therefore remembers pressure loss value △ P=P2-P1, and wherein P1 is with external dedicated
The actual measurement of gasbag pressure table pressure, P2 is the pressure at the balloon interface of device that pressure sensor real-time monitoring obtains；Needle
To same model different batches pipe, multiple groups test to obtain relevant pressure penalty values △ P, control air pump increase in monitoring process and fill
Tolerance carries out pressure compensation, so that the gasbag pressure value that liquid crystal display is shown is consistent with the practical gasbag pressure value in monitoring point.
Further, the PC control terminal has the function of Clinical Alert, by the real-time pressure value received, extracts pressure
Peak-to-valley value establishes gasbag pressure analysis model (T, N, P) according to occurring pressure peak-to-valley value size P and times N in certain time interval T,
The case where assessment patient is likely to occur reminds medical staff to make corresponding early warning.
Further, gasbag pressure point of a large amount of patients when suction sputum, inserting the states such as stomach tube, turn, gas leakage, de- pipe is obtained
It analyses model (T, N, P), is obtained under different conditions by machine learning, on the number for occurring pressure peak-to-valley value in certain time interval T
Limit and pressure limit size；If monitoring some patient in time T1, it is more than pressure value upper limit P1 that gasbag pressure value, which has,
The case where, and the number for pressure peak-to-valley value occur is more than maximum number of times N1, control terminal issues corresponding Clinical Alert, and patient is prompted to be
Whether no suction sputum, patient are turning over, and whether patient is in slotting stomach tube etc.；If monitor some patient in time T2, air bag pressure
The case where force value, which has, is lower than pressure value lower limit P2, and number is more than maximum number of times N2, control terminal issues corresponding Clinical Alert, mentions
Show the whether de- pipe of patient, pipeline whether gas leakage etc..
A kind of monitoring method of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device, method includes the following steps:
(1) after booting powers on, display initialization interface；
(2) balloon interface of patient catheter is connected with the balloon interface of device, guarantees to be completely embedded；
(3) pressure threshold is set by set key and add-substract key, is defaulted as 25~30cmH2O, device bound adjustable extent
For 5~50cmH2O；
(4) it presses start button and realizes a key aerification function, monitor and in steady pressure to setting range；
(5) when patient completes Ventilators treatment, when needing to pull out intubation, start button is pressed again and realizes that a key is put
Gas exempts the operation for needing to be evacuated manually at present；
(6) the gasbag pressure data that PC control terminal real-time reception application end is sent, carry out real-time pressure show, pressure threshold
Setting, pressure limit alarm, patient information storage, historical data review, Clinical Alert function.
The present invention has the advantages that the present invention provides one kind relative to existing gasbag pressure table monitoring technology
Artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device and method, when device booting powers on, display initialization interface can pass through key
Pressure threshold is adjusted, real-time monitoring then is carried out to intracapsular pressure and is mentioned when device detects that pressure is in threshold range
Show in monitoring, when pressure is more than upper pressure limit, prompts to be more than the upper limit, and sound-light alarm, device can control solenoid valve and be put
Gas makes pressure reach the upper limit or less；On the contrary, device can control air pump and be inflated, and make pressure when pressure is lower than low pressure limit
Reach in normal range (NR), at the same time, the PC control terminal of device can real-time reception gasbag pressure value, carry out real-time pressure show,
The functions such as pressure threshold setting, pressure limit alarm, patient information storage, historical data review, Clinical Alert；The device is effective
Ground realizes the intelligent management of gasbag pressure, reduces the occurrence probability of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia, reduces glutinous to air flue
The damage of film has important meaning to the Failure Treated with Mechanical Ventilation of patient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present system structure chart；
Fig. 2 is application end internal structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is application end front plan view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is inventive sensor transmission characteristic figure；
Fig. 5 is patient of the present invention gasbag pressure curve graph in slight gas leakage；
Fig. 6 is patient of the present invention in de- pipe rear gasbag pressue-graph；
Fig. 7 is patient of the present invention gasbag pressure curve graph in repeated coughing；
In figure: balloon interface 1, air pump 2, pressure sensor 3, solenoid valve 4, A/D chip 5, single-chip microcontroller 6, liquid crystal display 7,
Key circuit 8, combined aural and visual alarm 9, power module 10, external power source interface 11, power switch 12,9V battery 13, serial ports 14, if
Key 15 is set, increasing key 16 reduces key 17, start button 18.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail, but is not the limitation present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device provided by the invention, including application end and PC
Control terminal；Wherein application end includes: balloon interface 1, air pump 2, pressure sensor 3, solenoid valve 4, A/D chip 5, single-chip microcontroller 6, liquid
Crystal display screen 7, key circuit 8, combined aural and visual alarm 9, power module 10, external power source interface 11, power switch 12,9V battery 13
With RS232 serial ports 14；
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the balloon interface 1, air pump 2, pressure sensor 3, solenoid valve 4, A/D chip 5, single-chip microcontroller
6, liquid crystal display 7, key circuit 8, combined aural and visual alarm 9, power module 10, external power source interface 11, power switch 12,9V electricity
Pond 13 and RS232 serial ports 14；Wherein, the balloon interface 1 and 3 input terminal of pressure sensor, 2 interface of air pump, 4 interface of solenoid valve
It is connected by silicone tube and threeway, decomposition pressure monitors pipeline；The pressure sensor 3 is the MPX number for being usually used in medical instrument
Word pressure sensor；The delivery outlet of the pressure sensor 3 is connected with the data input port of A/D chip 5, the number of the A/D chip 5
It is connected according to delivery outlet with the data input port of single-chip microcontroller 6, the control pin of A/D chip 5 is connected with the corresponding control mouth of single-chip microcontroller 6；
The single-chip microcontroller 6 uses 51 series monolithics；The key circuit 8 includes four keys: set key 15, reduces increasing key 16
Key 17, start button 18 are connected with the corresponding control mouth of single-chip microcontroller 6 respectively, complete the setting of pressure bound；The liquid crystal display
The data input port of screen 7 is connected with the data output of single-chip microcontroller 6, and the control pin of liquid crystal display 7 is corresponding with single-chip microcontroller 6
Control mouth is connected；One of control mouth of the single-chip microcontroller 6 is connected with phase inverter chip input terminal, phase inverter chip output end
It is connected with air pump driving chip input terminal, air pump driving chip output end is connected with 2 one end of air pump, 2 other end of air pump and power supply
Module 10 is connected, and the air pump driving chip uses Darlington transistor；One of control mouth of the single-chip microcontroller 6 and three poles
Tube drive circuit input terminal is connected, and transistor drive circuit output end is connected with 4 one end of solenoid valve, 4 other end of solenoid valve and electricity
Source module 10 is connected；The sound and light alarm module 9 includes light emitting diode and buzzer, control mouth phase corresponding with single-chip microcontroller 6
Even, when gasbag pressure is more than threshold range, light emitting diode is lighted, and buzzer issues prompt tone；The power module 10 is 9V
Turn 5V circuit, obtain 5V burning voltage and used for this monitoring device, wherein 9V powered by direct current mode includes that 9V battery 13 is powered
It powers with by the external 9V adapter of external power source interface 11,10 tape light of power module lights after energization；The electricity
Source switch 12 controls the opening and closing of entire monitoring device；The single-chip microcontroller 6 connects MAX232 chip, with 14 phase of RS232 serial ports
Even, PC control terminal is sent data to by serial ports；
After monitoring device powers on, pressure threshold is set by set key 15, is defaulted as 25~30cmH2O, bound is adjustable model
It encloses for 5~50cmH2O, by start button 18, single-chip microcontroller 6 controls air pump 2 and works, and realizes that a key is inflated to the function of setting range,
It monitors in simultaneously steady pressure to setting range, guarantees that patient's gasbag pressure meets clinical demand；If the real-time pressure monitored is low
When the lower limit of setting, single-chip microcontroller 6 controls air pump 2 and inflates, and reaches pressure in normal range (NR)；If the real-time pressure monitored is high
When the upper limit of setting, single-chip microcontroller 6 controls solenoid valve 4 and deflates, and reaches pressure in normal range (NR), realizes automatic adjustment air bag pressure
Power；When patient completes Ventilators treatment, when needing to pull out intubation, start button 18, the control electromagnetism of single-chip microcontroller 6 are pressed again
Valve 4 is opened, and realizes a key deflation function；
The PC control terminal, writes PC control software using C# language, with real-time pressure is shown, pressure threshold is set
It sets, pressure limit alarm, patient information storage, historical data review, Clinical Alert function；The PC control terminal receives single-chip microcontroller
The 6 gasbag pressure data sent, using display control real-time display current pressure curve and pressure value, when pressure value is more than setting
When range, pressure limit alarm is carried out；The PC control terminal can modify pressure threshold, and threshold signal is sent to single-chip microcontroller 6,
Realize pressure threshold setting；The PC control terminal can deposit real-time pressure data to backstage SQL database, and can carry out history
Pressure data is looked back；The PC control terminal assesses the breath state of patient by analysis real-time pressure data, reminds medical staff
Make corresponding Clinical Alert.
Further, which needs to hang on the monitoring bed head of a bed during clinical use, pre- at crust of the device rear
Screw hole is stayed, and the fixing clamp that can be fixed on transfusion pole is installed on shell, carries out bedside monitoring to facilitate.
Further, the present apparatus also has pressure calibration unit, and the pressure calibration unit includes being mounted on patient catheter
Balloon interface at gasbag pressure table, due to intubation conduit balloon interface and device balloon interface between have a Duan Guanlu
Connection, this section of pipeline there are in fact certain pressure loss, and pressure is denoted as P1, the gas of device at the balloon interface of patient catheter
Capsule interface pressure is denoted as P2, actually P1 < P2, therefore remembers pressure loss value △ P=P2-P1, and wherein P1 is with external dedicated
The actual measurement of gasbag pressure table pressure, P2 is the pressure at the balloon interface of device that pressure sensor real-time monitoring obtains；Needle
To same model different batches pipe, multiple groups test to obtain relevant pressure penalty values △ P, control air pump increase in monitoring process and fill
Tolerance carries out pressure compensation, so that the gasbag pressure value that liquid crystal display is shown is consistent with the practical gasbag pressure value in monitoring point.
Further, the PC control terminal has the function of Clinical Alert, by the real-time pressure value received, extracts pressure
Limit value is established gasbag pressure analysis model (T, N, P) according to occurring pressure limit size P and times N in certain time interval T, assessment
The case where patient is likely to occur reminds medical staff to make corresponding early warning；If monitor some patient in time T1, air bag
Pressure value has the case where being more than pressure value upper limit P1, and the number for pressure peak occur is more than maximum number of times N1, control terminal hair
Corresponding Clinical Alert out, prompt patient whether suction sputum, whether patient turning over, and whether patient in slotting stomach tube etc.；If monitored
Some patient is in time T2, and gasbag pressure value is lower than pressure value lower limit P2, and number is more than maximum number of times N2, and control terminal issues
Corresponding Clinical Alert, prompts the whether de- pipe of patient, pipeline whether gas leakage etc..
Further, the PC control terminal has the function of Clinical Alert, by the real-time pressure value received, extracts pressure
Peak-to-valley value establishes gasbag pressure analysis model (T, N, P) according to occurring pressure peak-to-valley value size P and times N in certain time interval T,
The case where assessment patient is likely to occur reminds medical staff to make corresponding early warning.
Further, gasbag pressure point of a large amount of patients when suction sputum, inserting the states such as stomach tube, turn, gas leakage, de- pipe is obtained
It analyses model (T, N, P), is obtained under different conditions by machine learning, on the number for occurring pressure peak-to-valley value in certain time interval T
Limit and pressure limit size；If monitoring some patient in time T1 (3s), it is more than in pressure value that gasbag pressure value, which has,
The case where limiting (40) P1, and the number for pressure peak-to-valley value occur is more than maximum number of times N1 (3 times), control terminal issues corresponding clinical pre-
It is alert, prompt patient whether suction sputum, whether patient turning over, and whether patient in slotting stomach tube etc.；If monitor some patient when
Between in T2 (4s), gasbag pressure value, which has, is lower than pressure value lower limit P2 (15), and number is more than the feelings of maximum number of times N2 (3 times)
Condition, control terminal issue corresponding Clinical Alert, prompt the whether de- pipe of patient, pipeline whether gas leakage etc..
A kind of monitoring method of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device, method includes the following steps:
(1) after booting powers on, display initialization interface；
(2) balloon interface of patient catheter is connected with the balloon interface of device, guarantees to be completely embedded；
(3) pressure threshold is set by set key and add-substract key, is defaulted as 25~30cmH2O, device bound adjustable extent
For 5~50cmH2O；
(4) it presses start button and realizes a key aerification function, monitor and in steady pressure to setting range；
(5) when patient completes Ventilators treatment, when needing to pull out intubation, start button is pressed again and realizes that a key is put
Gas exempts the operation for needing to be evacuated manually at present；
(6) the gasbag pressure data that PC control terminal real-time reception application end is sent, carry out real-time pressure show, pressure threshold
Setting, pressure limit alarm, patient information storage, historical data review, Clinical Alert function.
Embodiment
In the present embodiment, the step of being monitored using aerocyst of artificial airway pressure monitoring device, is as follows:
1, intubation 60 are found in intensive care unit, wherein male 30 people, the cough stimulation of 30 people of female, patient are anti-
Should be more sensitive, experimental group and control group is respectively set.Conduit is all made of the high capacity low pressure air bag of the cool production in Hangzhou capital
Disposable tracheal catheter, dlameter of the Cuff 19mm.Experimental group uses artificial airway's aerocyst pressure monitoring device of the present invention.Figure
The 4 pressure sensor characteristic curve to be measured in performance test experiment.
2, present apparatus balloon interface is closely connect with the balloon interface of patient cannula's conduit, observes each moment air bag pressure
The variation of power, control terminal record gasbag pressure value in real time.Control group uses special airbag pressure pressure gauge, will every 1 hour
Pressure gauge connection is connected with the balloon interface of same patient cannula's conduit, monitors gasbag pressure value this moment, and record, discovery is lower than
Low pressure limit is perhaps higher than upper pressure limit and then carries out tonifying Qi or bleed air operation.After completing operation, observation patient airway's mucous membrane damage
Condition of the injury condition, whether there is or not catheter displacement, balloon rupture, accidentally suctions etc..
3, since artificial airway is there are gas leakage, and the uncertainty of patient profiles, in fact it could happen that cough, situations such as taking off pipe,
The gasbag pressure value of patient is continually changing.As shown in figure 5, artificial airway's gasbag pressure of the present invention has been used to supervise in experimental group
Device is surveyed, can display real-time and control gasbag pressure value within the set range, in the actual measurement of the multiple particular moment with control group
Pressure value compares to obtain, and continuous monitoring in 24 hours may be implemented in experimental group, and data are accurate, and does not need timing and mend deflation, significantly
The workload for alleviating nurse is effectively guaranteed the stabilization of gasbag pressure value, ensure that the subsequent recovery of patient.The present invention is also
The alarm prompt function of humanization designing, when de- pipe overlong time (as shown in Figure 6) or continuous cough (such as Fig. 7 occurs in patient
It is shown) when, control terminal can remind nurse to carry out human intervention, guarantee the ventilation safety of patient.
Provided verbal description, attached drawing and claims can hold those skilled in the art very much according to the present invention
Easily in the case where not departing from thought and range of condition of the invention defined by claims, a variety of variations and change can be made.
All technical ideas according to the present invention and the substantive any modification carried out to above-described embodiment, equivalent variations, belong to this hair
Bright claim is within the limits of the protection.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device, which is characterized in that including application end and PC control terminal；
The application end for real-time monitoring intubated patient aerocyst of artificial airway pressure and automatically controls, and is being more than normal range (NR)
Shi Jinhang sound-light alarm, comprising: balloon interface (1), air pump (2), pressure sensor (3), solenoid valve (4), A/D chip (5), list
Piece machine (6), liquid crystal display (7), key circuit (8), combined aural and visual alarm (9), power module (10), external power source interface
(11), power switch (12), 9V battery (13) and RS232 serial ports (14)；Wherein, the balloon interface (1) and pressure sensor
(3) input terminal, air pump (2) interface, solenoid valve (4) interface are connected by silicone tube and threeway, and decomposition pressure monitors pipeline；It is described
Pressure sensor (3) is the MPX digital pressure sensor for being usually used in medical instrument；The delivery outlet of the pressure sensor (3) with
The data input port of A/D chip (5) is connected, the data input port phase of the data output and single-chip microcontroller (6) of the A/D chip (5)
Even, the control pin of A/D chip (5) is connected with the corresponding control mouth of single-chip microcontroller (6)；The single-chip microcontroller (6) is using 51 serial monolithics
Machine；The key circuit (8) includes four keys: set key (15), reduces key (17), start button (18) at increasing key (16), point
It is not connected with the corresponding control mouth of single-chip microcontroller (6), completes the setting of pressure bound；The data of the liquid crystal display (7) are defeated
Entrance is connected with the data output of single-chip microcontroller (6), the control corresponding with single-chip microcontroller (6) of the control pin of liquid crystal display (7)
Mouth is connected；One of control mouth of the single-chip microcontroller (6) is connected with phase inverter chip input terminal, phase inverter chip output end with
Air pump driving chip input terminal is connected, and air pump driving chip output end is connected with air pump (2) one end, air pump (2) other end and electricity
Source module (10) is connected, and the air pump driving chip uses Darlington transistor；One of control mouth of the single-chip microcontroller (6)
It is connected with transistor drive circuit input terminal, transistor drive circuit output end is connected with solenoid valve (4) one end, solenoid valve (4)
The other end is connected with power module (10)；The sound and light alarm module (9) includes light emitting diode and buzzer, with single-chip microcontroller
(6) correspondence control mouth is connected, and when gasbag pressure is more than threshold range, light emitting diode is lighted, and buzzer issues prompt tone；Institute
Stating power module (10) is that 9V turns 5V circuit, obtains 5V burning voltage and uses for this monitoring device, wherein the powered by direct current side 9V
Formula includes 9V battery (13) power supply and is powered by external power source interface (11) external 9V adapter, power module (10) band
Indicator light lights after energization；The power switch (12) controls the opening and closing of entire monitoring device；The single-chip microcontroller (6)
MAX232 chip is connect, is connected with RS232 serial ports (14), PC control terminal is sent data to by serial ports；
After monitoring device powers on, pressure threshold is set by set key (15), is defaulted as 25~30cmH2O, bound adjustable extent are
5~50cmH2O, by start button (18), single-chip microcontroller (6) controls air pump (2) work, realizes that a key is inflated to the function of setting range
Can, it monitors in simultaneously steady pressure to setting range, guarantees that patient's gasbag pressure meets clinical demand；If the real-time pressure monitored
Lower than setting lower limit when, single-chip microcontroller (6) control air pump (2) inflate, reach pressure in normal range (NR)；If what is monitored is real-time
When pressure is higher than the upper limit of setting, single-chip microcontroller (6) controls solenoid valve (4) and deflates, and reaches pressure in normal range (NR), realizes automatic
Adjust gasbag pressure；When patient completes Ventilators treatment, when needing to pull out intubation, again by start button (18), list
Piece machine (6) controls solenoid valve (4) and opens, and realizes a key deflation function；
The PC control terminal, writes PC control software using C# language, have real-time pressure show, pressure threshold be arranged,
Pressure limit alarm, patient information storage, historical data review, Clinical Alert function；The PC control terminal receives single-chip microcontroller (6)
The gasbag pressure data of transmission, using display control real-time display current pressure curve and pressure value, when pressure value is more than setting
When range, pressure limit alarm is carried out；The PC control terminal can modify pressure threshold, and threshold signal is sent to single-chip microcontroller
(6), pressure threshold setting is realized；The PC control terminal can deposit real-time pressure data to backstage SQL database, and can carry out
Historical pressures data review；The PC control terminal assesses the breath state of patient by analysis real-time pressure data, reminds medical care
Personnel make corresponding Clinical Alert.
2. a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the device exists
It during clinical use, needs to hang on the monitoring bed head of a bed, reserves screw hole at crust of the device rear, and infusion can be fixed on
Fixing clamp on bar is installed on shell, carries out bedside monitoring to facilitate.
3. a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the present apparatus is also
With pressure calibration unit, the pressure calibration unit includes the gasbag pressure table being mounted at the balloon interface of patient catheter,
Due to having one section of piping connection between the balloon interface of intubation conduit and the balloon interface (1) of device, this section of pipeline is actually deposited
Pressure is denoted as P1 at certain pressure loss, the balloon interface of patient catheter, and pressure is denoted as P2 at the balloon interface of device, real
P1 < P2 on border, therefore remember pressure loss value △ P=P2-P1, wherein P1 is the pressure with external dedicated gasbag pressure table actual measurement
Power, P2 are the pressure at the balloon interface for the device that pressure sensor real-time monitoring obtains；For same model different batches pipe,
Multiple groups test to obtain relevant pressure penalty values △ P, can control air pump in monitoring process and increase aeration quantity, carry out pressure compensation,
So that the gasbag pressure value that liquid crystal display is shown is consistent with the practical gasbag pressure value in monitoring point.
4. a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PC control
End processed has the function of Clinical Alert, by the real-time pressure value received, extracts pressure peak-to-valley value, goes out according in certain time interval T
The case where existing pressure peak-to-valley value size P and times N, are established gasbag pressure analysis model (T, N, P), and assessment patient is likely to occur,
Medical staff is reminded to make corresponding early warning.
5. a kind of artificial air passage aerocyst pressure monitoring device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that obtain a large amount of
Gasbag pressure analysis model (T, N, P) of the patient when suction sputum, inserting the states such as stomach tube, turn, gas leakage, de- pipe, passes through engineering
Under different conditions, in certain time interval T to there is the maximum number of times of pressure peak-to-valley value and pressure limit size in acquistion；If monitoring
To some patient in time T1, gasbag pressure value has the case where being more than pressure value upper limit P1, and pressure peak-to-valley value occurs
Number is more than maximum number of times N1, and control terminal issues corresponding Clinical Alert, prompt patient whether suction sputum, whether patient turning over, suffering from
Whether person is in slotting stomach tube etc.；If monitoring some patient in time T2, gasbag pressure value, which has, is lower than pressure value lower limit P2,
And number the case where being more than maximum number of times N2, control terminal issue corresponding Clinical Alert, prompt the whether de- pipe of patient, whether pipeline leaks
Gas etc..
6. a kind of method for carrying out aerocyst of artificial airway pressure monitoring using any one of claim 1-5 described device, feature
It is, method includes the following steps:
(1) after booting powers on, display initialization interface；
(2) balloon interface of patient catheter is connected with the balloon interface of device, guarantees to be completely embedded；
(3) pressure threshold is set by set key and add-substract key, is defaulted as 25~30cmH2O, device bound adjustable extent be 5~
50cmH2O；
(4) it presses start button and realizes a key aerification function, monitor and in steady pressure to setting range；
(5) when patient completes Ventilators treatment, when needing to pull out intubation, start button is pressed again and realizes that a key is deflated,
Exempt the operation for needing to be evacuated manually at present；
(6) the gasbag pressure data that PC control terminal real-time reception application end is sent, real-time pressure is shown, pressure threshold is set for progress
It sets, pressure limit alarm, patient information storage, historical data review, Clinical Alert function.
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Application publication date: 20190503 |