CN109694752A - The back powder method of fluidized bed and fluidized-bed gasification furnace based on this method - Google Patents
The back powder method of fluidized bed and fluidized-bed gasification furnace based on this method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109694752A CN109694752A CN201910154042.3A CN201910154042A CN109694752A CN 109694752 A CN109694752 A CN 109694752A CN 201910154042 A CN201910154042 A CN 201910154042A CN 109694752 A CN109694752 A CN 109694752A
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 therefore Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
- C10J2300/0936—Coal fines for producing producer gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
- C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
- C10J2300/1631—Ash recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of back powder method of fluidized bed and using this method fluidized-bed gasification furnace, wherein method comprises the following specific steps that: a, to fluidized-bed gasification furnace generate band flying dust coal gas carry out at least once gas solid separation to collect flying dust；B, it mixes further and is sent into gasification furnace with raw coal after collecting flying dust and burnt and gasified；Fluidized-bed gasification furnace includes cylinder, gas outlet is offered at the top of cylinder, bottom offers slag-drip opening, coal feeding pipe is provided on side wall, gas outlet is connected to primary cyclone feed inlet A, the gas outlet A of primary cyclone is connected to waste heat boiler feed inlet B, waste heat boiler discharge port is connected to secondary cyclone feed inlet C, secondary cyclone gas outlet B is connected to bag filter feed inlet D, primary cyclone ash discharging hole A is connected to inner barrel, the ash discharging hole C of secondary cyclone ash discharging hole B and bag filter is respectively communicated with back powder pipeline, back powder pipeline is connected to coal feeding pipe.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to Coal Gasification Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of back powder method of fluidized bed and the stream based on this method
Change bed gasification furnace.
Background technique:
Fluidized-bed gasification furnace is used widely in coal gas field, and fluidized-bed gasification furnace includes cylinder, cylinder upper and lower two
Gas outlet and slag-drip opening is respectively set in end, is provided with central jet pipe in slag-drip opening, and central jet pipe is to gasification furnace injection gas
Agent, the coal in gasification furnace are circulated under the drive of air-flow, while the reaction of high temperature bed material generates coal gas, and coal gas is from going out
Port discharge.
During bed material is burnt and is gasified, it will form a large amount of flying dust (coal dust), these flying dusts can be with coal gas together
It is discharged from gas outlet, these flying dusts also have the value further to gasify, therefore, in post-processing, can receive these flying dusts
Collect and put into gasification furnace again and recycled, flying dust is collected and the process put into gasification furnace again is known as returning
Powder.
Traditional back powder method is the back powder after collecting flying dust by being connected on gasification furnace sidewall or gas distribution grid
Pipeline is directly thrown into gasification furnace, after mixing with bed material in furnace, after flowing to high temperature center fluerics with bed material, could be fired
The bed material of burning ignites and burns and gasify again, this cause flying dust in gasification furnace there are a large amount of time be not in reaction,
This reduces the reaction efficiencies of gasification furnace, moreover, because flying dust is burned coal, therefore, ash surface package is very
The fixed carbon of difficult to burn and gasification, although around the coal of burning, it is also desirable to which one section of longer time can be just ignited.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: providing a kind of back powder method of fluidized bed, this method can make to return
Flying dust in gasification furnace is quickly ignited, and improves the gasification efficiency of flying dust.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: the back powder method of fluidized bed, including have as follows
Body step:
A, gas solid separation at least once is carried out to the band flying dust coal gas that fluidized-bed gasification furnace generates to obtain pure to collect flying dust
Net coal gas；
B, will the flying dust that separated by step a collect after mix with raw coal, further and be sent into gasification furnace and burn
With progress coal gasification reaction.
As a preferred embodiment, multiple gas solid separation is carried out to the band flying dust coal gas that fluidized-bed gasification furnace generates, more
A waste heat recycling is carried out to band flying dust coal gas between secondary gas solid separation.
As a preferred embodiment, by waste heat recycling after carry out gas solid separation caused by low temperature flying dust collect after with original
Coal mixing, it is another and be sent into gasification furnace and carry out burning and coal gasification reaction, it is produced gas solid separation is carried out before waste heat recycling
Raw high temperature flying dust directly send to return to be burnt in gasification furnace and coal gasification reaction again.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by further and being sent into gasification furnace after mixing the flying dust of collection with raw coal, in this way,
It under furnace high-temperature state, is recycled into flying dust before furnace high-temperature central jet area, the colloid melting layer on raw coal surface,
Flying dust can be infected with gelatinous layer, and gelatinous layer is combustible material, and the flying dust for being infected with gelatinous layer can be easily ignited, from
And flying dust is quickly ignited, and then enter the gasification reaction stage, it is returned through the above technical solutions, flying dust can be effectively improved
Coal gasification efficiency after returning gasification furnace.
The present invention further carries out between multiple gas solid separation to band flying dust coal gas to primary remaining with the progress of flying dust coal gas
Recuperation of heat, one can recycle heat for producing and using, secondly flying dust can be made to be easier to separate with coal gas, improve separation effect
Rate.Finally the flying dust recycled without waste heat is mixed with raw coal again with after the flying dust that waste heat recycles mixes, then with raw coal
It is sent into gasification furnace together, in this way, the high temperature of the flying dust without waste heat recycling can melt the gelatinous layer on the raw coal surface layer in coal feeding pipe
Change, so that flying dust can be infected with gelatinous layer in coal feeding pipe, after raw coal and flying dust enter gasification furnace, flying dust can be with raw coal
It is equally quickly ignited, and then rapidly enters the coal gasification rank stage of reaction.
The high temperature flying dust recycled without waste heat is further sent directly into gasification furnace by the present invention, and will be by waste heat recycling
Low temperature flying dust is another after mixing with raw coal and is sent into gasification furnace, since the flying dust temperature recycled without waste heat can be up to 900 degree of left sides
The temperature difference of bed material in the right side, with waste heat boiler in the coal gasification reaction stage is little, and therefore, high temperature flying dust enters gasification furnace
Afterwards, itself have and be quickly ignited and therefore can be sent directly into gasification furnace into the ability in coal gasification reaction stage, with drop
The mixed proportion of low flight ash and raw coal.Flying dust is fine and smooth, and poor air permeability, therefore, a large amount of flying dusts are mixed with raw coal and may reduce
Oxygen content around raw coal, the speed for causing raw coal to be ignited are reduced, be can be effectively reduced using above-mentioned optimal technical scheme
The mixed proportion of flying dust and raw coal avoids raw coal from being lowered the phenomenon that igniting speed generation, specific choice be by high temperature flying dust with
Low temperature flying dust is mixed together in raw coal, or only mixes low temperature flying dust with raw coal, the amount depending on flying dust.
The further technical problems to be solved of the present invention are: providing a kind of flying dust that can make to return in gasification furnace quickly quilt
It lights, improves the fluidized-bed gasification furnace of flying dust burning and gasification efficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: fluidized-bed gasification furnace, including cylinder, cylinder
Gas outlet is offered at the top of body, bottom offers slag-drip opening, and central jet pipe is provided in slag-drip opening, is provided on cylinder lateral wall
Coal feeding pipe, cylinder body bottom are provided with air inlet pipe, which is characterized in that the feed inlet A of the gas outlet and primary cyclone connects
Logical, the gas outlet A of primary cyclone is connected to waste heat boiler feed inlet B, the discharge port and second level whirlwind point of waste heat boiler
Feed inlet C connection from device, the gas outlet B of secondary cyclone are connected to the feed inlet D of bag filter, one cyclonic point
Ash discharging hole A from device is connected to inner barrel, the ash discharging hole B of secondary cyclone and the ash discharging hole C difference of bag filter
It is communicated to the second back powder pipeline, which is connected to coal feeding pipe.
As a preferred embodiment, the ash discharging hole A of the primary cyclone passes through back powder pipeline, coal feeding pipe and cylinder
Inside connection.
As a preferred embodiment, cone barrel gas distribution grid is provided in cylinder, gas distribution grid divides cylinder lumen
The cloth air cavity for being divided into the reaction chamber being positioned above and being disposed below is covered with stomata on gas distribution grid, and the air inlet pipe is set
It sets on cylinder and is connected to cloth air cavity, gas needed for air inlet pipe is filled with coal gasification reaction to the intracavitary portion of gas distribution, gas distribution grid
Mouth lower greatly suitable for reading is small, and gas distribution grid circumferential seal suitable for reading is connected on cylinder inboard wall, and lower mouth is connected with the deslagging extended downwardly
Pipe, scum pipe pass through slag-drip opening and connect with slag-drip opening circumferential seal, and the central jet pipe is arranged in scum pipe, and center is penetrated
Flow tube upper end is located under gas distribution grid at mouth, and reaction chamber lower part is coal dust heap gasification reaction area, and central jet pipe is located at coal dust
Bottom centre, heap gasification reaction area, to coal dust heap gasification reaction area internal spray oxygen, the coal feeding pipe is arranged in cylinder lower part,
In one end insertion cylinder of coal feeding pipe and it is located on gas distribution grid along or passes through the gentle body distribution grid of cloth air cavity.
As a preferred embodiment, the coal feeding pipe is towards coal dust heap gasification reaction district center position.
As a preferred embodiment, offered on the gas distribution grid with the one-to-one coal feed point of coal feeding pipe, into coal
Pipe connects one to one across cloth air cavity and the coal feed point on gas distribution grid, and gas distribution grid is not stretched out in the end of coal feeding pipe
Outside.
As a preferred embodiment, the coal feeding pipe is horizontally disposed, and blowing of blowing into coal feeding pipe is provided on coal feeding pipe
Raw coal in coal feeding pipe is blown into cylinder by device of air, blowning installation.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: due to by the ash discharging hole C of the ash discharging hole B of secondary cyclone and bag filter
It is respectively communicated with to the second back powder pipeline, and the second back powder pipeline is connected to coal feeding pipe, so as to which flying dust to be returned in coal feeding pipe
It is mixed with raw coal, is then sent into gasification furnace together with raw coal and is burnt and gasified, raw coal enters after gasification furnace in high temperature ring
The gelatinous layer of its outer surface can melt under border, and since flying dust is mixed with raw coal, flying dust can be infected with gelatinous layer, gelatinous layer
It is combustibles, therefore, what the flying dust of contamination to gelatinous layer just became is easily ignited, to effectively improve the speed that flying dust is ignited
Degree.
The present invention is further connected the ash discharging hole A of primary cyclone by back powder pipeline, coal feeding pipe and inner barrel
It is logical, so that also foldback enters in coal feeding pipe the flying dust for separating primary cyclone, due to what is separated in primary cyclone
Flying dust recycles heat without waste heat boiler, therefore flying dust temperature is very high, can be by raw coal surface layer adhesive after high temperature flying dust is mixed with raw coal
Matter melting layer, to make flying dust just be infected with upper gelatinous layer in coal feeding pipe, after flying dust enters gasification furnace, it will be able to quickly be drawn
Combustion.
Detailed description of the invention:
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is the first specific embodiment structural schematic diagram of fluidized-bed gasification furnace of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is second of specific embodiment structural schematic diagram of fluidized-bed gasification furnace of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the third specific embodiment structural schematic diagram of fluidized-bed gasification furnace of the present invention.
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3: 1, cylinder, 1-1, reaction chamber, 1-2, cloth air cavity, 2, gas outlet, 3, slag-drip opening, 4, central jet
Pipe, 5, coal feeding pipe, 6, air inlet pipe, 7, primary cyclone, 7-1, feed inlet A, 7-2, gas outlet A, 7-3, ash discharging hole A, 8,
Waste heat boiler, 8-1, feed inlet B, 8-2, discharge port, 9, secondary cyclone, 9-1, feed inlet C, 9-2, gas outlet B, 9-3,
Ash discharging hole B, 10, bag filter, 10-1, feed inlet D, 10-2, ash discharging hole C, 11, back powder pipeline, 12, gas distribution grid, 13,
Stomata, 14, scum pipe, 15, coal dust heap gasification reaction area, 16, coal feed point, 17, blowning installation, 18, tracheae, the 19, first valve,
20, the second valve, 21, supervisor, 22, branch pipe, 23, form.
Specific embodiment:
With reference to the accompanying drawing, detailed description of the present invention specific embodiment.
With reference to Fig. 1, the back powder method of fluidized bed described in the present embodiment is comprised the following specific steps that:
A, gas solid separation three times is carried out to the band flying dust coal gas that fluidized-bed gasification furnace generates to obtain pure to collect flying dust
Coal gas；
B, will the flying dust that separated by step a collect after mix with raw coal, further and be sent into gasification furnace and burn
And coal gasification reaction.
In the present embodiment, after having carried out a gas solid separation to band flying dust coal gas, band flying dust coal gas is carried out primary
Then waste heat recycling, then carries out gas solid separation twice to the band flying dust coal gas by waste heat recycling.
In the present embodiment, first time gas solid separation is carried out to band flying dust coal gas using primary cyclone, using waste heat
Boiler carries out waste heat recycling to band flying dust coal gas, carries out second of gas-solid point to band flying dust coal gas using secondary cyclone
From using bag filter to band flying dust coal gas progress third time gas solid separation.
The present embodiment provides a kind of fluidized-bed gasification furnace for realizing above-mentioned back powder method simultaneously, as shown in Figure 1, the stream
Changing bed gasification furnace includes cylinder 1, gas outlet 2 is offered at the top of cylinder 1, bottom offers slag-drip opening 3, is provided in slag-drip opening 3
Central jet pipe 4 is provided with coal feeding pipe 5 on 1 side wall of cylinder, and 1 bottom of cylinder is provided with air inlet pipe 6, the gas outlet 2 and level-one
The feed inlet A7-1 of cyclone separator 7 is connected to, the gas outlet A7-2 and 8 feed inlet B8-1 of waste heat boiler of primary cyclone 7
Connection, the discharge port 8-2 of waste heat boiler 8 are connected to the feed inlet C9-1 of secondary cyclone 9, secondary cyclone 9
Gas outlet B9-2 is connected to the feed inlet D10-1 of bag filter 10, the ash discharging hole A7-3 of primary cyclone 7, second level rotation
The ash discharging hole B9-3 of wind separator 9 and the ash discharging hole C10-2 of bag filter 10 are respectively communicated with back powder pipeline 11, the back powder pipe
Road 11 is connected to coal feeding pipe 5.
In the present embodiment, it is provided with cone barrel gas distribution grid 12 in cylinder 1, gas distribution grid 12 is by 1 inner cavity of cylinder
The cloth air cavity 1-2 for being separated into the reaction chamber 1-1 being positioned above and being disposed below is covered with stomata 13 on gas distribution grid 12,
The air inlet pipe 6 is arranged on cylinder 1 and connection cloth air cavity 1-2, and air inlet pipe 6 is to being filled with coal gasification reaction inside cloth air cavity 1-2
Required gas, the mouth lower greatly suitable for reading of gas distribution grid 12 is small, and the circumferential seal suitable for reading of gas distribution grid 12 is connected to 1 inner wall of cylinder
On, lower mouth is connected with the scum pipe 14 extended downwardly, and scum pipe 14 passes through slag-drip opening 3 and connect with 3 circumferential seal of slag-drip opening, institute
It states central jet pipe 4 to be arranged in scum pipe 14,4 upper end of central jet pipe is located under gas distribution grid 12 at mouth, reaction chamber 1-1
Lower part is coal dust heap gasification reaction area 15, and central jet pipe 4 is located at 15 bottom centre, coal dust heap gasification reaction area, to coal dust heap gas
Change 15 internal spray oxygen of reaction zone, the coal feeding pipe 5 setting in 1 lower part of cylinder, one end insertion cylinder 1 of coal feeding pipe 5 and
Across cloth air cavity 1-2 and gas distribution grid 12, coal feeding pipe 5 is towards 15 center of coal dust heap gasification reaction area.
In the present embodiment, offered on the gas distribution grid 12 with the one-to-one coal feed point 16 of coal feeding pipe 5, into coal
Pipe 5 passes through cloth air cavity 1-2 and connects one to one with the coal feed point 16 on gas distribution grid 12, and gas is not stretched out in the end of coal feeding pipe 5
Outside body distribution grid 12, the flowing of bed material in reaction chamber 1-1 is stopped to avoid coal feeding pipe 5.
As shown in Figure 1, coal feeding pipe 5 is horizontally disposed, the blowning installation 17 blown into coal feeding pipe 5 is provided on coal feeding pipe 5,
Raw coal in coal feeding pipe 5 is blown into cylinder 1 by blowning installation 17.
As shown in Figure 1, back powder pipeline 11 is also equipped with a blowning installation 17 far from one end of coal feeding pipe 5, can will concentrate
It is sent into coal feeding pipe 5 to the flying dust in back powder pipeline 11.
It is sent into after collecting all flying dusts in the present embodiment in coal feeding pipe 5 and is mixed with raw coal, it then again will be former by coal feeding pipe 5
Burnt and gasified in the reaction chamber 1-1 that coal, flying dust are sent into together in cylinder 1, the advantage that be: without waste heat boiler 8
The flying dust temperature for recycling heat is high, can reach 900 degree or so, can be by raw coal surface layer colloid after mixing into coal feeding pipe 5 with raw coal
Melting layer, during flying dust and raw coal blending transportation, flying dust can be infected with gelatinous layer, and gelatinous layer belongs to combustibles, contamination
The easily burning that the flying dust of gelatinous layer becomes, therefore after flying dust enters reaction chamber 1-1, it can quickly be ignited, and then enter coal
The gasification reaction stage.
And the present embodiment can also further increase the speed that raw coal and flying dust are ignited to the position setting of coal feeding pipe 5,
In the present embodiment, the coal feed point 16 of coal feeding pipe 5 is close to 4 nozzle of central jet pipe, what central jet pipe 4 was sprayed into cylinder 1
It is the oxygen for bed material burning, therefore, the oxygen content highest near 4 nozzle of central jet pipe, ignition temperature highest, the area
Domain becomes high temperature center fluerics, since the coal feed point 16 of coal feeding pipe 5 is close to the high temperature center fluerics, raw coal and fly
After ash enters cylinder 1, can soon flow to high temperature center fluerics it is burned in bed material ignite.
Embodiment 2:
With reference to Fig. 2, the back powder method of fluidized bed described in the present embodiment is comprised the following specific steps that:
A, gas solid separation at least once is carried out to the band flying dust coal gas that fluidized-bed gasification furnace generates to obtain pure to collect flying dust
Net coal gas；
B, will the flying dust that separated by step a collect after mix with raw coal, further and be sent into gasification furnace and burn
And coal gasification reaction.
In the present embodiment, multiple gas solid separation is carried out in the band flying dust coal gas generated to fluidized-bed gasification furnace, in multiple gas
Gu carrying out a waste heat recycling to band flying dust coal gas between separation, then will be carried out caused by gas solid separation after waste heat recycling
Low temperature flying dust mix after collecting with raw coal, further and is sent into gasification furnace and is burnt and carried out coal gasification reaction, and by waste heat
It carries out high temperature flying dust caused by gas solid separation before recycling and directly send to return to be burnt again in gasification furnace and coal gasification reaction.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of fluidized-bed gasification furnace simultaneously, fluidized-bed gasification furnace described in the present embodiment
Structure is roughly the same with embodiment 1, distinguishes in ash discharging hole A7-3 in this present embodiment without back powder pipeline 11, but directly
It is connected to cylinder 1, the ash discharging hole A7-3 flying dust being discharged is sent directly into cylinder 1 and is burnt again；The present embodiment and embodiment 1
Another difference is that, the position of the coal feeding pipe 5 in the present embodiment is slightly higher compared with embodiment 1, as shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment,
5 one end of coal feeding pipe is inserted into cylinder 1 and is located at edge on gas distribution grid 12.
The present embodiment will be sent directly into cylinder 1 without the flying dust that waste heat recycles to burn again, can reduce flying dust and raw coal
Mixed proportion, reduce influence of the flying dust to raw coal combustion, which can be selected according to the amount of flying dust.
And edge on gas distribution grid 12 is inserted into cylinder 1 and is located in 5 one end of coal feeding pipe, the installation of coal feeding pipe 5 can be simplified
Structure reduces manufacture difficulty.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is further improved on the basis of Examples 1 and 2, and specific structure is similar to Example 2, difference
It is, in the present embodiment, ash discharging hole A is connected to by a supervisor 21 with back powder pipeline 11, and a branch is connected on supervisor 21
Pipe 22 is directly connected to cylinder 1, and the first valve 19 is provided on branch pipe 22, the supervisor 21 between branch pipe and back powder pipeline 11
On be provided with the second valve 20, so as to switch the opening and closing of the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 as needed, to switch ash discharge
The flying dust of mouth A discharge is to enter coal feeding pipe 5 by back powder pipeline 11, or be directly entered cylinder 1 by branch pipe 22.First valve
19 and second valve 20 be the powder regulating valve with refrigerating function.
For the ease of counting the amount of flying dust, in order to which operator reasonably selects the back powder road of the flying dust of ash discharging hole A discharge
Diameter can further be arranged form 23 for operator on back powder pipeline 11 and judge back powder amount.
The principles and effects of the invention, and the embodiment that part uses only is illustrated in above-described embodiment,
And is not intended to limit the present invention；It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, not departing from the invention structure
Under the premise of think of, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the back powder method of fluidized bed, which is characterized in that comprise the following specific steps that:
A, gas solid separation at least once is carried out to the band flying dust coal gas that fluidized-bed gasification furnace generates to obtain pure to collect flying dust
Coal gas；
B, will the flying dust that separated by step a collect after mix with raw coal, it is another and be sent into gasification furnace and burn and coal
Gasification reaction.
2. according to back powder method described in the claims 1, which is characterized in that the band flying dust coal generated to fluidized-bed gasification furnace
Gas carries out multiple gas solid separation, carries out a waste heat recycling to band flying dust coal gas between multiple gas solid separation.
3. according to back powder method described in the claims 2, which is characterized in that gas solid separation institute will be carried out after waste heat recycling
The low temperature flying dust of generation mix after collecting with raw coal, another and be sent into gasification furnace and burnt and carried out coal gasification reaction, general
Carried out before waste heat recycling high temperature flying dust caused by gas solid separation directly send return burnt in gasification furnace again it is anti-with coal gasification
It answers.
4. based on the fluidized-bed gasification furnace of back powder method described in claims 1 to 3, including cylinder (1), cylinder (1) top open up
Have gas outlet (2), bottom offers slag-drip opening (3), is provided with central jet pipe (4) in slag-drip opening (3), on cylinder (1) side wall
It is provided with coal feeding pipe (5), cylinder (1) bottom is provided with air inlet pipe (6), which is characterized in that the gas outlet (2) and one cyclonic
The feed inlet A (7-1) of separator (7) is connected to, and the gas outlet A (7-2) of primary cyclone (7) and waste heat boiler (8) are fed
Mouth B (8-1) is connected to, and the discharge port (8-2) of waste heat boiler (8) is connected to the feed inlet C (9-1) of secondary cyclone (9), and two
The gas outlet B (9-2) of grade cyclone separator (9) is connected to the feed inlet D (10-1) of bag filter (10), one cyclonic separation
It is connected to inside the ash discharging hole A (7-3) of device (7) and cylinder (1), the ash discharging hole B (9-3) and cloth bag of secondary cyclone (9) are removed
The ash discharging hole C (10-2) of dirt device (10) is respectively communicated with back powder pipeline (11), which is connected to coal feeding pipe (5).
5. fluidized-bed gasification furnace according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the ash discharge of the primary cyclone (7)
Mouth A (7-3) inside back powder pipeline (11), coal feeding pipe (5) and cylinder (1) by being connected to.
6. fluidized-bed gasification furnace according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be provided with cone barrel gas point in cylinder (1)
Cylinder (1) inner cavity is separated into the reaction chamber (1-1) being positioned above and is disposed below by fabric swatch (12), gas distribution grid (12)
Cloth air cavity (1-2), be covered with stomata (13) on gas distribution grid (12), the air inlet pipe (6) is arranged on cylinder (1) and is connected to
Cloth air cavity (1-2), gas needed for air inlet pipe (6) is filled with coal gasification reaction to cloth air cavity (1-2) inside, gas distribution grid (12)
Mouth lower greatly suitable for reading is small, and gas distribution grid (12) circumferential seal suitable for reading is connected on cylinder (1) inner wall, and lower mouth, which is connected with, to be extended downwardly
Scum pipe (14), scum pipe (14) passes through and slag-drip opening (3) and connect with slag-drip opening (3) circumferential seal, the central jet pipe
(4) setting is in scum pipe (14), and central jet pipe (4) upper end is located under gas distribution grid (12) at mouth, under reaction chamber (1-1)
Portion is coal dust heap gasification reaction area (15), and central jet pipe (4) is located at coal dust heap gasification reaction area (15) bottom centre, to coal dust
Heap gasification reaction area (15) internal spray oxygen, coal feeding pipe (5) setting are inserted in cylinder (1) lower part, one end of coal feeding pipe (5)
Enter in cylinder (1) and is located on gas distribution grid (12) along or passes through cloth air cavity (1-2) and gas distribution grid (12).
7. fluidized-bed gasification furnace according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the coal feeding pipe (5) is gasified towards coal dust heap
Reaction zone (15) center.
8. fluidized-bed gasification furnace according to claim 6, which is characterized in that offered on the gas distribution grid (12) with
The one-to-one coal feed point (16) of coal feeding pipe (5), coal feeding pipe (5) pass through on cloth air cavity (1-2) and gas distribution grid (12) into
Coal mouth (16) connects one to one, and the end of coal feeding pipe (5) does not stretch out gas distribution grid (12) outside.
9. fluidized-bed gasification furnace according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the coal feeding pipe (5) is horizontally disposed, coal feeding pipe
(5) blowning installation (17) blown into coal feeding pipe (5) is provided on, blowning installation (17) blows the raw coal in coal feeding pipe (5)
Enter in cylinder (1).
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| CN109694752B (en) | 2024-08-09 |
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