CN109689879A - Poria cocos tunning and its preparation method - Google Patents
Poria cocos tunning and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109689879A CN109689879A CN201780055209.XA CN201780055209A CN109689879A CN 109689879 A CN109689879 A CN 109689879A CN 201780055209 A CN201780055209 A CN 201780055209A CN 109689879 A CN109689879 A CN 109689879A
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- poria cocos
- acid
- tunning
- sour
- solid state
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
- A61K36/076—Poria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P33/00—Preparation of steroids
Abstract
A kind of Poria cocos (Poria cocos) tunning, wherein on the basis of the gross weight of the Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of following compound (1) to (12) is not less than 0.15 weight %:(1) pachymic acid (pachymic acid, PA)；(2) dehydroabietate (dehydropachymic acid, DPA)；(3) soil is not sour (tumulosic acid, TA)；(4) dehydrotumulosic acid (dehydrotumulosic acid, DTA)；(5) umbellate pore furgus acid C(polyporenic acid C, PAC)；(6) 3-epi- dehydrotumulosic acid (3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid, EDTA)；(7) dehydrogenation bolt bacterium is sour (dehydrotrametenolic acid, DTTA)；(8) bolt bacterium is sour (trametenolic acid, TTA)；(9) Poria cocos eo-acid A(poricoic acid A, PAA)；(10) dehydrogenation shelf fungus is sour (dehydroeburicoic acid, DEA)；(11) Poria cocos eo-acid B(poricoic acid B, PAB)；(12) shelf fungus is sour (eburicoic acid, EA).The Poria cocos tunning is made in the following manner: a solid state substrate (a) is placed in a round；(b) a Poria cocos bacterial strain is inoculated on the solid state substrate；(c) fermented and cultured, wherein the solid state substrate contains root-tuber crop, melon crops or combination above-mentioned.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnings, especially with solid state substrate with the fermented and cultured for carrying out Poria cocos Poria cocos tunning obtained.
Poria cocos medicinal material refers to the dry sclerotia of quasi- shelf fungus section fungi (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf).Poria cocos fungi often colonizes in pine tree root, and it is blocky to be coated on the external a length of ball of tree root, is similar to sweet potato, and crust is in light brown or dark brown (Poria cocos skin zone), internal then pinkiness or white (Poria cocos meat portion).It is sweet, light, flat that Traditional Chinese Medicine ancient books and records record Poria cocos nature and flavor, return heart, spleen, lung, kidney channel, have the effect of eliminating dampness and diuresis, strengthening the spleen and stomach, antitoxic heart-soothing and sedative, cures mainly the illnesss such as spleen eating less, edema swelling, sip and cough, vomiting, difficult urination, palpitation and restlessness, insomnia forgetfulness.Modern medicine study also confirms that fuling triterpene has and adjusts immune system, promotes immunity, antiallergy, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic, promotion nutrient absorption and other effects.
Poria cocos belongs to aerobic fungi, is parasitized on the pines such as pinus yunnanensis, Japanese red pine, pinus khasys, masson pine and Pinus taiwanesis mostly, obtains carbon source (such as cellulose and hemicellulose), nitrogen source, minerals nutrient by pine roots are decomposed.Poria cocos mycelia saprophytic development on pine can grow under given conditions fructification, release spore, and spore can regenerate a length of mycelia in suitable environment again, and iterative cycles are multiplied whereby.
Tradition is to cultivate Poria cocos to simulate Poria cocos natural growing environment " pine section cultivation ", however, pine section cultivation must consume a large amount of pines, and Siberian cocklebur addressing is not easy, cultivates complex steps time-consuming, planting environment condition is difficult to maintain control.In addition, the fuling triterpene content for the Poria cocos medicinal material that " pine section cultivation " is harvested is extremely low (only about 0.07%), it is necessary to be extracted, be purified using a large amount of Poria cocos, the fuling triterpene of sufficient amount can be provided.
Therefore, industry is persistently dedicated to developing the mode other than pine section cultivation, it is desirable to fuling triterpene is obtained in a manner of relatively having an economic benefit.Inventor, with the solid state substrate containing root-tuber crop and/or melon crops, carries out fermented and cultured to Poria cocos, it is possible to provide a tunning containing a large amount fuling triterpene the study found that by solid-state fermentation technology.The method that inventor is had found has both the advantages that environment-friendly function, step are simple, condition is easy maintenance control, time saving, and the tunning containing a large amount fuling triterpene can be provided under the manufacturing cost of relative moderate, deep to have economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
A purpose of the invention, it is to provide a kind of Poria cocos (Poria cocos) tunning, wherein, on the basis of the gross weight of the Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the following compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.15 weight %:
(1) pachymic acid (pachymic acid, PA)；
(2) dehydroabietate (dehydropachymic acid, DPA)；
(3) soil is not sour (tumulosic acid, TA)；
(4) dehydrotumulosic acid (dehydrotumulosic acid, DTA)；
(5) umbellate pore furgus acid C (polyporenic acid C, PAC)；
(6) 3-epi- dehydrotumulosic acid (3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid, EDTA)；
(7) dehydrogenation bolt bacterium is sour (dehydrotrametenolic acid, DTTA)；
(8) bolt bacterium is sour (trametenolic acid, TTA)；
(9) Poria cocos eo-acid A (poricoic acid A, PAA)；
(10) dehydrogenation shelf fungus is sour (dehydroeburicoic acid, DEA)；
(11) Poria cocos eo-acid B (poricoic acid B, PAB)；And
(12) shelf fungus is sour (eburicoic acid, EA).
In Poria cocos tunning of the invention, the ratio of the total amount of the total amount and compound (7) to (12) of compound (1) to (6) is 0.5 to 25；Wherein, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.3 weight %.
Preferably, Poria cocos tunning of the invention is the product by solid-state fermentation of Poria cocos, and solid state substrate used in solid state fermentation contains root-tuber crop, melon crops or combination above-mentioned.More preferably, the melon crops be pumpkin, and the root-tuber crop be it is below at least one: sweet potato, potato, taro and Chinese yam；Especially preferably, which is sweet potato.
Poria cocos tunning of the invention can be made in the following manner:
(a) solid state substrate is placed in a round；
(b) a Poria cocos bacterial strain is inoculated on the solid state substrate；And
(c) fermented and cultured is carried out,
Wherein, which contains root-tuber crop, melon crops or combination above-mentioned.
It in the above-mentioned methods, can be 40% to 90% if necessary in the water content for before carrying out step (c), adjusting the matrix.Preferably, the fermented and cultured of step (c) be 22 DEG C to 32 DEG C at a temperature of carry out；It more preferably, is carried out at 22 DEG C to 32 DEG C of temperature and 30% to 70% relative humidity；Especially preferably, it is to carry out the fermented and cultured at 22 DEG C to 32 DEG C of temperature and 30% to 70% relative humidity, lasts 2 weeks or more.
Wherein, when the progress of the fermented and cultured of step (c) 6 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.6 weight %, and the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.2 weight %；When the progress of the fermented and cultured of step (c) 9 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.4 weight %；When step (c)
Fermented and cultured progress 13 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning was not less than 0.6 weight %.
Detailed technology content of the invention and some embodiments will be described in the following contents, so that feature of the invention is illustrated in those skilled in the art accordingly.
Some embodiments according to the present invention explained below；But under without departing substantially from spirit of that invention, the present invention can be practiced with a variety of various forms of embodiments, and the scope of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to what specification was stated.In addition, in the present specification (especially in preceding claims), used " one ", "the" and similar term are interpreted as comprising odd number and plural form unless in addition Wen Zhongyou illustrates.
In the present specification, so-called " solid state fermentation " refers to the process of and uses solid state substrate as source of nutrition to cultivate fungi (such as Poria cocos bacterial strain)；So-called " solid state substrate " refers to the matrix containing tubers and/or melon equal crops；So-called " Poria cocos meat portion triterpene " refers to pachymic acid, dehydroabietate, native not acid, dehydrotumulosic acid, umbellate pore furgus acid C, 3-epi- dehydrotumulosic acid etc. extraction, the triterpene compound for being purified from Poria cocos meat portion；So-called " Poria cocos skin zone triterpene ", the triterpene compound for referring to the extraction such as dehydrogenation bolt bacterium acid, bolt bacterium acid, Poria cocos eo-acid A, dehydrogenation shelf fungus acid, Poria cocos eo-acid B, shelf fungus acid, being purified from Poria cocos skin zone；So-called " fuling triterpene " refers to the summation of aforementioned Poria cocos meat portion's triterpene Yu Poria cocos skin zone triterpene；So-called " water content of substrate " refers to total restatement with root-tuber crop contained in matrix and/or melon crops and pure water be added, moisture proportion.
It is such as aforementioned, fuling triterpene, which has, to be adjusted immune system, promotes immunity, antiallergy, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic, promotion nutrient absorption and other effects, however, the fuling triterpene content of Poria cocos medicinal material provided by traditional pine section cultivation is only about 0.07 ± 0.01% (with total restatement of Poria cocos medicinal material).Therefore,
Industry is persistently dedicated to the method that exploitation can effectively promote the fuling triterpene content of Poria cocos medicinal material.In terms of Poria cocos solid state fermentation, in a manner of being fermented it has been known that there is patent document (such as TW I469741B) record using the culture substrate of cereal or beans as Poria cocos bacterial strain, the patent document is shown, using wheat, brown rice as fermentation substrate product obtained thick triterpene content be 0.08%, it is 0.26% using adlay as the thick triterpene content of fermentation substrate product obtained, is 0.35% using oat as the thick triterpene content of fermentation substrate product obtained.However, cereal and beans itself contain thick Triterpenoid, therefore, thick triterpene numerical value shown by the patent document is not the total content of fuling triterpene, but the total content of cereal triterpene (or beans triterpene) and fuling triterpene.
As shown in rear attached embodiment, inventor studies discovery, fermented and cultured is carried out to Poria cocos with the solid state substrate containing root-tuber crop and/or melon crops, it can provide the Poria cocos tunning containing a large amount fuling triterpene (including Poria cocos meat portion's triterpene and Poria cocos skin zone triterpene), wherein, in terms of the total content of fuling triterpene, the content of Poria cocos meat portion triterpene accounts for 60% or more.Aforementioned Poria cocos tunning can also possess the nutritional ingredient of part root-tuber crop and melon crops in addition to the nutritional ingredient with Poria cocos.Furthermore, since this kind of crops are usually sweet tasty and refreshing (such as sweet potato has mild sweet taste and special aroma from maltose and glucose), therefore, Poria cocos tunning provided by Poria cocos fermented and cultured is carried out compared to using cereal, beans as matrix, preferable with the flavor of Poria cocos tunning provided by the matrix containing root-tuber crop and/or melon crops, nutritive value is also higher.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of Poria cocos tunning, wherein on the basis of the gross weight of the Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the following compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.15 weight %:
(1) pachymic acid (pachymic acid, PA)；
(2) dehydroabietate (dehydropachymic acid, DPA)；
(3) soil is not sour (tumulosic acid, TA)；
(4) dehydrotumulosic acid (dehydrotumulosic acid, DTA)；
(5) umbellate pore furgus acid C (polyporenic acid C, PAC)；
(6) 3-epi- dehydrotumulosic acid (3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid, EDTA)；
(7) dehydrogenation bolt bacterium is sour (dehydrotrametenolic acid, DTTA)；
(8) bolt bacterium is sour (trametenolic acid, TTA)；
(9) Poria cocos eo-acid A (poricoic acid A, PAA)；
(10) dehydrogenation shelf fungus is sour (dehydroeburicoic acid, DEA)；
(11) Poria cocos eo-acid B (poricoic acid B, PAB)；And
(12) shelf fungus is sour (eburicoic acid, EA).
Preferably, the ratio of the total amount of the total amount and compound (7) to (12) of compound (1) to (6) is 0.5 to 25 in Poria cocos tunning of the invention；Wherein, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.3 weight %.
Poria cocos tunning of the invention can be the product by solid-state fermentation of Poria cocos, and wherein solid state substrate used in solid state fermentation contains root-tuber crop, melon crops or combination above-mentioned.Wherein, which is preferably pumpkin, the root-tuber crop be preferably it is below at least one: sweet potato, potato, taro and Chinese yam, and especially with use sweet potato be more preferably.
Related root-tuber crop of the present invention, wherein the wild species of sweet potato originate from the torrid areas in America, and characteristic is that disease and insect resistance is strong, cultivation is easy, there is extensive plantation all over the world at present.The nutritive value of sweet potato is high, and every 100 g of fresh sweet potatoes contain 28.6 g of carbohydrates, 1 g of thick protein, 13 milligrams of vitamin Cs, 34 milligrams of calcium, and there are also the nutritional ingredients such as phosphorus, carrotene.Sweet potato skin then polysaccharose substance rich in can reduce the cholesterol in blood, keep blood vessel elasticity, helps
In the prevention cardiovascular diseases such as vascular sclerosis and hypertension.Sweet potato contains dietary fiber abundant, therefore edible sweet potato can get comparable satiety, may also aid in enterogastric peristalsis.Sweet potato also is suitable as the source of nutrition of Poria cocos bacterial strain.
Potato belongs to the herbaceos perennial of Solanaceae, and then usually as crop annual or in two seasons of one year when artificial cultivation, it is the third-largest important cereal crops in the whole world that underground stem tuber can be edible, and annual output is only second to wheat and corn, close with rice.Potato tubers has bud eye, can be used for manually broadcasting plant.Potato has very high nutritive value and medical value, it is rich in carbohydrate, it can be supplied to sufficient thermal energy, contain protein, minerals (phosphorus, calcium etc.), vitamins and other nutritious components and dietary fiber abundant simultaneously, it is good for health, and comparable satiety can be generated after eating.Jacket is rich in chlorogenic acid and lipoic acid, and chlorogenic acid has effects that anti-oxidant and anticancer, lipoic acid then Plantain, prevent skin aging.Potato also contains other dietary antioxidants, helps to slow down aging, avoids disease.
Taro belongs to the herbaceos perennial of Araeceae, and all there is a production in whole year, and then usually as annual crop when artificial cultivation, underground stem tuber is edible and can be used as medicine, and in Oceania, Zhu Dao is traditional staple food of part aboriginal.The every section of taro has an axillary bud, can be used for manually broadcasting plant, again most strong with the axillary bud energy of middle and lower part section.A large amount of starch granule is stored in taro, prepared food digestibility is good, while also containing protein and minerals abundant (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, fluorine etc.), vitamin (B groups, C).It is generally believed that taro can promote immune function and digestive function, therefore it is usually applied in the diet planning of the elderly and patient.
Chinese yam belongs to the perennial herbaceous stem winding liana of Dioscoreaceae, and root tuber is known as Chinese yam.Chinese yam be high-carbohydrate, high protein, low fat food, minerals and vitamin rich in a variety of needed by human body, proper amount of edible can increase satiety and can promote enterogastric peristalsis.Also there is Chinese yam multiple efficacies, the proper amount of edible such as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, blood pressure lowering, improvement blood lipid, adjusting estrogen to be beneficial to health.
Related melon crops of the present invention, pumpkin belongs to annual climbing herb plant cucurbitaceous, it can be used as staple food rich in starch, and ingredient containing beta carotene, Vitamin C and E etc. with resistance to oxidation and lutern, phenol, selenium, mannitol etc. have give protection against cancer, the ingredient of anticancer effect.The Zn content of pumpkin is high, helps to prevent prostate enlargement or lesion, therefore be classified as one of 30 kinds of anticancer vegetables and fruits by Federal Food Drug Administration (FDA).In addition, studies have shown that edible squash can provide activated immune system, adjusting blood glucose, protection angiocarpy, promotion skin health and other effects.
Therefore, the present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing Poria cocos tunning of the invention comprising the following steps:
(a) solid state substrate is placed in a round；
(b) a Poria cocos bacterial strain is inoculated on the solid state substrate；And
(c) fermented and cultured is carried out,
Wherein, which contains root-tuber crop, melon crops or combination above-mentioned；The melon crops are preferably pumpkin, and the root-tuber crop be preferably it is below at least one: sweet potato, potato, taro and Chinese yam are especially more preferably with sweet potato.
In the method for preparing Poria cocos tunning of the invention, a pre-activate processing can be carried out to Poria cocos bacterial strain if necessary in front of carrying out step (b).In some embodiments of the invention, Poria cocos bacterial strain is inoculated on culture medium flat plate with the inoculum concentration of 5 millimeters of diameter of fungus block, it, just will be in preactivated Poria cocos strain inoculated to solid state substrate and after the culture medium flat plate for being inoculated with Poria cocos bacterial strain to be placed under conditions of 27 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 40 ± 10% to pre-activate about 6 days for carrying out Poria cocos bacterial strain.The example for being previously used for the preactivated culture medium flat plate of Poria cocos bacterial strain includes, but it is not limited to, malt extract culture medium (malt extract agar, MEA) plate, potato glucose agar medium (potato dextrose agar, PDA) plate.
In the method for preparing Poria cocos tunning of the invention, the length of time that environment temperature and humidity and step (c) when can also carry out if necessary in the water content and set-up procedure (c) for adjusting matrix before carrying out step (c) are carried out.For example, the water content of fermentation substrate can be adjusted to 40% to 90%, and step (c) can be carried out at 22 DEG C to 32 DEG C of temperature and 30% to 70% relative humidity before carrying out step (c).In some embodiments of the invention, before carrying out fermented and cultured, fermentation substrate water content is adjusted to 75% to 85%, is then carried out fermented and cultured 2 weeks or more under conditions of temperature is 27 ± 5 DEG C, relative humidity is 40 ± 10%.
Wherein, when the progress of the fermented and cultured of step (c) 6 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning obtained, the total amount of compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.6 weight %, and the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.2 weight %；When the progress of the fermented and cultured of step (c) 9 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning obtained, the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.4 weight %；When the progress of the fermented and cultured of step (c) 13 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning obtained, the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.6 weight %.
Provided Poria cocos tunning according to the present invention, its fuling triterpene content is apparently higher than Poria cocos medicinal material provided by traditional pine section cultivation (its fuling triterpene content is only about 0.07 ± 0.01%), can directly making food, feed or both aforementioned additive, or can by further extracting, purification process and fuling triterpene is provided.For example, can optionally first Poria cocos tunning of the invention be sterilized, be dried and/or be beaten after powder processing, it is made into the product such as dairy products, meat packing product, Bread and Pastries, pastries, biscuit, mouth containing ingot, capsule, juice, teas, sports drink, nutritious drink, animal feed again, or it is fabricated to the additive of these aforementioned products, but not limited to this.
The present invention is now illustrated further with the following example.Wherein, these embodiments are merely provided as illustrating, rather than to limit the scope of the invention.The scope of the present invention should be as shown in preceding attached claims.
Embodiment
[preparation embodiment]:
A. the pre-activate of Poria cocos bacterial strain
Take Poria cocos bacterial strain (Poria cocos；It is deposited at Foodstuff Industrial Development Inst. of Financial Group Legal Persons, and deposit bacterium numbering is BCRC39126), malt extract culture medium (malt extract agar, MEA are inoculated in the inoculum concentration of the fungus block of diameter 5 millimeters (mm)；Malt extract is purchased from doctor microorganism Science and Technology Ltd., product number: 218630；Agar is purchased from doctor microorganism Science and Technology Ltd., product number: LP0011) on plate, then, it is 27 ± 5 DEG C, under conditions of relative humidity is 40 ± 10% that the MEA plate for being inoculated with Poria cocos bacterial strain, which is placed in temperature, to carry out Poria cocos bacterial strain pre-activate, about 6 days are lasted.It, can also be with potato glucose agar medium (potato dextrose agar, PDA about the pre-activate of aforementioned Poria cocos bacterial strain；Purchased from doctor microorganism Science and Technology Ltd., product number: 254920) plate replaces MEA plate and carries out.
B. the preparation of solid state substrate
B-1. fresh sweet potato, potato, taro, Chinese yam and pumpkin are taken, after cleaning and removing its crust, fourth block of the partial size less than 1 centimeter is cut to respectively and is placed in round (such as air-tight bottle, fermentor).Then, pure water is added in each round with following weight ratios respectively, then sterilized 30 minutes at 121 DEG C, be respectively the 1st, 2,3,4,5 group of solid state substrate after cooling, used for subsequent experimental:
(1) sweet potato fourth: water=1: 0.25 (water content of this solid state substrate is 76%).
(2) potato fourth: water=1: 0.33 (water content of this solid state substrate is 85%).
(3) taro fourth: water=1: 0.33 (water content of this solid state substrate is 78%).
(4) Chinese yam fourth: water=1: 0.33 (water content of this solid state substrate is 83%).
(5) pumpkin fourth: water=1: 0.25 (water content of this solid state substrate is 83%).
B-2. it takes fresh sweet potato, cleans after crust and be cut to sweet potato fourth of the partial size less than 1 centimeter, then drying to constant weight is placed in round (such as air-tight bottle, fermentor) by sweet potato fourth with 50 °C of hot winds.Then, pure water is added in round with the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 (the sweet potato fourth of drying: water), then sterilized 30 minutes under 121 °C, be the 6th group of solid state substrate (water content 60%) after cooling, used for subsequent experimental.
B-3. fresh sweet potato is taken, cleans and removes and be cut to sweet potato fourth of the partial size less than 1 centimeter after its crust, then drying to constant weight is placed in round (such as air-tight bottle, fermentor) by sweet potato fourth with 50 °C of hot winds.Then, pure water is added in round with the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 (the sweet potato fourth through peeling drying: water), then it sterilizes 30 minutes at 121 DEG C, is the 7th group of solid state substrate (water content 60%) after cooling, is used for subsequent experimental.
Embodiment 1: the solid state fermentation culture of Poria cocos bacterial strain
1-1. takes provided by [preparation embodiment] A with preactivated Poria cocos bacterial strain (i.e., Poria cocos fungus block) malt extract culture medium (MEA) plate, be inoculated in the surface (the Poria cocos fungus block of 1/6 platen area inoculum concentration: is inoculated on every group of solid state substrate) of the 1st to 7 group solid state substrate provided by [preparation embodiment] respectively.Then, fermented and cultured is carried out under conditions of being protected from light, temperature is 27 ± 5 DEG C and relative humidity is 40 ± 10%, 35 days is lasted, to obtain Poria cocos tunning.
1-2. takes provided by [preparation embodiment] A with preactivated Poria cocos bacterial strain (i.e., Poria cocos fungus block) malt extract culture medium (MEA) plate, with the inoculum concentration of the Poria cocos fungus block of 1/6 platen area, it is inoculated in the surface of the 7th group of solid state substrate provided by [preparation embodiment].Then, be protected from light, temperature is
27 ± 5 DEG C and relative humidity carry out fermented and cultured under conditions of being 40 ± 10%, last 63 days, and respectively in the 0th, 35 and 63 day sampling Poria cocos tunning.
1-3. takes provided by [preparation embodiment] A with preactivated Poria cocos bacterial strain (i.e., Poria cocos fungus block) malt extract culture medium (MEA) plate, with the inoculum concentration of the Poria cocos fungus block of 1/6 platen area, it is inoculated in the surface of the 6th group of solid state substrate provided by [preparation embodiment].Then, fermented and cultured is carried out under conditions of being protected from light, temperature is 27 ± 5 DEG C and relative humidity is 40 ± 10%, lasts 91 days, and respectively in the 14th, 28,35,42,63 and 91 day sampling Poria cocos tunning.
Embodiment 2: the fuling triterpene content of Poria cocos product by solid-state fermentation
2-1. analysis
Each group Poria cocos tunning provided by above-described embodiment 1-1 to 1-3 is carried out the following processing respectively:
1. powder is dried and beats with 60 DEG C of hot winds, to obtain a Poria cocos product by solid-state fermentation powder；
2. carrying out alcoholic extract to the powder obtained by step 1 with ultrasonic vibrating, aforementioned extraction step is repeated, altogether three times；
3. merging extracts resulting extract liquor three times and filters to remove insoluble matter, to obtain a thick extract；
4. being concentrated under reduced pressure at 60 DEG C the thick extract obtained by step 3 to remove solvent, to obtain an extract；
5. with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (Ultra performance liquid chromatography, UPLC fuling triterpene, Poria cocos meat portion's triterpene or the Poria cocos skin zone triterpene content in the extract obtained by step 4) are analyzed, it is as a result shown in table 1 to table 3 (with percentages show).
2-2. result
Table 1, table 2 and table 3 show the analysis knot of embodiment 1-1,1-2 and the Poria cocos tunning of 1-3 respectively
Fruit.Wherein, Poria cocos meat portion triterpene content is with the gross weight of extract for 100%, calculates pachymic acid, dehydroabietate, the soil not total content of acid, dehydrotumulosic acid, umbellate pore furgus acid C and 3-epi- dehydrotumulosic acid in extract；Poria cocos skin zone triterpene content is then with the gross weight of extract for 100%, calculates dehydrogenation bolt bacterium acid, bolt bacterium acid, Poria cocos eo-acid A, dehydrogenation shelf fungus acid, the total content of Poria cocos eo-acid B and shelf fungus acid in extract；Fuling triterpene content is then the summation of Poria cocos meat above-mentioned portion triterpene content Yu Poria cocos skin zone triterpene content.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
As shown in Table 1, carrying out fermented and cultured to Poria cocos using the 1st group to the 7th group solid state substrate (that is, matrix containing root-tuber crop or melon crops) can provide the fermentation of the Poria cocos containing a large amount fuling triterpene
Product carries out Poria cocos tunning provided by fermented and cultured especially with the 1st, 6,7 group of solid state substrate, and fuling triterpene content is considerably higher.Aforementioned result is shown, according to the present invention, fermented and cultured is carried out to Poria cocos with the solid state substrate containing root-tuber crop or melon crops (such as sweet potato, potato, taro, Chinese yam and pumpkin, especially sweet potato), provided Poria cocos tunning contains the fuling triterpene of a large amount.
From table 2 and table 3, fermented and cultured is carried out to Poria cocos with the solid state substrate containing root-tuber crop or melon crops, the fuling triterpene, Poria cocos meat portion triterpene, Poria cocos skin zone triterpene content in provided Poria cocos tunning are all promoted as the time of fermented and cultured increases.
As shown in above-described embodiment, provided Poria cocos tunning according to the present invention, fuling triterpene content is apparently higher than Poria cocos medicinal material provided by traditional pine section cultivation (its fuling triterpene content is only about 0.07 ± 0.01%), can directly making food, feed or both aforementioned additive, or can by further extracting, purification process and fuling triterpene is provided.
Claims (16)
- A kind of Poria cocos (Poria cocos) tunning, which is characterized in that on the basis of the gross weight of the Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the following compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.15 weight %:(1) pachymic acid (pachymic acid, PA)；(2) dehydroabietate (dehydropachymic acid, DPA)；(3) soil is not sour (tumulosic acid, TA)；(4) dehydrotumulosic acid (dehydrotumulosic acid, DTA)；(5) umbellate pore furgus acid C (polyporenic acid C, PAC)；(6) 3-epi- dehydrotumulosic acid (3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid, EDTA)；(7) dehydrogenation bolt bacterium is sour (dehydrotrametenolic acid, DTTA)；(8) bolt bacterium is sour (trametenolic acid, TTA)；(9) Poria cocos eo-acid A (poricoic acid A, PAA)；(10) dehydrogenation shelf fungus is sour (dehydroeburicoic acid, DEA)；(11) Poria cocos eo-acid B (poricoic acid B, PAB)；And(12) shelf fungus is sour (eburicoic acid, EA).
- Poria cocos tunning as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ratio of the total amount of the total amount and compound (7) to (12) of compound (1) to (6) is 0.5 to 25.
- Poria cocos tunning as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.3 weight %.
- Poria cocos tunning as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is the product by solid-state fermentation of Poria cocos, wherein solid state substrate used in solid state fermentation contains root-tuber crop, melon crops or combination above-mentioned.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the root-tuber crop be it is below at least one: sweet potato, potato, taro and Chinese yam.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the root-tuber crop is sweet potato.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the melon crops are pumpkins.
- Poria cocos tunning as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is obtained in the following manner:(a) solid state substrate is placed in a round；(b) a Poria cocos bacterial strain is inoculated on the solid state substrate；And(c) fermented and cultured is carried out,Wherein, which contains root-tuber crop, melon crops or combination above-mentioned.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that further include that the water content of the matrix is adjusted before carrying out step (c) is 40% to 90%.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that step (c) be 22 DEG C to 32 DEG C at a temperature of carry out.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that step (c) is carried out under 30% to 70% relative humidity.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that step (c) progress 2 weeks or more.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, when step (c) progress 6 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (1) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.6 weight %.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that, when step (c) progress 6 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.2 weight %.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, when step (c) progress 9 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.4 weight %.
- Poria cocos tunning as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, when step (c) progress 13 weeks or more, on the basis of the gross weight of Poria cocos tunning, the total amount of the compound (7) to (12) in the Poria cocos tunning is not less than 0.6 weight %.
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