CN109689412A - 具有电动机的混合驱动模块 - Google Patents

具有电动机的混合驱动模块 Download PDF

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CN109689412A
CN109689412A CN201780053398.7A CN201780053398A CN109689412A CN 109689412 A CN109689412 A CN 109689412A CN 201780053398 A CN201780053398 A CN 201780053398A CN 109689412 A CN109689412 A CN 109689412A
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motor
combination drive
drive module
electric power
power electronic
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CN109689412B (zh
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B·D·钱伯林
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Berg Warner Sweden
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0402—Cleaning of lubricants, e.g. filters or magnets
    • F16H57/0404—Lubricant filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/05—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating of chains
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
    • G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
    • G21C3/33—Supporting or hanging of elements in the bundle; Means forming part of the bundle for inserting it into, or removing it from, the core; Means for coupling adjacent bundles
    • G21C3/331—Comprising hold-down means, e.g. springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
    • G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
    • G21C3/33—Supporting or hanging of elements in the bundle; Means forming part of the bundle for inserting it into, or removing it from, the core; Means for coupling adjacent bundles
    • G21C3/3315—Upper nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种混合驱动模块，所述混合驱动模块包括电动机(110)和可操作地连接到所述电动机(110)的电力电子模块(300)，由此所述电力电子模块是所述电动机(110)的一部分。

Description

具有电动机的混合驱动模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合驱动模块，尤其涉及此类混合驱动模块的电动机。
背景技术
用于乘用车的混合动力系统正在引起人们的关注，并且近年来人们已经提出针对此类应用的各种解决方案。特别是，有人已经建议提供混合动力功能作为添加至现有动力系统的单独模块。现有的混合驱动模块的一个示例包括第一链轮和电动机，该第一链轮旨在通过双质量飞轮和分离离合器间接地连接到内燃机的曲轴，所述电动机优选为48V的电动机，正被驱动性地连接到第二链轮。第一链轮和第二链轮通过皮带连接，从而形成皮带驱动器，以允许各种各样的驾驶模式，例如纯电动驾驶、回收电力、牵引模式和加力助推。在该现有技术的系统中，所述电动机、飞轮、离合器和皮带驱动器形成为独立的模块，其可以添加至现有的动力系统中。
混合动力车辆通常包括用于将来自电压源(例如电池)的电力传输至电动机的电力电子单元。电力电子器件用于为任何负载提供动力。电力电子器件可以包括固态电子器件，例如晶体管和电源开关、整流器等。在其他功能中，混合动力车辆中的电力电子器件通常将直流电转换为交流电供电动机使用，这样可以向负载提供动力，电力电子器件通常使用大功率线缆连接至电池和电动机。
电力电子器件的一个典型方面是它们在负载和电力电子器件之间需要坚固耐用的大功率容量线缆。大功率线缆不仅价格昂贵，而且增加了车辆的重量。此外，尽管电力电子器件降低了封装尺寸，这在重量方面是不错的，但电力电子器件产生大量的热量，随后的发热通常导致性能和可靠性降低。
经改进的拥有电力电子器件的混合驱动模块能提高性能和可靠性，降低重量和成本，这显然是理想的。
发明内容
因此，本文教导的目的是提供一种经过改进的混合驱动模块，其克服了现有技术解决方案的各种缺点。
根据第一方面，本发明提供一种混合驱动模块。该混合驱动模块包括电动机和可操作地连接到所述电动机的电力电子模块，由此电力电子模块是电动机的一部分。与电动机结成一体的电力电子装置减轻了重量，并减少了混合驱动模块中的部件数量。
在一种实施方式中，混合驱动模块包括外壳和链条驱动器，所述链条驱动器通过至少一个联轴器将电动机与相应的内燃机的曲轴相连接。所述外壳还包括具有入口和出口的储存器，所述入口被配置为在操作期间从所述链条接收油，所述出口被布置成将油分配给电动机。因而，电动机以及形成为其一部分的电力电子器件被冷却。
在一种实施方式中，至少一个所述联轴器是并联双离合器系统中的至少一个离合器。在这种系统中，所述混合驱动模块包括P2离合器系统的一部分。
在一种实施方式中，所述电动机和电力电子模块是热连接的。
在一种实施方式中，所述电力电子模块形成电动机模块。
所述电力电子模块可以被配置为从所述电动机接收电力。
在一种实施方式中，电力电子模块可操作地连接到车辆电子系统。所述电力电子模块可以被配置为提供电子控制单元(ECU)功能。
在一种实施方式中，所述车辆电子控制单元功能包括多个混合驱动传感器。
在第二方面，本发明提供一种发动机组件。所述发动机组件包括内燃机和根据任何一种公开的实施方式的混合驱动模块，所述混合驱动模块包括电动机和电力电子模块。所述外壳由所述内燃机的发动机缸体的端部和从所述端部延伸出的耳状结构形成，并且所述电力电子模块是电动机的一部分。
在第三方面，本发明提供一种混合动力车辆。所述混合动力车辆包括根据第二方面的发动机组件。
附图说明
下面将参考附图描述本文教导的实施方式的更多细节，附图示出关于如何将实施方式简化至实践当中的非限制性实施例，并且其中：
图1显示根据本发明的一种实施方式的混合驱动模块的原理示意图；
图2是根据本发明的一种实施方式的混合驱动模块的部件的剖视图；
图3是根据本发明的一种实施方式的混合驱动模块的部件的立体图；和
图4是根据本发明的一种实施方式的与混合驱动模块一起使用的电动机的部件的剖视图。
具体实施方式
从图1开始，其显示一台车辆的发动机组件10的示意图。所述车辆通常为乘用车，并且根据本发明的一种实施方式，所述发动机组件10包括内燃机20和混合驱动模块100。正如下面将要解释的，所述混合驱动模块100机械地连接到所述内燃机20的曲轴22，以便向与混合驱动模块100串联布置的传动装置(未示出)提供额外的驱动扭矩。因此，图1明确显示所述传动装置也连接至所述曲轴22。
所述混合驱动模块100包括电动机110和链条驱动器120，所述链条驱动器120将所述电动机110和所述曲轴22连接起来。为此，所述电动机110驱动所述链条驱动器120的第一链轮122，由此一旦所述电动机110启动，所述第一链轮122的旋转运动经由链条126传递到所述链条驱动器120的第二链轮124。
第二链轮124通过一个或多个联轴器驱动性地连接至所述曲轴22。在图1所示的实施方式中，第二链轮124连接到分离离合器130的输出，所述分离离合器130从双质量飞轮140接收驱动扭矩。对于并联双离合器系统(通常表示为混合动力P2系统)，所述分离离合器130通常被称为C0离合器。所述双质量飞轮140直接从所述曲轴22接收输入扭矩，该双质量飞轮140可以被另一个扭转阻尼/吸收装置代替。然而，为实现本实施方式的目的，所述分离离合器130和/或双质量飞轮140(或其替代品)可以被省略，或被另一种合适的联轴器所代替。
图1中还示出另一个可选的离合器150，这里表示起动离合器。再次参考P2系统，所述起动离合器通常被称为C1离合器。所述起动离合器150布置在混合驱动模块100的下游，即位于传动装置上游的混合驱动模块100的输出侧。应该认识到，所述起动离合器150可以由扭矩变换器或类似装置所取代。
所述电动机110优选为48V电动机/交流发电机(alternator)，因此，其可用于为车辆的现有动力系提供混合动力功能。对于其他实施方式，也可能在本申请的范围内，可以使用高压混合电动机。更具体地，与使用皮带驱动器相比，提供的所述链条驱动器120允许高压混合电动机的模块化。皮带驱动器永远无法适应更强大的高压混合动力电动机提供的更高负荷。
混合驱动模块100还包括电力电子器件，其是电力电子模块300。所述电力电子模块300可操作地连接到电动机110。电力电子模块300可以控制所述电动机110并为其供电。电力电子模块300可以是所述电动机110的一部分。电动机110包括形成为其一部分的电力电子模块300，这降低了车辆对价格昂贵的大功率线缆的需求。此外，大功率线缆的总距离较大，这增加了整个混合驱动模块100的重量。减少混合驱动模块100内的大功率线缆可降低所述混合驱动模块100的重量。所述电力电子模块300和电动机110可以放置在单个封装中，由此所述电动机110和电力电子模块形成电动机模块。所述电力电子模块300和电动机110还可以设置在单个外壳中。在这种情况下，所述电力电子模块300不在混合驱动模块100的外部。
所述电力电子模块300被配置为向电动机110提供电动机运行所需的电压和功率。例如，所述电力电子模块300可以为电动机110提供48V的电压。电力电子模块300还可以为更高电压的电动机提供电力。在这种情况下，所述电力电子模块可以配置成向电动机提供例如48V-700V的电压。所述电力电子模块还可以被配置为接收在电动机110中产生的交流电。电动机110产生的电力可以转换为直流电，以存储在诸如电池的储能单元中。
所述电力电子模块300还可以被配置为向其他车辆系统提供电力。所述电力电子模块300还可以被编程为向混合驱动模块100内的其他部件提供ECU功能，例如电动机控制、处理传感器数据、控制致动器等。对于控制致动器的情形，所述电力电子模块300可以被配置为控制分离离合器130的致动器。电力电子模块300还可以向混合驱动模块100内包含的传感器提供电力。在这种情况下，所述电力电子模块可以被配置为提供多个电压，其中每个电压与每个车辆系统所需的电压相匹配。例如，传感器可能需要24V电源输入，在这种情况下，所述电力电子模块300可以为电动机110提供48V电源输入，并且向传感器提供24V电源输入。所述电力电子模块300可以被配置为提供任何相关的电压，例如但不限于3.5V、5V、12V和48V等。所述电力电子模块300可以被配置为将由电动机110产生的交流电转换为直流电，以向其他车辆系统分配电力。在一些情况下，电动机110中产生的电力不需要首先被传输至诸如电池的储能单元，它可以无需通过储能单元而被转换成直流电并且随后被分配到其他车辆系统中。
整个混合驱动模块100还包括润滑系统，根据本文提供的各种实施方式，该润滑系统基于一个原理，即所述链条126将有助于将润滑油循环到所述混合驱动模块100的旋转部件(即一个或多个联轴器)。应该进一步注意的是，在也使用起动离合器或扭矩变换器150的情况下，该部件也可以布置在混合驱动模块100内，因而从相同的润滑系统中受益。
在一些实施方式中，所述润滑系统可以由油泵160支持，所述油泵160也可以由电力电子模块300控制。
在本文公开的上下文中，润滑油应广义地理解为涵盖适用于特定应用的任何自动传动装置流体、发动机油、或其他类型的润滑和冷却流体。
为大致理解所述混合驱动模块100，图2示出所述混合驱动模块100的部件的横截面，表明所述混合驱动模块100具有紧凑性。
所述曲轴22向双质量飞轮140的主要惯性质量块142提供输入扭矩。所述双质量飞轮140的次要惯性质量块144转而连接至所述分离离合器130的输入侧，这是以有限滑动联轴器的形式。所述分离离合器130的输出侧连接到承载着链条126的第二链轮124。优选地，可以提供一个或多个弹簧将内部质量块142,144彼此连接，这样次要惯性质量块144可相对于主要惯性质量块142旋转，由此这些弹簧可以变形，促使从所述内燃机20传递的扭转振动降低。
所述双质量飞轮140和分离离合器130被设置为围绕所述曲轴22同心布置，从而降低所述混合驱动模块100的轴向长度。
图3中再次示出所述发动机组件10。可以看出，所述混合驱动模块100被封闭在外壳170中。所述外壳170由内燃机20的发动机缸体26的端部24，附接到所述端部24并从所述发动机缸体向外延伸的耳状结构，以及密封所述外壳170的匣盒(见图5)形成。配备一个耳状结构180以允许用于所述电动机110和链条组件120的第一链轮122的空间，而所述双质量飞轮140，分离离合器130和第二链轮124的尺寸被设计成适合放置在端部24内的圆形区域内。
所述外壳170借助于布置在耳状结构180内的插入件200形成储存器190，可选地延伸至所述端部24内的圆形区域中。所述储存器190布置成在操作期间容纳油，并在操作期间为链条126提供润滑。
所述储存器190的设置允许完全被动的润滑系统，这意味着不需要外部的油泵或通道来为所述混合驱动模块100的旋转部件提供充分的润滑。更具体地，所述链条126在操作期间将在第一链轮122的上端抛掷油滴，使得油流入储存器190中。当所述储存器内的油位达到一定高度时，设置在储存器190中的出口将允许油在所述链条126与第一链轮122相遇的位置离开所述储存器190。通过这种设置，所述链条126将通过其自身的运动而获得润滑。
未输送到储存器的油量将最终下落到所述外壳170的底部。由于耳状结构180布置在略微高于端部26圆形区域最低点的垂直位置，油将最终流到在第二链轮124、双质量飞轮140、链条126和分离离合器旋转的圆形区域的最下部区域中。因此，这些旋转部件124，126，130，140，尤其是双质量飞轮140的主要惯性质量块142，将拾取油滴并围绕其周边推动油滴。可选地，相同的油可以通过回路到达所述旋转部件以改善冷却和润滑。例如，这种回路可以包括热交换器，用于从混合驱动模块100中的各种组件消除过多的热量。
最终，该油将再次流入储存器190。为此，所述储存器190入口的尺寸被设计成主要从链条接收油，但也从其他旋转部件130，140接收油。
磁铁216优选地布置在所述储存器190的底部，以便吸引包含在油中的任何金属颗粒。可选地，所述磁铁216可以由过滤器或其他合适的装置代替或与其相结合，用于在运行期间清洁所述润滑流体。
上面提供的实施方式都享有相同的技术构思，即利用被动润滑系统用于使用链条驱动器120和储存器190的整个混合驱动模块100，借此润滑油可以在混合驱动模块100内部得到循环。
图4显示电动机110的实施例。在该实施例中，电动机110不仅被配置为从储存器190接收油以用于电动机110的冷却和润滑，而且还充当油泵与链条驱动器120相组合用于混合驱动模块100的整个润滑系统。需要留意的是，图4内省略了电力电子模块300。
特别地，电动机110的旋转轴112设置有轴向入口用于接收来自储存器190的油。所述旋转轴112内的通道113输送油，直到油抵达一个或多个径向钻孔114，油在此退出并触及转子组件。当转子组件旋转时，它将油从旋转轴112中拉出，使其穿过转子组件115，并将油抛掷到端部线圈116上。油冷却剂可选地转移到用于电子设备的热交换器上以吸取热量。
由于转子组件115上的出口孔114与所述旋转轴112的中心线存在一定的径向距离，这将产生泵送动作以将油牵引越过出口孔。然后，油可以回流到匣盒220(cassette)中以便又一次被再循环利用。
与水冷式电动机相比，油冷式电动机110将允许更高水准的持续性能表现。这是因为油冷却剂直接施加到电机的高温部件(即定子的铜端部线圈和转子组件)上以冷却磁铁。
在包括形成为电动机110的一部分的电力电子模块300的多个系统中，由所述电力电子模块300产生的热量可以耗散到电动机110中。在这些系统中，电动机110的冷却具有所述电力电子模块300也被冷却的效果。电动机和电力电子模块从储存器190接收油用于冷却。所述电力电子模块300也可以直接由来自储存器190的油冷却。在诸如以上描述的那些系统中，电力电子模块300或许可操作地连接和热连接至所述电动机110。
应该注意的是，改进的构思不限于本文描述的诸多实施方式，并且可以在不脱离所附权利要求范围的前提下进行修改。

Claims (11)

1.一种混合驱动模块，所述混合驱动模块包括电动机(110)和可操作地连接到所述电动机(110)的电力电子模块(300)，由此所述电力电子模块是所述电动机(110)的一部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合驱动模块，其中，所述混合驱动模块包括外壳(170)和链条驱动器(120)，所述链条驱动器(120)通过至少一个联轴器(130,140)将所述电动机(110)与相应的内燃机(20)的曲轴(22)相连接，其中所述外壳(170)还包括具有入口(212)和出口(214,214’)的储存器(190)，所述入口(212)被配置为在操作期间从所述链条(126)接收油，所述出口(214,214’)被布置成将油分配给所述电动机(110)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合驱动模块，其中，至少一个所述联轴器(130,140)是并联双离合器系统中的至少一个离合器。
4.根据权利要求1-3所述的混合驱动模块，其中，所述电动机(110)和电力电子模块(300)是热连接的。
5.根据权利要求1-4所述的混合驱动模块，其中，所述电力电子模块(300)形成电动机模块。
6.根据权利要求1-5所述的混合驱动模块，其中，所述电力电子模块(300)被配置为从所述电动机(110)接收电力。
7.根据权利要求1-6所述的混合驱动模块，其中，所述电力电子模块(300)可操作地连接到车辆电子系统。
8.根据权利要求7所述的混合驱动模块，其中，所述电力电子模块被配置为提供电子控制单元(ECU)功能。
9.根据权利要求8所述的混合驱动模块，其中，所述车辆电子控制单元功能包括混合驱动传感器。
10.一种发动机组件，所述发动机组件包括内燃机(20)和根据前述任何一项权利要求所述的混合驱动模块(100)，所述混合驱动模块(100)包括电动机(110)和电力电子模块(300)，其中，所述外壳(170)由所述内燃机(20)的发动机缸体(26)的端部(24)和从所述端部(24)延伸出的耳状结构(180)形成，其中所述电力电子模块(300)为所述电动机(110)的一部分。
11.一种混合动力车辆，所述混合动力车辆包括根据权利要求10所述的发动机组件(10)。
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US20190176608A1 (en) 2019-06-13
US11072232B2 (en) 2021-07-27
EP3507121A1 (en) 2019-07-10
JP2019532607A (ja) 2019-11-07
KR20190041004A (ko) 2019-04-19
WO2018041913A1 (en) 2018-03-08
CN109689412B (zh) 2023-10-24

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