CN109687898A - Broadband beams synthesis chip based on active true time delay elements - Google Patents
Broadband beams synthesis chip based on active true time delay elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN109687898A CN109687898A CN201811411541.8A CN201811411541A CN109687898A CN 109687898 A CN109687898 A CN 109687898A CN 201811411541 A CN201811411541 A CN 201811411541A CN 109687898 A CN109687898 A CN 109687898A
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- time delay
- delay elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/42—Diversity systems specially adapted for radar
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of broadband beams synthesis chips based on active true time delay elements, including multiple low noise amplifier modules, multiple true time delay elements, multiple adders and multiple output buffer modules, low noise amplifier module is located at the front end of multi-beam matrix, to be amplified to the signal from space and reduce noise, signal of the adder Module by each road by delay is overlapped, it exports buffer stage and plays impedance matching and buffer action, it is characterized in that, precise delay is generated using active filter circuit and then realizes that the constant delay of adjacent antenna to output port is poor, to make up the time difference for receiving signal, in-phase stacking is carried out to coherent signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is suitable for the super broad band radio communication system in the fields such as radar, military communication, especially suitable for
MIMO (multiple-input, multiple-output) system.
Background technique
Beam synthesizing technology (space filtering) is a Main way in array signal processing research, it mainly applies to
The directionality of signal emits and receives.Beam synthesizing technology is to be filtered the element in each array, and removal high frequency is made an uproar
Sound and interference, enhance desired signal.The technology is a kind of in multi-antenna systems to be realized using variable time delay and gain
The technology of Sidelobe Suppression and selectivity.In narrowband phased array system, variable time delay is usually that an approximate phase shifter comes
Simplify and realizes.Although phase shift be for many narrowband applications it is enough, work as instantaneous signal bandwidth and integral array size
When becoming very large, broadband frequency response can be generated[1-2], then will lead to the wave beam to be formed using phase shifter and generate offset, therefore
True time delay[3-4]ARRAY PROCESSING is necessary.In true time delay Beam synthesis system, phase shift is and frequency dependence, signal delay
Time be it is fixed, avoid wave beam destruction superposition, be suitable for ultra-wideband communications.Multiaerial system can be used for receiver
(single input and multi-output), transmitter (multiple input single output) or both (multiple-input and multiple-output: MIMO)[5].Multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO)
System creates independent channel path using antenna space diversity, and combines reception in the best way using space-time processing techniques
Signal[6].Traditional MIMO framework, such as butler matrix[7], two-way complex RF phased array etc., using phase shifter element, fit
Together in narrow-band communication system；Cloth Lars matrix[8]Using true time delay elements, although being suitable for ultra-wideband communication system, low
Since big delay time can occupy a large amount of chip areas when frequency communicates.
Bibliography:
[1]Ariyarathna V,Udayanga N,Madanayake A,et al.Design methodology of
an analog 9-beam squint-free wideband IF multi-beamformer for mmW
applications[C]//Engineering ResearchConference.IEEE,2017:236.
[2]Moallemi S,Welker R,Kitchen J.Wide band programmable true time
delay block for phasedarrayantennaapplications[C]//Circuits andSystems
Conference.IEEE,2017.
[3]T.-S.Chu and H.Hashemi,“A true time-delay-based bandpass multibeam
array at mm-waves supporting instantaneously wide bandwidths,”in IEEE
Int.Solid-State Circuits Conf.Dig.Tech.Papers(ISSCC),Feb.2010,pp.38–39.
[4]S.Park and S.Jeon,“A 15–40GHz CMOS true-time delay circuit for UWB
multi-antennasystems,”IEEEMicrow.Compon.Lett.,vol.23,no.3,pp.149–151,
Mar.2013.
[5]A.Hajimiri,et.al.Phased array system in silicon[J].IEEE
Commun.Mag.,vol.42,no.8,Aug.2004.122-130.
[6]S.M.Alamouti.A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless
communications[J].IEEEJSAC,vol.16,no.8,Oct.1998.1451-58.
[7]V.Marziale,“6×6SHF multiport amplifierfor flexible payload
applications,”in Proc.ESAWorkshopAdv.FlexibleTelecomPayloads,Nov.2008,p.1.
[8]T.Djerafi,N.J.G.Fonseca,andK.Wu,“Broadband substrate integrated
waveguide 4×4Nolen matrix based on coupler delay compensation,”IEEE
Trans.Microw.Theory Techn.,vol.59,no.7,pp.1740–1745,Jul.2011.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, in the base of loop network delay framework
It is improved on plinth, the conflict of signal is removed in a manner of signal one-way flow, and realize module reuse, obtain stable group delay
When.Traditional passive delay unit is replaced using the active delay unit of Gm-C structure, chip area is greatly lowered, it is real in broadband
The stability being now delayed, the multidirectional with Beam synthesis.Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of broadband beams synthesis chip based on active true time delay elements, including multiple low noise amplifier modules are more
A true time delay elements, multiple adders and multiple output buffer modules, low noise amplifier module are located at multi-beam matrix
Front end, to amplify and reduce noise to the signal from space, signal of the adder Module by each road by delay into
Row superposition, output buffer stage play impedance matching and buffer action, which is characterized in that when generating accurate using active filter circuit
Prolong and then realize that the constant delay of adjacent antenna to output port is poor, so that the time difference for receiving signal is made up, to coherent signal
Carry out in-phase stacking.
Particularly, using four antennas, the received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module,
First adder and the first buffer to the first output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively pass through the second low noise
Amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, first adder and the first buffer to the first output port, third antenna receive
Spacing wave successively pass through third low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 9th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 10th τ, first
Adder and the first buffer to the first output port；The 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively passes through the 4th low noise amplification
Device module, the true time delay elements of the 13rd τ, the true time delay elements of the 14th τ, the true time delay elements of the 15th τ, first adder and
First buffer to the first output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 1 τ,
The true time delay elements of 2nd 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 1 τ, second adder and the second buffer are to second output terminal mouth, and second day
The received spacing wave of line successively passes through the second low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, the true time delay list of the 6th 1 τ
To second output terminal mouth, it is low that the received spacing wave of third antenna successively passes through third for member, second adder and the second buffer
Noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 9th 1 τ, second adder and the second buffer are to second output terminal mouth, the 4th antenna
Received spacing wave successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, second adder and the second buffer to second output terminal
Mouthful；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 1 τ,
The true time delay elements of 2nd 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 4th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the one 3 τ, the 2nd 3 τ are true
Time delay elements, third adder, third buffer to third output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively pass through
Two low noise amplifier modules, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 7th 1 τ, the 8th 1 τ
True time delay elements, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 3 τ, third adder, third buffer to third output port, third antenna receive
Spacing wave successively pass through third low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 9th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 10th τ, the tenth
The true time delay elements of one 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 12nd τ, third adder, third buffer to third output port, the 4th day
The received spacing wave of line successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 13rd τ, third adder,
Three buffers are to third output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 1 τ,
4th adder, the 4th buffer to the 4th output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively pass through the second low noise
Amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 7th 1 τ, the true time delay list of the 8th 1 τ
Member, the 4th adder, the 4th buffer to the 4th output port, the received spacing wave of third antenna successively pass through third low noise
Acoustic amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 9th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 10th τ, the true time delay elements of the 11st τ, the 12nd τ are true
Time delay elements, the true time delay elements of the 4th 3 τ, the 4th adder, the 4th buffer to the 4th output port, the 4th antenna are received
Spacing wave successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 13rd τ, the true time delay elements of the 14th τ,
The true time delay elements of 15 τ, the true time delay elements of the 16th τ, the true time delay elements of the 5th 3 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 3 τ, the 4th add
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass, the 4th buffer to the 4th output port.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art
(1) present invention improves traditional passive network Beam synthesis framework, using active true time delay elements, pole
The earth reduces chip area, and eliminates the signal conflict problem of signal two-way flow generation, obtains more stable group delay.
(2) present invention is highly integrated, merges low-noise amplifier, adder, buffer, the active true multiple moulds of time delay elements
Block.
(3) return loss of the present invention is small, and gain is big, wide bandwidth, and small, good directionality is fluctuated in delay, receives signal and covers model
It encloses wide.
(4) circuit structure of the present invention is simple, and complexity is low, and overall cost is cheap.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Wideband Beam synthesis chip the present invention is based on active true time delay elements.
Fig. 2 is low-noise amplifier used in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is adder used in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is output buffer used in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is active true time delay elements used in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is input reflection coefficient S11 of the present invention and output reflection coefficient S22 simulation result.
Fig. 7 is overall gain simulation result of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is each communication channel delay simulation result of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is Direction Pattern Simulation result of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements, including low noise is put
Big device module, true time delay module, adder Module and output buffer stage block.Before low-noise amplifier is located at multi-beam matrix
End, amplifies the signal from space and reduces noise.Signal of the adder Module by each road by delay is overlapped,
It exports buffer stage and plays impedance matching and buffer action.Precise delay, which is generated, by active filter circuit realizes adjacent antenna
Constant delay to output port is poor, to make up the time difference for receiving signal, carries out in-phase stacking to coherent signal.
Fig. 2 is ultra wide band used by the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements
Low-noise amplifier reduces noise using noise cancellation technique, improves gain and weakens the influence of post-module noise.Using
Low-noise amplifier bilateral symmetry, use common source parallel feedback carry out noise cancellation.The phase inverter knot being made of M1, M2
Structure reduces power consumption by using current multi-way multiplexing, is sized, it can be achieved that 100 ohm of differential input impedance matchings.Letter
Number after inversion, M6 is ac-coupled to by the high-pass filter that R2 and C1 is formed.Cascode transistors M4 improves insulation
Property and by reducing Miller effect from M5 reduce input capacitance.Source follower M6 is by signal and noise reverse phase, not only
Noise cancellation is realized, output buffer is also served as and output is kept to match with its mutual conductance.
Fig. 3 is that 4 tunnels used by the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements add
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass, reference current mirror structure, input signal is switched to electric current from voltage signal respectively by transistor M1, M2, M3 and M4, M5, M6
Signal, wherein the size of M2, M3, M5 and M6 are identical, therefore the electric current for flowing through M3, M6 is equal with the electric current of M2, M5.Pass through handle
4 road current signals, which are connected, sums, the voltage signal after finally being synthesized on load resistance.
Fig. 4 is that output used by the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements is slow
Device is rushed, which is the symmetrical structure of a two-stage double-input double-output, includes common-source amplifier and common-drain amplifier.Transistor M1,
M2 constitutes common-source amplifier and signal is further amplified, and transistor M3, M4, M5 constitute source follower, by rationally designing its width
Long ratio and bias voltage, realize the good wideband impedance match performance of circuit.
Fig. 5 is active true used by the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements
Time delay elements, using Gm-C active filter as true time delay elements, adjustability is good, can carry out high-precision delay, gain
Control, and maximum delay can be increased by modes such as cascades.Compared with passive delay unit, chip face is greatly reduced
Product, and delay fluctuation is small, the delay of acquisition is more steady.In addition, being arrived using active inductance peaking technique by adding resistance R2
Between the grid and drain electrode of M4, M4 is converted into one " active inductance ", effectively extends bandwidth.
Using HHNEC CMOS 0.18um technique, simulating, verifying is carried out to circuit using Cadence RF Spectre.
Fig. 6 is that the input and output of the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements are reflected
The simulation result of coefficient.It can thus be seen that in 0.3~1GHz frequency range, S11< -13.8dB, S22< -18dB shows this
Invention realizes good input and output matching in entire frequency band.
Fig. 7 is four inputs, one output of the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements
Overall gain simulation result.In 0.3~1GHz frequency range, gain is about 24dB, and gain fluctuation is no more than 3dB.Show this hair
Bright gain with higher and gain flatness height.
Fig. 8 is that each communication channel delay of the Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements is imitative
True result.In 0.3~1GHz frequency range, on output port 1 and 4, the delay inequality of adjacent beams be respectively 103ps and
309ps.Through simulating, verifying, delay fluctuation is only 2.5%.
The Direction Pattern Simulation knot of Fig. 9 Wideband Beam synthesis chip of the present invention based on active true time delay elements
Fruit.In the radiation diagram for the Beam synthesis chip that 606MHz and 980MHz is generated in MATLAB with emulation data.It can be seen that directionality
Well, and with the increase of working frequency, array directivity is more preferable.
Above embodiments are only to illustrate circuit structure of the invention, rather than its limitations.In addition, according to above-mentioned configuration
Illustrative embodiments can capable field technique personnel understanding and implementation；It can be to circuit structure documented by foregoing embodiments
It modifies, or part of circuit structure is equivalently replaced；And these are modified or replaceed, and do not make related circuit
The essence of structure is detached from the essential characteristic of technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention.The scope of the present invention should be solved according to claim
It releases.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of broadband beams synthesis chip based on active true time delay elements, including multiple low noise amplifier modules, multiple
True time delay elements, multiple adders and multiple output buffer modules, before low noise amplifier module is located at multi-beam matrix
End, noise is amplified and reduced to the signal from space, signal of the adder Module by each road by delay is carried out
Superposition, output buffer stage play impedance matching and buffer action, which is characterized in that generate precise delay using active filter circuit
And then realize adjacent antenna to output port constant delay it is poor, thus make up reception signal time difference, to coherent signal into
Row in-phase stacking.
2. chip according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use four antennas, the received spacing wave of first antenna according to
Secondary to pass through the first low noise amplifier module, first adder and the first buffer to the first output port, the second antenna receives
Spacing wave successively pass through the second low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, first adder and first buffering
For device to the first output port, it is true that the received spacing wave of third antenna successively passes through third low noise amplifier module, the 9th 1 τ
Time delay elements, the true time delay elements of the 10th τ, first adder and the first buffer to the first output port；4th antenna is received
Spacing wave successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 13rd τ, the true time delay elements of the 14th τ,
The true time delay elements of 15 τ, first adder and the first buffer are to the first output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively passes through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 1 τ, the 2nd 1
To second output terminal mouth, the second antenna is connect for the true time delay elements of τ, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 1 τ, second adder and the second buffer
The spacing wave of receipts successively passes through the second low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 1 τ,
To second output terminal mouth, the received spacing wave of third antenna, which successively passes through third low noise, to be put for two adders and the second buffer
To second output terminal mouth, the 4th antenna is received for big device module, the true time delay elements of the 9th 1 τ, second adder and the second buffer
Spacing wave successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, second adder and the second buffer to second output terminal mouth；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively passes through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 1 τ, the 2nd 1
The true time delay elements of τ, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 4th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the one 3 τ, the true time delay list of the 2nd 3 τ
Member, third adder, third buffer to third output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively pass through the second low noise
Acoustic amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 7th 1 τ, the 8th 1 true time delay of τ
Unit, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 3 τ, third adder, third buffer to third output port, the received space of third antenna
It is true that signal successively passes through third low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 9th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 10th τ, the 11st τ
Time delay elements, the true time delay elements of the 12nd τ, third adder, third buffer to third output port, the 4th antenna receive
Spacing wave successively pass through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 13rd τ, third adder, third buffering
Device is to third output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively passes through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 1 τ, the 4th
Adder, the 4th buffer to the 4th output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively pass through the second low noise amplification
Device module, the true time delay elements of the 5th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 7th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 8th 1 τ,
Four adders, the 4th buffer to the 4th output port, the received spacing wave of third antenna, which successively passes through third low noise, to be put
Big device module, the true time delay elements of the 9th 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 10th τ, the true time delay elements of the 11st τ, the 12nd true time delay of τ
Unit, the true time delay elements of the 4th 3 τ, the 4th adder, the 4th buffer to the 4th output port, the 4th received space of antenna
Signal successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 13rd τ, the true time delay elements of the 14th τ, the 15th
The true time delay elements of 1 τ, the true time delay elements of the 16th τ, the true time delay elements of the 5th 3 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 3 τ, the 4th adder,
4th buffer to the 4th output port.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111901027A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 天津大学 | Four-in four-out differential multiplexing beam forming network |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111901027A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 天津大学 | Four-in four-out differential multiplexing beam forming network |
| CN111901027B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-02-22 | 天津大学 | Four-in four-out differential multiplexing beam forming network |
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