CN109686494A - A kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction - Google Patents
A kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN109686494A CN109686494A CN201910092663.3A CN201910092663A CN109686494A CN 109686494 A CN109686494 A CN 109686494A CN 201910092663 A CN201910092663 A CN 201910092663A CN 109686494 A CN109686494 A CN 109686494A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/02—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of conductors of achievable room temperature superconduction, the conductor includes the same DC power supply positive output end of a connection, its own is made to have the conductor 1 of positive charge, the outer surface of conductor 1 coats a layer insulating 1, the outer surface of insulating layer 1 coats one layer of conductor 2, conductor 2 is used for transmission alternating current or DC current, the outer surface of conductor 2 coats a layer insulating 2, and the outer surface of insulating layer 2 coats one layer of conductor 3, and conductor 3 connects same DC power supply negative output terminal, makes its own with negative electrical charge.When conductor 1 connects DC power supply with conductor 3, conductor 2 is in DC electrostatic field, is an equipotentiality body because of the presence of electrostatic induction, inside conductor 2, and form conduction hole.Free conduction electrons flows on the equipotentiality body of conductor 2 does not consume any energy, thus can realize superconduction.Since DC power output voltage can be adjusted in real time, conductor 2 can be made when transmitting alternating current and DC current in best superconducting state.
Description
Technical field
In the conductor that transmission DC current or transmission alternating current can be eliminated under normal temperature state the present invention relates to one kind
D.C. resistance, and DC static field intensity at the conductor can be adjusted in real time according to the size for transmitting electric current in the conductor,
It is in the conductor moment most preferably without D.C. resistance state, i.e. realization superconduction belongs to field of power transmission.
Background technique
Currently, transmitting DC current or exchange during transmitting DC current or alternating current under normal temperature state
There is D.C. resistances in the conductor of electric current eliminates grinding for D.C. resistance so as to cause the electric energy loss during power transmission
Study carefully and be also in low-temperature condition, normal temperature state is related to not yet, realizes that without hindrance (superconduction) state of conductor, reality are answered under low-temperature condition
It is very high with cost, it is not easy to wide popularization and application.
It can be seen that under normal temperature state, the D.C. resistance eliminated in the conductor of transmission DC current or alternating current is
Urgent problem at present.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of conductors of achievable room temperature superconduction, and the conductor is in transmission DC current or friendship
During galvanic electricity stream, the D.C. resistance for hindering DC current or alternating current flowing in the conductor can be eliminated, thus can be eliminated
The conductor generated electric energy loss during transmitting DC current or alternating current.
To achieve the goals above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction, it is characterised in that: the conductor includes that a same output voltage of connection is adjustable
The DC power supply positive output end of section makes its own have the conductor 1 of positive charge, and the outer surface of conductor 1 coats a layer insulating 1,
The outer surface of insulating layer 1 coats one layer of conductor 2, and conductor 2 is used for transmission alternating current or DC current, the appearance bread of conductor 2
A layer insulating 2 is covered, the outer surface of insulating layer 2 coats one layer of conductor 3, and conductor 3 connects the adjustable direct current of same output voltage
Power supply negative output terminal makes its own with negative electrical charge, and conductor 1 insulating layer 1, is led in innermost layer, conductor 3 in outermost layer, conductor 1
Body 2, insulating layer 2 and conductor 3 are concentric；The conductor 1, conductor 3 are made by conductive material, and the conductor 2 is by good conductor material system
It forms；Insulating layer 1 is to prevent the positive charge in conductor 1 from entering conductor 2, and insulating layer 2 is to prevent the negative electrical charge in conductor 3
Into conductor 2, insulating layer 1 and insulating layer 2 are made by insulating materials.
Preferably, the conductor 1, the conductor 2, the conductor 3 are that the good conductor material being readily bent is made.
Preferably, the conductor 1, the conductor 2, the conductor 3 are that copper or aluminium material are made.
Preferably, conductor 1, insulating layer 1, conductor 2, insulating layer 2 and conductor 3 are closely contacted together between each other.
In design, the conductor 1 is that high-strength conductive material is made.Preferably, the conductor 1 is steel material
Material is made.
In actual design, the conductor 1, the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and the conductor 3
Cross section is circle；Alternatively, the conductor 1, the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and the conductor 3
Cross section is rectangle, and the broadside of the conductor 1, long side respectively with the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2
And the broadside of the conductor 3, long side are parallel；Alternatively, the conductor 1, the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and
The cross section of the conductor 3 is other same shapes, such as is ellipse etc..
Preferably, the outer surface of the conductor 3 coats a layer insulating 3.
In order to realize the purpose of room temperature superconducting conductor, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction, the conductor are long rectangular conductor, it is characterised in that: the conductor is multilayer material
Material is closely overrided to form, the generally long rectangle of the conductor, and the cross section of the conductor is rectangle, is not connected to mutually electrically between each layer,
The conductor includes the conductor layer 22 positioned at the conductor middle position, and the side of conductor layer 22 is insulating layer 11, conductor layer 22 it is another
Side is insulating layer 22, the other side of insulating layer 11 be the adjustable DC power supply positive output end of the same output voltage of a connection,
Its own is set to have the conductor layer 11 of positive charge, the other side of insulating layer 22 is the adjustable direct current of the same output voltage of a connection
Power supply negative output terminal makes its own have the conductor layer 33 of negative electrical charge, conductor layer 11, insulating layer 11, conductor layer 22, insulating layer 22
And conductor layer 33 closely overlaps together between each other, conductor layer 11, insulating layer 11, conductor layer 22, insulating layer 22 and conductor
Layer 33 is parallel relation between each other, and conductor layer 11, conductor layer 22, conductor layer 33 are electrically mutually not connected to or are not in contact with each other, insulation
Layer 11 and insulating layer 22 are mutually not connected to or are not in contact with each other, and the conductor layer 11, the conductor layer 33 are made by conductive material, this is led
Body layer 22 is made by good conductor material, and insulating layer 11 is to prevent the positive charge in conductor layer 11 from entering conductor layer 22, absolutely
Edge layer 22 is to prevent the negative electrical charge in conductor layer 33 from entering conductor layer 22, and insulating layer 11 and insulating layer 22 are by insulating materials system
It forms.
Preferably, the conductor layer 11, conductor layer 22, conductor layer 33 are that the good conductor material being readily bent is made.
Preferably, the conductor layer 11, the conductor layer 22, the conductor layer 33 be copper or aluminium material production and
At.
Preferably, conductor layer 11, insulating layer 11, conductor layer 22, insulating layer 22 and conductor layer 33 are closely folded between each other
It forces together, and each layer is parallel relationship between each other.
In design, the conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 are that high-strength conductive material is made.Preferably, described lead
Body layer 11 and conductor layer 33 are that steel material is made.
In actual design, the conductor layer 11, the insulating layer 11, the conductor layer 22, the insulating layer 22 and institute
The cross section for stating conductor layer 33 is rectangle.
In actual design, its cross section of the conductor is also rectangle.
Preferably, conductor outside surfaces coat a layer insulating 33.
A kind of positive and negative charge amount real-time regulation system, for adjust, control in real time the conductor 1 in the conductor (or
Conductor layer 11) in positive charge amount and conductor 3 (or conductor layer 33) in negative charge amount, it is characterised in that: the positive and negative charge
Amount real-time regulation system includes connecting with conductor 2 (either conductor layer 22), in real-time detection conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22)
The current sensor of the current strength passed through, the current sensor are connect via A/D converter with computer, computer warp
It is connect by the adjustable DC power supply positive output end of output voltage with conductor 1 (or conductor layer 11), the computer is via output
The adjustable DC power supply negative output terminal of voltage is connect with conductor 3 (or conductor layer 33), real-time to be based on by the computer
The current strength passed through in the conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22) detected, just to the adjustable DC power supply of the output voltage
The DC voltage value Uout of negative terminal output is adjusted in real time, to realize to the positive charge amount in conductor 1 (or conductor layer 11)
Number and negative charge amount in conductor 3 (or conductor layer 33) how much real-time adjustings and control.
The invention has the advantages that
1, when conductor of the present invention carries out DC current or alternating current transmits, because conductor 1 (or conductor layer 11) connects
The positive output end and conductor 3 (or conductor layer 33) of the same adjustable DC power supply of output voltage connect same output voltage can
The negative output terminal of the DC power supply of adjusting is in conductor 2 (perhaps conductor layer 22) in DC electrostatic field when conductor 2 (or is led
Body layer 22) be in state of electrostatic equilibrium when, be everywhere zero in the inside field strength E of conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22), conductor 2 (or
Person's conductor layer 22) inside arbitrarily take two o'clock a and b, the potential difference of this point-to-point transmission isI.e. when conductor 2
There is equipotentiality bodies inside it when (or conductor layer 22) is in state of electrostatic equilibrium[1][2][3][4][5][6](please refer to following ginseng
Examine document 1), when a certain number of free conduction electrons do displacement along the equipotentiality body, these free conduction electrons are not
Any energy is consumed, thus can realize that these the free conduction electrons for doing directed flow in conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22) are in
Without D.C. resistance state, i.e., superconduction is realized in conductor 2 (either conductor layer 22), is realized in conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22)
Alternating current or DC current are transmitted without any electric energy loss.Since the present invention can be adjusted in real time and control (or the conductor of conductor 1
Layer is 11) and the positive and negative charge amount in conductor 3 (perhaps conductor layer 33) is so can make conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22) of the present invention exist
In most preferably without D.C. resistance state when transmitting alternating current or DC current.
Bibliography 1:
[1] Chen Yingcong edits publishing house, College Physics [M] Beijing Institute of Technology, June the 1st edition in 2016, P234-235.
[2] Sun Yunqing, thunderstorm edit university physics (volume two) [M] Science Press, in January, 2017 second edition, P33.
[3] Liu Yongsheng, Zhu Chen edit publishing house, physics [M] Tsinghua University, November the 3rd edition in 2015, P147-148.
[4] Li Xin edits fundamental physics [M] China Medical Science Press, August the 3rd edition in 2015, P128-129.
[5] Yin Yong, Wu Tao edit university physics (first volume) [M] Science Press, November the 3rd edition in 2017, P192-
193。
[6] Huo Yuping edits the basis study course of modern physics (first volume) [M] Higher Education Publishing House, October the 1st in 2015
Version, P241-242.
2, when conductor of the present invention carries out DC current or alternating current transmits, because conductor 1 (or conductor layer 11) connects
The positive output end and conductor 3 (or conductor layer 33) of the same adjustable DC power supply of output voltage connect same output voltage can
The negative output terminal of the DC power supply of adjusting is in conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22) in DC electrostatic field, the same output voltage
Adjustable DC power supply is only responsible for establishing DC electrostatic field；Because of conductor 1 (either conductor layer 11) and conductor 3 (or conductor layer
33) in addition to being connect with the positive-negative output end of the adjustable DC power supply of same output voltage, then without any other electrical connection, because
This, which transmits DC current or alternating current in conductor 2 (or conductor layer 22)
When do not consume any electric energy.
3, conductor 1 (or conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33) of the present invention is that high-strength conductive material is made, and can be made
The end of conductor 1 (or conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33) is fixed on firm insulating bodies, to improve conductor of the present invention
Tensile strength.
4, the outer surface of conductor 3 coats the design and the long rectangular conductor entirety outer surface cladding of a layer insulating 3
The design of one layer insulating 33, so that conductor of the present invention connects between each other or with lean between each other close of other objects or directly
Touching is possibly realized, this brings great convenience to laying of the conductor of the present invention in power transmission lines, while also reducing electricity
The occupied space of power transmission line.
5, the positive and negative charge amount real-time regulation system of the present invention being arranged for conductor of the present invention can be adjusted and control conductor in real time
1 (either conductor layer 11) and positive and negative charge amount in conductor 3 (perhaps conductor layer 33) thus conductor of the present invention 2 can be made (or to lead
Body layer 22) transmit alternating current or when DC current in most preferably without D.C. resistance state, eliminate conductor of the present invention 2 (or
Conductor layer 22) itself electric energy loss, give full play to conductor 2 (perhaps conductor layer 22) transmission the function of current improve conductor 2 (or
Conductor layer 22) electric conductivity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention round conductor concrete application.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of round conductor in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of round conductor in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of round conductor in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is longitudinal partial cutaway view of conductor 2 in round conductor in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is that conductor 3 is applied with 3 schematic diagram of insulating layer in round conductor in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention rectangular conductor.
Fig. 8 is that conductor 3 is applied with 3 schematic diagram of insulating layer in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is Fig. 7 concrete application schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the long rectangular conductor of third embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that Figure 10 long rectangular conductor is applied with insulating layer 33.
Figure 13 is the cross-sectional view that Figure 10 long rectangular conductor is applied with insulating layer 33.
Figure 14 is Figure 10 concrete application schematic diagram.
Figure 15 is the composition schematic diagram of positive and negative charge amount real-time regulation system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
First embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the round conductor in figure is a kind of round conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction, the circle
Conductor generally strip, including the adjustable DC power supply positive output end of a same output voltage of connection, have its own
The conductor 1 of positive charge, the outer surface of conductor 1 coat a layer insulating 1, and the outer surface of insulating layer 1 coats one layer of conductor 2, conductor 2
It is used for transmission alternating current or DC current, the outer surface of conductor 2 coats a layer insulating 2, the outer surface cladding one of insulating layer 2
Layer conductor 3, conductor 3 connect the adjustable DC power supply negative output terminal of same output voltage, make its own with negative electrical charge, conductor
1 in innermost layer, and conductor 3 is in outermost layer, concentric (the as same axis of conductor 1, insulating layer 1, conductor 2, insulating layer 2 and conductor 3
The heart), conductor 1, insulating layer 1, conductor 2, insulating layer 2 and conductor 3 are between each other firmly against together, in which: the conductor 1 is somebody's turn to do
Conductor 3 is made for conductive material, which is made for good conductor material, prevents the positive charge in conductor 1 from entering and leads
Body 2 and prevent that the negative electrical charge in conductor 3 from entering the insulating layer 1 of conductor 2 and insulating layer 2 is made for insulating materials.
In actual design, the cross section of the conductor 1 of round conductor, conductor 2 and conductor 3 is circle in Fig. 1, accordingly
The cross section of ground, insulating layer 1 and insulating layer 2 is also circle, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the transversal of round conductor shown in Fig. 1
Face figure.
In Fig. 1, conductor 2 is used for transmission DC current or alternating current in round conductor, can be by one end of conductor 2 and its
Output one end of its conductor or connecting terminal or certain DC power supply or output one end connection of certain AC power source, conductor 2 it is another
One end connection load or other electrical equipments.In Fig. 1, entire round conductor is considered as a cylindricality electricity
Hold[7][8][9][10][11][12](please referring to following bibliography 2), conductor 1 connect the adjustable DC power supply of same output voltage
Positive output end, conductor 3 connects the negative output terminal of the adjustable DC power supply of same output voltage, and conductor 1 is positively charged, conductor
3 is negatively charged, and DC electrostatic field is formed between conductor 1 and conductor 3, and conductor 2 is in this DC electrostatic field, and conductor 2 leans on
Nearly 1 side of conductor induces negative electrical charge (or electronics), is indicated with "-", conductor 2 induces positive charge close to 3 side of conductor, with "+" table
Show, when conductor 2 is in state of electrostatic equilibrium, there is equipotentiality bodies inside conductor 2, as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is that circle is led in Fig. 1
The longitudinal sectional drawing of body.Since conductor 2 is in state of electrostatic equilibrium, 2 inside equipotentiality body of conductor is to lose certain amount by each
The atomic building (can accomplish the quantity for making each atom lose electronics by adjusting the Uout value in Fig. 1) of electronics, it is assumed that conductor
The summation that each atom loses electron amount in 2 inside equipotentiality bodies is M, as long as Uout value is invariable, M will be invariable,
And M can firmly be attracted the inner surface side (close to 1 outer surface side of conductor) in conductor 2 by the positive charge in conductor 1, and Fig. 4 is still
For the longitudinal sectional drawing of round conductor in Fig. 1, " o " in Fig. 4 represents each atom and loses " vacancy " left after electronics,
These " vacancy " have specific term, referred to as " hole " in semi-conductor industry (or microelectronics technology), and each " hole " is equal
Indicate 1 positive charge, the "+" in Fig. 3 indicates positive charge, and the "-" in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 indicates negative electrical charge (or electronics).When leading
Each of outside body 2 free conduction electrons along conductor 2 one end displacement to conductor 2 the other end when, because of free conduction
The property that electronics always has trend resistance small or the path of non-resistance is mobile, and " hole " in 2 inside equipotentiality body of conductor is lucky
Path or access are provided for each free conduction electrons for doing displacement, each of forms " hole " tool because losing electronics
There is " gravitation " that attracts the free conduction electrons outside conductor 2 (because the electronics in former " hole " is by the positive electricity in conductor 1
Lotus firmly attracts the inner surface side in conductor 2), so, when the concentration height of certain one end (such as end A) the free conduction electrons of conductor 2
When the other end (such as end B) of conductor 2, free conduction electrons can be via " hole " in 2 inside equipotentiality body of conductor from conductor 2
The end B of conductor 2 is arrived at the end A " movement ", this " movement " has specific term in semi-conductor industry (or microelectronics technology),
Referred to as orientation " diffusion " movement, each free conduction electrons are constantly moved to another from one " hole " according to a direction
" hole ", because orientation " diffusion " movement of this free conduction electrons is by losing the atom of electronics in equipotentiality body for electronics
Caused by attraction, therefore, orientation " diffusion " movement of free conduction electrons is not consume external energy, and Fig. 5 is in Fig. 1
The longitudinal partial cutaway view of conductor 2, Fig. 5 illustrate what free conduction electrons in conductor 2 was done along " hole " in equipotentiality body
It orienting " movement " (or orientation " diffusion " movement), the electronics in Fig. 5 is indicated with " ", so, it is each oriented in conductor 2
It is no D.C. resistance that the free conduction electrons of " movement ", which is moved to the end conductor 2-B from the end conductor 2-A along the equipotentiality body in conductor 2,
, i.e., conductor 2 can realize superconduction, because can easily set up DC electrostatic field in normal temperature environment, so being in direct current
Room temperature superconduction may be implemented in conductor 2 in electrostatic field.In Fig. 1, conductor 1 can be adjusted in real time according to the current strength in conductor 2
DC voltage Uout value between conductor 3 makes conductor 2 when transmitting DC current or alternating current in most preferably without direct current
Resistance state.
In actual design, conductor 1, conductor 2 and conductor 3 in Fig. 1 can be readily bent good conductor material production and
At so that round conductor of the invention can adapt to more irregular wiring environments suitable for the place being readily bent.
In actual design, the cross-sectional area size of conductor 2 can be according to size of current that conductor 2 passes through, the property of material
Etc. factors be calculated.
In actual design, insulating layer 1 and insulating layer 2 in Fig. 1 are that insulating materials (such as organic material or other non-good is led
Body material) it is made.The thickness of its insulating layer is mainly according to maximum Amplitude of DC voltage, the conductor between conductor 1 and conductor 3
In 2 by maximum current intensity and the maximum bend angle of entire conductor determine, the type of insulating materials, property, pressure resistance
The factors such as intensity also must be considered that.Under conditions of meeting the requirements, the thickness of insulating layer gets over Bao Yuehao.
In actual design, the cross-sectional area size of conductor 1 and conductor 3 will pass through according to conductor 2 in Fig. 1 current strength
Size is calculated, while also to consider the type and property of 3 material therefor of conductor 1 and conductor.
According to actual needs, the conductor 1 in Fig. 1 can be high-strength material, strong with the tension for enhancing round conductor of the present invention
Degree.For example, conductor 1 is made of steel material.When practical application, the end of high-intensitive conductor 1 can be fixed on firm exhausted
On edge object, so as to round conductor of the invention can be used on the space of large span or the environment of high-tensile in use.
In actual design, 3 outside of conductor in round conductor that can be shown in Fig. 1 closely coats a layer insulating 3,
The insulating layer 3 is made of insulating material (such as organic material or other poor conductor materials), which makes conductor 3 and outside
Insulation, to play a protective role to conductor 3 and other inside, as shown in Figure 6.The presence of insulating layer 3, to circle of the invention
Laying of the conductor in power transmission lines brings great convenience, the close or phase that multiple round conductors can lean between each other
Mutually contact, also make it possible that round conductor and other objects lean on close or directly contacts, this also makes diminution power transmission line
The occupied space in road is possibly realized.In Fig. 6, the stress levels of insulating layer 3 are executed according to national respective standard.
Bibliography 2:
[7] Liu Yongsheng Zhu Chen edits publishing house, physics [M] Tsinghua University, November the 3rd edition in 2015, P156.
[8] Sun Yunqing thunderstorm edit university physics (volume two) [M] Science Press, in January, 2017 second edition, P53.
[9] Li Xin edits fundamental physics [M] China Medical Science Press, August the 3rd edition in 2015, P139-140.
[10] Huo Yuping edits the basis study course of modern physics (first volume) [M] Higher Education Publishing House, October the 1st in 2015
Version, P249-250.
[11] Chen Lanli edit the study course of College Physics (volume two) [M] China Machine Press, 2 months 2015 the 1st edition,
P45。
[12] Yin Yong Wu Tao edits university physics (first volume) [M] Science Press, November the 3rd edition in 2017, P209.
Second embodiment.
As shown in fig. 7, it is a kind of rectangular conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction, the rectangular conductor generally strip is led
Body 1, insulating layer 1, conductor 2, insulating layer 2 and conductor 3 cross section be rectangle, and the broadside of conductor 1, long side respectively with insulation
Layer 1, conductor 2, insulating layer 2 and the broadside of conductor 3, long side are parallel.
Fig. 8 is that the outer surface of the conductor 3 in Fig. 7 coats a layer insulating 3, and insulating layer 3 can be by organic material or other non-
Good conductor material is made, and the effect of insulating layer 3 is protection conductor 3 and its inside, can make multiple rectangular conductors shown in Fig. 8
The close or direct contact mutually leaned on is possibly realized, and is brought convenience for the power transmission lines laying of rectangular conductor, and can make electricity
Occupied space is reduced in the laying of power transmission line.The stress levels of insulating layer 3 in Fig. 8 can also be executed according to national respective standard.
Fig. 9 is the embodiment of rectangular conductor shown in Fig. 7 in practical applications.Its conductor 1 of rectangular conductor shown in Fig. 9
It connects the adjustable DC power supply positive output end of same output voltage, make conductor 1 itself with positive charge, conductor 3 connects together
The adjustable DC power supply negative output terminal of one output voltage makes conductor 3 itself with negative electrical charge, in this way, in conductor 1 and conductor 3
Between also form DC electrostatic field, conductor 2 is in this DC electrostatic field, when conductor 2 is in electrostatic equilibrium, in conductor 2
Portion can also form equipotentiality body, and equipotentiality body is also by each atomic building for losing a certain number of electronics, i.e., inside conductor 2
In the presence of " hole ", the principle that conductor 2 forms " hole " is identical with first embodiment, and conductor 2 realizes the principle of superconduction also with first
Embodiment is identical, i.e. conductor 2 in Fig. 7 or Fig. 9 can realize superconduction.
In specific implementation, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 9 in addition to conductor shape has difference, the other embodiment in Fig. 9 is and Fig. 1
First embodiment is identical.
" conductor 1, the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and the conductor 3 cross section be it
Its same shape ", such as cross section are ellipse, and no matter which kind of shape its cross section is, conductor 2 forms the principle of superconduction
It is all the same with above-mentioned " first embodiment " and " second embodiment ", in specific implementation, in addition to shape has difference, other embodiment party
Formula is also identical with the first embodiment.
3rd embodiment.
As shown in Figure 10, it is a kind of long rectangular conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction of the invention, which is multilayer material
Material is closely overrided to form, and generally long rectangle, cross section is also rectangle, electrical mutual not connection between each layer, its packet of the conductor
The conductor layer 22 positioned at the conductor middle position is included, the side of conductor layer 22 is insulating layer 11, and the other side of conductor layer 22 is exhausted
Edge layer 22, the other side of insulating layer 11 are the adjustable DC power supply positive output ends of the same output voltage of a connection, make its own
Conductor layer 11 with positive charge, it is defeated that the other side of insulating layer 22 is that the adjustable DC power supply of the same output voltage of a connection is born
Outlet makes its own have the conductor layer 33 of negative electrical charge, conductor layer 11, insulating layer 11, conductor layer 22, insulating layer 22 and conductor layer
33 closely overlap together between each other, and conductor layer 11, insulating layer 11, conductor layer 22, insulating layer 22 and conductor layer 33 are mutual
Between be parallel relation, conductor layer 11, conductor layer 22, conductor layer 33 are electrically mutually not connected to or are not in contact with each other, insulating layer 11 and absolutely
Edge layer 22 is mutually not connected to or is not in contact with each other, in which: the conductor layer 11, the conductor layer 33 are made for conductive material, the conductor
Layer 22 is made for good conductor material, prevents the positive charge in conductor layer 11 from entering conductor layer 22 and preventing in conductor layer 33
Negative electrical charge enters the insulating layer 11 of conductor layer 22 and insulating layer 22 is made for insulating materials.
In actual design, conductor layer 11, conductor layer 22 and conductor layer 33 in Figure 10 can be the good conductor being readily bent
Material is made, as copper product or aluminum material make it so that long rectangular conductor of the invention is suitable for the place being readily bent
Adapt to more irregular wiring environments.
In actual design, insulating layer 11 and insulating layer 22 in Figure 10 are insulating materials (such as organic material or other non-
Good conductor material) it is made.The thickness of its insulating layer is mainly according to the maximum direct current between conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33
In Compressive Strength and conductor layer 22 by maximum current intensity determine, the factors such as type, property, compressive resistance of insulating materials
It also must be considered that.Under conditions of meeting the requirements, the thickness of insulating layer gets over Bao Yuehao.
Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view of long rectangular conductor shown in Fig. 10.
In actual design, the cross-sectional area size of conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 will pass through according to conductor layer 22 in Figure 10
Current strength size be calculated, while also to consider the type and property of 33 material therefor of conductor layer 11 and conductor layer.
According to actual needs, the conductor layer 11 in Figure 10 and conductor layer 33 can be high-strength material, and with enhancing, the present invention is long
The tensile strength of rectangular conductor.For example, conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 are made of steel material.It, can will be high-strength when practical application
The conductor layer 11 of degree and the end of conductor layer 33 are fixed on firm insulating bodies, so that long rectangular conductor of the invention can be
It is used in the spatially environment of use or high-tensile of large span.
In actual design, a layer insulating can be closely coated outside the entirety of long rectangular conductor shown in Fig. 10
33, wherein two ends of long rectangular conductor shown in Fig. 10 can not coat insulating layer 33, the insulating layer 33 is by insulating materials system
At (such as organic material or other poor conductor materials), which makes long rectangular conductor and exterior insulation shown in Fig. 10,
To play a protective role to the long rectangular conductor and its inside, as shown in figure 12.The presence of insulating layer 33 can make of the invention
Long rectangular conductor and other objects directly contact or lean on it is close be possibly realized, this is to long rectangular conductor of the invention in electric power
Laying in transmission line brings great convenience, the close or phase mutual connection that can also mutually lean between multiple long rectangular conductors
Touching, this also makes it possible to reduce the occupied space of power transmission lines.In Figure 12, the stress levels of insulating layer 33 according to
National respective standard executes.Figure 13 is the cross-sectional view of Figure 12 long rectangular conductor.
Figure 14 is the specific implementation application schematic diagram of long rectangular conductor shown in Fig. 10.In practical applications, same output
The positive output end of the adjustable DC power supply of voltage connects the conductor layer 11 in long rectangular conductor, and makes conductor layer 11 with positive electricity
The negative output terminal of lotus, the same adjustable DC power supply of output voltage connects the conductor layer 33 in long rectangular conductor, and makes conductor
Layer 33 has negative electrical charge, and conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 are considered as two pole plates of capacitor[13][14][15][16][17][18](it please join
Read following bibliography 3), DC electrostatic field can be formed between conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33, conductor layer 22 is in this
In electrostatic field, when conductor layer 22 is in state of electrostatic equilibrium, there is also equipotentiality body in conductor layer 22, in equipotentiality body there is also
" hole ", conductor layer 22 can also have corresponding orientation " diffusion " movement, conductor layer 22 specifically made to form the principle and first of superconduction
Embodiment is identical with second embodiment.When one end of the conductor layer 22 in long rectangular conductor, connection is used for transmission DC current sources
Or alternating current power supply one end when, the other end of conductor layer 22 can be used for connecting electrical equipment or load.It can be according to conductor layer
The current strength flowed through in 22 adjusts the output voltage values Uout of " the adjustable DC power supply of output voltage " in real time, such as Figure 14 institute
Show, so that conductor layer 22 is in superconducting state or most preferably without D.C. resistance state.
Bibliography 3:
[13] Liu Yongsheng Zhu Chen edits publishing house, physics [M] Tsinghua University, November the 3rd edition in 2015, P156.
[14] Sun Yunqing thunderstorm edit university physics (volume two) [M] Science Press, in January, 2017 second edition, P52.
[15] Li Xin edits fundamental physics [M] China Medical Science Press, August the 3rd edition in 2015, P138-
139。
[16] Huo Yuping edits the basis study course of modern physics (first volume) [M] Higher Education Publishing House, October the 1st in 2015
Version, P249.
[17] Chen Lanli edit the study course of College Physics (volume two) [M] China Machine Press, 2 months 2015 the 1st edition,
P44。
[18] Yin Yong Wu Tao edits university physics (first volume) [M] Science Press, November the 3rd edition in 2017, P208.
As shown in figure 15, for aforementioned present invention conductor, it is the invention also provides a kind of positive electricity load is adjusted in real time
System, for adjust, control in real time conductor 1 in Fig. 1 round conductor of the present invention and conductor 3 (or conductor 1 in Fig. 7 and conductor 3,
Or conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 in Figure 10) in positive and negative charge amount.As shown in figure 15, which is adjusted in real time is
System includes connecting with the conductor 2 of round conductor in Fig. 1 (or the conductor 2 in Fig. 7 or conductor layer 22 in Figure 10), for real-time
The current strength passed through in the conductor 2 (or the conductor 2 in Fig. 7 or conductor layer 22 in Figure 10) of round conductor in detection Fig. 1
Current sensor 51, which connect via A/D converter 52 with computer 53, and the computer 53 is via output
The adjustable DC power supply 54 of voltage respectively with the conductor 1 of round conductor in Fig. 1 and conductor 3 (or conductor 1 and conductor in Fig. 7
Conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 in 3 or Figure 10) connection, with by the computer 53 based on real-time detection to Fig. 1 in it is round
The current strength passed through in the conductor 2 (conductor 2 in Fig. 7 or the conductor layer 22 in Figure 10) of conductor, can to the output voltage
The DC voltage value Uout that the DC power supply 54 of adjusting exports is adjusted in real time, to realize the conductor 1 to round conductor in Fig. 1
It is how many with conductor 3 (or conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 in the conductor 1 and conductor 3 or Figure 10 in Fig. 7) interior positive and negative charge amount
It adjusts and controls in real time.
As shown in figure 15, in the signal input part and Fig. 1 of current sensor 51 round conductor (or the leading in Fig. 7 of conductor 2
Conductor layer 22 in body 2 or Figure 10) connection, and the input terminal of the signal output end of current sensor 51 and A/D converter 52 connects
It connects, the connection of the output end end I/O corresponding to computer 53 of A/D converter 52, the conductor 1 of round conductor is (or in Fig. 7 in Fig. 1
Conductor 2 or Figure 10 in conductor layer 11) connect with the positive output end of the adjustable DC power supply 54 of output voltage, in Fig. 1 circle
The conductor 3 (or the conductor 3 in Fig. 7 or conductor layer 33 in Figure 10) and the adjustable DC power supply 54 of output voltage of shape conductor
Negative output terminal connection, and the end signal input part I/O corresponding to computer 53 of the adjustable DC power supply 54 of output voltage
Connection.In addition, positive and negative charge amount real-time regulation system of the present invention is additionally provided with input/output module 55, communication module 56, display mould
Block 57, the input/output module 55, communication module 56, display module 57 corresponding signal end I/ corresponding to computer 53 respectively
The connection of the end O.
In the present invention, the adjustable DC power supply 54 of current sensor 51, A/D converter 52, output voltage, input are defeated
Module 55, communication module 56, display module 57 are technology known in the art out, therefore its specific composition is not described in detail herein.
As shown in figure 15, in 51 real-time detection Fig. 1 of current sensor round conductor conductor 2 (or conductor 2 in Fig. 7 or
Conductor layer 22 in Figure 10) in the current strength size that is passed through, the current strength that will test converts via A/D in real time
Device 52 sends computer 53 to after carrying out analog-to-digital conversion, and then computer 53 is based on circle in received current strength and Fig. 1
The cross of the conductor 1 and conductor 3 (or conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 in the conductor 1 and conductor 3 or Figure 10 in Fig. 7) of shape conductor
The parameters such as cross sectional shape and size are issued to the adjustable DC power supply 54 of output voltage for controlling its DC voltage exported
The control signal of value Uout, thus when the adjustable DC power supply 54 of output voltage receives the control signal of the sending of computer 53
Afterwards, the conductor 1 of round conductor in Fig. 1 and conductor 3 (or conductor layer 11 in the conductor 1 and conductor 3 or Figure 10 in Fig. 7 and are led
Body layer 33) output DC voltage value Uout of corresponding size, is realized to the conductor 1 and conductor 3 of round conductor in Fig. 1 (or in Fig. 7
Conductor 1 and conductor 3 or Figure 10 in conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33) in the how many adjusting of positive and negative charge amount, lead the present invention
Body realizes that the conductor 2 (or the conductor 2 in Fig. 7 or conductor layer 22 in Figure 10) of round conductor in Fig. 1 is in most preferably without direct current
Resistance state, i.e. superconducting state give full play to conductor 2 in Fig. 1 (or the conductor 2 in Fig. 7 or conductor layer 22 in Figure 10) effect,
Improve the purpose of its electric conductivity.
The above is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and its technical principle used, for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any equivalent change based on the basis of technical solution of the present invention
Change, simple replacement etc. is obvious changes, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction, it is characterised in that: the conductor includes that a same output voltage of connection is adjustable
DC power supply positive output end, so that its own is had conductor 1 of positive charge, the outer surface of conductor 1 coats a layer insulating 1, absolutely
The outer surface of edge layer 1 coats one layer of conductor 2, and conductor 2 is used for transmission alternating current or DC current, the outer surface cladding of conductor 2
The outer surface of one layer insulating 2, insulating layer 2 coats one layer of conductor 3, and conductor 3 connects the adjustable direct current of same output voltage
Source negative output terminal makes its own with negative electrical charge, and conductor 1 is in innermost layer, and conductor 3 is in outermost layer, conductor 1, insulating layer 1, conductor
2, insulating layer 2 and conductor 3 are concentric；The conductor 1, conductor 3 are made by conductive material, which is made by good conductor material
It forms；Insulating layer 1 to prevent the positive charge in conductor 1 from entering conductor 2, insulating layer 2 to prevent the negative electrical charge in conductor 3 into
Enter conductor 2, insulating layer 1 and insulating layer 2 are made by insulating materials.
2. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conductor 1 described is led
Body 2, the conductor 3 are that the good conductor material being readily bent is made.
3. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conductor 1 described is led
Body 2, the conductor 3 are that copper or aluminium material are made.
4. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: conductor 1, is led at insulating layer 1
Body 2, insulating layer 2 and conductor 3 are closely contacted together between each other.
5. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to lead in design
Body 1 is that high-strength conductive material is made；The conductor 1 is that steel material is made.
6. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in actual design, institute
The cross section for stating conductor 1, the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and the conductor 3 is circle；Alternatively, institute
The cross section for stating conductor 1, the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and the conductor 3 is rectangle, and described is led
The broadside of body 1, long side are flat with the broadside of the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and the conductor 3, long side respectively
Row；Alternatively, the conductor 1, the insulating layer 1, the conductor 2, the insulating layer 2 and the conductor 3 cross section be ellipse
It is round.
7. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the appearance of the conductor 3
Bread covers a layer insulating 3.
8. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction, it is characterised in that: the conductor is long rectangular conductor, which is multilayer material
It is closely overrided to form, the generally long rectangle of the conductor, the cross section of the conductor is rectangle, is not connected to mutually electrically between each layer, should
Conductor includes the conductor layer 22 positioned at the conductor middle position, and the side of conductor layer 22 is insulating layer 11, conductor layer 22 it is another
Side is insulating layer 22, and the other side of insulating layer 11 is the adjustable DC power supply positive output end of the same output voltage of a connection, makes
Its own has the conductor layer 11 of positive charge, and the other side of insulating layer 22 is the adjustable direct current of the same output voltage of a connection
Source negative output terminal makes its own have the conductor layer 33 of negative electrical charge, and conductor layer 11, conductor layer 22, conductor layer 33 do not connect mutually electrically
It connects or is not in contact with each other, insulating layer 11 and insulating layer 22 are mutually not connected to or are not in contact with each other, and the conductor layer 11, the conductor layer 33 are by conduction
Material is made, which is made by good conductor material, and insulating layer 11 is to prevent the positive electricity in conductor layer 11
Lotus enters conductor layer 22, and insulating layer 22 is to prevent the negative electrical charge in conductor layer 33 from entering conductor layer 22, insulating layer 11 and insulation
Layer 22 is made by insulating materials.
9. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the conductor layer 11 is led
Body layer 22, conductor layer 33 are that the good conductor material being readily bent is made.
10. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the conductor layer 11, institute
State conductor layer 22, the conductor layer 33 is that copper or aluminium material are made.
11. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: conductor layer 11, insulating layer
11, conductor layer 22, insulating layer 22 and conductor layer 33 closely overlap together between each other, and each layer is parallel between each other
Relationship.
12. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described to lead in design
Body layer 11 and conductor layer 33 are that high-strength conductive material is made；The conductor layer 11 and conductor layer 33 are steel material system
It forms；The conductor layer 11, the insulating layer 11, the conductor layer 22, the insulating layer 22 and the conductor layer 33 cross
Section is rectangle.
13. a kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: its cross of the conductor
Section is also rectangle；Conductor outside surfaces coat a layer insulating 33.
14. a kind of positive and negative charge amount real-time regulation system carried out using conductor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: this is
For system for adjusting, controlling the negative charge amount in the positive charge amount and conductor 3 in the conductor 1 in the conductor in real time, this is positive and negative
Quantity of electric charge real-time regulation system include connect with conductor 2, the electric current of current strength for being passed through in real-time detection conductor 2 passes
Sensor, the current sensor are connect via A/D converter with computer, and the computer is via the adjustable direct current of output voltage
Source positive output end is connect with conductor 1, which connects via the adjustable DC power supply negative output terminal of output voltage and conductor 3
Connect, with by the computer based on real-time detection to conductor 2 in the current strength that is passed through, it is adjustable to the output voltage
The DC voltage value Uout of DC power supply positive and negative terminal output is adjusted in real time, to realize to the more of the positive charge amount in conductor 1
How much real-time adjustings of negative charge amount few and in conductor 3 with control.
15. a kind of positive and negative charge amount real-time regulation system carried out using conductor described in claim 8, it is characterised in that: this is
The negative charge amount in the positive charge amount and conductor layer 33 in conductor layer 11 in the system conductor described for adjusting in real time, control,
The positive and negative charge amount real-time regulation system includes the electric current connecting with conductor layer 22, for being passed through in real-time detection conductor layer 22
The current sensor of intensity, the current sensor are connect via A/D converter with computer, which can via output voltage
The DC power supply positive output end of adjusting is connect with conductor layer 11, which bears defeated via the adjustable DC power supply of output voltage
Outlet is connect with conductor layer 33, with by the computer based on real-time detection to conductor layer 22 in the current strength that is passed through,
The DC voltage value Uout of the output voltage adjustable DC power supply positive and negative terminal output is adjusted in real time, to realize to leading
Positive charge amount in body layer 11 number and negative charge amount in conductor layer 33 how much real-time adjustings and control.
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| CN201910092663.3A CN109686494A (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | A kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction |
| PCT/CN2020/071726 WO2020156122A1 (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2020-01-13 | Conductor capable of achieving superconductivity at room temperature |
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| WO2020156122A1 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | 张念鲁 | Conductor capable of achieving superconductivity at room temperature |
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| CN104021872A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-09-03 | 北京联合大学 | Conductor capable of reducing AC resistance and positive charge quantity real-time regulating system provided for conductor in matched mode |
| US9552906B1 (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-01-24 | General Electric Company | Current lead for cryogenic apparatus |
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| CN1368740A (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-09-11 | 刘克良 | Electric field type ordinary-temp metallic superconductor |
| KR101028817B1 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2011-04-12 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Bifilar Winding Type High Temperature Superconducting Fault Current Limiter |
| CN201877556U (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-22 | 巢冬菊 | Coaxial radio-frequency cable |
| CN105513686A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 苏州路之遥科技股份有限公司 | Anti-interference three-layer flat shielding cable |
| CN109686494A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-26 | 张念鲁 | A kind of conductor of achievable room temperature superconduction |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104021872A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-09-03 | 北京联合大学 | Conductor capable of reducing AC resistance and positive charge quantity real-time regulating system provided for conductor in matched mode |
| US9552906B1 (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-01-24 | General Electric Company | Current lead for cryogenic apparatus |
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| 李华等: "超导材料", 《湖南冶金》 * |
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| WO2020156122A1 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | 张念鲁 | Conductor capable of achieving superconductivity at room temperature |
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