CN109683146B - Phased array transmission calibration method based on orthogonal coding waveform - Google Patents
Phased array transmission calibration method based on orthogonal coding waveform Download PDFInfo
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- CN109683146B CN109683146B CN201811579142.2A CN201811579142A CN109683146B CN 109683146 B CN109683146 B CN 109683146B CN 201811579142 A CN201811579142 A CN 201811579142A CN 109683146 B CN109683146 B CN 109683146B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
Abstract
The invention provides a phased array transmission calibration method based on orthogonal coding waveforms, which comprises the steps of building a calibration tower, placing an auxiliary antenna and a signal receiving and transmitting system on the calibration tower, generating N mutually orthogonal transmission waveforms by utilizing orthogonal coding, synthesizing transmission beams in space after amplifying transmission signals of all channels, receiving the transmission signals by the auxiliary antenna, transmitting the transmission signals to the signal receiving and transmitting system, and realizing final array surface transmission calibration according to obtained amplitude and phase value parameters of all the channels. The invention realizes the simultaneous calibration of all transmitting channels of the all-digital active phased-array antenna by transmitting a plurality of groups of orthogonal coding waveforms which are orthogonal with each other, simplifies the calibration flow and shortens the time of system calibration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a calibration method, which is mainly used for simultaneously calibrating a plurality of transmitting channels of a full-digital active phased array radar.
Background
The calibration of the antenna is very important for an engineered solid-state active phased array, and can be used for periodically checking the working states of the active antenna and a T/R component and evaluating the performance of the active antenna. The purpose of monitoring is to measure the active device and compare with the expected result to judge whether the active channel is good or bad; the aim of calibration is to make the test result continuously approximate the design original intention of the antenna through closed-loop control.
At present, the calibration of a plurality of receiving channels of a full-digital active phased array mainly comprises the steps of emitting parallel waves under the far-field condition through an external radiation source, simultaneously receiving the parallel waves by all the receiving channels, obtaining the amplitude and phase values of all the channels through low-noise amplification, frequency conversion, AD sampling and digital processing, and realizing the amplitude and phase calibration of other channels by taking any channel as a reference.
In the transmitting state of the all-digital active phased array, transmitting signals of all channels are synthesized in space, and a receiving antenna in a far field condition cannot separate signals of all channels from received echo signals, so that the all-digital active phased array can be calibrated only in a single-channel calibration mode in the far field condition, namely, the amplitude-phase state of each transmitting channel is tested by controlling the working states of all components forming the all-digital active phased array, and then the calibration of the transmitting channel of the whole array surface is finally realized by taking any channel as a reference. Such a transmission calibration method causes a great waste of time resources and processing resources, and a new transmission calibration method is needed to improve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a phased array emission calibration method based on orthogonal coding waveforms, which is mainly used for simultaneously calibrating a plurality of emission channels of a full-digital active phased array radar.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
(1) The calibration tower is built, an auxiliary antenna and a signal receiving and transmitting system are placed on the calibration tower, the positions of the phased array antenna to be tested and the auxiliary antenna meet the far field radiation condition of the antenna, and the phased array antenna to be tested and the auxiliary antenna work in the same frequency band;
(2) Generating N mutually orthogonal transmitting waveforms by utilizing orthogonal codes, and transmitting the N mutually orthogonal transmitting waveforms through N channels corresponding to the phased array antenna to be detected respectively; the orthogonal coding waveforms of all channels have fuzzy functions of a graph nail shape;
(3) The transmitting signals of all channels are amplified and then synthesized into transmitting beams in space;
(4) The auxiliary antenna receives the transmitting signal, transmits the transmitting signal to a signal receiving and transmitting system, performs parallel de-spreading processing for N times by using corresponding orthogonal codes to form N groups of echo signals, and performs AD sampling on the N groups of echo signals simultaneously to obtain amplitude-phase parameters of all channels simultaneously;
(5) And realizing final array surface emission calibration according to the obtained amplitude and phase value parameters of all the channels.
In the step (5), the received/transmitted signal of the (i, k) th array element is assumed to be
Wherein, Δ a ik 、Δφ ik Respectively the amplitude-phase inconsistency parameters of the (i, k) th array element; to correct the amplitude-phase inconsistency parameters, they are multiplied by corresponding correction factors,
the ith correction channel test sampling signal is z i ＝I i +jQ i Correction system
The beneficial effects of the invention are: by adopting the method for transmitting a plurality of groups of orthogonal coding waveforms which are orthogonal to each other, the simultaneous calibration of all transmitting channels of the all-digital active phased-array antenna is realized, the calibration flow is simplified, and the system calibration time is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a phased array antenna to be measured, a transmission signal control system connected to the phased array antenna, a calibration tower having a far field condition built according to a position of the phased array antenna, an auxiliary antenna placed on the calibration tower, and a signal transceiving system. The phased array antenna, the calibration tower and the auxiliary antenna placed on the calibration tower need to meet far-field radiation conditions of the antennas, and the two antennas need to work in the same frequency band; the transmitting signal control system is self-contained in the phased array radar and has the function of receiving an external control signal to control the transmitting signal of the phased array antenna in real time; the signal transceiving system mainly comprises the following functions: and providing a control signal for a transmitting signal control system of the phased array radar, converting the microwave signal received by the auxiliary antenna into amplitude values of each channel during receiving, and realizing final array surface transmitting calibration according to the amplitude values.
An embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the transmission signal control system controls N channels of the transmission all-digital active phased-array antenna to generate N mutually-orthogonal transmission waveforms by utilizing orthogonal codes (the transmission signals are subjected to N mutually-orthogonal groups of orthogonal codes for spread spectrum processing, and the orthogonal code waveforms of all the channels have a pin-shaped fuzzy function);
the transmitting signals of all channels are amplified and then synthesized into transmitting beams in space;
the auxiliary antenna receives the transmitting signal of the full-digital active phased array antenna and transmits the transmitting signal to the signal receiving and transmitting system, the signal receiving and transmitting system carries out despreading processing on the echo signals for N times by using corresponding orthogonal codes to form N groups of echo signals, the N groups of echo signals are simultaneously subjected to AD sampling and preprocessing, and finally, amplitude and phase parameters of all channels are obtained simultaneously
And realizing final array surface emission calibration according to the obtained amplitude and phase value parameters of all the channels.
Assume that the received/transmitted signal of the (i, k) th array element is
Wherein, Δ a ik 、Δφ ik Respectively are amplitude-phase inconsistency parameters of the (i, k) th array element; to correct the amplitude-phase inconsistency parameters, they are multiplied by corresponding correction factors,
the test sampling signal of the ith correction channel is zi = Ii + jQi, and the correction system
Claims (1)
1. A phased array transmission calibration method based on orthogonal coding waveforms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) The calibration tower is built, an auxiliary antenna and a signal receiving and transmitting system are placed on the calibration tower, the positions of the phased array antenna to be tested and the auxiliary antenna meet the far field radiation condition of the antenna, and the phased array antenna to be tested and the auxiliary antenna work in the same frequency band;
(2) Generating N mutually orthogonal transmitting waveforms by utilizing orthogonal codes, and transmitting the N mutually orthogonal transmitting waveforms through N channels corresponding to the phased array antenna to be detected respectively; the orthogonal coding waveforms of all channels have fuzzy functions in a pin shape;
(3) The transmitting signals of all channels are amplified and then synthesized into transmitting beams in space;
(4) The auxiliary antenna receives the transmitting signal, transmits the transmitting signal to a signal receiving and transmitting system, performs parallel de-spreading processing for N times by using corresponding orthogonal codes to form N groups of echo signals, and performs AD sampling on the N groups of echo signals simultaneously to obtain amplitude-phase parameters of all channels simultaneously;
(5) According to the obtained amplitude and phase value parameters of all the channels, the final array surface emission calibration is realized;
assume that the received/transmitted signal of the (i, k) th array element is
Wherein, Δ a ik 、Δφ ik Respectively the amplitude-phase inconsistency parameters of the (i, k) th array element; to correct the amplitude-phase inconsistency parameter, it is multiplied by the corresponding correction factor,
the ith correction channel test sampling signal is z i ＝I i +jQ i Correction system
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| CN110261830B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2022-03-11 | 南京国睿安泰信科技股份有限公司 | Performance calibrator for radar echo simulator |
| CN111431636B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Online calibration method for large phased array antenna |
| CN116711271A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2023-09-05 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Wireless communication method, terminal equipment and network equipment |
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| CN104360328B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-11-30 | 西安电子工程研究所 | A kind of phased-array radar transmission channel far field calibration steps and system |
| CN104360329B (en) * | 2014-11-15 | 2017-02-01 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | Intensity calibrating method of all-digital array phased-array weather radar |
| CN104506253A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-08 | 重庆大学 | Amplitude phase error correction system and method for transmitting channel of phased-array antenna |
| CN105353229B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-06-15 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of phased array amplitude phase error Near-Field Calibration Method based on one-dimensional rotation |
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| CN107329125B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-09-22 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Self-closing loop calibration method for eliminating short-time burst interference signal |
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