CN109682741B - Consolidation penetration test device and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Consolidation penetration test device and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682741B CN109682741B CN201910111873.2A CN201910111873A CN109682741B CN 109682741 B CN109682741 B CN 109682741B CN 201910111873 A CN201910111873 A CN 201910111873A CN 109682741 B CN109682741 B CN 109682741B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a consolidation penetration test device and an operation method thereof, and belongs to the field of geotechnical tests. The device mainly comprises a permeation consolidation instrument, a pressure sensor, a dial indicator, a loading device, an injection pump, a pore pressure sensor and a computer. The infiltration consolidation apparatus consists of a base, a sleeve, a sealing rubber ring, an upper cover and a cylinder piston, and is used for pressurizing and consolidating soil samples through a loading device; after the soil sample is solidified, the loading is kept constant, the soil sample is subjected to a penetration test, the water pressure is measured through a pore pressure sensor, and the stable water pressure is provided through a computer-regulated injection pump. The device realizes automatic measurement of data in the test process, reduces the friction force in the device by means of the cylinder piston, directly carries out a penetration test after consolidation is completed, avoids soil sample disturbance again, and is convenient to operate and good in test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical test research, in particular to a consolidation penetration test device and an operation method thereof.
Background
When the foundation engineering is performed in a saturated cohesive soil area, larger settlement often occurs to the foundation or the roadbed. In order to study and control settlement of a foundation or a roadbed, consolidation characteristics and permeability characteristics of foundation soil or roadbed soil in a saturated cohesive soil region need to be studied. The traditional method is to use a consolidation tester to conduct consolidation test, study the consolidation characteristic of soil, use a penetrometer to conduct penetration test to study the penetration characteristic of soil, but the conventional penetration test cannot reflect the penetration of soil samples under different consolidation pressures, but the penetration of the soil samples under different consolidation pressures is different, the consolidation test and the penetration test are independently conducted, the used soil samples are not identical, the same structure of the two soil samples is not easy to ensure, finally, the test result still has larger error with the actual situation, the existing consolidation test and penetration test are often manually read, and larger reading error is inevitably generated, so that the improvement of the existing device is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects and problems in the prior art and provides a consolidation penetration test device and an operation method thereof.
The invention provides a consolidation penetration test device, which mainly comprises a penetration consolidation instrument, a pressure sensor, a dial indicator, a loading device, a suction filtration bottle, a balance, an injection pump, a water collecting bottle, a pore pressure sensor and a computer; the infiltration consolidation apparatus consists of a base, a sleeve, an upper sealing rubber ring, a lower sealing rubber ring, an upper cover and a cylinder piston; the middle of the base is convex, the diameter of the convex part is equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve, a sealing rubber ring fixing groove, two screw holes and two screw holes are sequentially formed in the periphery of the base, the screw holes and the screw holes are all internal screw holes, and the base is provided with a water inlet; the cylinder piston mainly comprises a dowel bar, a cylinder, a sealing rubber sleeve and a cylinder base; the lower part of the sleeve is provided with a skirt edge, and the skirt edge is provided with screw holes; the upper cover is provided with an exhaust hole, a drain hole, a sealing rubber ring fixing groove and a screw hole; the inside of the sleeve is sequentially provided with a lower permeable stone, a lower filter paper, a soil sample, an upper filter paper, an upper permeable stone and a sample cap from bottom to top; the sample cap is provided with a pressure-bearing groove and a water-permeable hole; the bottom of the dowel bar is connected with a pressure sensor, and the bottom of the pressure sensor is matched with the pressure-bearing groove; the upper end of the water collecting bottle is flush with the upper end of the sleeve after installation; the injection pump is of a piston pushing type, the injection pump is connected with a water inlet hole on the base through an injection tube, and two branch tubes are separated from the injection tube and are respectively connected with a hole pressure sensor and a water collecting bottle; the injection pump, the pore pressure sensor, the balance and the dial indicator are respectively connected with the computer through an injection pump data line, a pore pressure data line, a water quantity data line and a displacement data line, and the pressure sensor is connected with the matched pressure measuring instrument through a pressure data line; the loading device consists of a supporting rod fixed on the pedestal, a lever hinged with the supporting rod and a weight tray; the operation method comprises the following operation steps:
step 1, preparing 1 cutting ring, coating a layer of vaseline on the inner surface, and taking a soil sample from the remolded soil block by using the cutting ring;
step 2, putting the soil sample with the cutting ring into a vacuum cylinder, coating a thin layer of vaseline between the vacuum cylinder and a cover of the vacuum cylinder, tightly covering, pumping the vacuum cylinder by using an air pump to enable the reading of a pressure gauge to approach to one atmosphere, continuously pumping air for 1 hour, slowly injecting water through a water injection pipe on the vacuum cylinder, completely soaking the soil sample, closing the air pump, keeping the pressure in the cylinder stable, and standing for 10 hours;
step 3, placing a pedestal on a flat test table, placing a base on the pedestal, coating vaseline on the inner wall of the sleeve, respectively placing an upper rubber sealing ring and a lower rubber sealing ring in an upper fixing groove and a lower fixing groove of the sleeve, penetrating screw holes of the sleeve by using screws, connecting the screw holes of the base, and then screwing to ensure that the base is tightly connected with the sleeve; sequentially placing lower permeable stone and lower filter paper at the bottom of the sleeve, closing a valve on the injection tube and a valve on the water pipe of the connecting hole pressure sensor, and filling distilled water into the sleeve through an upper opening of the sleeve;
step 4: opening a valve connected with the pore pressure sensor on the water pipe, and installing the pore pressure sensor after water continuously emerges from the top of the water pipe;
step 5: filling water into the sleeve through the sleeve opening, opening a valve on the injection tube and a valve on the water filling tube, discharging air in the tube, closing the valve on the water filling tube, filling water into the water collecting bottle, aligning a ring cutter with a soil sample to the upper opening of the sleeve, pushing the soil sample into the sleeve, and sequentially placing upper filter paper, upper permeable stone and a sample cap on the upper surface of the soil sample;
step 6, screwing a cylinder piston with a sealing rubber sleeve inside into a cylinder base, placing an upper cover on a sleeve after screwing, enabling a screw rod to pass through a screw rod hole of the upper cover, screwing a screw cap, connecting a drain hole to a suction filtration bottle by using a water guide pipe, and placing the suction filtration bottle on a balance;
step 7: inserting a dowel bar with the lower end connected with a pressure sensor into a cylinder piston, and installing a dial indicator;
step 8: adjusting weights in the weight tray to enable the numerical value on the tester of the pressure sensor to reach a test set value;
step 9: when the reading of the pore pressure sensor is smaller than 5% of the initial value of the pore pressure, the soil sample is considered to be solidified, and a change curve of the pore pressure and the vertical deformation of the soil sample along with time is obtained;
step 10: injecting water into the sleeve through an exhaust pipe connected with the exhaust hole until water continuously flows into the suction filter bottle, closing a valve on the exhaust pipe, closing a valve on the water supplementing pipe, opening a switch of the injection pump, starting water injection, and comparing the read hole pressure with a set value by a computer, and adjusting the injection pump to enable the water pressure in the injection pipe to be the set value;
step 11: when water flows into the suction bottle from the water guide pipe to start reading, the change amount of the water in the suction bottle is recorded every 1 hour, the osmotic coefficient under the osmotic pressure is calculated, and after the calculated osmotic coefficient value is stable, the osmotic test is finished.
Preferably, the dowel bar has smooth surface, the cylinder base and the upper cover are integrated, the cylinder and the cylinder base are connected through threads, the surface of the joint is coated with a sealing material, and the sealing rubber sleeve is tightly contacted with the outer surface of the dowel bar and the inner surface of the cylinder, so that the dowel bar is watertight.
Preferably, the pressure sensor is waterproof and is calibrated in cooperation with a pressure measuring instrument.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the upper permeable stone, the lower permeable stone and the sample cap is 0.02 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve.
Preferably, the lower end of the pore pressure sensor is flush with the lower end of the soil sample.
Preferably, in the operation method of the consolidation penetration test device, in the implementation process of step 11, after one stroke of the injection pump is finished, the valve on the injection pipe is closed, the valve on the water supplementing pipe is opened, the piston of the injection pump returns to supplement water for the injection pump, the valve on the water supplementing pipe is closed again, the valve on the injection pipe is opened, and the penetration test is continued.
Preferably, the base, the sleeve, the upper cover, the cylinder and the dowel bar are all made of stainless steel, and the sample cap is made of organic glass.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: by adopting the test device and the operation method thereof, the consolidation characteristics and the permeability coefficient of the same soil sample under different consolidation pressures can be measured; the consolidation pressure acting on the soil sample is obtained through the pressure sensor, so that the influence of friction force is discharged, and the test result is more accurate; suitable for samples with different heights from 10 mm to 50 mm; in the test process, a computer is used for collecting test data in real time, so that larger errors caused by manual reading are avoided, and the test data are accurate and reliable; the injection pump is controlled by a computer, so that the water pressure in the injection tube is a set value, and the constant osmotic pressure is automatically realized; the device is convenient to operate, and the test process is simple, quick and efficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cap.
Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sleeve.
Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the base.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sample cap.
The marks in the figure are as follows: 1-a pedestal; 2-a base; 3-screws; 4-upper sealing rubber rings; 4 a-lower sealing rubber ring; 5-coating water permeable stone; 5 a-a lower permeable stone; 6-applying filter paper; 6 a-lower filter paper; 7-soil sample; 8-sample cap; 9-a pressure sensor; 10-water permeable holes; 11-an upper cover; 12-exhaust holes; 13-valve a;13 a-valve B;13 b-valve C;13 c-valve D; 14-water inlet holes; 15-a screw; 16-sleeve; 17-nut; 18-a drain hole; 19-sealing a rubber sleeve; 20-cylinder piston; 21-a baffle; 22-dial indicator fixing frame; 23-percent meter; 24-supporting rods; 25-rubber plugs; 26-weight tray; 27-a dowel bar; 28-connecting hinges; 29-lever; 30-a balance; 31-a suction filtration bottle; 32-a syringe pump; 33-a water supplementing pipe; 34-pore pressure sensor; 35-a water collecting bottle; 36-syringe pump data line; 36 a-pore pressure data line; 36 b-water volume data line; 36 c-a displacement data line; 36 d-pressure data line; 37-computer; 38-an upper cover rubber seal ring fixing groove; 38 a-upper fixing groove; 38 b-a lower fixing groove; 38 c-a base rubber seal ring fixing groove; 39-upper cap screw hole; 39 a-base screw hole; 40-a pressure-bearing groove; 41-cylinder base; 42-sleeve screw holes; 42 a-a base screw hole; 43-cylinder; 44-syringe; 45-pressure gauge.
Detailed Description
The following is a specific embodiment of the present invention patent, and the technical solution of the present invention patent is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention patent is not limited to this embodiment.
Example 1
This example exemplifies the consolidation penetration test of a saturated remolded cohesive soil sample having a diameter of 61.8 mm and a height of 40 mm. The device mainly comprises a permeation consolidation apparatus, a pressure sensor 9, a dial indicator 23, a loading device, a suction filtration bottle 31, a balance 30, an injection pump 32, a water collection bottle 35, a pore pressure sensor 34 and a computer 37; the infiltration consolidation apparatus consists of a base 2, a sleeve 16, an upper sealing rubber ring 4, a lower sealing rubber ring 4a, an upper cover 11 and a cylinder piston 20; the middle of the base 2 is convex, the diameter of the convex part is equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve 16, a sealing rubber ring fixing groove 38c, two screw holes 42a and two screw holes 39a are sequentially formed in the periphery of the base 2, the screw holes 42a and the screw holes 39a are all internal threaded holes, and the base 2 is provided with a water inlet hole 14; the cylinder piston 20 mainly comprises a dowel bar 27, a cylinder 43, a sealing rubber sleeve 19 and a cylinder base 41; the lower part of the sleeve 16 is provided with a skirt edge, and the skirt edge is provided with screw holes 42; the upper cover 11 is provided with an exhaust hole 12, a drain hole 18, an upper cover rubber seal ring fixing groove 38 and a screw hole 39; the sleeve 16 is internally provided with a lower permeable stone 5a, a lower filter paper 6a, a soil sample 7, an upper filter paper 6, an upper permeable stone 5 and a sample cap 8 from bottom to top in sequence; the sample cap 8 is provided with a pressure-bearing groove 40 and a water-permeable hole 10; the bottom of the dowel bar 27 is connected with a pressure sensor 9, and the bottom of the pressure sensor 9 is matched with the pressure-bearing groove 40; the upper end of the water collecting bottle 35 is flush with the upper end of the sleeve 16 after being installed; the injection pump 32 is of a piston pushing type, the injection pump 32 is connected with the water inlet 14 on the base through an injection tube 44, and two branch tubes are separated from the injection tube 44 and are respectively connected with the hole pressure sensor 34 and the water collecting bottle 35; the injection pump 32, the pore pressure sensor 34, the balance 30 and the dial indicator 23 on the dial indicator fixing frame 22 are respectively connected with the computer 37 through an injection pump data line 36, a pore pressure data line 36a, a water quantity data line 36b and a displacement data line 36c, and the pressure sensor 34 is connected with a matched pressure measuring instrument 45 through a pressure data line 36 d; the dowel bar 27 is provided with a baffle plate 21, the lower part of the dowel bar is hollow, a pressure data line 36d passes through the dowel bar 27, and a rubber plug 25 is arranged at the position of the dowel bar 27. The loading device consists of a supporting rod 24 fixed on the pedestal 1, and a weight tray 26 connected with the supporting rod 24 through a connecting hinge 28 and a lever 29. The base 2, the sleeve 16, the upper cover 11, the cylinder 43 and the dowel bar 27 are all made of stainless steel, and the sample cap 8 is made of plexiglass. The inner diameter of the sleeve 16 is 61.8 mm, the height is 100 mm, the wall thickness is 10 mm, the lower part is provided with a skirt edge, the skirt edge is 10 mm wide, two sleeve screw holes 42 with inner diameters of 5 mm are uniformly distributed, and the widths of the upper fixing groove 38a, the lower fixing groove 38b, the base rubber seal ring fixing groove 38c and the upper cover rubber seal ring fixing groove 38 are 6 mm, and the groove depth is 4 mm. The width of the upper sealing rubber ring 4 and the lower sealing rubber ring 4a is 6 mm and the height is 10 mm. The diameters of the upper and lower permeable stones 5, 5a were 61.78 mm and 10 mm thick, and the diameters of the upper and lower filter papers 6, 6a were 61.8 mm. The soil sample 7 had a diameter of 61.8 mm and a height of 40 mm. The diameter of the middle bulge of the base 2 is 61.8 mm, the height is 10 mm, the base screw hole 42a and the sleeve screw hole 42 are all internal screw holes with the diameter of 5 mm, and the base screw hole 39a and the upper cover screw hole 39 are all internal screw holes with the diameter of 8 mm. The sample cap 8 has a diameter of 61.78 mm and a thickness of 20 mm, 8 water permeable holes 10 with a diameter of 3 mm are uniformly formed in the sample cap, and the diameter of the pressure-bearing groove 40 at the central position is 18 mm. The cylinder 43 in the cylinder piston 20 has an inner diameter of 22 mm, a wall thickness of 2.5 mm, an inner diameter of the sealing rubber sleeve 19 of 10 mm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, a diameter of the dowel bar 27 of 18 mm and a length of 100 mm. The volume of the suction flask 31 was 250 ml, and the accuracy of the balance 30 was 0.001 mg. The diameters of the water replenishing pipe 33 and the injection pipe 44 are 5 mm. The inner diameter of the upper cover 11 is 81.8 mm, and the diameters of the exhaust hole 12, the drain hole 18 and the water inlet hole 14 of the base 2 on the upper cover 11 are all 5 mm. The maximum range of the pore pressure sensor 34 is 2 mpa, the accuracy is 0.001 mpa, and the pore pressure sensor 34 is waterproof, and the lower end of the pore pressure sensor 34 is flush with the lower end of the soil sample 7. The maximum range of the pressure sensor 9 is 6 kilonewtons, and the accuracy is 0.1 newton. The test procedure was as follows:
step 1, preparing 1 cutting ring with the diameter of 61.8 mm and the height of 40 mm, coating a layer of vaseline on the inner surface, and taking a soil sample 7 from a remolded soil block by using the cutting ring;
step 2, putting the soil sample 7 with the cutting ring into a vacuum cylinder, coating a thin layer of vaseline between the vacuum cylinder and a cover of the vacuum cylinder, tightly covering, pumping the vacuum cylinder by using a pump to enable the reading of a pressure gauge to approach to one atmosphere, continuously pumping the air for 1 hour, slowly injecting water through a water injection pipe on the vacuum cylinder, completely soaking the soil sample 7, closing the pump, keeping the pressure in the cylinder stable, and standing for 10 hours;
step 3, placing the pedestal 1 on a flat test table, placing the base 2 on the pedestal 1, coating vaseline on the inner wall of the sleeve 16, respectively placing the upper sealing rubber ring 4 and the lower sealing rubber ring 4a into an upper fixing groove 38a and a lower fixing groove 38b of the sleeve 16, penetrating a sleeve screw hole 42 by using a screw 3, connecting the base screw hole 42a, and then screwing to ensure that the base 2 is tightly connected with the sleeve 16; a lower water permeable stone 5a and a lower filter paper 6a are sequentially placed at the bottom of the sleeve 16, a valve 13b on the injection tube 44 and a valve 13a on the water pipe of the connecting hole pressure sensor 34 are closed, and distilled water is filled into the sleeve 16 through the upper opening of the sleeve 16;
step 4: opening a valve B13a on a water pipe connected with the pore pressure sensor 34, and installing the pore pressure sensor 34 after water continuously emerges from the top of the water pipe;
step 5: filling water into the sleeve 16 through the opening of the sleeve 16, opening a valve C13b on the injection tube 44 and a valve D13C on the water filling tube 33, discharging air in the tube, closing the valve D13C on the water filling tube 33, filling water into the water collecting bottle 35, aligning a ring cutter with the soil sample 7 with the upper opening of the sleeve 16, pushing the soil sample 7 into the sleeve 16, and sequentially putting the upper filter paper 6, the upper permeable stone 5 and the sample cap 8 on the upper surface of the soil sample 7;
step 6, screwing the cylinder piston 20 with the sealing rubber sleeve 19 inside into the cylinder base 41, placing the upper cover 11 on the sleeve 16 after screwing, enabling the screw 15 to pass through the screw hole 39 of the upper cover, screwing the screw cap 17, connecting the drain hole 18 to the suction filtration bottle 31 by using a water guide pipe, and placing the suction filtration bottle 31 on the balance 30;
step 7: a dowel bar 27 with the lower end connected with the pressure sensor 9 is inserted into the cylinder piston 20, and a dial indicator 23 is installed;
step 8: the weights in the weight tray 26 are adjusted to enable the numerical value on the pressure measuring instrument 45 to reach the test set value;
step 9: when the reading of the pore pressure sensor 34 is less than 5% of the initial value of the pore pressure, the soil sample 7 is considered to be solidified, and a change curve of the pore pressure and the vertical deformation of the soil sample along with time is obtained;
step 10: injecting water into the sleeve 16 through the exhaust pipe connected with the exhaust hole 12 until water continuously flows into the suction bottle 31, closing the valve A13 above the exhaust hole 12, closing the valve D13c on the water supplementing pipe 33, opening the switch of the injection pump 32, starting water injection, and comparing the read hole pressure with a set value by the computer 37, and adjusting the injection pump 33 to enable the water pressure in the injection pipe 44 to be the set value;
step 11: when water flows into the suction bottle 31 from the water guide pipe to start reading, the change amount of the water in the suction bottle 31 is recorded every 1 hour, the osmotic coefficient under the osmotic pressure is calculated, and after the calculated osmotic coefficient value is stable, the osmotic test is finished.
Example 2
This example is directed to testing the consolidation and permeability characteristics of soil samples at different consolidation pressures, with the consolidation pressures being graded from small to large, and the test setup in this example being the same as the consolidation permeability test setup in example 1. The procedure in the initial primary consolidation pressure test was the same as in example 1. Subsequent consolidation penetration tests at each stage of consolidation pressure were performed as per steps 8 to 11 of example 1. In the test process, after one stroke of the injection pump 32 is finished, the valve C13b on the injection pipe 44 is closed, the valve D13C on the water supplementing pipe 33 is opened, the injection pump 32 is in piston return stroke, water is supplemented for the injection pump 32, the valve D13C on the water supplementing pipe 33 is closed, the valve C13b on the injection pipe 44 is opened, and the penetration test is continued.
Claims (7)
1. A method of operating a consolidation penetration test apparatus, characterized by: the consolidation penetration test device mainly comprises a penetration consolidation instrument, a pressure sensor, a dial indicator, a loading device, a suction filtration bottle, a balance, an injection pump, a water collecting bottle, a pore pressure sensor and a computer; the infiltration consolidation apparatus consists of a base, a sleeve, an upper sealing rubber ring, a lower sealing rubber ring, an upper cover and a cylinder piston; the middle of the base is convex, the diameter of the convex part is equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve, a sealing rubber ring fixing groove, two screw holes and two screw holes are sequentially formed in the periphery of the base, the screw holes and the screw holes are all internal screw holes, and the base is provided with a water inlet; the cylinder piston mainly comprises a dowel bar, a cylinder, a sealing rubber sleeve and a cylinder base; the lower part of the sleeve is provided with a skirt edge, and the skirt edge is provided with screw holes; the upper cover is provided with an exhaust hole, a drain hole, a sealing rubber ring fixing groove and a screw hole; the inside of the sleeve is sequentially provided with a lower permeable stone, a lower filter paper, a soil sample, an upper filter paper, an upper permeable stone and a sample cap from bottom to top; the sample cap is provided with a pressure-bearing groove and a water-permeable hole; the bottom of the dowel bar is connected with a pressure sensor, and the bottom of the pressure sensor is matched with the pressure-bearing groove; the upper end of the water collecting bottle is flush with the upper end of the sleeve after installation; the injection pump is of a piston pushing type, the injection pump is connected with a water inlet hole on the base through an injection tube, and two branch tubes are separated from the injection tube and are respectively connected with a hole pressure sensor and a water collecting bottle; the injection pump, the pore pressure sensor, the balance and the dial indicator are respectively connected with the computer through an injection pump data line, a pore pressure data line, a water quantity data line and a displacement data line, and the pressure sensor is connected with the matched pressure measuring instrument through a pressure data line; the loading device consists of a supporting rod fixed on the pedestal, a lever hinged with the supporting rod and a weight tray; the operation method comprises the following operation steps:
step 1, preparing 1 cutting ring, coating a layer of vaseline on the inner surface, and taking a soil sample from the remolded soil block by using the cutting ring;
step 2, putting the soil sample with the cutting ring into a vacuum cylinder, coating a thin layer of vaseline between the vacuum cylinder and a cover of the vacuum cylinder, tightly covering, pumping the vacuum cylinder by using an air pump to enable the reading of a pressure gauge to approach to one atmosphere, continuously pumping air for 1 hour, slowly injecting water through a water injection pipe on the vacuum cylinder, completely soaking the soil sample, closing the air pump, keeping the pressure in the cylinder stable, and standing for 10 hours;
step 3, placing a pedestal on a flat test table, placing a base on the pedestal, coating vaseline on the inner wall of the sleeve, respectively placing an upper rubber sealing ring and a lower rubber sealing ring in an upper fixing groove and a lower fixing groove of the sleeve, penetrating screw holes of the sleeve by using screws, connecting the screw holes of the base, and then screwing to ensure that the base is tightly connected with the sleeve; sequentially placing lower permeable stone and lower filter paper at the bottom of the sleeve, closing a valve on the injection tube and a valve on the water pipe of the connecting hole pressure sensor, and filling distilled water into the sleeve through an upper opening of the sleeve;
step 4: opening a valve connected with the pore pressure sensor on the water pipe, and installing the pore pressure sensor after water continuously emerges from the top of the water pipe;
step 5: filling water into the sleeve through the sleeve opening, opening a valve on the injection tube and a valve on the water filling tube, discharging air in the tube, closing the valve on the water filling tube, filling water into the water collecting bottle, aligning a ring cutter with a soil sample to the upper opening of the sleeve, pushing the soil sample into the sleeve, and sequentially placing upper filter paper, upper permeable stone and a sample cap on the upper surface of the soil sample;
step 6, screwing a cylinder piston with a sealing rubber sleeve inside into a cylinder base, placing an upper cover on a sleeve after screwing, enabling a screw rod to pass through a screw rod hole of the upper cover, screwing a screw cap, connecting a drain hole to a suction filtration bottle by using a water guide pipe, and placing the suction filtration bottle on a balance;
step 7: inserting a dowel bar with the lower end connected with a pressure sensor into a cylinder piston, and installing a dial indicator;
step 8: adjusting weights in the weight tray to enable the numerical value on the tester of the pressure sensor to reach a test set value;
step 9: when the reading of the pore pressure sensor is smaller than 5% of the initial value of the pore pressure, the soil sample is considered to be solidified, and a change curve of the pore pressure and the vertical deformation of the soil sample along with time is obtained;
step 10: injecting water into the sleeve through an exhaust pipe connected with the exhaust hole until water continuously flows into the suction filter bottle, closing a valve on the exhaust pipe, closing a valve on the water supplementing pipe, opening a switch of the injection pump, starting water injection, and comparing the read hole pressure with a set value by a computer, and adjusting the injection pump to enable the water pressure in the injection pipe to be the set value;
step 11: when water flows into the suction bottle from the water guide pipe to start reading, the change amount of the water in the suction bottle is recorded every 1 hour, the osmotic coefficient under the osmotic pressure is calculated, and after the calculated osmotic coefficient value is stable, the osmotic test is finished.
2. The method of operating a consolidation permeation testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the dowel bar has smooth surface, the cylinder base and the upper cover are integrated, the cylinder and the cylinder base are connected through threads, the surface of the joint is coated with a sealing material, and the sealing rubber sleeve is tightly contacted with the outer surface of the dowel bar and the inner surface of the cylinder, so that the dowel bar is watertight.
3. The method of operating a consolidation permeation testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure sensor is waterproof and is calibrated in a matched mode with the pressure measuring instrument.
4. The method of operating a consolidation permeation testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameters of the upper permeable stone, the lower permeable stone and the sample cap are smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve by 0.02 mm.
5. The method of operating a consolidation permeation testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the pore pressure sensor is flush with the lower end of the soil sample.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 11 is performed by closing a valve on the syringe, opening a valve on the water supply pipe, returning a piston of the syringe to supply water to the syringe, closing the valve on the water supply pipe, opening the valve on the syringe, and continuing the permeation test.
7. The method of operating a consolidation permeation testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the base, the sleeve, the upper cover, the air cylinder and the dowel bar are all made of stainless steel, and the sample cap is made of organic glass.
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| CN113008757B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2024-05-10 | 温州际高检测仪器有限公司 | Automatic clamping device for permeability test of geosynthetic material |
| CN113358484B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-02-11 | 江西省水利科学院 | Test system and method for simulating dam body soil deformation in water level lifting process |
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