CN211402069U - Permeability tester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a permeability tester, comprising: a pressure cylinder, a support piece, a hollow container and a loading device, a positioning ring is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure cylinder; A first sealing ring is provided, and an adjusting device is provided on the support; a support ring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the hollow container, and the inner cavity of the hollow container is divided by the support ring to form a sealed chamber; the The loading device is connected with a pressure tube, one end of the pressure tube penetrates into the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder from the outside of the pressure cylinder, and the end is located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder. By arranging the pressure cylinder and the supporting member, and arranging the first sealing ring between the pressure cylinder and the supporting member, the sample is sealed between the pressure cylinder and the supporting member through the first sealing ring, the operation is relatively simple, and the pressure The cartridge is disassembled from the hollow container for cleaning, which is easy to clean, simple and sanitary.

Description

A permeability tester

technical field

The utility model relates to a material performance testing device, in particular to a permeability tester.

Background technique

Permeability is an important evaluation index for materials with permeable properties. Materials with permeation properties mainly include two categories: air-permeable materials and liquid-permeable materials (including water-permeable materials, oil-permeable materials, etc.), and their applications cover many fields, such as food, medical, and engineering construction.

At present, there is a lack of permeability coefficient measuring instruments and corresponding test methods, technical standards, etc. for seepage-proof walls, permeable pavement materials, and other low-permeability materials represented by breathable or permeable civil engineering materials at home and abroad. Most of the existing test equipment are some suggested equipment made by scientific research institutions according to their needs. Most of these equipments need to use various kinds of sealing paste or sealing grease to carry out strict pre-preparation and treatment of the test pieces. It is easy to clean the equipment, and it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the test process and test results. In addition, the existing permeability test equipment can usually only test for air permeability or water permeability. Two sets of equipment, the cost is relatively high.

In view of this, the applicant has conducted in-depth research on the structure of the permeability tester, resulting in this case.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a permeability tester that is simple to operate and easy to clean.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A penetration tester comprising:

pressure cylinder, the opening of the pressure cylinder is arranged downward, a positioning ring is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure cylinder, and the pressure cylinder is provided with a first pressure gauge for detecting the inner cavity pressure of the pressure cylinder ;

A support, the support is located directly under the pressure cylinder, and two or more first sealing rings stacked on each other are arranged between the support and the pressure cylinder, wherein the two first sealing rings are A test position for clamping the sample is formed between the supports, and an adjusting device for adjusting the distance between the support and the pressure cylinder is arranged on the support;

A hollow container, the inner side wall of the hollow container is fixedly connected with a support ring sealingly connected with the positioning ring, and the inner cavity of the hollow container is divided by the support ring to form a seal located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the hollow container The hollow container is provided with a second pressure gauge for detecting the pressure in the sealed chamber and a drain pipe communicating with the sealed chamber, the drain pipe is provided with a flow meter, and the drain pipe is The horizontal position at which the tube is connected to the sealed chamber is equal to or lower than the horizontal position of the test position; and

A loading device is connected with a pressure tube, one end of the pressure tube penetrates into the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder from the outside of the pressure cylinder, and the end is located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder.

As an improvement of the present invention, the pressure cylinder is a transparent cylinder, and a capacity scale line is provided on the side wall of the pressure cylinder.

As an improvement of the present invention, the adjusting device includes a connecting seat fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure cylinder and located below the positioning ring, and a connecting seat which is inserted into the connecting seat and the support at the same time. A screw rod and an upper nut and a lower nut screwed on the screw rod respectively, the lower end of the upper nut abuts on the connecting seat, and the upper end of the lower nut abuts on the support member.

As an improvement of the present invention, the support member is a stainless steel plate, and the stainless steel plate is provided with a plurality of perforations.

As an improvement of the present invention, it also includes a liquid return cup, the upper part of the pressure cylinder is connected with a residual liquid pipe that communicates with the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder, and the residual liquid pipe is not connected to the pressure cylinder. One end communicates with the liquid return cup or is located just above the liquid return cup, the loading device also has a liquid storage tank connected with the pressurized pipe, and the liquid storage tank and the liquid return cup are located between the liquid storage tank and the liquid return cup. A circulation pipe is connected.

As an improvement of the present invention, a liquid seepage cup is also included, and the liquid seepage cup is located just below the end of the drain pipe that is not connected to the hollow container.

As an improvement of the present invention, there are two loading devices, which are a liquid loading device and a gas loading device. On-off valve.

Adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. By setting the pressure cylinder and the support, and setting the first sealing ring between the pressure cylinder and the support, the sample is sealed between the pressure cylinder and the support through the first sealing ring, without using various seals Strict pre-preparation and treatment of the test piece with paste or sealing grease, the operation is relatively simple, and the pressure cylinder can be disassembled from the hollow container for cleaning, which is convenient for cleaning, simple and hygienic.

2. By setting up two loading devices, not only the water permeability of the sample can be tested, but also the permeability of the sample can be tested, which greatly reduces the test cost and is very useful for the research on the permeability of commonly used permeability materials. important.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the permeability tester of the present invention.

The corresponding symbols in the figure are as follows:

10-Pressure cylinder; 11-Locating ring;

12-first pressure gauge; 20-support;

21-first sealing ring; 30-hollow container;

31-support ring; 32-second sealing ring;

33- sealed chamber; 34- second pressure gauge;

35-discharge pipe; 36-flowmeter;

37- drain valve; 38- seepage cup;

40-loading device; 41-pressurized pipe;

42-branch pipe; 43a-first opening and closing valve;

43b - the second opening and closing valve;

44- liquid storage tank; 45- liquid filling pipe;

46- liquid return cup; 47- residual liquid pipe;

48- Residual liquid valve; 49- Circulation pipe;

50-adjustment device; 51-connection seat;

52-screw; 53-upper nut;

54-lower nut; 60-third pressure gauge;

70 - Air compressor. 22 - Specimen.

Detailed ways

The utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:

As shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment provides a permeability tester, including a pressure cylinder 10, a support member 20, a hollow container 30 and a loading device 40. It should be noted that the permeability tester provided in this embodiment can be It is a manual tester or an automatic tester. When it is a manual tester, the test results of the pressure gauges and other detection devices mentioned below need to be manually read and obtained by manual calculation. The test result, when it is an automatic tester, also needs to include a control module, so as to automatically obtain the test results of the pressure gauges and other detection devices mentioned below through the control module and automatically calculate and obtain the test results. The specific control module is Conventional modules, which can be purchased from the market and obtained by setting according to actual functional requirements, are not the focus of this embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

The pressure cylinder 10 is a cylindrical transparent cylinder, the opening of which is arranged downward, that is, the pressure cylinder 10 is an inverted transparent cylinder, the upper end of which is sealed. The side wall of the pressure cylinder 10 is provided with a volume scale line (not shown in the figure), wherein the zero scale line is located at the mouth of the lower end of the pressure cylinder, so that it is convenient to intuitively understand the volume of the liquid in the pressure cylinder 10. Of course, it can also be set A liquid level sensor, so that the control module automatically obtains the volume of the liquid in the pressure cylinder 10 . In addition, a positioning ring 11 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure cylinder 10, and the connection position between the positioning ring 11 and the pressure cylinder 10 is sealed. The pressure gauge 12 , specifically, the first pressure gauge 12 is located at the upper end of the pressure cylinder 10 . It should be noted that, the first pressure gauge 12 and each pressure gauge 12 that will be mentioned below can be replaced with pressure sensors that are communicatively connected to the control module.

The support member 20 is a stainless steel plate, and the stainless steel plate is provided with a plurality of perforations to allow liquid or gas to pass through the stainless steel plate. Of course, a plastic plate or other metal plate can also be used to replace the above-mentioned stainless steel plate. The support 20 is located directly below the pressure cylinder 10 and the horizontal projection of the mouth of the pressure cylinder 10 lies entirely on the support 20 . Two or more first sealing rings 21 stacked on each other are arranged between the support member 20 and the pressure cylinder 10 . In the test position where the sample 22 is clamped, in this embodiment, two first sealing rings 21 are used as an example for description. The specification of the first sealing ring 21 matches the diameter of the mouth of the pressure cylinder 10 , the sample 22 is clamped between the two first sealing rings 21 during the test, and one of the first sealing rings 21 is used in the sample 22 . A seal is formed between it and the edge of the mouth of the pressure cylinder 10, and another first sealing ring 21 is used to form a seal between the sample 22 and the support 20 to prevent gas or liquid from passing from the sample 22 to the pressure cylinder 10 or The connection between the supports 20 leaks.

In addition, the supporting member 20 is provided with an adjusting device 50 for adjusting the distance between the supporting member 20 and the pressure cylinder 10. The adjusting device 50 can be a conventional device, such as a lifting platform arranged under the supporting member 20, etc. In this embodiment, the adjusting device 50 includes a connecting seat 51 fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure cylinder 10 and located below the positioning ring 11, a screw 52 that is inserted into the connecting seat 51 and the support member 20 at the same time, and screwed respectively. The upper nut 53 and the lower nut 54 on the screw rod 52, wherein the lower end of the upper nut 53 abuts on the connecting seat 51, and the upper end of the lower nut 54 abuts on the support 20, so that by adjusting each nut relative to the screw rod 52 to adjust the distance between the support 20 and the pressure cylinder 10, so as to realize the operation of sealing and clamping the sample 22 between the support 20 and the pressure cylinder 10 or loosening the sample 22. Preferably, there are multiple screws 52, and the multiple screws 52 are evenly distributed around the pressure cylinder 10. Of course, each screw 52 is screwed with an upper nut 53 and a lower nut 54, which can form better support .

The hollow container 30 is a transparent cylindrical container with its opening facing and its lower end being sealed. The inner side wall of the hollow container 30 is fixedly connected with a support ring 31 that is sealingly connected to the positioning ring 11 , and the connection position between the support ring 31 and the hollow container 30 is sealed. Specifically, the outer diameter of the positioning ring 11 is larger than that of the support ring 31 and the upper end of the support 31 is provided with a second sealing ring 32. In this way, during assembly, after the pressure cylinder 10 is inserted into the hollow container 30, the positioning ring 11 can be pressed against the second sealing ring 32. At this time, the support 20 and the bottom of the hollow container 30 are not in contact with each other, that is, a gap is formed between the two; then the support ring 31 and the positioning ring 11 are locked with each other by bolts, so that the second sealing ring 32 is compressed to realize the support ring 31 and positioning For the sealing between the rings 11, of course, the support ring 31 needs to be provided with threaded holes for matching the bolts, and the positioning ring 11 and the second sealing ring 32 need to be provided with through holes for the bolts to pass through.

The inner cavity of the hollow container 30 is divided by the support ring 31 to form a sealing chamber 33 located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the hollow container 30 . The connected drain pipe 35, wherein the drain pipe 35 is provided with a flow meter 36 and a drain valve 37, wherein the flow meter 36 is an existing liquid flow meter, an existing gas flow meter, or an existing liquid flow meter. The flowmeter that simultaneously counts the gas flow and the liquid flow, of course, a flow sensor that is communicatively connected to the control module can also be used to replace the flowmeter 36; in addition, the horizontal position of the connection position between the drain pipe 35 and the sealing chamber 33 is equal to or lower than The test position is horizontal, and the highest point of the drain pipe 35 is at the position where it is connected to the sealing chamber 33 to avoid the situation that the hydraulic pressure in the sealing chamber 33 is greater than that in the pressure cylinder 10 during testing. Preferably, the permeability tester provided in this embodiment further includes a seepage cup 38 , which is located directly below the end of the drain pipe 35 that is not connected to the hollow container 30 or directly communicated with the drain pipe 35 .

The loading device 40 is connected with a pressurizing pipe 41 , and a third pressure gauge 60 is arranged on the pressurizing pipe 41 . 10 in the lower part of the lumen. The loading device 40 can be a conventional gas loading device or a liquid loading device. Preferably, in order to enable the permeability tester provided in this embodiment to be used for both water permeability test and gas permeability test, in this embodiment, the loading device 40 There are two, respectively, a liquid loading device and a gas loading device. Each loading device 40 is connected to the pressurized pipe 41 through a branch pipe 42, and each branch pipe 42 is provided with an on-off valve, so that one can use two loading devices 40. One of them is tested, that is, there are two on-off valves, which are the first on-off valve 43a on the branch pipe 42 corresponding to the liquid loading device and the second on-off valve on the branch pipe 42 corresponding to the gas loading device. 43b. Specifically, the gas loading device is a high-pressure gas cylinder or an air compressor 70 connected to the corresponding branch pipe 42. The liquid loading device includes a liquid storage tank 44, and the corresponding branch pipe 42 is connected to the side wall of the liquid storage tank 44 and is connected to the liquid storage tank 44. The tank 44 is connected, that is, the loading device 40 also has a liquid storage tank 44 connected with the pressurizing pipe 41; the upper end of the liquid storage tank 44 is connected with a liquid filling pipe 45, and the liquid storage tank 44 is provided with a liquid for sending the liquid to the corresponding A liquid feed pump or a constant pressure liquid supply device (not shown in the figure) of the branch pipe 42 .

The permeability tester provided in this embodiment further includes a liquid return cup 46, and a liquid catheter is connected to the side wall of the liquid return cup 46; The residual liquid pipe 47 is provided with a residual liquid valve 48. The end of the residual liquid pipe 47 that is not connected to the pressure cylinder 10 is connected to the liquid return cup 46 or is located directly above the liquid return cup 46. The horizontal position of the liquid return cup 46 is lower than the pressure The horizontal position of the cylinder 10, in addition, a circulation pipe 49 is connected between the liquid storage tank 44 and the liquid return cup 46, and the circulation pipe 49 is provided with a circulation pump ( not shown in the figure).

The permeability tester provided in this embodiment can be used not only to test the permeability of liquid-permeable materials, but also to test the permeability of gas-permeable materials. For liquid materials, the permeability coefficient K1 can be calculated according to the formula K1=(QL/AHt), where Q is the liquid flow rate detected by the flow meter 36 or the liquid flow rate flowing out of the drain pipe 35 , and L is the thickness of the sample 22 , A is the area of the space enclosed by the first sealing ring 21, H is the distance between the connection position between the residual liquid pipe 47 and the pressure cylinder 10 and the upper surface of the sample 22, t is the test time, for the air permeability The gas permeability coefficient K2 can be calculated according to the formula K2=V2/t, where V2 is the gas flow rate detected by the flowmeter or the gas flow rate flowing out of the drain pipe 35, and t is the test time.

Specifically, the steps of testing the permeability of the liquid-permeable material are as follows:

S1. Process the sample 22 into a square or round shape, and then clamp it on the test position between the two first sealing rings 21 through the adjusting device 50 to achieve sealing, and measure the thickness L of the sample 22 at the same time.

S2, open the first opening and closing valve 43a on the branch pipe 42 corresponding to the liquid loading device and close the second opening and closing valve 43b on the branch pipe 42 corresponding to the gas loading device, open the liquid inlet pump or the pressure-stabilizing liquid supply device, open the The drain valve 37 and the residual liquid valve 48 inject a small amount of water into the pressure cylinder 10 (here, the liquid is water as an example), and check whether the position of each first sealing ring 21 leaks. Seal, no leaks go to the next step. Of course, if necessary, the air tightness of other sealing positions of the permeability tester can be checked at the same time.

S3, continue to inject water into the pressure cylinder 10, so that the water level in the pressure cylinder 10 rises to the height H, at this time the excess water will be exported from the residual liquid pipe 47 and flow into the liquid return cup 46, and the liquid in the liquid return cup 46 can pass through The circulation pipe 49 is drawn back to the liquid storage tank 44 for recycling, thereby ensuring that the return position in the pressure cylinder 10 is stable at the height H.

S4. While performing the previous step, part of the water penetrates down through the sample 22, and flows into the sealing chamber 33 through the perforation on the support 20. When the water level in the sealing chamber 33 reaches the drain pipe 35 and the sealing chamber When the 33 is connected to the position, the water will flow out from the drain pipe 35 into the seepage cup 38. At this time, it indicates that the test preparation work is completed and the data can be recorded.

It should be noted that, in order to speed up the completion of the preparation work, in steps S3 and S4, the clamping force on the sample 22 can be reduced by the adjusting device 50 to increase the penetration speed, and the sample 22 can be re-clamped after the preparation work is completed. . In addition, the preparation work should not be too fast, it is best to let the tester run for 5-10 minutes to check whether each device is operating normally.

S5, pour out the liquid in the seepage cup 38 and put the seepage cup 38 back to its original place, and start recording the test time at the same time. The test time can be timed manually or by the timer built in the control module; After the time t, stop the test and record the readings of each pressure gauge and flowmeter at this time, and then calculate the permeability coefficient according to the formula K1=(QL/AHt) to complete the test. It should be noted that, when the flowmeter 36 is a gas flowmeter, since it cannot count the liquid flow, it needs to pass the measuring cup (the measuring cup is not part of this embodiment, but is a test tool that needs additional configuration) after the test is completed. The liquid in the seepage cup 38 is measured to obtain the flow of liquid out of the drain 35 .

The arrangement for testing the permeation performance of the gas permeable material is similar to the steps for testing the permeation performance of the liquid permeable material, the difference is that after the above step S1 is completed, the second opening and closing on the branch pipe 42 corresponding to the gas loading device is opened. valve 43b and close the first opening and closing valve 43a on the branch pipe 42 corresponding to the liquid loading device, open the high-pressure gas cylinder or the air compressor, open the liquid discharge valve 37, close the residual liquid valve 48, and inject gas into the pressure cylinder 10 ( Here, the gas is air as an example for description), and it is detected whether there is leakage at the position of each first sealing ring 21 . Then start recording the test time. When the preset time t is reached, stop the test and record the readings of each pressure gauge and flowmeter at this time, and then calculate the permeability coefficient according to the formula K2=V2/t to complete the test. It should be noted that, when the flow meter 36 is a liquid flow meter, since it cannot count the gas flow, it is necessary to put an inverted volumetric flask (the volumetric flask) into the seepage cup 38 before the test. It is not a part of this embodiment, and it is a test tool that requires additional configuration), the height of the volumetric flask is the same as that of the seepage cup 38, and the drain pipe 35 is passed through the hose (the hose is not part of this embodiment, it is necessary to The outlet of the additionally configured test tool) is introduced into the volumetric flask and filled with water in the volumetric flask and the seepage cup 38; during the test, the gas is sent into the pressure barrel 10, and the gas passing through the sample 22 passes through the drain pipe 35 Entering into the inverted volumetric flask 39, with the entry of gas, the water in the volumetric flask 39 is discharged, so the volume V2 of the gas entering the volumetric flask 39 in unit time t can be calculated by using K2=V2/t The gas permeability of the material 22 to be tested.

In addition, the permeability tester provided in this embodiment can also be adjusted differently by controlling the opening degree of the corresponding valve, etc., to detect the liquid or gas permeation rate of the sample 22 .

The present utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the present utility model according to the prior art, such as the above-mentioned embodiments. The silicone gaskets in the above are changed to rubber gaskets, etc., which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a permeability tester, is characterized in that, comprises: pressure cylinder, the opening of the pressure cylinder is arranged downward, a positioning ring is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure cylinder, and the pressure cylinder is provided with a first pressure gauge for detecting the inner cavity pressure of the pressure cylinder ; A support, the support is located directly under the pressure cylinder, and two or more first sealing rings stacked on each other are arranged between the support and the pressure cylinder, wherein the two first sealing rings are A test position for clamping the sample is formed between the supports, and an adjusting device for adjusting the distance between the support and the pressure cylinder is arranged on the support; A hollow container, the inner side wall of the hollow container is fixedly connected with a support ring sealingly connected with the positioning ring, and the inner cavity of the hollow container is divided by the support ring to form a seal located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the hollow container The hollow container is provided with a second pressure gauge for detecting the pressure in the sealed chamber and a drain pipe communicating with the sealed chamber, the drain pipe is provided with a flow meter, and the drain pipe is The horizontal position at which the tube is connected to the sealed chamber is equal to or lower than the horizontal position of the test position; and A loading device is connected with a pressure tube, one end of the pressure tube penetrates into the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder from the outside of the pressure cylinder, and the end is located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder. 2 . The permeability tester according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure cylinder is a transparent cylinder, and a volume scale line is provided on the side wall of the pressure cylinder. 3 . 3 . The permeability tester according to claim 1 , wherein the adjusting device comprises a connecting seat fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure cylinder and located under the positioning ring, and is inserted into the The connecting seat and the threaded rod on the support piece, as well as the upper nut and the lower nut screwed on the threaded rod respectively, the lower end of the upper nut abuts on the connecting seat, and the upper end of the lower nut abuts on the connecting seat. on the support. 4 . The permeability tester of claim 1 , wherein the support member is a stainless steel plate, and the stainless steel plate is provided with a plurality of perforations. 5 . 5. The permeability tester according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid return cup, the upper part of the pressure cylinder is connected with a residual liquid pipe communicating with the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder, the residual liquid The end of the pipe that is not connected to the pressure cylinder is communicated with the liquid return cup or is located just above the liquid return cup, and the loading device also has a liquid storage tank connected to the pressure pipe, the liquid storage tank is A circulation pipe is connected between the tank and the liquid return cup. 6 . The permeability tester of claim 1 , further comprising a liquid permeation cup, the liquid permeation cup being located just below the end of the drain pipe that is not connected to the hollow container. 7 . 7 . The permeability tester according to claim 1 , wherein there are two loading devices, which are respectively a liquid loading device and a gas loading device, and each of the loading devices respectively passes through a branch pipe and the pressurized pipe. 8 . connected, and the branch pipe is provided with an on-off valve.

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