CN109682688B - Hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision and method - Google Patents
Hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682688B CN109682688B CN201910033257.XA CN201910033257A CN109682688B CN 109682688 B CN109682688 B CN 109682688B CN 201910033257 A CN201910033257 A CN 201910033257A CN 109682688 B CN109682688 B CN 109682688B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 52
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/0282—Two dimensional, e.g. tapes, webs, sheets, strips, disks or membranes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision and method, which includes control axis, ground oil sources, centrifuge, rock load case, image observation device and clump weight；Rock load case includes counter-force tank tower, slabby rocks sample, confining pressure oil sac, stiff shaft pressure pressure head and axis pressure oil capsule；The present invention carries out 1/N times of rock mass scale-model experiment using N times of Elevated Gravity, substantially increases the similitude of model experiment；Strata model is flake, and side plate is transparent, and deformation and cracking etc. on sample side can be observed with through image, compared to the spot measurement mode of tradition patch foil gauge and displacement sensor, monitored density greatly improves, and cost substantially reduces, and plans as a whole difficulty and is greatly reduced；High pressure is provided using Integral hydraulic oil sac, rock sample facilitates observation without carrying out gum cover sealing；And the sealing requirements of device are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rock Mechanics Test field more particularly to a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision and sides
Method.
Background technique
For the mechanical property of underground large scale rock mass, due to the difficulty of in-situ observation, multi-pass crosses laboratory experiment progress
Related rock mass deformation, the exploration of crack propagation law.However, due to the presence of weight stress, in large scale rock mass there is compared with
Big stress gradient, and conventional reduced scale strata model experiment cannot achieve this uniformly distributed stress gradient in laboratory.For reality
The rules such as crack propagation, the deformation displacement of border engineering scale rock mass, are influenced significant, it is difficult to pass through conventional list by stress gradient
First body Rock Mechanics Test characterizes.
And with the appearance of hypergravity centrifuge, provide a kind of new loading method, it can in centrifuge sample
Apply hundreds times of acceleration of gravity, to simulate the stress field of protolith.The centrifugal modeling of hypergravity centrifuge based on this principle
Gradually it is widely applied that (related experiment being related at present has earth and rockfill dam piping, dam break experiment, offshore structure stability real
Test, slope instability experiment etc.), for rock type, also about bridge span structure, the loading experiment of high rock slope, but for
The mechanical property of underground large scale rock mass is only inadequate by weight stress, it is also necessary to solve its axis pressure, confining pressure load ask
Topic, currently, such correlation model experimental study is still blank.In addition, in experimentation, need to monitor the strain of rock, displacement,
Cracking etc., multi-pass crosses patch foil gauge, all kinds of linear displacement meters and acoustic emission etc., but foil gauge in triaxial chamber at present
It is spot measurement with displacement meter, it is difficult to mass data needed for model experiment is provided, and acoustic emission requirement is harsh, and at
This is higher, limited for the accuracy of identification in crack.
Summary of the invention
It is real the purpose of the present invention is in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, providing a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model
Experiment device and method.The Elevated Gravity generated using centrifuge and two axle loads applied, can make two-dimentional rock mass try
Sample is in closely to descend in the stress field of large scale rock mass prototype, substantially increases the similitude of strata model experiment, and it can
To observe the deformation of strata model, crack extension in real time by transparent panel, monitored relative to traditional foil gauge, displacement sensor etc.
Method, monitored density is high, precision is high, range is big.
Technical solution of the present invention principle is as shown in Figure 1；
For prototype: Δ σ=ρ gh
Scaled model for 1/N times: Δ σ 1=ρ gh/N
Scaled model for 1/N times under N times of hypergravity: Δ σ 2=ρ Ngh/N=ρ gh
It can easily be seen that Δ σ=Δ σ 2, i.e. prototype are equal with 1/N times under N times of hypergravity of the stress gradient of scaled model,
The stress field that prototype can be replicated under hypergravity, to increase substantially the similitude of strata model experiment of machanics.
A kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision proposed by the present invention, including control axis, ground oil sources, centrifugation
Machine, rock load case, image observation device and clump weight；
The rock load case includes counter-force tank tower, slabby rocks sample, confining pressure oil sac, stiff shaft pressure pressure head and axis pressure oil
Capsule；
The counter-force tank tower is fixed on the hanging basket of centrifuge, including hollow out foreboard, transparent panel, middle partition, backboard and top
Lid；The transparent panel is in the inboard groove of hollow out foreboard；The hollow out foreboard, middle partition, backboard are successively rigidly connected, institute
The structural top that top cover is fixed on after three's rigid connection is stated, the counter-force of axis pressure is provided；
The slabby rocks sample, confining pressure liquid capsule, stiff shaft pressure pressure head, axis pressure oil capsule are placed in middle partition, and five have
Identical thickness；Slabby rocks sample front and rear sides respectively with transparent panel and backboard close contact；The slabby rocks examination
It is contacted at left and right sides of sample with confining pressure oil sac, receives to be evenly distributed with confining pressure from the flexibility that confining pressure oil sac applies；The slabby rocks sample
Top is contacted with stiff shaft pressure pressure head, and stiff shaft presses and is equipped with axis pressure oil capsule between pressure head and top cover, and what axis pressure oil capsule generated is evenly distributed with
Axis pressure presses pressure head to be applied at the top of slabby rocks sample by stiff shaft；Drilling is reserved on the middle partition, confining pressure oil sac is logical
This drilling is crossed to connect with extraneous pipeline；
The axis pressure oil capsule, confining pressure oil sac pass through high pressure sealing joint, oil pipe, the rotary joint in centrifuge and ground oil
Source is connected, and receives the pressure from ground oil sources；
Described image observation device includes image acquiring device, illumination lamp bar and light reflection unit, and described image obtains
Equipment is fixed on the pivoted arm of centrifuge, is connected by cable, centrifuge conducting slip ring with control axis；The illumination lamp bar
It is fixed in the hollow hole of hollow out foreboard, is connected by cable, centrifuge conducting slip ring with control axis；The light reflection
Device is fixed in the hanging basket of centrifuge, and reflecting surface and hanging basket bottom surface are in 45 degree angles, by rock deformation in experimentation, is broken
Bad, flow event optical imagery is reflected within image acquiring device, and the digital image data of image acquiring device shooting passes
It is defeated by control axis.
Further, the stiff shaft pressure pressure head two sides and middle partition are in close contact, and can not be controlled shifting by the limit of middle partition
It is dynamic, it is only capable of moving up and down.
Further, there are density and the similar dense fluids of slabby rocks sample in the confining pressure liquid capsule, in hypergravity
Under, it can produce apparent confining pressure gradient, it is corresponding with practical confining pressure gradient suffered by rock prototype.
Further, the confining pressure oil sac at left and right sides of the slabby rocks sample is two sides symmetrical structure, in two sides to piece
Shape rock sample applies equal pressure.
Further, the axis pressure oil capsule is externally provided with axis pressure pressure sensor, and the confining pressure oil sac is externally provided with confining pressure pressure
Sensor, by pressure sensor to control axis feedback pressure information.
Further, the transparent panel and backboard have enough rigidity, it is ensured that slabby rocks sample is only capable of that two dimension occurs
Deformation.
Further, the slabby rocks sample is the artificial slabby rocks suppressed or polish, slabby rocks sample
Surface is handled with coloring agent, and coloring agent is disseminated into the natural texture of rock sample and crack, so that texture is more obvious, with side
Just image recognition and processing.
Further, the illumination lamp bar is strip light band, receives the switch order of control axis, and the light issued is worn
Transparent front plate is crossed, the Observable face of slabby rocks sample is illuminated.
Further, rock is loaded into case and slabby rocks sample is in the Elevated Gravity of N times of gravity, simulate N times of rock
The load destruction of stone, flow event.
It is a kind of to carry out hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental method using above-mentioned apparatus, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: preparing slabby rocks sample；
Step 2: counter-force tank tower being fixed on the hanging basket of centrifuge；
Step 3: being fitted into rock sample and middle partition；It is packed into confining pressure oil sac, and connects related oil circuit；
Step 4: hollow out foreboard, middle partition, backboard being successively rigidly connected, connect transparent panel closely with piece rock sample
Touching；
Step 5: being packed into stiff shaft pressure pressure head, axis pressure oil capsule and top cover, and connect related oil circuit；
Step 6: starting axis pressure and confining pressure equipment carry out pre-pressing to rock sample, and observe oil circuit pipeline whether there is or not leakage,
After all going well, axis pressure and confining pressure are reduced to 0；
Step 7: starting centrifuge makes centrifugal force reach N times of gravity of preset value (N reduced scale multiple)；
Step 8: the pressure of adjustment axis pressure and confining pressure equipment is to design value, and experiment starts, by image observation device to rock
Strain field, displacement field, the crack propagation of stone sample are observed, and are transmitted to control axis；
Step 9: after experiment, pressure is reduced to 0, closes centrifuge, and apparatus for examination and repair is in case use next time.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect:
1, the rock mass scale-model experiment that 1/N times is carried out using N times of Elevated Gravity, substantially increases the phase of model experiment
Like property.
2, strata model is flake, and side plate is transparent, and deformation and cracking on sample side can be observed with through image
Deng, compared to the spot measurement mode of tradition patch foil gauge and displacement sensor, monitored density is greatly improved, and cost substantially reduces,
Plan as a whole difficulty to be greatly reduced.
3, high pressure is provided using Integral hydraulic oil sac, rock sample facilitates observation without carrying out gum cover sealing；And to dress
The sealing requirements set are greatly reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that prototype schematic diagram is replicated under hypergravity of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision assembling schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that rock of the present invention loads box structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that rock of the present invention loads case top view；
In figure, control axis 1, ground oil sources 2, centrifuge 3, rock load case 4, image acquiring device 5, light reflection dress
Set 6, oil pipe 7, cable 8, clump weight 9, hollow out foreboard 9-1, transparent panel 9-2, middle partition 9-3, backboard 9-4, top cover 9-5, piece
Shape rock sample 10, confining pressure oil sac 11, stiff shaft pressure pressure head 12, axis pressure oil capsule 13, axis pressure pressure sensor 14, confining pressure pressure pass
Sensor 15, the first bolt 16, the second bolt 17, illumination lamp bar 18.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As in Figure 2-4, a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision that the present embodiment proposes, including control axis
1, ground oil sources 2, centrifuge 3, rock load case 4, image observation device, oil pipe 7, cable 8, clump weight 9；Wherein, rock
Loading case 4 includes counter-force tank tower, slabby rocks sample 10, confining pressure oil sac 11, stiff shaft pressure pressure head 12, axis pressure oil capsule 13, axis pressure
Pressure sensor 14, confining pressure pressure sensor 15, the first bolt 16, the second bolt 17, illumination lamp bar 18.
Counter-force tank tower is assembly type, and structure includes hollow out foreboard 9-1, transparent panel 9-2, middle partition 9-3, backboard 9-4, top
Cover 9-5.Transparent panel 9-2 provides the counter-force in rock sample plane normal direction, and make in the groove of hollow out foreboard 9-1
Deformation, displacement, the cracking etc. of image observation rock sample plane are possibly realized.Middle partition 9-3 has different size, to adapt to not
The slabby rocks sample 10 of stack pile size, is reserved with drilling among middle partition 9-3, confining pressure oil sac interface by this drilling with it is outer
Boundary's pipeline connects.Hollow out foreboard 9-1, middle partition 9-3, backboard 9-4 carry out rigid connection by the second bolt 17 and form reaction box
Frame.Top cover 9-5 can be fixed on counter-force tank tower by the first bolt 16, to provide the counter-force of axis pressure.
Slabby rocks sample 10, confining pressure liquid capsule 11, stiff shaft pressure pressure head 12, axis pressure oil capsule 13 are placed in middle partition 9-3, and five
Person's thickness having the same.Slabby rocks sample 10 is the artificial slabby rocks suppressed or polish, and thickness should have different
Specification.The surface of slabby rocks sample is handled with coloring agent, and coloring agent is disseminated into the natural texture of rock sample and crack, is made
It is more obvious to obtain texture, to facilitate image recognition and processing.Stiff shaft presses 12 two sides of pressure head and middle partition 9-3 to be in close contact, by
Middle partition 9-3 limit can not move left and right, and be only capable of moving up and down.There are density and slabby rocks sample 10 similar in confining pressure liquid capsule 11
Dense fluids can produce apparent confining pressure gradient delta σ under hypergravity, with practical confining pressure suffered by rock prototype
Gradient is corresponding.Confining pressure liquid capsule 11 is two sides symmetrical structure, and since rock is compressed in loading procedure, axis presses pressure head that will extend, and is enclosed
Pressure oil capsule is set as symmetrical equipressure, to guarantee not generate uneven lateral force to axis pressure pressure head.
10 front and rear sides of slabby rocks sample respectively with transparent panel 9-2 and backboard 9-4 close contact, transparent panel 9-2 and back
Plate 9-4 should have enough rigidity, it is ensured that slabby rocks sample 10 is only capable of that two-dimentional deformation occurs；10 left and right sides of slabby rocks sample
It is contacted with confining pressure oil sac 11, receives to be evenly distributed with confining pressure from the flexibility that confining pressure oil sac 11 applies；At the top of slabby rocks sample 10 and just
Property axis pressure pressure head 12 contact, stiff shaft, which is pressed, is equipped with axis pressure oil capsule 13 between pressure head 12 and the top cover 9-5 of counter-force tank tower, axis pressure oil capsule
The 13 equal cloth beam pressures generated press pressure head 12 to be applied to 10 top of slabby rocks sample by stiff shaft.Axis pressure oil capsule 13, confining pressure oil
Capsule 11 is connected by the rotary joint in high pressure sealing joint, oil pipe 7, centrifuge 3 with ground oil sources 2, is received from ground oil
The pressure in source 2.Axis pressure oil capsule 13 is externally provided with axis pressure pressure sensor 14, and confining pressure oil sac 11 is externally provided with confining pressure pressure sensor 15,
By pressure sensor to 1 feedback pressure information of control axis.
Rock load case 4 is fixed in the hanging basket of centrifuge 3, and in the rotary course of centrifuge 3, centrifugal force adds rock
It carries case 4 and slabby rocks sample 10 therein and is in the Elevated Gravity for being equivalent to N times of gravity, at this time slabby rocks sample 10
Stress distribution is identical as the prototype rock of N times of size, can simulate the load destruction, flow event of N times of rock.
Image observation device includes image acquiring device 5 (such as Canon EOS M5), light reflection unit 6 and illumination lamp bar
18, image acquisition equipment 5 is fixed on the pivoted arm of centrifuge 3, and passes through cable 8, centrifuge conducting slip ring and control axis 1
It is connected；Illumination lamp bar 18 is strip light band, is fixed on the inside of hollow out foreboard 9-1 in the hollow hole of four triangles, passes through cable
Line 8, centrifuge conducting slip ring are connected with control axis 1, receive the switch order of control axis 1, and the light issued passes through saturating
Bright foreboard 9-2 illuminates the Observable face of slabby rocks sample 10；Light reflection unit 6 is fixed in the hanging basket of centrifuge 3,
For the metal material of polishing, smooth reflecting surface and hanging basket bottom surface are in 45 degree angles, can by rock deformation in experimentation, break
Bad, flow event optical imagery is reflected within image acquiring device 5, the digital image data that image acquiring device 5 is shot
It is transferred to control axis 1, carries out Correlative data analysis.
It is a kind of to carry out hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental method using above-mentioned apparatus, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: artificial compacting or polishing sheet rock sample 10 should have different thickness specifications.Slabby rocks examination
The surface of sample is handled with coloring agent, and coloring agent is disseminated into the natural texture of rock sample and crack, so that texture is more obvious,
To facilitate image recognition and processing；
Step 2: by reaction box back-propping plate 9-4, the middle partition 9-3, the schistoid that have been charged into confining pressure oil sac 11 and connect oil circuit
Stone sample 10, transparent panel 9-2, hollow out foreboard 9-1 are successively assembled according to aforementioned device connection type and are used the second bolt 17 fixed；
Step 3: being packed into stiff shaft pressure pressure head 12, axis pressure oil capsule 13 and top cover 9-5, and connect related oil circuit；
Step 4: starting axis pressure and confining pressure equipment carry out pre-pressing to slabby rocks sample 10, and observe oil circuit pipeline to have
No leakage；
Step 5: rock load case 4 being placed into centrifugal basket, face light reflection unit 6, and imposed appropriate
Fixation means；
Step 6: image observation device being controlled by control axis 1 and observes rock load case 4, it is ensured that entire rock loads case
All within field range, the position of rock load case or image observation device is otherwise adjusted；
Step 7: such as all going well, start centrifuge 3, centrifugal force is made to reach N times of gravity of preset value (N reduced scale multiple)；
Step 8: the pressure of adjustment axis pressure and confining pressure equipment is to design value, and experiment starts, by image observation device to rock
Strain field, displacement field, crack propagation of stone sample etc. are observed, and are transmitted to control axis 1 and are carried out split and analysis；
Step 9: after experiment, pressure is reduced to 0, closes centrifuge 3, removes equipment, remove slabby rocks sample 10, and
Apparatus for examination and repair is to prepare for the next use.
Provided verbal description, attached drawing and claims can hold those skilled in the art very much according to the present invention
Easily in the case where not departing from thought and range of condition of the invention defined by claims, a variety of variations and change can be made.
All technical ideas according to the present invention and the substantive any modification carried out to above-described embodiment, equivalent variations, belong to this hair
Bright claim is within the limits of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision, which is characterized in that including control axis, ground oil sources, centrifuge,
Rock loads case, image observation device and clump weight；
The rock load case includes counter-force tank tower, slabby rocks sample, confining pressure oil sac, stiff shaft pressure pressure head and axis pressure oil capsule；
The counter-force tank tower is fixed on the hanging basket of centrifuge, including hollow out foreboard, transparent panel, middle partition, backboard and top cover；Institute
Transparent panel is stated in the inboard groove of hollow out foreboard；The hollow out foreboard, middle partition, backboard are successively rigidly connected, the top
Lid is fixed on the structural top after three's rigid connection, provides the counter-force of axis pressure；
The slabby rocks sample, confining pressure oil sac, stiff shaft pressure pressure head, axis pressure oil capsule are placed in middle partition, and five with identical
Thickness；Slabby rocks sample front and rear sides respectively with transparent panel and backboard close contact；The slabby rocks sample is left
Right two sides are contacted with confining pressure oil sac, receive to be evenly distributed with confining pressure from the flexibility that confining pressure oil sac applies；At the top of the slabby rocks sample
It is contacted with stiff shaft pressure pressure head, stiff shaft presses and is equipped with axis pressure oil capsule between pressure head and top cover, the equal cloth beam pressure that axis pressure oil capsule generates
Pressure head is pressed to be applied at the top of slabby rocks sample by stiff shaft；Drilling is reserved on the middle partition, confining pressure oil sac passes through this
Drilling connects with extraneous pipeline；
The axis pressure oil capsule, confining pressure oil sac pass through high pressure sealing joint, oil pipe, the rotary joint in centrifuge and ground oil sources phase
Even, receive the pressure from ground oil sources；
Described image observation device includes image acquiring device, illumination lamp bar and light reflection unit, described image acquisition device
It is fixed on the pivoted arm of centrifuge, is connected by cable, centrifuge conducting slip ring with control axis；The illumination lamp bar is fixed
In in the hollow hole of hollow out foreboard, it is connected by cable, centrifuge conducting slip ring with control axis；The light reflection unit
Be fixed in the hanging basket of centrifuge, reflecting surface and hanging basket bottom surface are in 45 degree of angles, by rock deformation in experimentation, destruction,
The optical imagery of flow event is reflected within image acquiring device, and the digital image data of image acquiring device shooting is transferred to
Control axis.
2. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stiff shaft
It presses pressure head two sides and middle partition to be in close contact, can not be moved left and right by the limit of middle partition, be only capable of moving up and down.
3. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the confining pressure oil
There are density and the similar dense fluids of slabby rocks sample in capsule, under hypergravity, can produce apparent confining pressure gradient, with
Practical confining pressure gradient suffered by rock prototype is corresponding.
4. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the schistoid
Confining pressure oil sac at left and right sides of stone sample is two sides symmetrical structure, applies equal pressure to slabby rocks sample in two sides.
5. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the axis pressure oil
Capsule is externally provided with axis pressure pressure sensor, and the confining pressure oil sac is externally provided with confining pressure pressure sensor, by pressure sensor to control
Central feedback pressure information.
6. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transparent panel
There is enough rigidity with backboard, it is ensured that slabby rocks sample is only capable of that two-dimentional deformation occurs.
7. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the schistoid
Stone sample is the artificial slabby rocks suppressed or polish, and the surface of slabby rocks sample is handled with coloring agent, coloring agent dip dyeing
Into the natural texture of rock sample and crack, so that texture is more obvious, to facilitate image recognition and processing.
8. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the headlamp
Item is strip light band, receives the switch order of control axis, and the light issued passes through transparent front plate, by slabby rocks sample
It illuminates in Observable face.
9. a kind of hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that load rock
Case and slabby rocks sample are in the Elevated Gravity of N times of gravity, simulate load destruction, the flow event of N times of rock.
10. a kind of carry out hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental method, feature using any one of claim 1-9 described device
It is, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: preparing slabby rocks sample；
Step 2: counter-force tank tower being fixed on the hanging basket of centrifuge；
Step 3: being fitted into rock sample and middle partition；It is packed into confining pressure oil sac, and connects related oil circuit；
Step 4: hollow out foreboard, middle partition, backboard being successively rigidly connected, transparent panel and piece rock sample are in close contact；
Step 5: being packed into stiff shaft pressure pressure head, axis pressure oil capsule and top cover, and connect related oil circuit；
Step 6: starting axis pressure and confining pressure equipment carry out pre-pressing to rock sample, and observe oil circuit pipeline whether there is or not leakage, all
After normal, axis pressure and confining pressure are reduced to 0；
Step 7: starting centrifuge makes centrifugal force reach N times of gravity of preset value, and N is reduced scale multiple；
Step 8: to design value, experiment starts the pressure of adjustment axis pressure and confining pressure equipment, is tried by image observation device rock
Strain field, displacement field, the crack propagation of sample are observed, and are transmitted to control axis；
Step 9: after experiment, pressure is reduced to 0, closes centrifuge, and apparatus for examination and repair is in case use next time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910033257.XA CN109682688B (en) | 2019-01-14 | 2019-01-14 | Hypergravity two dimension strata model experimental provision and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN110593239B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-01-15 | 浙江大学 | Deep ground engineering in-situ stress field and seepage field hypergravity simulation system |
| CN110274833B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2022-04-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | CT real-time scanning hydrate sediment flexible loading true triaxial test device |
| CN111638170B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-09-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Two-way loading fractured rock visual fracturing grouting test device and method |
| CN114562681B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-06-16 | 浙江大学 | High-centrifugal force environment high-pressure liquid conveying system of arm type centrifugal machine |
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