CN109682425A - A kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method - Google Patents
A kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682425A CN109682425A CN201910087142.9A CN201910087142A CN109682425A CN 109682425 A CN109682425 A CN 109682425A CN 201910087142 A CN201910087142 A CN 201910087142A CN 109682425 A CN109682425 A CN 109682425A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B31/00—Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating methods of mine safety Risk Monitoring technical field, step includes: 1, obtains remote sensing satellite to mine region photo in different time periods, normal library and doubtful abnormal library are filtered out, discrepancy region is found out to doubtful abnormal library；2, start threshold condition according to unmanned plane, starting unmanned plane carries out low latitude aerial survey to doubtful abnormal library, obtains two-dimensional space data information；3, start threshold condition according to three-dimensional laser, starting three-dimensional laser measures doubtful abnormal library, obtains three-dimensional space data information, establish three-dimensional space model；4, when the parameter index in three-dimensional space data information reaches threshold range, starting real time monitoring；5, it monitors abnormal index in real time, issues early warning.The present invention realizes the Tailings Dam hierarchical monitoring in a wide range of, and in time, it is quantitative, obtain Tailings Dam supplemental characteristic at low cost, early warning is carried out to risk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mine safety Risk Monitoring technical field, in particular to a kind of Tailings Dam risk sky world one
Body investigating method.
Background technique
Tailings Dam, which refers to build a dam, intercepts what the mouth of a valley or exclosure were constituted, carries out mineral selection to store up metal or non-metal mine
Tailing or the place of other industrial residues is not discharged afterwards.Tailings Dam is the artificial mud-rock flow danger source with high potential energy, is deposited
In dam break danger, once accident, be easy to cause severe and great casualty.For Tailings Dam environmental risk assessment and monitoring, China Zheng Chu
Tend to the mature stage in iterative method.
In the prior art, Tailings Dam common are using the means of monitoring: remote sensing satellite, three-dimensional laser etc..Remote sensing is defended
Star image has the advantages that a wide range of, space and time continuous, periodicity, easily acquisition and low cost, but can only obtain image data, point
Resolution is limited, lacks the detailed data for analysis；Three-dimensional laser can collect the detailed data of the slip mass there are risk, be convenient for
Quantitative analysis, but it is at high cost when monitoring range is wider, and time-consuming, and certain places are not easy to reach detection place, it is difficult to comprehensively
Grasp great system risk.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to combine the advantage of various monitoring measures, a kind of Tailings Dam risk sky Incorporate is provided
Change investigating method.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method, step include:
S1: remote sensing satellite is obtained to mine region image in different time periods, compares image information in different time periods, is sieved
Normal library and doubtful abnormal library are selected, discrepancy region is found out to the doubtful abnormal library；
S2: start threshold condition according to unmanned plane, starting unmanned plane carries out low latitude aerial survey to doubtful abnormal library, in high component
Upper progress unmanned aerial vehicle flight path planning, unmanned plane and wind direction angle are less than threshold value and handle after the aerial survey of low latitude data,
Obtain two-dimensional space data information；
S3: start threshold condition according to three-dimensional laser, starting three-dimensional laser measures doubtful abnormal library, obtains three-dimensional
Spatial data information establishes three-dimensional space model；
S4: when the parameter index in three-dimensional space data information reaches threshold range, it is determined as abnormal index, starting is real-time
Monitoring；
S5: real time monitoring abnormal index issues early warning.
The mode that starting three-dimensional laser measures doubtful abnormal library be using UAV flight's three-dimensional laser equipment into
Row measurement is measured using Three Dimensional Ground laser equipment.
Real time monitoring includes following one or more of modes: Beidou position monitor, water-level gauge monitoring, video camera monitoring.
The method for filtering out normal library and doubtful abnormal library is to compare image information in different time periods, and image information is aobvious
Show zone of indifference or have differences region area less than or equal to area discrepancy threshold value, it is believed that is normal library, works as diff area
Area is greater than area discrepancy threshold value, regards as doubtful abnormal library, finds out discrepancy region, the region of discrepancy to doubtful abnormal library
Include: the possible influence area in mining tailing wasteland range, watershed and downstream, periphery massif is checked within the scope of mining tailing wasteland whether
There are landslide, landslide and mud-rock flow；Check whether dam body has landslide, deformation；Check whether dam body has displacement；In watershed,
The profile and catchment area, measurement beach crest level for measuring watershed, have checked whether violating the regulations in the possible influence area in downstream
Building.
It is one of following situations that unmanned plane, which starts threshold condition: periphery massif has landslide, landslide or mud-rock flow；Dam body occurs
Landslide, deformation；Dam body occurs abnormal；There is newly-increased engineering activity in watershed or downstream；It is long that dry beach length is less than the dry beach of design
Degree；Need to obtain the data of Tailings Dam and surrounding enviroment.
It is one of following situations that three-dimensional laser, which starts threshold condition: slip mass, landslide body or mud-rock flow volume exceed threshold value
Range；Dam deformation exceeds threshold range；Dry beach length reaches threshold range；When needing to obtain the accurate three-dimensional dimension of dam body.
Parameter index in three-dimensional space data information includes: that initial dam footnote is high, always outer slope ratio, fill dam are total for initial dam
Outer slope ratio, dry beach length, accumulation absolute altitude, total height of dam, dry beach reverse bank.
After establishing three-dimensional space model, base area is detected a mine up to starting threshold condition, and starting ground visits radar surveying, collects ground
Radar data is visited, it is one of following situations that ground, which is detected a mine up to starting threshold condition: dam body has vertical or horizontal crack；Dam body has leakage
It escapes out a little；There is geological disaster hidden danger point on periphery.
Collecting ground and detecting a mine up to data includes: underground structure data, joint fissure data, fracture development data.
A kind of Tailings Dam integrated risk quantifies prior-warning device, including at least one processor, and at least one processing
The memory of device communication connection；Memory is stored with the instruction that can be executed by least one processor, instructs by least one
Manage device execute so that at least one processor be able to carry out it is all of above about a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration observing and controlling
Method.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the Tailings Dam hierarchical monitoring in a wide range of is realized, periodic investigation macroscopically, is being realized, microcosmic
On, and it is directed to suspicious region, high-precision data collection and quantitative analysis have been carried out, the efficiency of monitoring is improved.
2, the present invention using various monitoring measures collect data, realize it is timely, quantitative, obtain Tailings Dam at low cost
Supplemental characteristic.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is certain Tailings Dam of embodiment 1 in March, 2014,2 months 2015,2 months 2016 high score image data；
Fig. 3 is certain the Tailings Dam remote sensing satellite figure of embodiment 1 and doubtful reservoir area landslide enlarged drawing；
Fig. 4 is that certain the Tailings Dam periphery of embodiment 1 changes screening image；
Fig. 5 is that the automatic screening of 1 high score of embodiment and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data verify hidden danger contrast images；
Fig. 6 is 1 unmanned plane detailed survey hair shaft beach length image of embodiment；
Fig. 7 is 1 dam body critical parameter information Pick up Profile of embodiment arrangement；
Fig. 8 is certain the tailings warehouse dam body DEEP STRUCTURE security detection and analysis figure of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
It is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized for the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments
The range of invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is illustrated the method for the present invention by taking certain Tailings Dam as an example.
The first step obtains remote sensing satellite to mine region photo in different time periods, compares image letter in different time periods
Breath filters out normal library and doubtful abnormal library, finds out discrepancy region to the doubtful abnormal library.
Remote sensing satellite remote sensing can periodically carry out continuing observation on a surface target, and spatial resolution is better than 1m, for mine
Mountain Tailings Dam when establishing Tailings Dam data for the first time, is found on satellite-remote-sensing image picture according to the position coordinates of Tailings Dam
Image information archives for the first time are established in the position of Tailings Dam, according to the design scheme of Tailings Dam, delimit Tailings Dam observation area, packet
Include: mining tailing wasteland range, watershed and downstream may influence areas.
Later, periodically take pictures and obtain image data, shooting the period may be set to 1 year or half a year, can also according to heavy rain,
A situation arises for the geological disasters such as shake, reduces the period of filmed image data.
Fig. 2 is the high score image of certain Tailings Dam in March, 2014,2 months 2015,2 months 2016, compares adjacent three phases image number
According to changed region in image is found out in progress automatically or manually screening, filters out normal library and doubtful abnormal library, figure
As information shows indifference point or has differences region area less than or equal to diff area area threshold, such as diff area face
Product is less than or equal to the 2% of image information display area, it is believed that is normal library, when difference region area is greater than diff area area threshold
Value, such as diff area area are greater than the 2% of image information display area, regard as doubtful abnormal library.Certain Tailings Dam periphery becomes
It is as shown in Figure 4 to change screening image.For normal library, satellite-remote-sensing image picture, needle still are shot using 1 year or half a year as the period
The image of higher resolution is obtained to region of variation to doubtful abnormal library, amplifies doubtful abnormal point, carries out security even analysis,
And determine whether to carry out detailed survey using unmanned plane.The content of analysis mainly has: in mining tailing wasteland, whether range inner periphery massif has
Landslide, landslide and mud-rock flow；Whether dam body has landslide, deformation；Whether dam body has displacement；In watershed, water catchment area is measured
Whether profile and catchment area, the measurement beach crest level in domain may have the architecture against regulations in influence area in the downstream.Certain tailing
Library remote sensing satellite figure and doubtful reservoir area landslide enlarged drawing are as shown in Figure 3.
Second step starts threshold condition according to unmanned plane, and starting unmanned plane carries out low latitude aerial survey to doubtful abnormal library, in height
Unmanned aerial vehicle flight path planning is carried out on component to handle data after the aerial survey of low latitude, obtains two-dimensional space data information.
By high score striograph, can complete to check on a large scale, filter out doubtful abnormal library, to doubtful abnormal library into
When row analysis, it is limited to the resolution ratio of image, can not abnormal conditions be made with accurate judgement, it is necessary to unmanned plane is set out,
The prospecting at scene is carried out, obtains more detailed data for further analysis.The automatic screening of high score image and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data core
Real hidden danger contrast images can accurately verify hidden danger as shown in figure 5, by comparison.
When doubtful exception library region of variation has following situations generation, starting unmanned plane carries out detailed survey:
1, Tailings Dam periphery massif has landslide, landslide or mud-rock flow.Because landslide body falls into watershed, library is easily caused
Hold and reduce, water level rises, and easily dam break is caused to be breached a dyke when meeting with the bad weather of torrential rain, to the life in watershed downstream
Property safety brings great damage.
2, there is landslide, deformation in dam body.Need further to measure the volume of slip mass and the specific ruler of dam deformation
It is very little, and the reason of causing dam body to come down and deform is checked, to adopt remedial measures in time.
3, dam body occurs abnormal, such as leak, pumping equipment damage or geometric dimension have mutation.It needs live more detailed
Data collection confirms abnormal conditions, finds out the reason of generating abnormal conditions, and estimate the range and journey of anomalous effects
Degree.
4, there is newly-increased engineering activity in watershed or downstream；" Safety of Tailings Dam technical regulation (AQ2006-2005) " is right
The construction in Tailings Dam downstream has specific regulation, when there is newly-increased engineering activity, needs to carry out site inspection, collects number
According to the foundation of interference is made to newly-increased engineering activity using data and Tailings Dam design standard as notice relevant portion.
5, it does beach length and is less than the dry beach length of design.Dry beach length is the Primary Reference number in Tailings Dam relevant design standard
One of according to, it does beach length and is less than design requirement, easily cause the dam break of Tailings Dam to be breached a dyke, to the lives and properties in watershed downstream
Safety belt greatly damages.Unmanned plane detailed survey discovery length of dry sand of tailings reservoir is unsatisfactory for requiring image as shown in Figure 6.
6, when needing to obtain the data of Tailings Dam and surrounding enviroment, such as tailings warehouse dam body and whether critical facility intact, tail
The positional relationship etc. in mine library and downstream building facility.
It, can be directly enterprising in satellite-remote-sensing image figure due to having obtained the satellite-remote-sensing image data in doubtful abnormal library
Row aerial survey of unmanned aerial vehicle flight course planning accurately, when being planned, determines the takeoff point of unmanned plane so that trajectory planning is convenient, drops
Drop point, course line method and course line spacing, particularly, when considering unmanned plane during flying in trajectory planning and the angle of lateral wind,
The lateral wind effect of unmanned plane is minimum when guaranteeing flight, if unmanned plane and wind direction angle are bigger than normal, aerial photograph degree of overlapping can increase
Greatly, so that shooting result is unsatisfactory for requiring, when being compared with remote sensing satellite figure, error is larger.
Third step starts threshold condition according to three-dimensional laser, and starting three-dimensional laser measures doubtful abnormal library, logarithm
According to being handled, three-dimensional space data information is obtained, three-dimensional space model is established.
When the detailed survey information that aerial survey of unmanned aerial vehicle obtains, abnormal point is confirmed, but for the parameters of abnormal point
When index can not make accurate measurement, need to obtain the three-dimensional space data information of abnormal point, starting three-dimensional laser measures
And modeling.The mode that starting three-dimensional laser measures doubtful abnormal library is that UAV flight's three-dimensional laser equipment measures
Or Three Dimensional Ground laser equipment measures.When monitoring area area is wider, using UAV flight's three-dimensional laser equipment,
Three-dimensional space data information is obtained, three-dimensional space model is established.When monitoring area topography complexity, there is occlusion area to be not easy to nobody
When machine acquires data, measured using Three Dimensional Ground laser equipment.
It is one of following situations that three-dimensional laser, which starts threshold condition:
1, slip mass, landslide body or mud-rock flow volume exceed threshold range, 2, dam deformation exceed threshold range；3, Gan Tan
Length reaches threshold range；4, when needing to obtain the accurate three-dimensional dimension of dam body, Tailings Dam height of dam, capacity or judgement are such as calculated
Whether status is consistent with design.Threshold range described above can be set according to relevant criterion or Tailings Dam design data
It is fixed.
Information extraction is carried out to three-dimensional space data information, extracting content includes: initial dam footnote height, initial dam always outer slope
Always than, fill dam outer slope ratio, dry beach length, accumulation absolute altitude, total height of dam, dry beach reverse bank.Certain Tailings Dam three-dimensional laser data letter
Breath as shown in table 1, standard reference value when parameter value and design by comparing status, so that it may which doubtful abnormal library is determined
Amount calculates and qualitative analysis.
1 three-dimensional laser data information of table
| Classification | Status | Standard (design) |
| Initial dam footnote is high | 1551.6 | 1565 |
| The total outer slope ratio of initial dam | 1:2.17 | 1:2 |
| The total outer slope ratio of fill dam | 1:5.05 | 1:5 |
| Dry beach length (m) | 140.58 | 100 |
| It accumulates absolute altitude (m) | 1705.58 | 1725 |
| Total height of dam (m) | 135.00 | 160 |
| Dry beach reverse bank | 1.20% | 1.0% |
| Aggregate storage capacity (ten thousand m3) | - | 2991 |
4th step, when the parameter index in three-dimensional space data information reaches threshold range, starting real time monitoring.
Parameter index in three-dimensional space data information includes: that initial dam footnote is high, always outer slope ratio, fill dam are total for initial dam
Outer slope ratio, dry beach length, accumulation absolute altitude, total height of dam, dry beach reverse bank.When parameter index is more than threshold value, starting real time monitoring,
Real time monitoring includes following one or more of modes: Beidou position monitor, water-level gauge monitoring, video camera monitoring.
Above step is all the analysis and judgement made according to the appearance information of Tailings Dam, be can not rule out, and appearance information is just
Often, and in fact, abnormal conditions and security risk occurs in underground, the geologic hidden peril of underground is checked out in time, detects each underground
Structural parameters can accurately estimate risk and exception, preferably, when real time monitoring regional determination parameter is full
Sufficient subsurface investigation starts threshold condition, starts subsurface investigation, and subsurface investigation planning is carried out on three-dimensional space model, delimits underground
The region of detection, the starting point of detection, terminal, detection route, examined on the spot, collect subsurface investigation data, and examined
Survey analysis.Fig. 8 is certain tailings warehouse dam body DEEP STRUCTURE security detection and analysis figure.
Subsurface investigation starts threshold condition are as follows:
1, dam body has vertical or horizontal crack；2, dam body leaks out ease point；3, there is geological disaster hidden danger point on periphery.It splits
Stitching, leaking out ease point, geological disaster hidden danger point all is to characterize underground to have fission, easily causes the ground such as landslide, mud-rock flow, collapsing
The important phenomenon of matter disaster starts subsurface investigation, could accurately analyze the geological structure under earth's surface and geological disaster occurs
Inducement, judge the condition that geological disaster occurs, system method of real-time and early warning criterion, to speedily carry out rescue work and personnel's property
Transfer, strives for the more time.
5th step monitors abnormal index in real time, issues early warning.
Early warning includes safety coefficient, security level and corresponding region and important reference indicator: initial dam footnote height,
Total outer slope ratio, fill dam always outer slope ratio, dry beach length, accumulation absolute altitude, total height of dam, dry the beach reverse bank, aggregate storage capacity, dam body of initial dam
Displacement, vibrational waveform.Fig. 7 is dam body critical parameter information Pick up Profile arrangement, can be calculated according to key parameter and adjust the beach Hong Gan
Line, the dry bank line of warning, dangerous dry bank line issue different pre-warning signals by real time monitoring.
A kind of Tailings Dam integrated risk quantifies prior-warning device, including at least one processor, and at least one processing
The memory of device communication connection；Memory is stored with the instruction that can be executed by least one processor, instructs by least one
It manages device to execute, so that at least one processor is able to carry out above-mentioned method.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method, which is characterized in that step includes:
S1: remote sensing satellite is obtained to mine region image in different time periods, the photo in different time periods is compared, filters out
Discrepancy region is found out to the doubtful abnormal library in normal library and doubtful abnormal library；
S2: start threshold condition according to unmanned plane, starting unmanned plane carries out low latitude aerial survey to the doubtful abnormal library, in high component
Upper progress unmanned aerial vehicle flight path planning, unmanned plane and wind direction angle are less than threshold value and handle after the aerial survey of low latitude data,
Obtain two-dimensional space data information；
S3: start threshold condition according to three-dimensional laser, starting three-dimensional laser measures the doubtful abnormal library, obtains three-dimensional
Spatial data information establishes three-dimensional space model；
S4: when the parameter index in the three-dimensional space data information reaches threshold range, it is determined as abnormal index, starting is real-time
Monitoring；
S5: monitoring the abnormal index in real time, issues early warning.
2. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the starting
The mode that three-dimensional laser measures doubtful abnormal library is to be measured or adopted using UAV flight's three-dimensional laser equipment
It is measured with ground three-dimensional laser equipment.
3. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described real-time
Monitoring includes following one or more of modes: Beidou position monitor, water-level gauge monitoring, video camera monitoring.
4. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the screening
The method in normal library and doubtful abnormal library is to compare the photo in different time periods out, and the photo in different time periods is aobvious
Show zone of indifference or have differences region area less than or equal to area discrepancy threshold value, it is believed that is normal library, works as diff area
Area is greater than area discrepancy threshold value, regards as doubtful abnormal library, finds out discrepancy region, the difference to the doubtful abnormal library
The region of point includes: the possible influence area in mining tailing wasteland range, watershed and downstream, is checked within the scope of the mining tailing wasteland
Whether periphery massif has landslide, landslide and mud-rock flow；Check whether dam body has landslide, deformation；Check whether dam body has displacement；?
In the watershed, the profile and catchment area, measurement beach crest level of watershed are measured, it may the zone of influence in the downstream
The architecture against regulations has been checked whether in domain.
5. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described nobody
It is one of following situations that machine, which starts threshold condition: periphery massif has landslide, landslide or mud-rock flow；There is landslide, deformation in dam body；Dam
Body occurs abnormal；There is newly-increased engineering activity in watershed or downstream；Dry beach length, which is less than, designs dry beach length；It needs to obtain tail
The data of mine library and surrounding enviroment.
6. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the three-dimensional
It is one of following situations that laser, which starts threshold condition: slip mass, landslide body or mud-rock flow volume exceed threshold range；Dam deformation
Beyond threshold range；Dry beach length reaches threshold range；When needing to obtain the accurate three-dimensional dimension of dam body.
7. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the three-dimensional
Parameter index in spatial data information include: initial dam footnote is high, initial dam always outer slope ratio, fill dam always outer slope ratio, do beach
Length, accumulation absolute altitude, total height of dam, dry beach reverse bank.
8. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that built described
After vertical three-dimensional space model, base area is detected a mine up to starting threshold condition, and radar surveying is visited on starting ground, is collected ground and is visited radar data,
Being detected a mine describedly up to starting threshold condition is one of following situations: dam body has vertical or horizontal crack；Dam body leaks out ease point；
There is geological disaster hidden danger point on periphery.
9. a kind of Tailings Dam risk space-air-ground integration investigating method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the collection
It includes: underground structure data, joint fissure data, fracture development data that ground, which is detected a mine up to data,.
10. a kind of Tailings Dam integrated risk quantifies prior-warning device, which is characterized in that including at least one processor, and with institute
State the memory of at least one processor communication connection；The memory is stored with can be by the execution of at least one described processor
Instruction, described instruction is executed by least one described processor, so that at least one described processor is able to carry out claim 1
To method described in any one of 9.
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