CN109681283A - A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and method - Google Patents
A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109681283A CN109681283A CN201910120158.5A CN201910120158A CN109681283A CN 109681283 A CN109681283 A CN 109681283A CN 201910120158 A CN201910120158 A CN 201910120158A CN 109681283 A CN109681283 A CN 109681283A
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- container
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- counterweight
- valve
- plunger
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and methods, including counterweight plunger, the first container, low boiling working fluid, first valve, cylinder, second valve and second container, counterweight plunger is provided in cylinder, counterweight plunger head is placed with load, the first container is connected to by the first valve with cylinder, second container is connected to by the second valve with cylinder, the first container is set in cold source, second container is set in heat source, low boiling working fluid is placed with inside the first container and second container, the configuration of the present invention is simple, and Cooling and Heat Source is with ready availability, energy conservation and environmental protection, the temperature difference of 30 degrees centigrades can be converted into machinery, realize the external output work of the Cooling and Heat Source temperature difference.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of energy saving and environmental protection, specially a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and method.
Background technique
Present technology thermal gradient energy is converted into mechanical energy, needs the temperature difference big.
The temperature difference of 30 degrees centigrades can be converted into mechanical energy by the present invention, need the temperature difference small.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide filled based on a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization
It sets and method.
A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device of the invention, including counterweight plunger, the first container, low boiling working fluid,
First valve, cylinder, the second valve and second container are provided with counterweight plunger in the cylinder, and the counterweight plunger head is put
It is equipped with load, the first container is connected to by the first valve with cylinder, and the second container is connected by the second valve and cylinder
Logical, the first container is set in cold source, and second container is set in heat source, is placed inside the first container and second container
There is low boiling working fluid.
Preferably, the load is weight or machine.
Preferably, when the counterweight plunger head does not place load, the weight of counterweight plunger need to be slightly larger than low boiling working fluid
Saturated vapour pressure.
Preferably, low boiling working fluid is freon, carbon dioxide or perfluorinated butane etc..
A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization method of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) the first valve is closed, the second valve is opened；
(2) when load is weight, the low boiling working fluid in second container is heated in heat source to be vaporized counterweight plunger and load
It raises, enters step 3, when load is external mechanical, the low boiling working fluid in second container is heated in heat source to be vaporized and will push away
Dynamic counterweight plunger and promotion external mechanical operating, are directly entered step 4；
(3) load is fixed, keeps its immovable；
(4) the second valve is closed, the first valve is opened；
(5) steam vaporized enters the first container, the saturated vapor in counterweight ram compression cold source, saturated vapor liquefaction, counterweight
Plunger goes downwards to bottom, and when load is weight, load is fixed at this time, cannot decline, enter step 6, when load is external machine
When device, it is directly entered step 7；
(6) load is unclamped, externally acting is realized in decline；
(7) it repeats step 1-6 and realizes the external output work of the Cooling and Heat Source temperature difference；
(8) when the low boiling working fluid liquid evaporation in second container is complete, second container and the first container are exchanged or heat source is cold
Source repeats step 1-6 after exchanging, and realizes external output work.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the temperature difference of 30 degrees centigrades can be converted into mechanical energy by the present invention, be realized cold and hot
The external output work of the source temperature difference, and cold source and heat source all have ready availability, structure is simple, easy to make, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail by following specific embodiments and drawings for ease of explanation,.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is 1 structural schematic diagram of embodiment；
Fig. 3 is 2 structural schematic diagram of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is 3 structural schematic diagram of embodiment；
Fig. 5 is that cold source obtains schematic diagram.
In figure: 1- load；2- counterweight plunger；3- the first container；4- low boiling working fluid；The first valve of 5-；6- cylinder；7-
Two valves；8- second container；9- hydraulic oil；10- air pressure is converted into hydraulic device.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below by shown in the accompanying drawings specific
Embodiment describes the present invention.However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit model of the invention
It encloses.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, it is of the invention to avoid unnecessarily obscuring
Concept.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device of the invention, including counterweight plunger 2, the first container
3, low boiling working fluid 4, the first valve 5, cylinder 6, the second valve 7 and second container 8 are provided with counterweight plunger in the cylinder 6
2, load 1 is placed at the top of the counterweight plunger 2, the first container 3 is connected to by the first valve 5 with cylinder 6, and described second
Container 8 is connected to by the second valve 7 with cylinder 6, and the first container 3 is set in cold source, and second container 8 is set to heat source
It is interior, low boiling working fluid 4 is placed with inside the first container 3 and second container 8.
Specifically, load 1 is weight or machine, when load 1 is not placed at 2 top of counterweight plunger, the weight of counterweight plunger 2,
When cooling with cold source, slightly larger than the saturated vapour pressure of low boiling working fluid 4, low boiling working fluid 4 is freon, carbon dioxide or complete
Fluorine butane etc..
A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization method of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) the first valve is closed, the second valve is opened；
(2) when load is weight, the low boiling working fluid in second container is heated in heat source to be vaporized counterweight plunger and load
It raises, enters step 3, when load is external mechanical, the low boiling working fluid in second container is heated in heat source to be vaporized and will push away
Dynamic counterweight plunger and promotion external mechanical operating, are directly entered step 4；
(3) load is fixed, keeps its immovable；
(4) the second valve is closed, the first valve is opened；
(5) steam vaporized enters the first container, the saturated vapor in counterweight ram compression cold source, saturated vapor liquefaction, counterweight
Plunger goes downwards to bottom, and when load is weight, load is fixed at this time, cannot decline, enter step 6, when load is external machine
When device, it is directly entered step 7；
(6) load is unclamped, externally acting is realized in decline；
(7) it repeats step 1-6 and realizes the external output work of the Cooling and Heat Source temperature difference；
(8) when the low boiling working fluid liquid evaporation in second container is complete, second container and the first container are exchanged or heat source is cold
Source repeats step 1-6 after exchanging, and realizes external output work.
Embodiment 1: such as Fig. 2, a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device of the invention, including counterweight plunger 2, cylinder 6,
It is provided with counterweight plunger 2 in the cylinder 6, load 1 is placed at the top of the counterweight plunger 2, perfluor fourth is provided in cylinder 6
Alkane, cold source are set as 10 degree, and heat source is set as 15 degree.
Implementation condition: condition A
When not having load 1, when cooling with cold source, the weight of plunger and counterweight 2 is slightly larger than the saturated vapor of perfluorinated butane in cylinder 6
Pressure, because saturated vapor could be compressed into liquid in this way.0.1 square metre of 6 diameter of cylinder.
According to condition A: when 10 degree, consult reference materials 0.1603 megapascal of perfluorinated butane saturated vapour pressure, becomes relative barometric pressure
0.06 megapascal, 0.06 0.1 square metre=611.8Kg of megapascal *.
Because the weight of counterweight plunger 2 will be slightly larger than air pressure, saturated vapor could be compressed into liquid, this example plunger and match
Weigh 2 weight value 650kg.
Perfluorinated butane 4 is heated with heat source.At 15 degree of heat source, saturated vapour pressure, which consults reference materials, learns 0.19MPa.Become relatively large
0.09 megapascal of air pressure.Area is 0.1 square metre, 0.09 0.1=917.7 kilogram of megapascal * this example value 900Kg.
Load 1 heavy 900Kg-650Kg=250Kg.
The course of work:
1, with the perfluorinated butane 4 inside heat source heating cylinder 6.The vaporization of liquid perfluorinated butane, cylinder are up to top.
2, fixed load 1 is allowed to immovable.
3, with the perfluorinated butane 4 in the cooling cylinder 6 of cold source.Known by condition A, perfluorinated butane liquefaction, counterweight plunger downlink
To bottom.
4, load 1 is unclamped.The gravity of load 1 can externally do work.
One circulation terminates, and returns to original state, repeats 1234 steps, can be with continuous work.
Conclusion: pass through 10 degree and 15 degree of temperature difference.Make the load rise of 250Kg.
Quantitatively calculate below: heat source we with 20 degree of hot water, cold source is cooling with 3 degree of water, the specific heat capacity 4 of water.
15 degree of perfluorinated butane, 5 degree of temperature difference, 5 degree of temperature difference * 4.2=21KJ/Kg of specific heat capacity, this example letter are heated with 20 degree of water
20 are turned to, consult reference materials 15 degree of perfluorinated butane heat of vaporization 91.8KJ/Kg, and this example simplifies, value 100,100/20=5.
Conclusion a: i.e. 5 kilograms of hot water can make 1 kilogram of perfluorinated butane vaporization.
5 degree of temperature difference are needed when vaporization, liquefaction is also required to 5 degree of cooling.Since cooling requirement cools to again after 15 degree of liquefaction
10 degree, consult reference materials perfluorinated butane specific heat 1.12.The specific heat 4.2 of water reduces by 5 degree, 5*1.12 ÷ 4.2=1.3, this is that 1Kg water is cooling
When 1Kg perfluorinated butane, water needs reduced degree, and this example is the cooling 1Kg perfluorinated butane of 5Kg water, simplifies, this example just takes reduction
1.3 degree.5 degree of liquefaction cooling, adds 1.3 degree of the needs that cool, cooling range degree of needs 5+1.3=6.3, this example is reduced to 7
Degree, i.e. sink temperature are 10 degree and subtract 7 degree is 3 degree.
B:5 kilograms of 3 degree of cooling waters of conclusion can cool down one kilogram of perfluorinated butane.
It consults reference materials, 1534 kilogram/cubic metre of perfluorinated butane density at 15 degree, it is assumed that this example: 0.1 cubic metre of perfluorinated butane
It needs to vaporize, i.e., 153.4 kilograms, according to conclusion a, it would be desirable to use 153.4*5=767 kilogram hot water heating, our cylinders 6 are straight
0.1 square metre of diameter, volume is 0.1 cubic metre, therefore 1 meter of height of perfluorinated butane in cylinder, and 1534 gas of fluid density is close at 15 degree
Degree 20.6, expansion multiple 1534/20.6=74.5 are reduced to 74 times of expansion, therefore 74 meters of cylinder uplink.According to conclusion b, then
It is restored to the original state with 767 kilograms of cold water by cylinder 6.
Conclusion c: we allow 250 kilograms of load 1 to rise 74m with each 767 kilograms of hot water and cooling water.
767=1534 kilograms of cooling water 767+ hot water, it will be assumed that recirculated water, the high function 1534*0.5 0.5 meter, done of head=
767 kilograms * meters, * meters of total work 250*74=18500 kilogram, net work 18500-767=17733
Conclusion: concept feasible.
Embodiment 2: such as Fig. 3, increase air pressure and be converted into hydraulic device 10, because air pressure is temperature sensitive, run after increase
It can be more stable.
A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device, including load 1, counterweight plunger 2, the first container 3, low boiling working fluid 4,
First valve 5, cylinder 6, the second valve 7, second container 8, hydraulic oil 9 and air pressure are converted into hydraulic device 10, in the cylinder 6
It is provided with counterweight plunger 2, is located at below counterweight plunger 2 in cylinder 6 and is provided with hydraulic oil 9, cylinder 6 is communicated with air pressure and is converted into liquid
Pressure device 10, air pressure are converted into hydraulic device 10 and are connected with the first container 3 by the first valve 5, be connected with by the second valve 7
Second container 8, the first container 3 are set in cold source, and second container 8 is set in heat source, in the first container 3 and second container 8
Portion is placed with low boiling working fluid 4, and the method for operation is identical.
Embodiment 3: such as Fig. 4, because gas is temperature sensitive, it is excessive that the small temperature difference will lead to pressure change.Liquid is added
Pressure oil 9, system operation can be more stable.
A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device, including load 1, counterweight plunger 2, the first container 3, low boiling working fluid 4,
First valve 5, cylinder 6, the second valve 7, second container 8 and hydraulic oil 9 are provided with counterweight plunger 2 in the cylinder 6, described
Load 1 is placed at the top of counterweight plunger 2, the first container 3 is connected to by the first valve 5 with cylinder 6, the second container 8
It being connected to by the second valve 7 with cylinder 6, the first container 3 is set in cold source, and second container 8 is set in heat source, and second
Bottom is equipped with hydraulic oil 9 in container 8, and the first container 3 and 8 inner upper of second container are placed with low boiling working fluid 4.Each is followed
Ring has hydraulic oil 9 and is transferred in the first container 3 from second container 8, after recycling several times, it is only necessary to and cold source heat source exchanges,
Or the first container 3 exchanged with second container 8 it is all right, can continue realize the external output work of the Cooling and Heat Source temperature difference.
Cold source heat source it is ready availability: low-temperature heat source is easy to get such as less than 100 degree of flue gas very much, Space Heating for Waste Heat of Power Plant, various works
Industry waste heat, present most of all direct emissions.The long-term 23-29 degree of South China Sea, long-term 2-7 degree after 600 meters deep.Such as Fig. 5, only
Cold source is wanted to be located at horizontal plane hereinafter, recirculated water only needs the head (0.5-1 of people's very little because water is not had to detach the water surface
Rice), the energy of consumption is seldom.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device, it is characterised in that: including counterweight plunger, the first container, low boiling working fluid,
First valve, cylinder, the second valve and second container are provided with counterweight plunger in the cylinder, and the counterweight plunger head is put
It is equipped with load, the first container is connected to by the first valve with cylinder, and the second container is connected by the second valve and cylinder
Logical, the first container is set in cold source, and second container is set in heat source, is placed inside the first container and second container
There is low boiling working fluid.
2. a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the load is weight
Or machine.
3. a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: counterweight plunger top
Load is not placed in portion, and when cooling with cold source, the weight of counterweight plunger need to be slightly larger than the saturated vapour pressure of low boiling working fluid.
4. a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat-energy utilizing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low boiling working fluid
For freon, carbon dioxide or perfluorinated butane etc..
5. a kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) the first valve is closed, the second valve is opened；
(2) when load is weight, the low boiling working fluid in second container is heated in heat source to be vaporized counterweight plunger and load
It raises, enters step 3, when load is external mechanical, the low boiling working fluid in second container is heated in heat source to be vaporized and will push away
Dynamic counterweight plunger and promotion external mechanical operating, are directly entered step 4；
(3) load is fixed, keeps its immovable；
(4) the second valve is closed, the first valve is opened；
(5) steam vaporized enters the first container, the saturated vapor in counterweight ram compression cold source, saturated vapor liquefaction, counterweight
Plunger goes downwards to bottom, and when load is weight, load is fixed at this time, cannot decline, enter step 6, when load is external machine
When device, it is directly entered step 7；
(6) load is unclamped, externally acting is realized in decline；
(7) it repeats step 1-6 and realizes the external output work of the Cooling and Heat Source temperature difference；
(8) when the low boiling working fluid liquid evaporation in second container is complete, second container and the first container are exchanged or heat source is cold
Source repeats step 1-6 after exchanging, and realizes external output work.
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| CN201910120158.5A CN109681283A (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and method |
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| CN201910120158.5A CN109681283A (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and method |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN111551379A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-18 | 浙江大学 | Experimental platform and experimental method for energy harvesting performance of temperature difference energy capture heat engine |
| CN112360583A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-12 | 李方耀 | Temperature difference energy heat energy utilization device and method |
| CN112392673A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-23 | 李方耀 | Heat energy utilization device and method |
| CN112459856A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-03-09 | 钟学斌 | Prime motor, acting method and water turbine unit |
| CN115628121A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-01-20 | 李方耀 | Novel temperature difference energy heat energy utilization device and use method thereof |
| WO2024174579A1 (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2024-08-29 | 赵尉 | Thermoelectric power generation apparatus |
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| WO2021104540A1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-03 | 钟学斌 | Prime mover and work-doing method and a water turbine group |
| CN112459856A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-03-09 | 钟学斌 | Prime motor, acting method and water turbine unit |
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| CN112360583A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-12 | 李方耀 | Temperature difference energy heat energy utilization device and method |
| CN112392673A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-23 | 李方耀 | Heat energy utilization device and method |
| CN115628121A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-01-20 | 李方耀 | Novel temperature difference energy heat energy utilization device and use method thereof |
| WO2024174579A1 (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2024-08-29 | 赵尉 | Thermoelectric power generation apparatus |
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