CN108533345A - A kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source - Google Patents
A kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source Download PDFInfo
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- CN108533345A CN108533345A CN201810071241.3A CN201810071241A CN108533345A CN 108533345 A CN108533345 A CN 108533345A CN 201810071241 A CN201810071241 A CN 201810071241A CN 108533345 A CN108533345 A CN 108533345A
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- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- float
- low
- heat source
- temperature heat
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source, which solve the shortcoming of existing Movers inefficiency in the case of low-temperature heat source, provide it is a kind of using working medium at different temperatures the characteristic of variable density, can be by new technology that thermal energy Efficient Conversion is mechanical energy under working medium not phase change conditions.The present invention includes the interior container for having liquid working substance, and container is equipped with inner wall and changes in temperature heat-exchanger rig, is provided with liquid level regulation apparatus on container, float is soaked in liquid working substance, positioning column is cased in float, float is moved up and down along the direction that positioning column limits.Temperature of Working is caused alternately to change by heat source and low-temperature receiver in turn in changes in temperature heat-exchanger rig, density also alternately changes, and float is made to pump.
Description
One, technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of motility devices suitable for low-temperature heat source, and in particular to a kind of to utilize low-temperature heat source for energy
Its energy conversion is to do work to provide the engine of reciprocating motion by amount source.
Two, background technology：
Any Movers are required for the energy as input, and the common energy has waterpower, wind-force, gasoline etc., wherein using
Heat source is most commonly used machinery, such as internal combustion engine, steam engine as the Movers of input energy sources, can be realized thermal energy
It is converted into mechanical energy, but requires that the temperature of heat source is very high in reality, requiring can at least be such that working medium is converted from liquid
For gaseous state, therefore applicable cases are undesirable in actual use for 90 DEG C of heat sources below, but this heat source is often most common
Heat source, such as hot dry rock, underground heat, coal tail gas, the technical problem underlying encountered with these heat resource power generations be exactly be difficult real
Existing phase transformation, can not use steam engine or Stirling-electric hybrid.The author has made intensive studies this problem, identification must abandon phase transformation this
A requirement, can only no phase transformation this under the conditions of realize externally acting.By the investigation and comparison of multiple schemes, discovery leads to nothing
The main reason for mechanical efficiency is low under phase change conditions is that heat transfer process is too slow, so that extremely inefficient：If there is phase transformation, phase
What working medium absorbed when change is latent heat, and temperature is invariable, the temperature difference that can be kept constant with heat source, therefore heat transfer substantially can
Keep higher efficiency, and without phase-change when Temperature of Working constantly rise, constantly reduced with the temperature difference of heat source, heat conduction efficiency
It is lower and lower, so that not having high efficiency necessary to reach business.
Solve the problems, such as that this main method is the fluent material found low temperature and be capable of phase transformation both at home and abroad at present, but it is this
Material is all very sensitive to pressure, and pressure change may result in boiling point and change, therefore its application conditions is very harsh, to temperature
Variation range constraint it is too many.Therefore the new operation principle for being not based on phase transformation is found for solving the problems, such as that this is necessary.
Three, invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source, and which solve existing Movers
The shortcoming of inefficiency in the case of low-temperature heat source, using the characteristic of working medium variable density at different temperatures, in work
Thermal energy Efficient Conversion can be not mechanical energy under phase change conditions by matter.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source, it is characterised in that：Including the interior container for having liquid working substance, container is set
There are an inner wall and changes in temperature heat-exchanger rig, when changes in temperature heat-exchanger rig temperature change can cause inner wall temperature to change, and be soaked in liquid working substance
Float is cased with positioning column 3 in float, and float is moved up and down along the direction that positioning column limits.
Liquid level regulation apparatus is provided on container.
If the variation function of the density with temperature of liquid working substance is ρ (T), ρ (T)=ρ during operation0(1-α(T-T0)),
Wherein T is the mean temperature of liquid working substance, and T0 is room temperature, and α is the coefficient of cubical expansion, ρ0For liquid working substance room temperature when density.
If the weight of float is G, the cross-sectional area of float is S, and the depth immersed in liquid working substance is H (T), G=SH (T)
ρ(T)g
Wherein g is acceleration of gravity.
Immerse the depth in liquid working substance
The depth that float enters liquid working substance changes with the variation of Temperature of Working, if Temperature of Working is up to Tmax, minimum
For Tmin, then the depth of float is in H (Tmax) and H (Tmin) between change, liquid level regulation apparatus makes the liquid when Temperature of Working changes
The distance of identity distance from the ground is constant, and float is Δ H=H with respect to the height change on ground during Temperature of Working changes
(Tmax)-H(Tmin), it is W'=G Δ H in the theoretical value that a process of rising or falling is externally done work, if delivery efficiency is η, then
The actual value that float externally does work in a cycle is
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and effect：
It is theoretical minimum, the working medium of the part in the part and crack only overflowed that the present invention, which needs the working medium amount heated,
It needs to heat, therefore its efficiency of utilization is highest；Since heating is directed to the work in the crack of container inner wall
Matter, crack very little, quickly, Temperature of Working almost can be synchronous with the temperature inside container, therefore its exchange rate for heating
It is highest；Due to features described above, as long as temperature alternating cycles are short enough in cold/warm heat-exchanger rig, the output work of this engine
Rate can reach very high degree, and the power of high quality heat motive power machine is not weaker than in the case where equal heat quantity supplies,
But cheap or even free low-temperature heat source may be used as input in engine of the present invention, and operating cost is much lower, and
And it is environmentally protective, meet the developing direction of generation technology so that power equipment of the present invention is standby and high quality heat motive power machine into
The ability of row commercial competition.The low-temperature heat source engine put into commercial operation at present is all using low temperature phase change liquid as work
The practical application of matter, many decades proves that efficiency is very low, and operating cost is too high, can not popularize on a large scale, the present invention is broken away from
The operation principle of traditional power machine, due to not having phase transformation that structure is caused significantly to simplify, operating cost significantly declines, and makes low temperature
Heat resource power generation technology economically has commercial competitiveness.
Four, it illustrates：
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
In figure, 1- containers, 2- floats, 3- positioning columns, 4- liquid working substances, 5- liquid level regulation apparatus, 6- changes in temperature heat-exchanger rigs.
Five, specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention, but not to this hair
Bright limitation, it is any without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention to made by above example
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
The present invention includes the interior container 1 for having liquid working substance 4, and container 1 is equipped with inner wall and changes in temperature heat-exchanger rig 6, changes in temperature heat exchange
Inner wall temperature can be caused to change when 6 temperature change of device, liquid level regulation apparatus 5 is provided on container 1, is soaked in liquid working substance 4
Float 2 is cased with positioning column 3 in float 2, and float 2 is moved up and down along the direction that positioning column 3 limits.In changes in temperature heat-exchanger rig 6
In turn by heat source and low-temperature receiver, Temperature of Working is caused alternately to change, density also alternately changes, and float 2 is made to pump.
Embodiment：
The present invention be it is a kind of suitable for low-temperature heat source generate power power plant, structure include in have liquid working substance
4 container 1, container 1 are equipped with inner wall and cold/warm heat-exchanger rig 6, and when changes in temperature 6 temperature change of heat-exchanger rig can lead to inner wall temperature
Change, liquid level regulation apparatus 5 is additionally provided on container 1.Cold/warm heat-exchanger rig 6 of container 1 leads to hot-fluid in a period, separately
One period leads to cold flow, therefore the temperature of the inner wall of container 1 is made alternately to change between high temperature and low temperature, if inner wall temperature is most
It is a height ofIt is minimumLiquid working substance 4 is marked in container 1, the working medium 4 is discrepant with density at different temperature
Characteristic usually has ρ (T)=ρ if the variation function of the density with temperature of liquid working substance 4 is ρ (T) during operation0(1-α
(T-T0)), wherein T0=20 DEG C are room temperature, and α is the coefficient of cubical expansion, ρ0For 4 room temperature of liquid working substance when density.The present invention wants
α is asked to be the bigger the better.
Float 2 is soaked in liquid working substance 4, if the cross-sectional area of float 2 is S, the depth immersed in liquid working substance 4 is H
(T), wherein T is the mean temperature of liquid working substance 4, and positioning column 3 is cased in float 2, what float 2 can only be limited along positioning column 3
Direction moves up and down.
The present invention the course of work be：
The present invention needsSink temperature isStream
Body should be able to be in turn through supercooling/warm heat-exchanger rig 6, and cold/warm heat-exchanger rig 6 can deliver heat to container 1, make the interior wall temperature of container 1
Degree is in [t0,t1) fill hot-fluid in the period and be allowed to from temperatureIt rises toIn [t1,t2) cold in the period/warm heat-exchanger rig
6 fill hot-fluid is with the inner wall temperature of holding container 1In [t2,t3) cold in the period/warm heat-exchanger rig 6 fills cold flow and make container
1 inner wall temperature fromDrop toIn [t3,t4) period is cold/warm heat-exchanger rig 6 in fill cold flow with holding container 1
Inner wall temperature isThen above step is repeated.
Operation principle is analyzed as follows：
If the weight of float 2 is G, had according to buoyancy formula
G=SH (T) ρ (T) g ... ... ... ... ... (1)
Wherein g is acceleration of gravity.
Therefore have
It can be seen that the depth that float 2 enters liquid working substance 4 changes with the variation of Temperature of Working, if Temperature of Working is most
A height of Tmax, minimum Tmin, then the depth of float 2 is in H (Tmax) and H (Tmin) between change, if liquid level regulation apparatus 5 can
Ensure that liquid level is constant apart from the distance on ground when Temperature of Working changes, then float 2 is opposite during Temperature of Working changes
The height change on ground is Δ H=H (Tmax)-H(Tmin), it is W'=in the theoretical value that a process of rising or falling is externally done work
G Δ H, if delivery efficiency is η, then the actual value that float 2 externally does work in a cycle is
According to above-mentioned formula, draw the following conclusions：
(1) coefficient of cubical expansion α of liquid working substance 4 is answered as large as possible, and this liquid is more, recommends to use olive oil,
Edible oil can also be used；
(2)Tmax-TminWant as large as possible in section at the appointed time, therefore thermal conduction rate is extremely important, to understand
Certainly this problem needs the distance between 2 outer wall of float and 1 inner wall of container δ (i.e. crack) short as much as possible, it is desirable that δ≤2cm,
δ even can be arranged to only have several millimeters, no matter the inner wall temperature of container 1 is how many in this way, almost without how long poor, liquid
Working medium 4 will be consistent with the inner wall temperature of container 1, this is one of the main points for improving the thermal efficiency of the present invention；
(3) during external acting, since liquid level position is constant, liquid working substance 4 needs discharge or sucking is a certain amount of
Liquid working substance could realize that the quality of the working medium of discharge/sucking is Δ m1=S ρ (Tmax)H(Tmax)-Sρ(Tmin)H(Tmin)≈
Sρ0In addition Δ H, this part working medium all also can have liquid working substance by heating/refrigerating between 1 inner wall of 2 outer wall of float and container
Can be by heating/refrigerating, if 1 inner wall Zhou Changwei L of container, the quality of this partially liq working medium is Δ m2=δ L ρ0H(Tmax), therefore have
Δ m=Δs m1+Δm2=S ρ0ΔH+δLρ0H(Tmax), quality m=S ρ when completely being filled compared to container 10H(T0), Δ m wants small
Much, the smaller working medium quality for being intended to just heat of Δ m is fewer, and the heat of heat exchange is fewer, and efficiency will be higher, this
It is one of the main points for improving the thermal efficiency of the present invention；
(4) size and G externally done work2It is in direct ratio, therefore the weight of float 2 is bigger, efficiency of the invention is higher,
Due to there is G=S ρ0H(T0) g, it can be by improving the 2 depth H (T of float under the cross-sectional area S of float 2, room temperature0) done to improve
Effect rate；
(5) the present invention claims the quality Δ m in 4 temperature change of liquid working substance, being discharged or sucking will not lead to liquid level
The fluctuation of position, this requirement can realize that this device has many realization methods, simplest by liquid level regulation apparatus 5
Mode is as shown in Figure 1, be the sufficiently large disk-like structure of a surface area, bottom surface product is set as S*, is Δ m's when there is quality
When the into or out plate of liquid working substance 4, fluctuating range, which is Δ h=Δ m/S*, can control Δ h when S* is sufficiently large
System to a very small extent, is equivalent to liquid level and does not fluctuate.In addition to this can also in such a way that two this engines are in parallel,
Heating up when one, another just cools down, and lacks in the engine of liquid working substance when the liquid working substance 4 having more is flowed into another,
Ensure that liquid level is constant；
(6) it is limited by positioning column 3, float 2 can only move up and down, and the work(that float 2 externally exports can be filled by generating electricity
It sets and is converted into electric energy, this conversion process is substantially that the acting that will be moved back and forth switchs to the energy for other forms, is had very much
Kind realization method, such as copper wire is wound on positioning column 3, magnetic field is equipped with inside float 2, when float 2 moves up and down, positioning column 3
On will induce electric current；
(7) in order to shorten the heating/refrigerating time, the flow velocity of low-temperature receiver/heat source should be as fast as possible in cold/warm heat-exchanger rig, because
This needs to optimize for the time, to reach power maximum.
The present invention provides a completely new operation principles to convert heat into mechanical energy, and the method for having broken away from phase transformation is adopted
With the method for the present invention can heating working medium as quickly as possible, and need the working medium quality heated seldom, heat exchange is also very fast,
Solve the technological difficulties of current low-temperature heat source engine, therefore the method for the present invention has had been provided with the energy of heat source inferior
The ability for being converted into electric energy is extracted, efficiency can reach very high degree.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source, it is characterised in that：Including the interior container (1) for there are liquid working substance (4), hold
Device (1) is equipped with inner wall and changes in temperature heat-exchanger rig (6), and float (2) is soaked in liquid working substance (4), positioning column is cased in float (2)
(3), float (2) is moved up and down along the direction that positioning column (3) limits.
2. a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Container is set on (1)
It is equipped with liquid level regulation apparatus (5).
3. a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：If during operation
The variation function of the density with temperature of liquid working substance (4) is ρ (T), ρ (T)=ρ0(1-α(T-T0)), wherein T is liquid working substance (4)
Mean temperature, T0For room temperature, α is the coefficient of cubical expansion, ρ0For liquid working substance (4) room temperature when density.
4. a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
If the weight of float (2) is G, the cross-sectional area of float (2) is S, and the depth immersed in liquid working substance (4) is H (T), G=
SH(T)ρ(T)g
Wherein g is acceleration of gravity.
5. a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Immerse liquid working substance
(4) depth in
6. a kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
The depth that float (2) enters liquid working substance (4) changes with the variation of Temperature of Working, if Temperature of Working is up to Tmax, most
Low is Tmin, then the depth of float 2 is in H (Tmax) and H (Tmin) between change, liquid level regulation apparatus (5) so that Temperature of Working become
Distance of the liquid level apart from ground is constant when change, and float (2) is Δ H with respect to the height change on ground during Temperature of Working changes
=H (Tmax)-H(Tmin), it is W'=G Δ H in the theoretical value that a process of rising or falling is externally done work, if delivery efficiency is η,
The actual value that then float (2) externally does work in a cycle is
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810071241.3A CN108533345A (en) | 2018-01-25 | 2018-01-25 | A kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810071241.3A CN108533345A (en) | 2018-01-25 | 2018-01-25 | A kind of Movers suitable for low-temperature heat source |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109681283A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 李方耀 | A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2470567Y (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-01-09 | 中国科学院低温技术实验中心 | Micro-system energy driving apparatus using low-temp. working-medium expansion to work |
| US20030033806A1 (en) * | 2001-08-16 | 2003-02-20 | Bittner George E. | Apparatus and method for a heat engine field of the invention |
| CN101476495A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-07-08 | 龙创信恒（北京）科技有限公司 | Liquid thermal expansion power generation method and device |
| CN103857907A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-06-11 | 纳尼克·蒂拉特·穆尔詹达尼 | Energy device |
-
2018
- 2018-01-25 CN CN201810071241.3A patent/CN108533345A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2470567Y (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-01-09 | 中国科学院低温技术实验中心 | Micro-system energy driving apparatus using low-temp. working-medium expansion to work |
| US20030033806A1 (en) * | 2001-08-16 | 2003-02-20 | Bittner George E. | Apparatus and method for a heat engine field of the invention |
| CN101476495A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-07-08 | 龙创信恒（北京）科技有限公司 | Liquid thermal expansion power generation method and device |
| CN103857907A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-06-11 | 纳尼克·蒂拉特·穆尔詹达尼 | Energy device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109681283A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 李方耀 | A kind of low temperature thermal gradient energy heat energy utilization device and method |
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Application publication date: 20180914 |