CN109680722B - Construction method for directly reserving external building access port on basement outer wall - Google Patents
Construction method for directly reserving external building access port on basement outer wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN109680722B CN109680722B CN201910067088.1A CN201910067088A CN109680722B CN 109680722 B CN109680722 B CN 109680722B CN 201910067088 A CN201910067088 A CN 201910067088A CN 109680722 B CN109680722 B CN 109680722B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/16—Arrangement or construction of joints in foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/025—Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for directly reserving an external building access port on an external wall body of a basement. The first stage is as follows: when the basement exterior wall is constructed, sequentially binding a wall steel reinforcement framework, installing a water stop steel plate at a reserved hole, an outward protruding steel reinforcement framework, erecting a wall template and the like, and pouring exterior wall concrete; after the wall form is dismantled and cleaned, pouring low-grade concrete to form a complete reserved external building reserved opening area; and finally, backfilling the earthwork of the foundation pit. And a second stage: according to the position of the external building, a foundation pit is excavated at the reserved external building part of the basement outer wall, the auxiliary buildings with reserved holes are sequentially completed and dismantled, then waterproof and waterproof protective layers are sequentially operated, and then the reinforcing steel bars, water-stop steel plates, templates and concrete pouring construction of the external building is completed according to the conventional underground building construction method; and finally, conventionally completing the waterproof and waterproof protective layer and the earth backfill of the external building. The invention aims to solve the problem of compaction of earth backfill at the lower part of a pre-buried building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method for directly reserving an external building access port on an external wall body of a basement.
Background
In the current buildings, underground engineering is more and more widely applied, and the size of basements is larger and larger; the basement is generally planned once and implemented in multiple times.
In the conventional basement, a racking method is provided in the design of one-time planning and multi-time implementation, namely, a structure vertical to a wall surface is attached to an outdoor wall of the basement, and then an access port of an external building is arranged at the end of the attached structure. The horizontal length of a structure perpendicular to the wall surface is 300-500 mm, and a rubber water stop is usually reserved at the joint.
According to a conventional method, an access opening of an external building is reserved on the outer wall of a basement, so that the earthwork on the lower portion of an overhanging structure is not filled back, a pre-buried rubber waterstop is long in time and easy to age, and the like. Although construction units take various measures, it is still difficult to completely solve the problem. Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed to solve the above problems at the construction site.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a construction method for directly reserving an external building access port on an external wall of a basement, which comprises the following steps:
(1): binding the steel reinforcement framework of the basement exterior wall according to a conventional method;
(2): according to the design requirement, the reserved hole position is calibrated, and when the reinforcing steel bar framework of the basement external wall panel is bound, the position reserved with the external hole needs to be identified so as to facilitate the next operation. Installing a water stop steel plate to make relevant preparation work for next joint;
(3): installing the convex structural steel bars according to the design requirement; installing a double-layer wire mesh for separation;
(4): filling a space (surrounded by the wire netting) on the inner side of the water stop steel plate with a substance; installing a template and a peripheral structure thereof;
(5): pouring concrete on the outer wall of the basement; and pouring all vertical wall column concrete on the same layer of the basement and top plate beam concrete on the layer.
(6): removing the template and the peripheral structure thereof according to a conventional method; emptying the space inside the water stop steel plate (surrounded by the wire netting) and filling materials;
(7): erecting a template for secondary pouring of low-grade concrete; pouring low-grade concrete; the concrete on the inner side of the embedded steel plate needs to be broken off in later construction so as to be convenient to break and dismantle, and C15 concrete can be poured.
(8): after the defect repair of the basement outer wall is finished, the construction of the waterproof coiled material and the waterproof coiled material protective layer is finished in sequence; and ramming the backfill soil layer by layer.
(9): and (4) excavating a foundation pit (with elevation, horizontal position and slope relief) according to the designed position of the external building area.
(10): and pouring a concrete cushion according to the designed position of the external building area.
(11): and removing the related contents of the reserved building, including the waterproof coiled material, the waterproof coiled material protective layer and the reinforced concrete structure, so as to meet the construction requirements of the external building.
(12): according to a conventional method, a waterproof coiled material layer, a waterproof coiled material protective layer, a reinforced concrete bottom plate externally connected with a building and a guide wall on the side edge are sequentially completed, and the steps of binding steel bars, erecting a template and new and old joint racking treatment are included.
(13): concrete pouring of the external building reinforced concrete bottom plate and the guide wall on the side edge is completed according to a conventional method, and the concrete pouring comprises joint processing between new and old concrete;
(14): finishing the construction of reinforcing steel bars and formworks of external building reinforced concrete roofs and wallboards according to a conventional method, wherein the construction comprises the step of jointing new and old structures;
(15): completing the concrete construction of the external reinforced concrete roof and the external reinforced concrete wallboard according to a conventional method;
(16): the construction of dismantling the templates of the external reinforced concrete roof and the wallboard of the building is completed according to the conventional method;
(17): and finishing the construction of an external waterproof coiled material, a waterproof coiled material protective layer and the construction of earth backfill of the external building according to a conventional method.
Furthermore, an external joint is reserved on the vertical surface of the basement outer wall. Connect the raft for the basement carries out external reservation construction in order to make things convenient for, connect the position that connects the raft in addition and mark and reserve mouthful position coincidence. But the external connection racking port is larger than each side of the calibration reserved port by 200 mm.
Further, in the steps (11) to (16), the reinforced concrete structure and the attached building content of the access point of the external building reserved in the vertical direction of the outer wall of the pre-cast basement are dismantled, and then the external building part is sequentially accessed.
Further, after the step (16) is finished, earth compaction and backfilling are carried out on the foundation pit part.
According to the invention, the reserved opening is reserved on the vertical surface of the outer wall of the basement, the external building construction is carried out, the auxiliary building at the reserved opening is firstly dismantled, and then the external building is accessed, so that the compaction problem of earth backfill at the lower part of the pre-buried building is solved, the aging of the rubber waterstop is avoided, and the access requirements of the basement and the external building of the basement are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the reinforcement cage for the outer side surface of the basement.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the outer side of the basement externally connected with a water stop steel plate for a reserved opening of a building.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the completion of the embedded super-convex joint bars of the external connection of the outer side of the basement with the reserved opening of the building.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the external connection of the outer side surface of the basement with the steel bar formwork of the reserved opening of the building.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the completion of one-time concrete pouring at a building reserved hole externally connected to the outer side surface of the basement.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the completion of secondary low-grade concrete pouring outside the underground chamber from the side to the reserved opening of the building.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the completion of earth backfilling at the external connection of the outer side surface of the basement to the reserved opening of the building.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the excavation completion of a foundation pit of a building externally connected to the outer side surface of the basement.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the concrete for the outer side of the basement and the building bottom slab.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the external building reserved opening on the outer side surface of the basement in the invention after being removed.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the outer side of the basement externally connected with the reinforcing steel bars and the formwork of the building bottom plate.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the completion of concrete pouring of the external building bottom plate of the outer side surface of the basement.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the outer side of the basement externally connected with a building top plate, a wallboard template and a reinforcing steel bar.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the concrete pouring of the building roof and the wall plate externally connected to the outer side surface of the basement.
In the figure, 1, a basement exterior wall steel reinforcement framework, 2, a water-stop steel plate embedded line, 3, a water-stop steel plate, 4, a water-stop steel plate and short steel bar welding point, 5, a convex structural steel reinforcement framework, 6, a double-layer wire mesh, 7, a wood plywood, 8, a water-stop screw rod, 9, a wood purlin, 10, loose materials, 11, underground exterior wall concrete 12, a waterproof layer, 13, a waterproof protective layer, 14, reserved opening low-grade concrete, 15, an external building concrete cushion layer, 16, a convex concrete structure cutting surface, 17, a steel bar cutting mark line, 18, reserved opening wall steel bars, 19, a guide wall joint position line, 20, external building bottom plate waterproof, 21, an external building bottom plate waterproof protective layer, 22, external building bottom plate concrete, 23, an external roof building bottom template, 24, an external building roof secondary keel, 25 and an external building roof main keel, 26. the external building template support frame 27, the external building roof steel reinforcement framework 28, the external building roof concrete 29, the building roof upper plane line 30, the water stop steel plate II.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a construction method for directly reserving an external building access port on an external wall of a basement, which is characterized in that when the external wall of the basement is constructed, a reinforcement cage 1 of the external wall of the basement is bound firstly.
As shown in fig. 1, the binding of the reinforcement cage 1 of the basement exterior wall is completed by a conventional method. A water stop steel plate embedded line 2 is arranged on the basement exterior wall steel reinforcement framework 1. After the upper and lower water stop steel plates and the left and right water stop steel plates are welded, a quadrilateral hole is formed. The water stop steel plate pre-buried line 2 is vertical to the concrete surface of the external joint.
As shown in fig. 2, on the finished basement exterior wall steel reinforcement framework 1, according to the calibrated size of the reserved hole, the external joint hole size is accurately positioned, each side of the side length of the external joint hole is larger than the side length of the reserved hole by more than 200 mm, and a water stop steel plate 3 is embedded. And the water stop steel plate 3 is welded to the basement outer wall steel reinforcement framework 1 through the water stop steel plate and the short steel reinforcement welding point 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the reinforcement cage 5 with the convex structure is bound on the outer side surface of the reserved hole, and the reinforcement cage 5 with the convex structure is adopted for ensuring the later construction quality of the externally-connected racking hole.
As shown in fig. 4, a double-layer wire netting 6 is bound on the periphery of the reserved hole, and loose materials 10 are filled in the low-grade concrete area to prevent high-grade concrete from permeating; and (4) finishing the support and reinforcement of the basement exterior wall template according to the conventional method. The template clinging to the concrete wall surface is a wood plywood 7 with the thickness of 18mm, and the wood ridge at the back of the external wall template is a wood balk 9 with the thickness of 50 x 100 mm. The water stop screw 8 sequentially penetrates through the wood purlin 9, the wood plywood 7 and the basement exterior wall steel reinforcement framework 1 to be fastened in a counter-pulling mode. After the reinforcement of the basement outer wall is finished, a formwork is erected, and finally the water stop screw 8 of the counter-pull screw is used for fastening. Because the basement outer wall involves the hidden danger of probably leaking, set up the split screw with stagnant water wing ring according to the regulation, for guaranteeing basement concrete wall plate's thickness, still cushioned concrete support bar between the template.
As shown in fig. 5, a cavity is formed between the wood plywood 7 and the basement exterior wall steel reinforcement framework 1 and the double-layer wire netting 6. And injecting the low-grade concrete into the cavity, wherein the compactness of the low-grade concrete is required to be ensured in the injection process. And (5) completing concrete pouring and formwork stripping of the basement outer wall to form the basement outer wall framework filled with loose materials 10 in the reserved hole area.
As shown in fig. 6, loose materials 10 in the double-layer wire netting 6 of the reserved opening area are cleaned, and then a template is supported; low-grade concrete is poured into the cavity in the double-layer wire netting 6. The compactness of the low-grade concrete needs to be ensured in the injection process. And removing and cleaning the template to form the underground outer wall concrete 11 with the reserved hole low-grade concrete 14.
As shown in fig. 7, a waterproof layer 12 is coated on the exterior of the underground exterior wall concrete 11, and after the waterproof layer 12 is constructed, a waterproof protective layer 13 is provided on the exterior of the waterproof layer 12 to protect the waterproof layer. After the waterproof and waterproof protective layer of the basement outer wall is constructed; and backfilling the earthwork of the foundation pit.
As shown in fig. 8, a foundation pit is excavated at the external building site to form a complete foundation pit.
As shown in the figure
As shown, an external building concrete pad 15 is poured over the external building floor.
As shown in the figure
As shown, establish evagination concrete structure cutting plane 16 at double-deck wire netting 6 upper and lower both ends department, after chiseling the proud concrete structure, appear keeping a cutting plane between concrete structure, its surface is concave-convex, the concrete joint construction of being convenient for. According to the position of external combed entrance, the sign line 17 that two reinforcing bars cut off is decided out according to the requirement of double-deck wire netting 6 and reinforcing bar overlap joint length, demolishs, clears up the work such as outer convex part and the low-grade concrete that external building reserved the entrance to a cave along evagination concrete structure cutting plane 16. And after cleaning, exposing the wall reinforcing steel bars 18 of the reserved hole. After sundries such as concrete at the reserved external racking part are cleaned, the reserved hole wall body steel bar 18 is exposed. The reserved hole wall body steel bars 18 are adjusted, cut or bent to be connected with the steel bar framework of the rear connection part after being exposed, so that a complete whole is formed.
As shown in the figure
As shown, a guide wall construction joint position line 19 is arranged above the external building concrete cushion 15, and a leveling layer, an external building bottom plate waterproof layer 20, an external building bottom plate waterproof protective layer 21, a bottom plate steel bar binding layer and a template supporting layer are sequentially arranged on the external building concrete cushion 15. The external building concrete cushion layer 15 is used for meeting the requirements of subsequent waterproof layer construction and reinforced concrete construction.
As shown in the figure
And as shown, external building bottom plate concrete 22 is poured on the external building bottom plate waterproof protective layer 21, side wall guide concrete is poured according to the position line 19 of the wall guide construction joint, and joints between new and old concrete are processed. When carrying out external partial construction in the later stage, set up stagnant water steel sheet two 30 in the construction joint department of external building bottom plate concrete 22 and left and right sides guide wall concrete, satisfy the waterproof requirement of joint construction. The joint of the water stop steel plate 3 and the water stop steel plate 30 is connected by welding, the installation method of the water stop steel plate II 30 is the same as that of the water stop steel plate 3, and the difference is that the water stop steel plate II is totally a double-layer wire netting and has no loosenessBulk material 10 area, and joint between new and old concrete is processed. The second water stop steel plate 30 is a water stop measure of the horizontal construction joint of the external building vertical structure wall column, and is used for solving the waterproof problem of the joint of the pre-cast concrete and the post-cast concrete of the external building.
As shown in the figure
And the external building roof, the side wall steel bar binding and the template supporting are shown. An upper building roof plane line 29 is arranged above the external building bottom plate concrete 22, an external building template support frame 26 is erected, an external building roof main keel 25 is arranged on the external building template support frame 26, and an external building roof secondary keel 24 is arranged on the external building roof main keel 25; and paving an external building top plate bottom template 23 of the top plate on the external building top plate secondary keel 24. Meanwhile, an external building template support frame 26 is used as an operation table, firstly, reinforcing steel frameworks of wall boards on the left side and the right side of an external building are bound, and then, an external building top plate reinforcing steel framework 27 is bound on a bottom template 23 of an external building top plate; and supporting and reinforcing templates at two sides of the wallboards at the left and right sides of the external building. The split bolts are welded with the external building roof steel bar framework 27 and the basement outer wall steel bar framework 1 and then used for fixing the inner side template of the basement outer wall.
As shown in the figure
As shown, concrete is poured into the external building roof steel reinforcement framework 27 to finish the pouring of external building roof concrete 28, and meanwhile, a template and a support frame are erected between the external building roof bottom template 23 and the external building bottom plate concrete 22 to finish the pouring of side wall concrete. And (4) dismantling and cleaning the external building top plate bottom template 23, the external building template support frame 26 and the templates and the support frames of the side walls.
In the underground engineering construction, the basement is generally planned once and implemented in a grading way, so that the differences of different functional areas are solved, the contradictions of engineering land occupation, fund raising and the like can also be solved, and the underground construction method is a feasible organization construction method. The construction method can be summarized into two major construction methods in a macroscopic view, namely: the construction method of the basement exterior wall early reserved hole period is the first major step, and the construction method of the external building and the basement exterior wall connection is the second major step.
The first major construction method is to reserve a hole meeting the external building size on the underground outdoor wall, and embed the water-stop steel plate on the periphery of the hole by referring to the method of embedding the water-stop steel plate in the waterproof concrete. The outer side of the pre-buried opening is provided with an outward protruding structure by referring to a method of exceeding a front pouring belt and a rear pouring belt, so that the earthwork backfill of the foundation pit constructed in the early stage is thoroughly solved. The concrete with low marks is filled in the reserved opening area, so that the problem of corrosion of the water stop steel plate and the steel bar is solved, and the wall use and impression effect during the reserved storage period is also solved.
And the second major step of construction method is that when the external building construction is carried out according to requirements, the low-grade concrete of the basement wall surface with the externally protruding structure and the reserved hole area is removed, and the works of cleaning, welding, slurry connection and the like are carried out according to the conventional new and old reinforced concrete joint method, so that the external building construction is completed.
The construction method changes the traditional construction method that the rubber water stop belt is embedded in the periphery of the end of the attachment of the building attachment with the horizontal length of 300-500 mm which is cantilevered on the underground outdoor wall reserved for the externally-connected building. The traditional construction method is that an external building reserved part is arranged on an underground outdoor wall: the bottom earthwork of the building attachment with the horizontal length of 300-500 mm is designed to be incapable of being backfilled and compacted, and root stretch cracking occurs. The exposed rubber waterstop is easy to age due to long embedding time and cannot have a waterstop effect, and even the rubber waterstop is cut off during construction of an external foundation pit, so that the waterproof effect of an external building is reduced. The invention is characterized in that a reserved hole is arranged on a wall body which is externally connected with a reserved part of a building on the underground outdoor wall. A300 mm wide water stop steel plate is arranged in the reserved hole peripheral area, and the problem of waterproof joint between an external building and the basement outer wall is solved. An attachment with the maximum outward protruding size of 300 mm is arranged in the reserved hole opening area, and an oblique intersecting surface is formed between the attachment and the vertical surface of the outer wall of the basement, so that the problem of incompact earth backfilling of the foundation pit is solved. The concrete of low mark is pour in the regional concrete of reserving the entrance to a cave of basement outer wall, solves the wall use problem that does not carry out external construction, has also solved the corrosion problem in the stagnant water steel sheet exposes the air for a long time simultaneously. The process for embedding the water stop steel plate in the concrete is mature, the structure is reliable, and the waterproof effect is obvious; the space in the hole district is reserved in the filling of low grade concrete, easy operation, it is effectual to stagnant water steel sheet protection, do benefit to the water-proof effects of external building and basement joint department.
Claims (4)
1. The construction method for directly reserving the external building access port on the outer wall body of the basement is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1): finishing the binding of the reinforcement cage of the basement outer wall;
(2): calibrating the position of the reserved hole and installing a water stop steel plate;
(3): installing a steel reinforcement framework with a convex structure; installing a double-layer wire mesh for separation;
(4): loose materials are filled in the space surrounded by the inner side of the water stop steel plate and the double-layer wire netting; installing an external wall template and a peripheral structure thereof;
(5): pouring concrete on the outer wall of the basement; pouring all vertical wall column concrete on the same layer of the basement and top plate beam concrete on the layer;
(6): removing the template and the peripheral structure thereof; emptying loose materials filled in the inner side of the water stop steel plate and the space surrounded by the double-layer wire netting;
(7): erecting a template for secondary pouring of low-grade concrete; pouring low-grade concrete;
(8): after the defect repair of the basement outer wall is finished, the construction of the waterproof coiled material and the waterproof coiled material protective layer is finished in sequence; ramming backfill in layers;
(9): excavating a foundation pit in the external building area;
(10): pouring an external building concrete cushion layer at the position of the external building area;
(11): dismantling the related contents of the reserved building, including a waterproof coiled material, a waterproof coiled material protective layer and a reinforced concrete structure, so as to meet the construction requirements of the external building;
setting convex concrete structure cutting surfaces at the upper end and the lower end of the double-layer wire netting, determining two mark lines for cutting off the reinforcing steel bars according to the position of the externally connected racking port and the requirement of the lap joint length of the double-layer wire netting and the reinforcing steel bars, and performing dismantling and cleaning work on an outer convex part of a reserved hole of the externally connected building and low-grade concrete along the convex concrete structure cutting surfaces; cleaning the exposed wall reinforcing steel bars of the reserved hole; after sundries such as concrete and the like at the reserved externally-connected racking part are cleaned, the reinforcing steel bars of the wall body at the reserved hole are exposed; after the reinforcing steel bars of the wall body with the reserved hole are exposed, the reinforcing steel bars are adjusted, cut or bent, and are connected with the reinforcing steel bar framework of the rear connecting part to form a complete whole;
arranging a position line of a guide wall construction joint above an external building concrete cushion, and sequentially finishing a leveling layer, external building bottom plate waterproof arrangement, external building bottom plate waterproof protective layer arrangement, bottom plate steel bar binding and template supporting on the external building concrete cushion;
pouring external building bottom plate concrete on the external building bottom plate waterproof protective layer, pouring side wall guide concrete according to a position line of a wall guide construction joint, and processing joints between new and old concrete; when external connection part construction is carried out in the later period, a water stop steel plate II is arranged at the construction joint where the external connection building bottom plate concrete and the guide wall concrete on the left side and the right side are connected;
(12): sequentially finishing a waterproof coiled material layer, a waterproof coiled material protective layer, a reinforced concrete bottom plate externally connected with a building and a guide wall on the side edge; the method comprises the steps of steel bar binding, template erecting and new and old joint racking treatment;
(13): completing concrete pouring of the external building reinforced concrete bottom plate and the guide wall on the side edge, wherein the concrete pouring comprises racking connection between new and old concrete;
(14): finishing the construction of reinforcing steel bars and templates of external building reinforced concrete top plates and wallboards, including the joint processing between new and old structures;
(15): completing concrete construction of the external reinforced concrete roof and the external reinforced concrete wallboard;
(16): completing the construction of dismantling the templates of the external reinforced concrete roof and the wallboard of the building;
(17): and finishing the construction of an external waterproof coiled material and a waterproof coiled material protective layer of the external building and the construction of earth backfilling.
2. The construction method for directly reserving the external building access port on the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: reserve external joint hole on basement outer wall facade, connect the position that connects the joint hole in addition and mark and reserve the coincidence of entrance to a cave position, external joint hole is greater than to mark and reserves the entrance to a cave.
3. The construction method for directly reserving the external building access port on the basement exterior wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: and (11) in the step (16), dismantling the reinforced concrete structure and the auxiliary building content of the reinforced concrete structure at the vertical reserved external building access point of the outer wall of the pre-poured basement, and then sequentially accessing the external building parts.
4. The construction method for directly reserving the external building access port on the basement exterior wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (5) after the step (16) is finished, carrying out earth compaction and backfilling on the foundation pit part.
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