CN109680243B - Thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotation type titanium alloy part nitriding deformation control method - Google Patents
Thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotation type titanium alloy part nitriding deformation control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109680243B CN109680243B CN201811479928.7A CN201811479928A CN109680243B CN 109680243 B CN109680243 B CN 109680243B CN 201811479928 A CN201811479928 A CN 201811479928A CN 109680243 B CN109680243 B CN 109680243B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal heat treatment, and relates to a super-precision control method for deformation of a thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotary complex-structure titanium alloy part under high-temperature ion nitriding. The geometric centers of the parts, the tool and the effective working area of the ion nitriding furnace are coincided by utilizing the cylindrical tool made of TC4 and the titanium alloy auxiliary support upright column made of the stainless steel guide pipe and the TC 4. Before nitriding, the part is annealed at a high temperature of 800-950 ℃, and is subjected to step heating, heat preservation and cooling at a temperature of 300-450 ℃ and a temperature of 500-650 ℃ at a heating and cooling rate of 0.5-4 ℃/min. The special equipment with an auxiliary heat source is used for nitriding, a glow heating system is started when the temperature is raised to 300-400 ℃, nitriding is carried out for 2-20 hours at 780-900 ℃, ultra-precision control of deformation of the thin-wall asymmetric rotary complex-structure titanium alloy part with the size not larger than 100mm and the effective wall thickness of 2-5 mm under high-temperature ion nitriding is realized, and the deformation amount is not larger than 0.010 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal heat treatment, and relates to a super-precision control method for deformation of a thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotary complex-structure titanium alloy part under high-temperature ion nitriding.
Background
The traditional part has low requirements on deformation control after ion nitriding, and the part only needs to have a penetrated layer which meets the process requirements after ion nitriding. Titanium alloy ion nitriding needs to be carried out at a high temperature of more than 780 ℃, and is limited by ion nitriding equipment and the conditions of the prior art at present, and titanium alloy thin-wall complex-structure parts, especially non-symmetrical rotary thin-wall parts, have great difficulty.
In the aerospace field, under the dual requirements of weight reduction and specific strength design, a plurality of thin-wall middle-small-size asymmetric rotating parts with complex structures have extremely high requirements on deformation, the deformation after ion nitriding is not more than 0.01mm, and the technical requirements cannot be met by the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: provides a super-precision control method for deformation of thin-wall medium-small-sized asymmetric rotary titanium alloy parts with complex structures under high-temperature ion nitriding.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a super-precision control method for deformation of thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotary titanium alloy parts with complex structures under high-temperature ion nitriding is characterized in that an equipotential local negative glow area space is constructed in an ion nitriding furnace by utilizing an auxiliary tool cathode.
The special tool for titanium alloy ion nitriding is of a cylindrical structure, and the tool structure is shown in attached figure 1. Supported by a stainless steel conduit, connected with the cathode disc and positioned at the geometric center of the effective working area of the titanium alloy ion nitriding special equipment.
And placing the titanium alloy thin-wall part into a special titanium alloy ion nitriding tool.
The titanium alloy part uses an auxiliary supporting upright column made of titanium alloy TC4 material, so that the axis of the part is coaxial with the axis of the tool.
The auxiliary supporting upright columns are used for improving the current density of parts in the ion nitriding process, the contact positions of the auxiliary supporting upright columns and the parts are within 30mm downward, the diameter of each upright column cannot be larger than phi 5mm, and the upright columns are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical tool and are at the same height level.
The tooling is made of TC 4.
The titanium alloy ion nitriding special equipment needs to lead a temperature control thermocouple at the bottom of the cathode disc to be close to a titanium alloy part through a bottom hole of the cylindrical tool.
The size of the titanium alloy part is not more than 100mm, the effective wall thickness is 2-5 mm, and the minimum unilateral distance between the outer diameter of the part and the inner wall of the cylindrical tool is more than 20 mm.
The deformation ultra-precision control of the titanium alloy part requires high-temperature annealing treatment at 800-950 ℃ on the part before ion nitriding.
The deformation of the titanium alloy part is controlled superficially, the temperature of the ion nitriding process is 780-900 ℃, and the nitriding heat preservation time is 2-20 hours.
The deformation superfinishing control of the titanium alloy part needs to be carried out by step heating, heat preservation and cooling during ion nitriding, and the heating and cooling rate is 0.5-4 ℃/min.
The deformation of the titanium alloy part is controlled superficially, and the temperature ranges of the stepped heating and cooling are respectively 300-450 ℃ and 500-650 ℃.
The deformation of the titanium alloy part is controlled superficially, the used titanium alloy ion nitriding special equipment has an auxiliary heat source, and a glow heating system is started at 300-400 ℃.
The invention has the technical effects that: the invention relates to a super-precision control method for deformation of a thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotary complex-structure titanium alloy part under high-temperature ion nitriding, which is characterized in that an equipotential local negative region space is constructed by utilizing an auxiliary cathode cylindrical tool, and through a mode of overlapping the geometric centers of the part, the tool and an effective working region in an ion nitriding furnace, stepped temperature rise, heat preservation and temperature reduction are adopted during ion nitriding, so that the super-precision control of deformation of the thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotary complex-structure titanium alloy part under high-temperature ion nitriding is realized on the premise that a nitrided layer of the titanium alloy part meets the design requirement, and the deformation amount is not more than 0.010 mm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side wall view of a cylindrical tooling;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cylindrical tooling base;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an asymmetric thin-walled titanium alloy part;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a furnace loading manner of a certain specification titanium alloy part in an ion nitriding process;
figure 6 is a top view of figure 5,
the device comprises a 1-cylindrical structure tool, a 2-titanium alloy part, a 3-electric control thermocouple, a 4-auxiliary support upright post and a 5-ion nitriding furnace.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method for controlling nitriding deformation of thin-wall, medium-small-sized asymmetric gyration type titanium alloy parts according to the present invention utilizes an auxiliary tool cathode to construct an equipotential local negative glow area space in an ion nitriding furnace. The auxiliary tool cathode is a cylindrical structure tool, is supported by a stainless steel guide pipe, is connected with the cathode disc and is positioned at the geometric center of the effective working area of the titanium alloy ion nitriding special equipment.
The invention takes a titanium alloy thin-wall part with a certain specification and a complex structure part as an example, the effective wall thickness is only 3mm as shown in figures 3 and 4.
The titanium alloy ion nitriding special equipment with the auxiliary heat source is selected, so that the furnace temperature uniformity of the geometric space in the furnace can be improved, the furnace temperature fluctuation is reduced, and the part deformation degree caused by the furnace temperature fluctuation is reduced.
The stainless steel guide pipe is used for supporting and is connected with the cathode disc, and a cylindrical auxiliary cathode tool is utilized to construct a geometric space of an equipotential negative glow area in the ion nitriding furnace. In the geometric space, the charged cations are influenced by equipotential, the bombardment uniformity of the parts in the cylindrical tool is greatly improved, and the macroscopic expression is that the heating uniformity of the parts is improved.
The minimum distance between the outer diameter of the part and the inner wall of the cylindrical tool is 35mm, and the hollow cathode effect is avoided.
The auxiliary supporting upright column is used for supporting parts, the diameter of the auxiliary supporting upright column is phi 5mm, the current intensity of the cathode disc in the ion nitriding furnace transmitted to the parts through the auxiliary upright column can be effectively improved, and the thickness of a glow layer can be effectively reduced.
The bottom temperature control thermocouple of the cathode disc is led to the position near the titanium alloy part through the bottom hole of the cylindrical tool, so that the process temperature monitoring capability of the part in the nitriding process is improved. The upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the cylindrical tool are provided with holes, so that charged particles can bombard parts from the upper side and the lower side of the tool at the same time, and the upper direction and the lower direction of the parts are heated uniformly. According to the invention, the geometric centers of the part, the cylindrical tool and the effective working area of the ion nitriding furnace are overlapped, so that the consistency of the part subjected to charged particle thermal bombardment in all directions during ion nitriding is greatly improved, namely the heating uniformity is effectively ensured.
The invention discloses a thin-wall medium-small size asymmetric gyration type titanium alloy part nitriding deformation control method, which comprises the following steps:
performing high-temperature annealing at 900 ℃ for 6h before nitriding the part, and then performing high-temperature ion nitriding;
the temperature of the part is increased and decreased in a step mode, the temperature rising rate is 2 ℃/min from room temperature to 400 ℃, when the temperature rises to 300 ℃, a glow heating system is started, the temperature is continuously increased, the temperature is kept for 2h after the temperature reaches 400 ℃, then the temperature is increased to 550 ℃ at 1.5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 1.5h after the temperature reaches the temperature, the temperature is continuously increased to 850 ℃ at 1 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 h. Then cooling to 550 ℃ at a speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1.5h after reaching the temperature, cooling to 400 ℃ at a speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h after reaching the temperature, stopping a glow heating system, finally cooling to 200 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min, opening the furnace and taking out the titanium alloy part;
by adopting high-temperature annealing, the structure thermal stability of the part is ensured, and the thermal stress of the part in the processes of temperature rise, temperature preservation and temperature reduction is relatively small by adopting a stepped temperature rise, temperature preservation and temperature reduction mode.
By adopting the method, the final ellipse and the taper of the part are both lower than 0.005mm, the process requirement is met, and the ultra-precision control of the high-temperature ion nitriding deformation of the medium-small-size asymmetric gyration type titanium alloy part is realized.
Claims (5)
1. A thin-wall medium-small size asymmetric rotation type titanium alloy part nitriding deformation control method is characterized in that an equipotential local negative glow area space is constructed in an ion nitriding furnace by utilizing an auxiliary tool cathode;
the size of the titanium alloy part is not more than 100mm, the effective wall thickness is 2-5 mm, and the minimum unilateral distance between the outer diameter of the part and the inner wall of the tool is more than 20 mm;
the ion nitriding furnace is provided with an auxiliary heat source, and a glow heating system is started at the temperature of 300-400 ℃;
carrying out high-temperature annealing treatment at 800-950 ℃ on the titanium alloy part before ion nitriding, wherein the temperature of the ion nitriding process is 780-900 ℃, and the nitriding heat preservation time is 2-20 h;
carrying out step heating, heat preservation and cooling during ion nitriding, wherein the heating and cooling rates are 0.5-4 ℃/min, and the temperature ranges of the step heating and cooling are 300-450 ℃ and 500-650 ℃ respectively;
the geometric centers of the part, the tool and the effective working area in the ion nitriding furnace are overlapped.
2. The method for controlling the nitriding deformation of the thin-wall medium-small asymmetric gyration type titanium alloy part according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary tool cathode is of a cylindrical structure, is supported by a stainless steel conduit, is connected with a cathode disc, and is positioned at the geometric center of an effective working area of the ion nitriding furnace.
3. The thin-wall medium-small asymmetric gyration type titanium alloy part nitriding deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the titanium alloy part is placed in a cylindrical structure, the titanium alloy part uses an auxiliary support column made of titanium alloy TC4 material, and the axis of the part is coaxial with the axis of the tool.
4. The method for controlling the nitriding deformation of the thin-wall medium-small asymmetric gyration type titanium alloy part according to claim 3, wherein the contact position of the auxiliary support upright posts and the part is within 30mm downward, the diameter of the upright posts cannot be larger than phi 5mm, and the upright posts are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical tool and are at the same height level.
5. The thin-wall medium-small size asymmetric gyration type titanium alloy part nitriding deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that a cathode disk bottom temperature control thermocouple is led to the vicinity of the titanium alloy part through a cylindrical tool bottom hole.
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| CN201811479928.7A CN109680243B (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Thin-wall medium-small-size asymmetric rotation type titanium alloy part nitriding deformation control method |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103320772A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-09-25 | 大连理工大学 | Metal inner surface modification device and method |
| CN109518121A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-26 | 中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司 | A method of regulating and controlling thin-wall titanium alloy part deformation using hollow cathode effect |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103320772A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-09-25 | 大连理工大学 | Metal inner surface modification device and method |
| CN109518121A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-26 | 中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司 | A method of regulating and controlling thin-wall titanium alloy part deformation using hollow cathode effect |
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