CN109680124A - A method of improving engineering machinery wear resistance castings performance - Google Patents
A method of improving engineering machinery wear resistance castings performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109680124A CN109680124A CN201910053620.4A CN201910053620A CN109680124A CN 109680124 A CN109680124 A CN 109680124A CN 201910053620 A CN201910053620 A CN 201910053620A CN 109680124 A CN109680124 A CN 109680124A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for improving engineering machinery wear resistance castings performance, after intermediate frequency furnace melting, it is refined twice by LF refining furnace, VOD refining furnace again, in which: LF refining furnace is heated using each of three electrodes, is heated in electrode insertion slag blanket using submerged arc when heating；Water-cooling flange disk, water cooled cover and lute are set on steel drum, with air-isolation；In refining process, first into molten steel be added 6~10.0kg/t of lime slag charge, refine 1~5min into ladle the inside be added 1.0~3.0kg/t steel contain Al2O3Auxiliary material, make white slag；VOD refining furnace configures vacuum tank, top blow oxygen lance, vacuum suction device, material alloying, thermometric sampling system, installs more than two air bricks at packet bottom；In the molten steel that LF refining furnace refined in VOD refining furnace refined molten steel again；It is blown into the high-intensitive stirring of argon gas progress through ladle bottom air brick by top blowing oxygen and simultaneously in a vacuum, hydrogen, nitrogen are constantly spread to Argon Bubble in molten steel, finally overflow molten steel with Argon Bubble.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of engineering machinery, more particularly, to a kind of method for improving engineering machinery wear resistance castings performance.
Background technique
The wearing piece of engineering machinery is all wear resistance castings as products such as shovel head, bucket tooth, tup, track (shoe)s, generally as this kind of
Casting, which requires, will higher wearability, also require have a higher service life and higher hardness, therefore to casting
Inherent quality require very high, the defects of cast-internal requires zero defect, crystal grain fine and smooth, without Slag inclusion；With these requirements
It is gradually increased, traditional intermediate frequency furnace method of smelting, is increasingly difficult to correspondingly increase the degree of purity of molten steel, it is difficult to meet cast-internal
The higher requirement of quality.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods for improving engineering machinery wear resistance castings performance, and engineering machine can be improved
The degree of purity of tool wearing piece molten steel, to improve Internal Quality of Cast.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals: a kind of raising engineering machinery
The method of wear resistance castings performance after intermediate frequency furnace melting, then is refined by LF refining furnace, VOD refining furnace twice, in which:
LF refining furnace is heated using each of three electrodes, is heated in electrode insertion slag blanket using submerged arc when heating；Water is set on steel drum
Cold ring flange, water cooled cover and lute, with air-isolation；In refining process, lime slag charge 6 is first added into molten steel
~10.0kg/t, refine 1~5min into ladle the inside be added 1.0~3.0kg/t steel contain Al2O3Auxiliary material, cause white slag,
Graphite electrode and the CO gas that oxide effect generates in slag, enhance and maintain furnace reduction gas when reproducibility white slag and heating
Atmosphere；
VOD refining furnace configures vacuum tank, top blow oxygen lance, vacuum suction device, material alloying, thermometric sampling system, fills at packet bottom
If more than two air bricks；In the molten steel that LF refining furnace refined in VOD refining furnace refined molten steel again；In a vacuum by
Top blowing oxygen is blown into argon gas with while through ladle bottom air brick and carries out high-intensitive stirring, and hydrogen, nitrogen are constantly to argon gas in molten steel
Bubble diffusion, finally overflows molten steel with Argon Bubble.
Preferably, paying attention to the color for observing slag during making white slag in LF refining furnace；When clinker by blacking at it is yellow again
Bleach, after white maintains a period, continuously adds deoxidier.When white slag keeps certain time, oxygen concentration is protected between slag steel
Maintain an equal level weighing apparatus, in order to continue to keep white slag that deoxidier is also constantly added.
Through the above technical solutions, molten steel is pure, casting inclusion content is few (at 2 grades of ASTM standard or less), sulfur content
0.01 hereinafter, oxygen content reaches 10PPm hereinafter, hydrogen content is up to 0.8PPm, using agitating function packet bottom installed two with
On air brick, to molten steel carry out strong mixing, AI can be eliminated2O3、SiO2Equal impurity；Compared to the casting of common intermediate frequency furnace melting,
Using the present invention for method engineering machinery wear resistance castings, mechanical performance and impact value have been greatly improved, and Slag inclusion is significant
It reduces, the service life of engineering machinery wear resistance castings improves 30-40%；Method provided by the present invention is particularly suited for high-volume work
The production of journey machinery wear resistance castings, has high economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment: spirit of the invention for ease of understanding gradually illustrates technology solution party of the present invention below
Case:
1, the main operational principle of LF-VOD refining furnace
The molten steel refining method of 1.1 LF refining furnaces
The liquid steel refining of LF refining furnace makes molten steel reach the comprehensive refining effect such as deoxidation, desulfurization, alloying, heating in a short time
Fruit.Ensure to reach that molten steel composition is accurate, and temperature is uniform, field trash sufficiently floats the purpose of purification molten steel, and refinement step is as follows:
Intermediate frequency furnace melting molten steel is blended into LF furnace；It refines and forms reducing atmosphere in Argon steam stove, deoxidation, desulfurization and removal nonmetal inclusion
Object, purification molten steel effect；Ingredient is finely tuned, the alloy composition of needs is added；Temperature adjustment, thermometric, the low (tapping temperature that heated up of temperature
1620 DEG C -1610 DEG C)；Tapping, wire feeding deoxidising；Thermometric (1570 DEG C -1580 DEG C of pouring temperature), temperature is properly poured.
1.1.1 LF furnace refining is mainly stirred by argon gas.Mainly by ladle bottom Argon gas agitating accelerate steel and slag it
Between substance transmitting, be conducive to accelerate deoxidation, the progress of desulphurization reaction, and the floating of field trash promoted to remove, especially pair
Al2O3The inclusion floating removal of type is advantageously.The homogenization for accelerating liquid steel temperature and ingredient simultaneously, reaches and accurately adjusts
The ingredient of whole molten steel.Due to the reducing atmosphere in furnace, ladle and bell sealing are played the role of completely cutting off air, in addition graphite electrode
Oxidation generates CO gas, reducing atmosphere is formd in furnace, further deoxidation, desulfurization and removal are nonmetallic under the reducing conditions for molten steel
Field trash, and avoid molten steel nitrogen pick-up.The great advantage of LF furnace is that high alkalinity reduction refining slag deoxidation effect is good, can be good
Increase the desulphurizing ability of slag.(CaO) content is high, (FeO), (SiO2) content is low, it is highly beneficial to desulphurization reaction, using LF furnace
The molten steel of processing, the content of (FeO+MnO) is at a fairly low in slag, and desulfurization is also thorough.
1.1.2 the major advantage of LF furnace technology: affinability is strong, and deoxidation, desulfurization, purification molten steel effect are good, the quality of steel
It significantly improves；Suitable for producing super-low sulfur, Ultra Low-oxygen steel grade.Has the function of electric arc heated, the thermal efficiency is high, and increasing extent of temperature is big, temperature
It is high to control precision.Have stirring and alloying function, it is easy to accomplish Narrow Composition Control improves the stability of product.Using slag steel
Refinery practice, refining cost are low.Equipment is simple, invests less.
1.2 VOD refining furnace method of refining
VOD purifying method is that the molten steel of the molten steel of middle frequency furnace or LF furnace refining treatment is placed in vacuum chamber, while ladle bottom
A kind of vacuum processing method of Argon stirring, can carry out decarburization, degassing, desulfurization, removal impurity, alloying and uniform liquid steel temperature,
The processing such as ingredient.Its capital equipment is made of vacuum system, vacuum can system, vacuum container cover vehicle and charging system.Suitable for production
Various structural alloy steels, quality carbon steel and Hi-Stren steel, the function of the achievable vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing of VOD furnace are suitable for smelting
Refine mild steel and super-low carbon stainless steel.VOD is vacuum-treated to be stirred by ladle bottom whole process Argon, it is therefore an objective to uniform molten steel at
Divide and temperature, the soft blow argon after promoting vacuum outgas, desulfuration, composition adjustment, inclusion floating, especially line feeding are even more to remove steel
The effective ways that middle oxide is mingled with.
1.3 LF-VOD refining furnace duplex practice liquid steel refining features:
1.3.1 for liquid steel refining to liquid steel desulphurization, deoxidation is good；Absorbable AI2O3、SiO2Equal impurity have certain denaturation to make
With；Product can reach sulfur content 0.01 hereinafter, oxygen content is up to 10PPm hereinafter, hydrogen content is up to 0.8PPm, and casting field trash contains
Amount meets 2 grades of ASTM standard or less.
1.3.2 LF method refining is adjustable liquid steel temperature, reaches pouring temperature required by casting, improves Molten Steel Cleanliness,
The content for especially reducing steel Large Inclusions, reduces gas (such as hydrogen) content in steel；Objectionable impurities (such as sulphur, phosphorus) is reduced to contain
Amount；Inclusion modification effect, improves fluidity molten steel；Improve productivity.
1.3.3 VOD refining furnace liquid steel refining be in a vacuum, carry out under conditions of inert atmosphere or controlled atmosphere it is deep de-
Carbon, desulfurization, deoxidation, degasification, adjusting component (microalloying) and adjustment temperature simultaneously make its homogenization, and removal of inclusions changes folder
Sundries form and composition etc..
2, LF-VOD refining furnace duplex practice liquid steel refining technical indicator
The wearing piece of engineering machinery, shovel head, bucket tooth, tup, track (shoe) etc., liquid steel refining target are to obtain real clean steel
Water, make the requirement of casting inclusion content in 2 grades of ASTM standard hereinafter, sulfur content 0.01 hereinafter, oxygen content up to 10PPm hereinafter,
Hydrogen content is up to 0.8PPm.Using agitating function packet bottom installed more than two air bricks, thereby produce to molten steel into
Row strong mixing can eliminate AI2O3、SiO2Equal impurity.By LF-VOD refining furnace duplex practice liquid steel refining, refined using this method
Service life 30-40% can be improved in the wear resistance castings that molten steel is produced, and has been really achieved the effect of high-quality steel.
3, LF-VOD refining furnace duplex practice liquid steel refining process
3.1 LF refining furnace liquid steel refining processes
LF refining furnace is heated using each of three electrodes.Submerged arc heating is used in electrode insertion slag blanket when heating, it is this
The radiation of method is small, has protective effect to furnace lining, and the efficiency heated at the same time is also relatively high, and the thermal efficiency is good.LF furnace itself one
As do not have vacuum equipment.Water-cooling flange in refining, i.e., when being refined under the atmospheric pressure not vacuumized, on steel drum
The effect of disk, water cooled cover and lute can play the sealing function of air-isolation.Along with reproducibility slag and add
The effect of the oxides such as graphite electrode and FeO, MnO, C in slag generates CO gas when hot, increases the reducing atmosphere of furnace gas.Refining master
If stirred by argon gas be LF furnace refining furnace still another feature, argon gas stirring is conducive to chemical reaction between steel slag, it can
To accelerate the substance between steel slag to transmit, be conducive to the deoxidation of molten steel, the progress of desulphurization reaction；Argon stirring can also go unless
Metallic inclusion；Another effect of Argon stirring is that temperature in molten steel and ingredient can be accelerated uniform, can accurately adjust and answer
Miscellaneous chemical composition, furthermore Argon stirring can accelerate the reduction of oxide in slag, to DKD material recoveries chromium, the molybdenum such as DKA etc. have
The alloying element of value is advantageous.Whether LF furnace, which can refine, is successfully refined by white slag, and white slag has very in LF furnace
Strong reproducibility, this is good reducing atmosphere and argon gas stirring, the result of interaction in LF furnace.The general quantity of slag is amount of metal
2~8%.Oxygen in steel, sulphur and inclusion content can be reduced by the refining effect of white slag.
Make the basic skills of white slag:
During LF refining, 6~10.0kg/t of lime slag charge is first added into molten steel, refines the inside into ladle 1~5min
1.0~3.0kg/t steel is added contains Al2O3Auxiliary material, to further increase slugging speed, the physical-chemical reaction in furnace at this time
Ceaselessly carrying out, deoxidier be constantly added in refining process, pay attention to observe slag color, if refine normal clinker by
Blacking bleaches again at yellow, and after white slag is kept for three minutes, oxygen concentration keeps balance between slag steel；In order to continue that white slag is kept also to want
It is continuous that deoxidier is added.
3.2 VOD vacuum refining molten steel processes
VOD vacuum refining device is made of systems such as vacuum tank, top blow oxygen lance, vacuum suction, material alloying, thermometric samplings.?
The molten steel that LF refining furnace refined, which needs to obtain purer molten steel in further refining, obtains lower H, O, N gas content
Casting and low-sulfur, the casting of low Slag inclusion, will also in VOD vacuum refining furnace refined molten steel again.VOD vacuum refining
Journey is to be blown into the high-intensitive stirring of argon gas progress through ladle bottom air brick by top blowing oxygen and simultaneously in a vacuum, in molten steel
Hydrogen, nitrogen are constantly spread to Argon Bubble, certain partial pressure are formed in nitrogen bubble, the partial pressure of hydrogen and nitrogen in Argon Bubble can be with gas
Heated volume expansion when the floating of bubble, thus the partial pressure of hydrogen, nitrogen is still able to maintain lower level, therefore continue to absorb hydrogen and nitrogen, most
Molten steel is overflowed with Argon Bubble afterwards and is removed.
VOD vacuum refining makes steel-casting low-carbon, middle carbon, low nitrogen, hypoxemia and low hydrogen.
The control of 3.3 chemical components: the control of chemical component during LF-AOD refining furnace duplex practice liquid steel refining, shovel
The main trade mark of the wear resistance castings such as head, bucket tooth, tup, track (shoe) has DTB, DKA, DPB, DJD trade mark, the chemistry of 4 kinds of material requirements
Composition and the chemical component of actual production control are as follows:
In conclusion the molten steel through this method refining is cast due to using middle frequency furnace and LF-VOD duplex purifying method refined molten steel
H, O, N produce premium casting containing lower in part, and can significantly improve shovel head, bucket tooth, tup, track (shoe) etc. uses the longevity
Life, refining cost is low, can reduce the loss of precious metal, is suitble to the cast article of production low-sulfur phosphorus, economic effect with higher
Benefit.
Embodiment in specification is only used for that the present invention will be described, does not play to protection scope of the present invention
Restriction effect.Protection scope of the present invention is only defined by the claims, and is done on the basis of embodiment disclosed by the invention
Any omission, replacement or modification will fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for improving engineering machinery wear resistance castings performance, which is characterized in that after intermediate frequency furnace melting, then by LF refining
Furnace, VOD refining furnace are refined twice, in which:
LF refining furnace is heated using each of three electrodes, is heated in electrode insertion slag blanket using submerged arc when heating；Water is set on steel drum
Cold ring flange, water cooled cover and lute, with air-isolation；In refining process, lime slag charge 6 is first added into molten steel
~10.0kg/t, refine 1~5min into ladle the inside be added 1.0~3.0kg/t steel contain Al2O3Auxiliary material, cause white slag,
Graphite electrode and the CO gas that oxide effect generates in slag, enhance and maintain furnace reduction gas when reproducibility white slag and heating
Atmosphere；
VOD refining furnace configures vacuum tank, top blow oxygen lance, vacuum suction device, material alloying, thermometric sampling system, fills at packet bottom
If more than two air bricks；In the molten steel that LF refining furnace refined in VOD refining furnace refined molten steel again；In a vacuum by
Top blowing oxygen is blown into argon gas with while through ladle bottom air brick and carries out high-intensitive stirring, and hydrogen, nitrogen are constantly to argon gas in molten steel
Bubble diffusion, finally overflows molten steel with Argon Bubble.
2. a kind of method for improving engineering machinery wear resistance castings performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in LF essence
During making white slag in furnace, the color for observing slag is paid attention to；When clinker is bleached by blacking at yellow again, white maintains a period
Afterwards, deoxidier is continuously added.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110157857A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-23 | 无锡市前洲无缝钢管有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of the high pressure resistant seamless steel pipe of petroleum |
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| CN102041357A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-04 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Novel method for making white slag with LF (ladle furnace) refining furnace |
| CN102965584A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High-nitrogen high-manganese stainless steel and smelting method thereof |
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| CN102041357A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-04 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Novel method for making white slag with LF (ladle furnace) refining furnace |
| CN102965584A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High-nitrogen high-manganese stainless steel and smelting method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110157857A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-23 | 无锡市前洲无缝钢管有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of the high pressure resistant seamless steel pipe of petroleum |
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