CN109677028A - 一种轻质高强先进复合材料结构 - Google Patents

一种轻质高强先进复合材料结构 Download PDF

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CN109677028A
CN109677028A CN201811638640.XA CN201811638640A CN109677028A CN 109677028 A CN109677028 A CN 109677028A CN 201811638640 A CN201811638640 A CN 201811638640A CN 109677028 A CN109677028 A CN 109677028A
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outer layer
layer
composite structure
groove
strength light
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沈余良
蒋雪华
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Shanghai Chaohui Ventilation & Environmental Protection Equipment Co Ltd
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Shanghai Chaohui Ventilation & Environmental Protection Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明揭示了一种轻质高强先进复合材料结构，包括第一外层、第二外层、内层、增强部件和支撑部件，内层设置在所述第一外层和所述第二外层之间；增强部件设置在所述第一外层和所述第二外层的端部之间；支撑部件包括第一表面和第二表面，所述支撑部件穿过内层，且所述第一表面和所述第一外层相粘接，及所述第二表面和所述第二外层相粘接；所述第一表面和/或所述第二表面设置有沟槽，所述沟槽内填充有树脂。使支撑部件分别与第一外层和第二外层之间连接紧密，防止第一外层、第二外层，以及设置在第一外层和第二外层之间的内层发生脱层。

Description

一种轻质高强先进复合材料结构
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料领域，尤其涉及一种轻质高强先进复合材料结构。
背景技术
复合材料由于具有较高的比强度、比刚度、抗疲劳、耐冲击、可设计等一系列优点，近年来在航空、航天、机械、生物、医学、体育等陵园得到广泛应用。但在实际工程应用中，高速、重载工况对复合材料构件的强度和重量提出了更高的设计要求，复合材料的可设计性又为其强度和重量的进一步提高和结构的优化提供了广阔的空间。现有的复合材料都是由多层材料复合而成。
例如专利号为CN201620295297.3，专利名称为的一种轻质高强的复合材料的实用新型专利，其揭示了复合材料为中心对称结构，从中心位置开始，由内向外依次为蜂窝芯材层、聚合膜层、内层纤维复材层、高能胶层、外层纤维复材层。采用聚合膜，提高了蜂窝芯材和纤维复材的结合力，提高了制件整体的稳定性能，质轻但强度仍有保证。
但是，多层材料复合而成的制件容易出现脱层，进而降低了使用寿命。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种防止脱层的轻质高强先进复合材料结构。
一种轻质高强先进复合材料结构，包括：
第一外层；
第二外层；
内层，设置在所述第一外层和所述第二外层之间；
增强部件，设置在所述第一外层和所述第二外层的端部之间；
支撑部件，包括第一表面和第二表面，所述支撑部件穿过内层，且所述第一表面和所述第一外层相粘接，及所述第二表面和所述第二外层相粘接；
其中，所述第一表面和/或所述第二表面设置有沟槽，所述沟槽内填充有树脂。
进一步，分别设置在所述第一表面和所述第二表面上的所述沟槽相垂直。
进一步，分别设置在所述第一表面和所述第二表面上的所述沟槽相平行。
进一步，分别设置在所述第一表面和所述第二表面上的所述沟槽，两者的深度相加要小于所述支撑部件的厚度。
进一步，所述支撑部件和所述内层配合的面呈第一凸部，所述内层和所述支撑部件配合的面呈第一凹部。
进一步，所述内层和所述增强部件配合的面呈第二凹部，所述增强部件和所述内层配合的面呈第二凸部。
进一步，所述第一凸部、所述第一凹部、所述第二凸部和所述第二凹部分别呈三角形或圆形。
进一步，所述增强部件的数量为一个，且沿着所述第一外层和所述第二外层的边缘设置。
进一步，所述增强部件的数量为多个，且沿着所述第一外层和所述第二外层的边缘间隔设置。
进一步，所述增强部件分别与所述第一外层和所述第二外层配合的面上设置有沟槽，所述沟槽内填充有树脂。
由于采用了上述技术，本发明具有以下优点：
本发明的第一表面和第二表面设置有沟槽，沟槽内填充有树脂，使支撑部件分别与第一外层和第二外层之间连接紧密，防止第一外层、第二外层，以及设置在第一外层和第二外层之间的内层发生脱层。
以下结合附图及实施例进一步说明本发明。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述轻质高强先进复合材料结构的结构示意图；
图2为本发明所述支撑部件的结构示意图；
图3为本发明所述内层的结构示意图。
图中：10第一外层、20第二外层、30增强部件、31第二凸部、40支撑部件、41第一表面、42第二表面、43沟槽、44第一凸部、50内层、51第一凹部。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，所述轻质高强先进复合材料结构包括第一外层10、第二外层20、增强部件30、支撑部件40和内层50，增强部件30设置在第一外层10和第二外层20的端部之间。内层50的数量为多个，且依次叠加设置在第一外层10和第二外层20之间，其中，多个内层50相粘接，以及内层50分别与第一外层10和第二外层20之间也采用粘接的方式进行连接。参考图2，支撑部件40包括第一表面41和第二表面42，支撑部件40穿过多个内层50，且第一表面41和第一外层10相粘接，及第二表面42和第二外层20相粘接。
参考图2，第一表面41和/或第二表面42设置有沟槽43，沟槽43内填充有树脂，使支撑部件40分别与第一外层10和第二外层20之间连接紧密，防止第一外层10、第二外层20，以及设置在第一外层10和第二外层20之间的内层50发生脱层。
需要说明的是，本发明是在支撑部件40与外层的粘接的基础上，增加树脂，使两者之间的连接更加稳定，防止脱层现象的发生。
在本实施例中，第一表面41上设置有沟槽43，第二表面42上设置有沟槽43，其中，设置在第一表面41上的沟槽43呈纵向，设置在第二表面42上的沟槽呈横向，即分别设置在第一表面41和第二表面42上的沟槽43相垂直。
在其它事实施例中，分别设置在第一表面41和第二表面42上的沟槽43相平行。
其中，设置在第一表面41上的沟槽43和设置在第二表面42上的沟槽43，两者的深度相加要小于支撑部件40的厚度。
在本实施例中，沟槽43的长度要短于支撑部件40的长度，即沟槽43没有贯穿支撑部件40.
在其它实施例中，沟槽43延伸到几乎贯穿整个支撑部件40。
支撑部件40由刚性的轻质材料如轻木、金属或聚合物制成。
如图1至图3所示，所述支撑部件40和内层50配合的面呈第一凸部44，内层50和支撑部件40配合的面呈第一凹部51，通过设置相配合的第一凸部44和第一凹部51，使得支撑部件40和内层50之间配合紧密，增加了复合材料结构整体的稳定性。
在本实施例中，第一凸部44和第一凹部51分别呈三角形。
在其它实施例中，第一凸部44和第一凹部51分别呈圆形。
参考图3，内层50数量为两层，两层内层50粘接后，其端部配合形成与第一凸部44配合的第一凹部51。
如图1所示，所述内层50和增强部件30配合的面呈第二凹部52，增强部件30和内层50配合的面呈第二凸部31。通过设置相配合的第二凸部31和第二凹部52，使得内层50和增强部件30之间配合紧密，增加了复合材料结构整体的稳定性。
在本实施例中，第二凸部31和第二凹部52分别呈三角形。
在其它实施例中，第二凸部31和第二凹部52分别呈圆形。
如图1所示，增强部件30设置在第一外层10和第二外层20的端部之间。该增强部件30的数量为多个，且沿着第一外层10和第二外层20的边缘间隔设置。在其它实施例中，增强部件30的数量为一个，且沿着第一外层10和第二外层20的边缘设置。通过设置增强部件30，防止第一外层10和第二外层20的边缘位置先分离，进而影响复合材料结构整体的稳定性。
增强部件30由刚性的轻质材料如轻木、金属或聚合物制成。
其中，增强部件30分别与第一外层10和第二外层20配合的面上设置有沟槽，沟槽内填充有树脂。以增加增强部件30分别与第一外层10和第二外层20之间的连接强度，进一步避免脱层现象的发生。
第一外层10和第二外层20分别采用纤维复材层。内层50采用蜂窝芯材层、聚合膜层和纤维复材层中的至少两种。其中，纤维复材层为碳纤维复材、玻璃纤维复材中的至少一种。蜂窝芯材层为铝合金、芳纶纸、牛皮纸、聚丙烯中的任意一种。聚合膜层为内含玻璃纤维布支持材料的单组份高温热固化树脂膜。
以上所述的实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术思想及特点，其目的在于使本领域内的技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，不能仅以本实施例来限定本发明的专利采用范围，即凡依本发明所揭示的精神所作的同等变化或修饰，仍落在本发明的专利范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，包括：
第一外层；
第二外层；
内层，设置在所述第一外层和所述第二外层之间；
增强部件，设置在所述第一外层和所述第二外层的端部之间；
支撑部件，包括第一表面和第二表面，所述支撑部件穿过内层，且所述第一表面和所述第一外层相粘接，及所述第二表面和所述第二外层相粘接；
其中，所述第一表面和/或所述第二表面设置有沟槽，所述沟槽内填充有树脂。
2.如权利要求1所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，分别设置在所述第一表面和所述第二表面上的所述沟槽相垂直。
3.如权利要求1所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，分别设置在所述第一表面和所述第二表面上的所述沟槽相平行。
4.如权利要求1所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，分别设置在所述第一表面和所述第二表面上的所述沟槽，两者的深度相加要小于所述支撑部件的厚度。
5.如权利要求1所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，所述支撑部件和所述内层配合的面呈第一凸部，所述内层和所述支撑部件配合的面呈第一凹部。
6.如权利要求5所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，所述内层和所述增强部件配合的面呈第二凹部，所述增强部件和所述内层配合的面呈第二凸部。
7.如权利要求6所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，所述第一凸部、所述第一凹部、所述第二凸部和所述第二凹部分别呈三角形或圆形。
8.如权利要求1所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，所述增强部件的数量为一个，且沿着所述第一外层和所述第二外层的边缘设置。
9.如权利要求1所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，所述增强部件的数量为多个，且沿着所述第一外层和所述第二外层的边缘间隔设置。
10.如权利要求1所述的轻质高强先进复合材料结构，其特征在于，所述增强部件分别与所述第一外层和所述第二外层配合的面上设置有沟槽，所述沟槽内填充有树脂。
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