CN109676148A - The preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder - Google Patents
The preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109676148A CN109676148A CN201910077449.0A CN201910077449A CN109676148A CN 109676148 A CN109676148 A CN 109676148A CN 201910077449 A CN201910077449 A CN 201910077449A CN 109676148 A CN109676148 A CN 109676148A
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- roller
- electrode
- wire
- metal powder
- ignition tip
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
This application involves 3D printing technique fields, in particular to a kind of preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder comprising transmission unit, ignition tip, atomizing generator, first electrode and second electrode, wherein atomizing generator is connected with second electrode；Channel, one end face atomizing generator in channel are formed in ignition tip, ignition tip is connected with first electrode, and first electrode and second electrode have opposite polarity electricity；Transmission unit touches atomizing generator after so that wire is passed through channel for wire to be sent in ignition tip.Under high energy arc effect, it is quick-fried that the arc of local moment is contacted with atomizer by metal wire material, metal powder can be obtained, the metallic particles that unit volume inner arc bursts into powder has respective running track, and mutually contactless, the contraction that metallic particles can complete itself to the greatest extent is frozen into spherical powder, regular shape, and fine powder recovery rate is improved, can achieve 60% or more, reduces the loss of metal material.
Description
Technical field
This application involves 3D printing technique fields, in particular to a kind of preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder.
Background technique
Metal powder is the important branch of material industry, prepares workpiece using metal powder, has other materials institute nothing
The excellent properties that method obtains.With the appearance of 3D printing technique, the application of metal powder is pushed to another climax.Especially exist
Aerospace, automobile manufacturing field, the processing of the metal parts such as some hardly possible processing, configuration complexity, gradually by 3D printing technique reality
It is existing.
The metal powder of 3D printing demand, quality requirements are higher, and powder properties are the huge of limitation 3D printing technique development
Bottleneck.Therefore, the research and development of 3D printing proprietary material are the most important things of 3D printing technique development.The preparation of high-performance metal powder
Great attention by industrially developed country.
High pressure gas atomization with crucible is the main stream approach of current preparation 3D printing metal powder, and this method has
Following drawback: the grain shape for obtaining powder is not regular enough, it is necessary to can just obtain by repeatedly screening and inspection standard compliant
Particle size range, for fine powder recovery rate less than 30%, metal material loss is larger.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem or it at least is partially solved above-mentioned technical problem, to obtain grain shape circle
The metal powder of whole rule, this application provides a kind of preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder.
According to the preparation facilities of the 3D printing metal powder of the embodiment of the present application comprising transmission unit, ignition tip, mist
Change generator, first electrode and second electrode, wherein
The atomizing generator is connected with the second electrode；
Be formed with channel in the ignition tip, atomizing generator described in one end face in the channel, the ignition tip with
The first electrode is connected, and the first electrode and the second electrode have opposite polarity electricity；
The transmission unit is for wire to be sent in the ignition tip, after so that the wire is passed through the channel
Touch the atomizing generator.
Further, in the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder, the transmission unit includes third roller and
Four rollers, the third roller are driving wheel, and the 4th roller is driven wheel, the third roller and the 4th roller it
Between be formed with for by the gap of the wire, the one end in channel described in the gap face.
It further, further include orthopedic unit in the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder, the orthopedic unit is set
Set the two sides that the transmission unit is separately positioned on the ignition tip, the orthopedic unit for orthopedic to the wire,
The wire is set to be in tensioned state.
Further, in the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder, the orthopedic unit includes the first roller and the
Two rollers, first roller are spindle, and the wire tangentially bypasses described first at spindle tee section minimum position
Through tangentially entering the transmission unit by the second roller after roller.
Further, in the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder, the both ends of the ignition tip are cone cell, described
The diameter in channel is greater than the diameter of the wire.
Further, in the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder, the atomizing generator is hollow cylindrical rod.
Further, in the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder, the atomizing generator can be rotated along axis.
A kind of preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder provided in this embodiment passes through gold under high energy arc effect
The arc that category silk material contacts local moment with atomizer is quick-fried, can obtain metal powder, unit volume inner arc bursts into the metal of powder
Grain has respective running track, and mutually contactless, the contraction that metallic particles can complete itself to the greatest extent is frozen into spherical shape
Powder, regular shape, and fine powder recovery rate is improved, it can achieve 60% or more, reduce the loss of metal material.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, so that the application's is other
Feature, objects and advantages become more apparent upon.The illustrative examples attached drawing and its explanation of the application is for explaining the application, not
Constitute the improper restriction to the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows schematically the structural reference figure of the preparation facilities of the application 3D printing metal powder.
In figure:
1, wire；21, the first roller；22, the second roller；23, third roller；24, the 4th roller；3, ignition tip；41,
First electrode；42, second electrode；5, atomizing generator；6, conductor wire；7, the quick-fried powder of arc.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand application scheme, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
Attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of the application a part, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, all should belong to the model of the application protection
It encloses.
It should be noted that the description and claims of this application and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that using in this way
Data be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so as to embodiments herein described herein.In addition, term " includes " and " tool
Have " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing a series of steps or units
Process, method, system, product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to be clearly listed step or unit, but may include without clear
Other step or units listing to Chu or intrinsic for these process, methods, product or equipment.
In this application, term " on ", "lower", "inner", " in ", "outside", the orientation of the instructions such as "front", "rear" or position close
System is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings.These terms are primarily to better describe the application and its implementation
Example, is not intended to limit indicated device, element or component must have particular orientation, or carries out structure with particular orientation
It makes and operates.
Also, above-mentioned part term is other than it can be used to indicate that orientation or positional relationship, it is also possible to for indicating it
His meaning, such as term " on " also are likely used for indicating certain relations of dependence or connection relationship in some cases.For ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, the concrete meaning of these terms in this application can be understood as the case may be.
In addition, term " setting ", " connection ", " fixation " shall be understood in a broad sense.For example, " connection " may be a fixed connection,
It is detachably connected or monolithic construction；It can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection；It can be directly connected, or pass through centre
Medium is indirectly connected, or is two connections internal between device, element or component.For ordinary skill
For personnel, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in this application can be understood as the case may be.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder.The device includes
Transmission unit, ignition tip 3, atomizing generator 5, first electrode 41 and second electrode 42, wherein atomizing generator 5 and the second electricity
Pole 42 is connected；Channel, one end face atomizing generator 5 in channel, ignition tip 3 and 41 phase of first electrode are formed in ignition tip 3
Even, first electrode 41 and second electrode 42 have opposite polarity electricity；Transmission unit is used to wire 1 being sent to ignition tip 3
It is interior, atomizing generator 5 is touched after so that wire 1 is passed through channel.
In the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder provided by the above embodiment, due to first electrode 41 and the second electricity
Pole 42 has opposite polarity electricity, so that wire 1 and atomizing generator 5 have opposite polarity electricity, when the two contacts
It can produce high energy arc, under the action of high energy arc, contact the arc of local moment with atomizing generator 5 by wire 1
It is quick-fried, metal powder can be obtained, i.e. the quick-fried powder 7 of arc, the metallic particles that unit volume inner arc bursts into powder has respective running track, phase
Mutually contactless, the contraction that metallic particles can complete itself to the greatest extent is frozen into spherical powder, regular shape, and improves
Fine powder recovery rate, can achieve 60% or more, reduces the loss of metal material.
In some embodiments, transmission unit includes third roller 23 and the 4th roller 24, and third roller 23 is driving wheel,
4th roller 24 is driven wheel, and the gap for passing through wire 1, gap are formed between third roller 23 and the 4th roller 24
The one end in face channel.Gap of the wire 1 across third roller 23 and the 4th roller 24, stretches out inside ignition tip 3
Atomizing generator 5 is touched, confined explosion is at the quick-fried powder 7 of arc.It gap between third roller 23 and the 4th roller 24 can be according to wearing
The diameter adjustment of the wire 1 entered, maximal clearance 6mm.
In some embodiments, the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder further includes orthopedic unit, orthopedic unit with lead
Sparking plug 3 is separately positioned on the two sides of transmission unit, and orthopedic unit is in wire 1 and tightens shape for orthopedic to wire 1
State.Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, orthopedic unit includes the first roller 21 and the second roller 22, the first roller 21 is spindle, gold
Category silk 1 is passed through by the second roller 22 after tangentially bypassing the first roller 21 at spindle tee section minimum position tangentially into transmission list
Member enters the gap between third roller 23 and the 4th roller 24.
In some embodiments, the both ends of ignition tip 3 are cone cell, and the diameter of the diameter and wire 1 in channel matches,
I.e. the diameter in channel to guarantee that wire 1 passes through, and touches atomizing generator 5, leads slightly larger than the diameter of wire 1
One end of sparking plug 3 is connected with first electrode 41, charges wire 1 by conductor wire 6.
Atomizing generator 5 can be hollow pole structure, as shown in Figure 1, one end of atomizing generator 5 and second electrode
42 are connected, and make atomizing generator 5 with wire 1 with opposite electricity by conductor wire.When wire 1 and atomizing generator 5 contact,
Under the high energy arc effect locally generated, fusing explosion forms molten drop, since the effect of surface tension of liquid is shrunk to
Ball forms the metal powder with higher sphericity after solidification is cooling.
Preferably, atomizing generator 5 can rotate, thus prevent 5 surface of atomizing generator from burning because arc is quick-fried, it is caused
The secondary quick-fried conductive contact of arc is bad, can not the quick-fried phenomenon of continuous arc.For atomizing generator 5 after contacting with wire 1, rotation is certain
Angle exposes smooth finish surface, so that secondary arc occurs is quick-fried for wire 1.Specifically, atomizing generator 5 can be revolved around its axis
Turn.Wherein the device that rotates of driving atomizing generator 5 includes but is not limited to that motor direct-drive, motor pass through retarder drive
Dynamic, link assembly driving, gear driving etc.
More preferably, atomizing generator 5, which encloses, can carry out axial movement while rotating about the axis, i.e. atomization occurs
Relative to arc quick-fried position helical rotation occurs for device 5, and the surface area that can make full use of atomizing generator 5 is arranged such.
In some embodiments, the wheel of third roller and the 4th roller week periphery set rubber sleeve, can make wire
It will not be rolled deformation in transmit process, and bigger frictional force can be provided, prevent wire in transmit process from skidding.
In some embodiments, the outer surface of wire 1 is provided with magnetic material layer, and the material of magnetic material layer is selected as
Fe, Co, Ni element and its alloy, the wire 1 with magnetic material layer during arc is quick-fried, in the molten drop of formation with
And can have above-mentioned magnetic material in metallic particles after cooling, powder position, which is received, in the lower section of the quick-fried position of arc is provided with magnet,
Within the scope of the effective magnetic field that metallic particles after cooling enters magnet, it can be attracted to a magnet to move to and receive in powder device, it can be with
It is high effectively to solve the superfine powder disperse degree formed, it is difficult to which the technical issues of collecting, magnet can be permanent magnet or electromagnetism knot
Structure, it should be noted that metal is not interfered in the drop stage by the active force of magnet, after preventing drop from magnetizing between each other in design
Adsorpting aggregation enters back into the sphere of action of magnet after position on the lower is cooling.
Applicants have found that the diameter of wire has a direct impact the granularity of metal powder, it is found by experiment that, gold
The average particle size for belonging to powder increases with the increase of wire diameter.
The average particle size of metal powder increases with the increase of the gas pressure intensity in the quick-fried region of arc, dense due to gas molecule
Degree increases, and the collision probability of metallic vapour and gas molecule after arc is quick-fried can increase suddenly, and the free path of metallic vapour becomes smaller, metal steam
Bonding machine can become larger between vapour, promote the growth of powder particle, powder average particle size is caused to become larger.
It is found by test of many times analysis, when satisfaction has
4U/(πd2P)≥2.875*105When, each group is tested in the metal powder granulates granularity distribution result obtained, 45 μm≤
d(90)≤ 55 μm, i.e. powder proportions of the partial size less than 45-55 μm are not less than 90%, preferably to select.
In above formula,
Voltage of the U between first electrode and second electrode, unit V；
D is the diameter of wire, unit m；
P is the gas pressure intensity in the quick-fried region of arc, unit Pa.
It should be noted that can also include shell according to the preparation facilities of the 3D printing metal powder of above-described embodiment
Other necessary components such as body, gas shield device, receipts powder device, electric control gear and power device or structure, and corresponding cloth
Seated position and connection relationship can refer to same device in the prior art, not address connection relationship, operation and the work of structure respectively
Make principle for those of ordinary skill in the art and be known, is not described in detail herein.
Section Example is described in a progressive manner in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, is made skilled artisans appreciate that or realizing this hair
It is bright.Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and applied principle and features of novelty phase one herein
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder, which is characterized in that occur including transmission unit, ignition tip, atomization
Device, first electrode and second electrode, wherein
The atomizing generator is connected with the second electrode；
Be formed with channel in the ignition tip, atomizing generator described in one end face in the channel, the ignition tip with it is described
First electrode is connected, and the first electrode and the second electrode have opposite polarity electricity；
The transmission unit touches after so that the wire is passed through the channel for wire to be sent in the ignition tip
The atomizing generator.
2. the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transmission unit packet
Include third roller and the 4th roller, the third roller is driving wheel, and the 4th roller is driven wheel, the third roller with
The gap for passing through the wire, the one end in channel described in the gap face are formed between 4th roller.
3. the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include orthopedic list
Member, the orthopedic unit setting are separately positioned on the two sides of the transmission unit with the ignition tip, and the orthopedic unit is used for
It is orthopedic to the wire, so that the wire is in tensioned state.
4. the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the orthopedic unit packet
The first roller and the second roller are included, first roller is spindle, and the wire is cut at spindle tee section minimum position
To around after first roller through tangentially entering the transmission unit by the second roller.
5. the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the two of the ignition tip
End is cone cell, and the diameter in the channel is greater than the diameter of the wire.
6. the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the atomizing generator
For hollow cylindrical rod.
7. the preparation facilities of 3D printing metal powder according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the atomizing generator
It can be rotated along axis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910077449.0A CN109676148B (en) | 2019-01-28 | 2019-01-28 | Preparation facilities of metal powder for 3D printing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910077449.0A CN109676148B (en) | 2019-01-28 | 2019-01-28 | Preparation facilities of metal powder for 3D printing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109676148A true CN109676148A (en) | 2019-04-26 |
| CN109676148B CN109676148B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
Family
ID=66194749
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910077449.0A Active CN109676148B (en) | 2019-01-28 | 2019-01-28 | Preparation facilities of metal powder for 3D printing |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109676148B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115283683A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-11-04 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and system of high-sphericity and low-oxygen incremental titanium or titanium alloy powder |
| WO2024000919A1 (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-01-04 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and system for titanium or titanium alloy powder having high degree of sphericity and low oxygen increment |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109676148B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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