CN109669239B - Orthogonal splitting mode interference FANO resonance structure of photonic crystal waveguide - Google Patents
Orthogonal splitting mode interference FANO resonance structure of photonic crystal waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN109669239B CN109669239B CN201910007794.7A CN201910007794A CN109669239B CN 109669239 B CN109669239 B CN 109669239B CN 201910007794 A CN201910007794 A CN 201910007794A CN 109669239 B CN109669239 B CN 109669239B
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal splitting mode interference FANO resonance structure which comprises a two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide formed by arranging a plurality of dielectric columns with refractive indexes, wherein the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide comprises two waveguide ports and a point defect resonant cavity, the two waveguide ports are respectively arranged on two sides of the point defect resonant cavity, the point defect resonant cavity comprises four dielectric columns and a point defect dielectric column, the long side of the cross section of the point defect dielectric column is perpendicular to a waveguide axis, the length-width ratio of the point defect dielectric column is 2.4-2.6, the two sides of the point defect dielectric column are symmetrically and respectively provided with two dielectric columns, and the four dielectric columns and the centers of the point defect dielectric columns are equidistantly arranged at intervals. The invention has compact structure, is convenient for controlling the bright mode and the dark mode of Fano resonance, and is easy to realize integration with other photonic crystal devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photonic crystal point defect mode distribution and Fano resonance, in particular to a Fano resonance structure caused by photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal splitting mode interference.
Background
Photonic crystals have been the hot field of research in optical devices in recent years. Photonic crystals are crystal structures composed of materials of different dielectric constants by periodic lattice arrangements. When the electromagnetic wave propagates in the photonic crystal, the Bragg scattering causes the electromagnetic wave to be modulated to form an energy band structure, and the electromagnetic wave in a forbidden band can not propagate at all. The introduction of defects into the photonic crystal can realize the guidance and control of electromagnetic waves, so that various devices with different functions, such as photonic crystal lasers, filters, sensors and the like can be obtained.
Fano resonance is firstly discovered in the quantum field, and then a plurality of Fano resonance phenomena are discovered in the optical field, the main characteristics of the Fano resonance phenomena are that the Fano resonance phenomena have asymmetric line type and extremely narrow line width, the Fano resonance phenomena can be widely applied to the aspects of optical switches, lasers, biological sensing and the like, and a research heat tide is raised in the optical field in recent years. In general, the generation of optical Fano resonance requires two conditions: a. broadband mode or wider resonance mode, also called bright mode; b. the narrower resonance mode, also called the dark mode, has a pi difference in the phase of the two mode waves near the point of the narrow mode resonance spectrum. After the two modes are coupled and interfered, at a frequency with a phase difference of pi, the two modes are cancelled, a steep valley is formed, namely, a valley is formed near the resonance frequency of a dark mode, the intensity of the two modes is strengthened in a phase constructive part, and a peak is observed at a certain frequency. However, the prior literature reports that the construction of controllable photonic crystal Fano resonance requires a complex asymmetric structure to perform limited adjustment.
As the integration of photonic crystal devices increases, the volume requirements for photonic crystal devices are as small as possible. If the Fano resonance line type can be better adjusted and controlled while the structure is miniaturized and simplified, the application research of the optical Fano resonance will be further industrialized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal splitting mode interference FANO resonance structure which is simple and symmetrical in structure, overcomes the defects in the prior art, constructs two crossed waveguide modes through one point defect cavity, and can flexibly regulate and control a Fano resonance light mode and a dark mode.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference (FANO) resonance structure adapted to be disposed in a background medium having a refractive index, comprising:
the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide is formed by arranging a plurality of medium columns with refractive indexes, and comprises two waveguide ports and a point defect resonant cavity, wherein the two waveguide ports are respectively arranged on two sides of the point defect resonant cavity, the point defect resonant cavity comprises four medium columns and a point defect medium column, the two sides of the point defect medium column are symmetrically and respectively provided with two medium columns, the centers of the four medium columns and the center of the point defect medium column are equidistantly arranged at intervals, and the aspect ratio of the cross section of the point defect medium column is 2.4-2.6. Two crossed waveguide modes are constructed through the point defect resonant cavity, and therefore the photonic crystal Fano resonance is constructed.
Preferably, four of the dielectric pillars and the point defect dielectric pillar are arranged in the same straight line.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric pillars are arranged in a tetragonal lattice or a triangular lattice to form a two-dimensional photonic crystal.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the refractive index of the background medium is less than 1.5.
Preferably, the background medium is air, vacuum, or foam.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the refractive index of the dielectric cylinder is greater than 2.6.
Preferably, the material of the dielectric column is silicon or gallium arsenide.
Preferably, the cross section of the medium column is circular or regular polygon.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide has a width of 2a and a length of na, where a is a lattice constant of a photonic crystal in the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide, and n is an integer not less than 5.
Preferably, the cross section of the point defect medium column is rectangular or elliptical.
The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal splitting mode interference Fano resonance structure is widely applicable to any electromagnetic wave band, such as a microwave band, a millimeter wave band, a terahertz band, an infrared band or a visible light band. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the requirement that the conventional photonic crystal adjustable Fano resonance structure must have a complex asymmetric structure is broken through, the structure is simple and symmetrical, and the photonic crystal adjustable Fano resonance structure plays an important role in reducing the volume of an optical device;
(2) the method can flexibly realize the regulation and control of the Fano resonance bright mode and the Fano resonance dark mode, can more freely and continuously control the form of the Fano resonance mode, and provides a more convenient and flexible scheme for realizing a controllable electromagnetic field device in the future.
The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photonic crystal waveguide quadrature split mode interference Fano resonant structure in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an optical sub-band structure of a photonic crystal waveguide quadrature split mode interference Fano resonant structure in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an electric field distribution diagram of two defect modes of a photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference Fano resonant structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an electric field profile of a photonic crystal waveguide structure mode without splitting corresponding to the mode in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a transmission spectrum of a photonic crystal waveguide quadrature split mode interference Fano resonant structure in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: a background medium 00; a media column 01; a point defect dielectric pillar 02; the cross section height h of the point defect medium column; the cross section width w of the point defect medium column; a waveguide port 11; a waveguide port 12; and the width w1 of the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus the above terms are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5 of the drawings, a photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference (FANO) resonant structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is adapted to be disposed in a background medium 00 having a low refractive index, will be explained in the following description.
The refractive index of the background medium 00 is less than 1.5. In this embodiment, the background medium 00 is air. In other possible embodiments, the background medium 00 may also be other media with a refractive index less than 1.5, such as vacuum, foam, etc.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the FANO resonant structure of the photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal splitting mode interference comprises a two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide which is formed by arranging a plurality of dielectric columns 01 with refractive indexes. Preferably, the media pillars 01 are uniformly distributed in the background media 00.
Preferably, the dielectric pillars 01 are arranged in a square lattice to form a two-dimensional photonic crystal. The cross section of the medium column 01 is circular, the radius is 0.2 mu m, the cross section is on an x-y plane, and the axis of the cylinder is along the direction of a z axis. The dielectric column 01 is made of silicon, and the refractive index is 3.5.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in other possible embodiments, the two-dimensional photonic crystal may also be, but is not limited to, being formed by dielectric pillars arranged in a triangular lattice, and the cross section of the dielectric pillars may also be, but is not limited to, a regular polygon, and the material thereof may also be gallium arsenide.
Further, the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide comprises a waveguide port 11, a waveguide port 12, and a point defect resonant cavity, wherein the waveguide port 11 and the waveguide port 12 are respectively disposed on two sides of the point defect resonant cavity.
The point defect resonant cavity is arranged at the central position of the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide and comprises four dielectric columns 01 and a point defect dielectric column 02, wherein two dielectric columns 01 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the point defect dielectric column 02 respectively.
Preferably, the cross section of the point defect medium column 02 is rectangular, and the height-to-width ratio of the point defect medium column is 2.4-2.6. The point defect dielectric column 02 is made of the same material as the dielectric column 01, is also made of silicon, and has a refractive index of 3.5. In other possible embodiments, the cross section of the point-defect dielectric pillar 02 may also be an ellipse, and the material thereof may also be gallium arsenide.
Preferably, the respective centers of the four dielectric pillars 01 and the point-defect dielectric pillars 02 are equidistantly spaced.
Preferably, four dielectric columns 01 and point defect dielectric column 02 are arranged on the same straight line, so as to form a point defect linear resonant cavity.
The waveguide with the Fano resonance structure of the invention respectively corresponds to two waveguide ports, namely the waveguide port 11 and the waveguide port 12, and respectively serves as a waveguide incident port and a waveguide emergent port. The width w1 of the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide is 2a, the length is na, wherein n is an integer not less than 5, and a is the lattice constant of the photonic crystal in the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide. In the present embodiment, a is set to 1 μm.
Preferably, n is 15.
Fig. 2 and 3 are a diagram of a structure of a photonic band and a mode field distribution diagram when the rectangular point defect dielectric pillar 02 has a height h of 1 μm and a width w of 0.4031 μm, wherein fig. 2 is calculated by using a 7 × 7 waveguide structure. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the electric field distribution of the point defect characteristic pattern when the rectangular point defect dielectric column 02 has a height h of 0.4 μm and a width w of 0.1 μm, and the pattern has not yet been split because the point defect dielectric column is small at this time. Fig. 5 shows transmission spectra of the rectangular point defect medium column 02 having a height h of 1 μm and a width w of 0.3999 μm, 0.4014 μm, 0.4029 μm, 0.4044 μm and 0.4059 μm, respectively. As can be seen from fig. 5, the value of w directly affects the line type of Fano resonance, which indicates that the form of Fano resonance mode can be controlled by adjusting the size of the cross-sectional width w of the point defect dielectric pillar 02 or adjusting the refractive index of the point defect dielectric pillar 02.
Those skilled in the art can understand that the photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal splitting mode interference Fano resonant structure described in the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and as those skilled in the art select the corresponding material according to the technical solution disclosed in the present invention and according to the principle of photonic crystal equal scaling, that is, the relationship between the operating wavelength of the Fano resonant structure and the parameters such as the lattice constant of the photonic crystal, the size of the dielectric column in the photonic crystal, etc. satisfies the direct proportional relationship; and the same mode interference generates Fano resonance if other proportional structures are used for constructing.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The objects of the invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples, and any variations or modifications of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the principles.
Claims (10)
1. A photonic crystal waveguide quadrature split mode interference, FANO, resonant structure adapted to be disposed in a background medium having a refractive index, comprising:
the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide is formed by arranging a plurality of medium columns with refractive indexes, and comprises two waveguide ports and a point defect resonant cavity, wherein the two waveguide ports are respectively arranged on two sides of the point defect resonant cavity, the point defect resonant cavity comprises four medium columns and a point defect medium column, the two sides of the point defect medium column are symmetrically and respectively provided with two medium columns, the centers of the four medium columns and the center of the point defect medium column are equidistantly arranged at intervals, and the aspect ratio of the cross section of the point defect medium column is 2.4-2.6.
2. The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split-mode interference (FANO) resonant structure of claim 1, wherein four dielectric pillars and the point defect dielectric pillar are arranged in the same straight line.
3. The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split-mode interference (FANO) resonant structure as recited in claim 1, wherein the dielectric cylinders are arranged in a square lattice or a triangular lattice to form a two-dimensional photonic crystal.
4. The photonic crystal waveguide quadrature split mode interference (FANO) resonant structure of claim 1, wherein the background medium has a refractive index of less than 1.5.
5. The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference (FANO) resonant structure of claim 1 or 4, wherein the background medium is air, vacuum, or foam.
6. The photonic crystal waveguide quadrature split mode interference (FANO) resonant structure of claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the dielectric cylinder is greater than 2.6.
7. The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference (FANO) resonant structure of claim 1 or 6, wherein the material of the dielectric cylinder is silicon or gallium arsenide.
8. The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference (FANO) resonant structure of claim 1, wherein the cross section of the dielectric cylinder is circular or regular polygon.
9. The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference (FANO) resonance structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide has a width of 2a and a length of na, wherein a is a lattice constant of a photonic crystal in the two-dimensional photonic crystal linear waveguide, and n is an integer not less than 5.
10. The photonic crystal waveguide orthogonal split mode interference (FANO) resonant structure of claim 1, wherein the cross section of the point defect dielectric cylinder is rectangular or elliptical.
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| CN105353462A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-24 | 宁波大学 | Photonic crystal filter with reflection cavity |
| CN207623564U (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-07-17 | 西南科技大学 | The single fiber three-way optical device of cavity waveguide is coupled based on hetero-junction photon crystal |
| CN207937637U (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-10-02 | 西南科技大学 | Magnetic control cavity switches type ROADM based on 2 D photon crystal |
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| JP3721142B2 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2005-11-30 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Two-dimensional photonic crystal point defect interference optical resonator and optical reflector |
| CN102062987B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-06-13 | 南京邮电大学 | Terahertz modulator and modulation method of tunable resonant cavity of compound-structure photonic crystal |
| CN103885267B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-07-06 | 南京邮电大学 | Three wavelength terahertz wave modulator and the modulator approaches based on triple lattice photonic crystals |
| CN104570409B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2017-07-18 | 欧阳征标 | A kind of port photon crystal rings row device of compact six |
| CN104932119B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-11-14 | 南京邮电大学 | Vertical magnetic control plasma photon crystal terahertz wave modulator and modulator approach |
| CN104965319B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-09-29 | 南京邮电大学 | Parallel magnetic controlled plasma terahertz wave of photon crystal modulator and modulator approach |
| CN105022116B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-10-03 | 南昌航空大学 | Photonic crystal waveguide side two-chamber all-optical diode structure |
| CN107015309B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-09-10 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of low-loss broadband THz wave gradual change photon crystal filter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105353462A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-24 | 宁波大学 | Photonic crystal filter with reflection cavity |
| CN207623564U (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-07-17 | 西南科技大学 | The single fiber three-way optical device of cavity waveguide is coupled based on hetero-junction photon crystal |
| CN207937637U (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-10-02 | 西南科技大学 | Magnetic control cavity switches type ROADM based on 2 D photon crystal |
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