CN109664849B - Collision energy-absorbing box based on paper-cut pattern design - Google Patents
Collision energy-absorbing box based on paper-cut pattern design Download PDFInfo
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- CN109664849B CN109664849B CN201910030793.4A CN201910030793A CN109664849B CN 109664849 B CN109664849 B CN 109664849B CN 201910030793 A CN201910030793 A CN 201910030793A CN 109664849 B CN109664849 B CN 109664849B
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/023—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R2019/026—Buffers, i.e. bumpers of limited extent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of anti-collision structures of vehicles such as automobiles and trains, and relates to a collision energy absorption box designed based on paper-cut patterns. Compared with the common collision energy absorption box, one thin-wall pipe can be divided into a plurality of similar modules along the axial direction, and the paper-cut patterns are processed and manufactured in the corner area of each module, so that crease lines with different angles are formed according to different paper-cut patterns. According to the invention, the paper-cut pattern is introduced to remove redundant materials, so that the requirements of low peak force and high average force are met while the function of the collision energy absorption box is realized; the paper-cut pattern is convenient to cut and process, the whole structure can be cut and formed by a thin flat plate, the processing technology is simple, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the processing accuracy can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of anti-collision structures of vehicles such as automobiles and trains, and relates to a collision energy absorption box designed based on a paper-cut pattern, in particular to a collision energy absorption box device capable of absorbing kinetic energy in the collision process of various vehicles, which is a design for the safety of human bodies and goods during accidental collision.
Background
With the continuous development of science and technology, the running speed of various ground vehicles is continuously increased, and in turn, the life and property guarantee is gradually reduced after collision and accident. At present, an effective method for preventing serious consequences caused by collision accident is to install a specially designed collision energy absorption box at a section which is easy to contact with various vehicles. The common collision energy absorption box is a thin-wall structure pipe made of metal and various derived products thereof, and absorbs and dissipates impact energy through deformation of the pipe. The metal thin-wall pipe fitting has a wide application range, is applied to the fields of aerospace, trains, ships and the like, and has wide application in the automobile industry which is common in life.
The crash box is used as a main element for protecting in crash accident, and is generally connected with some parts which are likely to be collided, such as a bumper of an automobile, a cabin bottom of an airplane and the like. In the collision process, the collision energy absorption box converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into the plastic deformation performance of the local area of the vehicle, so that the damage to the human body, goods and other parts of the vehicle is minimized. The energy absorption performance of the anti-collision system can be effectively improved by increasing the number of the collision energy absorption boxes, but the high-quality structural configuration can save the design space, lighten the overall mass and provide more reliable safety guarantee for ground traffic.
The excellent crashworthiness of the crash box is generally judged by the following indexes:
(1) the peak load is lower, so that the force transmitted in the initial collision stage is ensured not to cause excessive damage to human bodies or cargos;
(2) has higher specific energy absorption (the specific energy absorption is defined as the ratio of the absorbed energy to the self mass);
(3) has a stable preset deformation mode.
Besides the above standards, the method still needs to meet actual requirements, for example, the manufacturing and processing flow is simple, the cost is low, and mass production can be realized. However, most of the thin-wall structures used for manufacturing the collision energy absorption boxes are square tubes or round tubes, and the energy absorption structures can transmit a high peak force when being impacted, so that reliable safety guarantee can not be brought to human bodies and goods. Thus, a number of structural designs for thin-walled energy absorber elements have been created. In order to improve the energy absorption efficiency of the crash box, a multi-cell structure is introduced by a plurality of designs. For example, in the patent with the invention name of "car crash box based on periodic honeycomb structure inner core", publication number CN107856743A, the structure is formed by continuously expanding honeycomb unit cells in a three-dimensional space, the energy absorption density is large, the energy absorption stability is high, but the problem of overlarge initial peak force load still exists. In the aspect of reducing the initial peak force, the method for changing the thickness of the tube wall of the collision energy absorption box is an effective scheme and is named as a continuous variable-thickness automobile energy absorption box, in the patent with the publication number of CN204340947U, a plurality of continuous variable-thickness steel plates which are gradually thickened from the front end to the rear end are used for forming the collision energy absorption box, and due to different rigidity distributions, the collision energy absorption box can be sequentially collapsed in a symmetrical telescoping manner in the collision process.
In summary, there is a need to provide a thin-walled tube with high designability, reasonable processing cost, and good crashworthiness, so as to better meet the actual requirements of the thin-walled tube as a crash energy-absorbing box.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to better meet the actual requirements and improve the designability of the collision energy-absorbing box, the invention provides the collision energy-absorbing box device which has strong designability, high specific energy-absorbing rate and is designed based on the paper-cut pattern, thereby providing better choices for the actual requirements.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a collision energy-absorbing box based on paper-cut pattern design is composed of one or more collision energy-absorbing box modules distributed along the axial direction, and the structure of each single collision energy-absorbing box module is as follows: thin-walled tube members having different polygonal cross-sections; materials are removed in each corner area through a paper-cut technology, and paper-cut patterns are processed, so that crease lines with different angles are formed according to different paper-cut patterns, and the collision energy absorption box generates an extension deformation mode with good energy absorption performance in the collision process.
The section of the collision energy absorption box changes the section shape of the thin-wall pipe with the polygonal section according to the distribution form of the paper-cut pattern, for example: polygonal cross-sections such as quadrangular cross-sections and hexagonal cross-sections.
The overall shape of the crash box is uniform-section straight or variable-section inclined along the axial direction.
The single module of the collision energy absorption box along the axial direction adopts the same paper-cut pattern or different paper-cut patterns; the cut pattern for each corner in a single module may be the same or different.
The paper-cut pattern includes a paper-cut pattern with a modified shape in the corner area, for example, a triangular paper-cut pattern, a trapezoidal paper-cut pattern, and the like.
The paper-cut pattern comprises a step of modifying the size of the paper-cut pattern in the corner area; the heights of the collision energy absorption box modules are equal or unequal.
The collision energy absorption box is formed by welding or integrally manufacturing multiple material plates through wire cutting after redundant materials are removed.
The two ends of the crash box can be connected with the automobile and other vehicle parts through welding or other end forms.
According to the invention, the paper-cut pattern is introduced into the structural design of the thin-wall collision energy absorption box, and the paper-cut pattern can be designed according to different actual requirements, so that the collision energy absorption box is subjected to a more reasonable preset deformation mode, the peak load is reduced, and the energy absorption capacity is improved, which is also the core content of the invention. The significant difference of the invention compared with the common thin-wall pipe with a rectangular or polygonal section is that each corner region of the polygon is processed and designed according to a specific paper-cut pattern, so that the whole structure is formed by a plurality of trapezoids in appearance. Due to the introduction of the paper-cut pattern, the manufactured thin-wall pipe fitting has creases with certain angles, so that the preset section of the pipe fitting can generate large in-plane tensile deformation in the collision process, and an extension deformation mode with high energy absorption efficiency is obtained, so that the collision resistance of the whole structure is improved, namely the energy absorption ratio is improved. On the other hand, because the paper-cut pattern has stronger designability, different paper-cut pattern designs are carried out under different actual requirements, and the pipe fitting can effectively adapt to various load working conditions to generate a preset deformation mode, thereby improving the specific energy absorption rate. It should be noted that the paper-cut pattern includes modifications to the paper-cut position and shape, and the present invention adopts the same paper-cut pattern design or different paper-cut pattern designs along the axial direction.
The overall shape of the crash box is either constant-section straight or inclined in a variable cross-section in the axial direction. The design of the variable cross-section crash box means that the crash box is partially rectangular, partially trapezoidal or totally trapezoidal when viewed from the side, and the design requires that adjacent crash box modules have a proportional amplification or reduction relationship.
In terms of processing technology, the crash box can be processed by using an integral casting process, the method is low in cost in industrial production, and a casting mold can be used for multiple times, but the crash box designed based on the paper-cut pattern has the characteristics of strong designability, adaptability to different requirements and more variable processing parameters, so that the manufacturing difficulty is greatly increased by continuously changing the casting mold.
Based on the characteristic of strong designability, the second manufacturing method of the invention is to process one or more paper-cut patterns introduced by the processes of numerical control linear cutting and the like into single modules along the axial direction, wherein the adjacent free edges of each module can be connected with each other by other processes of welding and the like. The laser welding method is recommended by the invention, so that the requirements of accurate butt joint, firmness and the like can be met, and a preset deformation mode is generated when the structure absorbs energy so as to meet the requirements of collision energy absorption.
The third is to adopt more advanced additive manufacturing technology to carry out metal powder layering, but the technology is not completely mature at present, so the consumption cost is higher and the time cost is longer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: redundant materials are removed by introducing paper-cut patterns, so that the requirements of low peak force and high average force are met while the function of the collision energy absorption box is realized; the paper-cut pattern is convenient to cut and process, the whole structure can be cut and formed by a thin flat plate, the processing technology is simple, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the processing accuracy can be improved. The impact energy absorption box can generate an extension deformation mode with better energy absorption performance in the impact process instead of a diamond deformation mode or other deformation modes generated by presetting folds in a paper folding process.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a plan expanded view of a square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box of the present invention;
FIG. 1(b) is a schematic diagram of a square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box according to the present invention after being formed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the load displacement curves of the variable cross-section square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box of the present invention and the conventional square crash box;
FIG. 3(a) is a plan expanded view of a variable cross-section square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box of the present invention;
FIG. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of a variable cross-section square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box according to the present invention after being formed;
FIG. 4(a) is a plan view of a square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box with a constant cross-section end frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of a square-section paper-cut pattern crash box with a constant-section end frame according to the present invention after being formed;
FIG. 5(a) is a plan view of a hexagonal cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box of the present invention;
FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of a hexagonal-section paper-cut pattern crash box according to the present invention after being formed;
in the figure: 1, a paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box with a square cross section; 2, the paper-cut pattern with the square cross section collides with the square cross section of the energy absorption box; 3 introducing a paper-cut pattern back boundary; 4, a single module of the square-section paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box; 5 paper-cut pattern shape, namely, removed material shape; 6, performing free edge butt joint after removing materials; 7, a collision energy absorption box with a square cross-section paper-cut pattern with a variable cross section; 8, single modules of the square-section paper-cut pattern with variable cross sections collide with the energy absorption box; 9, a square cross-section paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box with an equal cross-section end frame; 10 a single module of a square cross-section paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box with a uniform cross-section end frame; 11, a paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box with a hexagonal section; the 12-hexagon cross-section paper-cut pattern impacts a single module of the crash box.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Throughout the drawings, identical or corresponding elements are generally indicated by identical reference numerals. It is to be noted that all the figures are only illustrative representations of the invention and the invention is not limited to these representations. Moreover, the parts in the figures are not necessarily to scale. Under certain circumstances, details that do not affect the understanding of the invention or that may affect the understanding of other details may be omitted.
Example 1: one embodiment of a square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box is shown in fig. 1(a) and 1 (b).
The square-section paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box is characterized in that the square section 2 of the square-section paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box is square. By using a second processing technology, the crash box is formed by assembling two same modules, fig. 1(a) is a schematic plane development view of a paper-cut pattern crash box with a square section, and fig. 1(b) is a forming diagram of the paper-cut pattern crash box with the square section, and is used for specifically describing the shape design of the paper-cut pattern crash box 1 with the square section. In the present invention, the crash box adopts a modular design concept, wherein the single module 4 of the square-section paper-cut pattern crash box refers to the smallest module that can constitute the crash box. Crash boxes of different lengths can be obtained by axially stacking several individual modules. FIG. 1(a), which depicts the deployed shape of the crash box, is not necessarily the same length in the axial direction for the individual modules, is a sheet processing drawing in FIG. 1(a), wherein the dashed lines represent the portions to be cut, i.e., the cut pattern shapes 5, and the solid lines represent the outwardly convex creases 6 for abutting the free edges after the cut pattern is introduced. Since the number of the paper-cut patterns is 4, 4 corner connection regions can be found in a single module after molding. After each module is formed, the modules are connected to form a forming diagram of the impact absorption box with a paper-cut pattern with a square cross section as shown in figure 1 (b).
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram comparing load displacement curves of a paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box with a square cross section and a traditional square collision energy absorption box, and it can be found that the paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box can effectively reduce initial peak force and the average force is greatly improved.
Example 2: FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) illustrate an embodiment of a variable cross-section box for impact absorption with a square cross-section paper-cut pattern.
By variable cross-section is meant that the cross-section varies at the same location along the axial direction for different cells, and the box need only be modified from the cut-out pattern of figure 1(a) as opposed to the square cross-section box described in example 1. The adjusted paper-cut pattern is shown in fig. 3(a), the impact absorption box 7 with the square cross-section and the single module 8 of the impact absorption box with the square cross-section are shown in the figure, and the impact absorption boxes with the paper-cut pattern with other cross-sections can be obtained by modifying the number and the shape of the paper-cut patterns besides the square cross-sections, which is not an example.
Example 3: FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) illustrate one embodiment of a square cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box with a constant cross-section end frame.
The square-section paper-cut pattern collision energy absorption box with the equal-section end frame is characterized in that the section of the energy absorption box is square. And is formed by splicing a common square section pipe and a paper-cut pattern pipe from the appearance. However, as can be seen from fig. 4(a), the design of the paper-cut pattern is not limited to a single geometric figure, and the configuration design can be made by introducing a combined pattern. Similarly, the lengths of the single modules 10 of the square-section paper-cut pattern crash boxes with the equal-section end frames along the axial direction can be different, and the boundaries 3 of the paper-cut patterns introduced into the single modules 10 of the square-section paper-cut pattern crash boxes with the equal-section end frames can be different.
Example 4: fig. 5(a) and 5(a) illustrate an embodiment of a hexagonal cross-section paper-cut pattern crash box.
The hexagonal-section paper-cut pattern crash box 11 means that the section of the box is hexagonal. Because the paper-cut patterns are similar in shape, the processing technology of the impact absorption box with the hexagonal cross section and the square cross section is similar, and the cross section is changed by adjusting the number of the paper-cut patterns. Likewise, the lengths of the individual modules 12 of the crash box may differ along the axial direction of the hexagonal-section paper-cut pattern, and the boundaries 3 may differ after the paper-cut pattern is introduced into the modules 10.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a crash box based on paper-cut pattern design which characterized in that, crash box constitute by one or more crash box module along axial distribution, the structure of single crash box module is as follows: thin-walled tube members having different polygonal cross-sections; materials are removed in each corner area through a paper-cut technology, and paper-cut patterns are processed, so that crease lines with different angles are formed according to different paper-cut patterns, and the collision energy absorption box generates an extension deformation mode with good energy absorption performance in the collision process.
2. The crash box designed based on the paper-cut pattern as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the crash box is formed by changing the cross sectional shape of the thin-walled tube with the polygonal cross section according to the distribution form of the paper-cut pattern, and the cross sectional shape includes a quadrangular cross section and a hexagonal cross section.
3. The crash box designed based on the paper-cut pattern according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the overall shape of the crash box is constant-section straight or variable-section inclined along the axial direction.
4. The crash box designed based on the paper-cut pattern according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the same paper-cut pattern or different paper-cut patterns are adopted by the single module along the axial direction; the cut pattern for each corner in a single module may be the same or different.
5. The crash box designed based on the paper-cut pattern according to claim 3, wherein the same paper-cut pattern or different paper-cut patterns are adopted by the single module along the axial direction; the cut pattern for each corner in a single module may be the same or different.
6. The crash box designed according to the paper-cut pattern of claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the paper-cut pattern comprises a modification of the shape of the paper-cut pattern in the corner region, including triangle and trapezoid; the paper-cut pattern comprises a step of modifying the size of the paper-cut pattern in the corner area; the heights of the collision energy absorption box modules are equal or unequal.
7. The crash box designed according to the paper-cut pattern of claim 3, wherein the paper-cut pattern comprises a modification of the shape of the paper-cut pattern in the corner region, including triangles and trapezoids; the paper-cut pattern comprises a step of modifying the size of the paper-cut pattern in the corner area; the heights of the collision energy absorption box modules are equal or unequal.
8. The crash box designed according to the paper-cut pattern of claim 4, wherein the paper-cut pattern comprises a modification of the shape of the paper-cut pattern in the corner region, including triangles and trapezoids; the paper-cut pattern comprises a step of modifying the size of the paper-cut pattern in the corner area; the heights of the collision energy absorption box modules are equal or unequal.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111186403B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2022-11-18 | 大连理工大学 | Collision energy-absorbing box based on end creases |
| CN111619485B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-02-23 | 长沙理工大学 | Working method of fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device |
| CN113135159B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2024-07-26 | 华侨大学 | Collision energy absorbing device based on paper folding structure |
| CN113119898A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-07-16 | 华侨大学 | Collision energy absorption box |
| CN114454911B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-06-02 | 中南大学 | Multi-pipe combined energy absorbing device |
| CN115534852B (en) * | 2022-10-22 | 2024-05-03 | 中南大学 | Multitube energy-absorbing device based on pipe fitting height-induced ring distribution differentiation design |
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