CN109659679B - Broadband microstrip antenna based on communication frequency band - Google Patents
Broadband microstrip antenna based on communication frequency band Download PDFInfo
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- CN109659679B CN109659679B CN201811408735.2A CN201811408735A CN109659679B CN 109659679 B CN109659679 B CN 109659679B CN 201811408735 A CN201811408735 A CN 201811408735A CN 109659679 B CN109659679 B CN 109659679B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband microstrip antenna based on a communication frequency band, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation unit, an impedance matching input transmission line and a metal grounding plate. The radiation unit is a single-layer metal patch which is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and subjected to slotting treatment. One end of the impedance matching input transmission line is connected with the radiation patch, and the other end of the impedance matching input transmission line is connected with the bottom end of the upper surface of the substrate. The invention has the advantages of wider frequency band, higher gain and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic energy receiving antennas, and particularly relates to a communication frequency band-based broadband microstrip antenna for receiving radio frequency energy in an environment.
Background
With the continuous development of modern smart homes and internet of things technology, small low-power electronic devices based on sensors and the like are widely applied to daily life. The power supply problem of a large number of electronic devices can be effectively solved by utilizing the environment radio frequency energy collection technology, and the labor cost and the environmental pollution caused by battery replacement can be reduced. The core of the rf energy harvesting technology is the design of small and efficient receiving antennas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a broadband microstrip antenna based on a communication frequency band, which has a simple structure and a reasonable design, and has a wider frequency band and higher gain compared with other antennas. The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems, and the broadband microstrip antenna based on the communication frequency band is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiation unit, an impedance matching input transmission line and a metal grounding plate, wherein the radiation unit is a slotted metal patch attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate is made of FR4 with a dielectric constant epsilonr4.2, thickness d 1.5mm, length 50mm, width 35 mm. The design shape and size of the antenna radiation unit meet the following requirements, and the main body part of the antenna radiation unit is obtained by slotting on the basis of a rectangle with the length of 33.83mm and the width of 31.69 mm. Firstly, two L-shaped grooves are formed, and each L-shaped groove is formed by combining two rectangular grooves with the length of 20.12mm, the width of 2mm and the length of 26mm and the width of 2 mm. The two L-shaped grooves are respectively distributed at the upper left position and the lower right position of the radiation unit and are in central symmetry. A large circle with the radius of 4mm and a small circle with the radius of 2.5mm are internally tangent, the crescent part left by the cut small circle of the large circle is divided by the connecting line of the centers of the two circles, and the obtained irregular figure isForming the basis of the central four annular notches. Of the four notches, the upper notch and the lower notch are respectively connected with the L-shaped groove through a rectangle with the length of 8mm and the width of 0.6mm and a rectangle with the length of 8mm and the width of 0.9 mm; the left notch and the right notch are respectively connected with the rectangular notch with the length of 7mm and the width of 0.8mm but not connected with the L-shaped groove. The impedance matching input transmission line is a rectangle with the length of 12.88mm and the width of 4mm, and is connected with the radiation unit and the bottom end of the upper surface of the antenna. The metal grounding plate is formed by combining a groove and a pattern on a rectangle with the length of 35mm and the width of 8.8 mm. And establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the left end point of the bottom end of the lower surface of the antenna as an origin, taking two edges of the dielectric substrate as an x axis and a y axis and taking 1mm as unit length. In the first step, four circles formed by taking four points (5.5,11), (3,10), (29.5,11) and (32,10) as the centers of circles and taking 3mm as the radius are combined with the rectangle into a whole. And in the second step, four rectangular slots are formed by taking four groups of coordinates of (0,2.48), (0,3.66), (9,2.48), (9,3.66) and (0,4.95), (0,6.14), (9,4.95), (9,6.14) and (35,2.48), (35,3.66), (26,2.48), (26,3.66) and (35,4.95), (35,6.14), (26,4.95) and (26,6.14) as end points.
The invention has the technical effects that: the broadband microstrip antenna based on the communication frequency band has higher gain and can receive radio frequency signals in a wider frequency band from 2.1GHz to 3.1 GHz.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wideband microstrip antenna radiating element based on a communication frequency band;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal ground plate of a broadband microstrip antenna based on communication frequency band;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband microstrip antenna based on communication frequency band;
FIG. 4 is a return loss diagram of a broadband microstrip antenna based on communication frequency bands;
fig. 5 is a gain diagram of a broadband microstrip antenna based on a communication band.
In the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, 2, an impedance matching input transmission line, 3, a radiating unit, 4 and a metal grounding plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the specific implementation process of the present invention will be described in detail, clearly and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The core part of the invention is the broadband microstrip antenna design based on the communication frequency band, and the size of the rectangular patch of the radiation unit, the size and the thickness of the dielectric substrate need to be theoretically estimated during the design of the microstrip antenna, so that the broadband microstrip antenna based on the communication frequency band and suitable for specific frequency can be more quickly and accurately found during a simulation experiment. Therefore, the following explains the theoretical calculation method of each data parameter of the microstrip antenna by taking a rectangular microstrip antenna as an example.
Patch size L × W, patch width W is:
in the formula (1), c is the speed of light, f0Is the center frequency of the forbidden band, epsilonrIs the relative dielectric constant.
Relative effective dielectric constant epsilon of microstrip antenna dielectric substratereComprises the following steps:
h represents the thickness of the dielectric layer, and in order to reduce the influence of the surface wave radiation on the antenna performance, the thickness of the dielectric substrate should satisfy the following theoretical calculation formula:
wherein f isuThe highest frequency of operation of the microstrip antenna.
The equivalent radiating slot length △ L of the microstrip antenna is:
the length L of the microstrip antenna patch is:
size L of grounding plateg×WgSatisfies the following theoretical formula
Lg≥L+6h (6)
Wg≥W+6h (7)
The rectangular microstrip antenna uses coaxial lines for feeding, and after the length and the width of the rectangular patch are determined, standard impedance of 50 omega is generally added into the microstrip antenna.
The broadband microstrip antenna based on the communication frequency band as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiating unit, an impedance matching input transmission line and a metal grounding plate, wherein the radiating unit is a tree-shaped single-layer metal patch attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate is made of FR4 with a dielectric constant epsilonr4.2, thickness d 1.5mm, length 50mm, width 35 mm. The design shape and size of the antenna radiation unit meet the following requirements, and the main body part of the antenna radiation unit is obtained by slotting on the basis of a rectangle with the length of 33.83mm and the width of 31.69 mm. Firstly, two L-shaped grooves are formed, and each L-shaped groove is formed by combining two rectangular grooves with the length of 20.12mm, the width of 2mm and the length of 26mm and the width of 2 mm. The two L-shaped grooves are respectively distributed at the upper left position and the lower right position of the radiation unit and are in central symmetry. A large circle with the radius of 4mm and a small circle with the radius of 2.5mm are internally tangent, the crescent part left by the large circle with the small circle cut off is divided by the connecting line of the centers of the two circles, and the obtained irregular figure is the basis for forming four annular notches in the center. Of the four notches, the upper notch and the lower notch are respectively connected with the L-shaped groove through a rectangle with the length of 8mm and the width of 0.6mm and a rectangle with the length of 8mm and the width of 0.9 mm; the left notch and the right notch are respectively connected with the rectangular notch with the length of 7mm and the width of 0.8mm but not connected with the L-shaped groove. The impedance matching input transmission line is a rectangle with the length of 12.88mm and the width of 4mm, and is connected with the radiation unit and the bottom end of the upper surface of the antenna. The metal grounding plate is formed by combining a groove and a pattern on a rectangle with the length of 35mm and the width of 8.8 mm. Two edges of the dielectric substrate with the left end point of the bottom end of the lower surface of the antenna as the originA rectangular plane coordinate system is established for the x-axis and the y-axis with the unit length of 1 mm. In the first step, four circles formed by taking four points (5.5,11), (3,10), (29.5,11) and (32,10) as the centers of circles and taking 3mm as the radius are combined with the rectangle into a whole. And in the second step, four rectangular slots are formed by taking four groups of coordinates of (0,2.48), (0,3.66), (9,2.48), (9,3.66) and (0,4.95), (0,6.14), (9,4.95), (9,6.14) and (35,2.48), (35,3.66), (26,2.48), (26,3.66) and (35,4.95), (35,6.14), (26,4.95) and (26,6.14) as end points.
Fig. 4 is a return loss diagram of the wideband microstrip antenna based on the communication frequency band, and it can be known that the wideband microstrip antenna based on the communication frequency band has a lower return loss in the range from 2.1GHz to 3.1GHz, and has a wideband characteristic.
Fig. 5 is a gain diagram of a broadband microstrip antenna based on communication frequency bands, and it can be seen from the diagram that the antenna gain tends to rise in a higher level between 2.0GHz and 3.4 GHz.
The foregoing embodiments illustrate the principles, principal features and advantages of the invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the principles of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The broadband microstrip antenna based on the communication frequency band is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiating unit, an impedance matching input transmission line and a metal grounding plate, wherein the radiating unit is a slotted metal patch attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate is made of FR4, and the dielectric constant epsilonr4.2, the thickness d is 1.5mm, the length is 50mm, the width is 35mm, the design shape and the size of the antenna radiation unit meet the following requirements, and the main body part of the antenna radiation unit is obtained by slotting on the basis of a rectangle with the length of 33.83mm and the width of 31.69 mm; firstly, two L-shaped grooves are formed, each L-shaped groove is formed by combining two rectangular grooves with the length of 20.12mm, the width of 2mm, the length of 26mm and the width of 2mm, and the two L-shaped groovesThe radiation units are respectively distributed at the upper left position and the lower right position of the radiation unit and are in central symmetry; the central part of the radiation unit main body is provided with four annular notches, each annular notch is formed by internally cutting a large circle with the radius of 4mm and a small circle with the radius of 2.5mm, the crescent part left by cutting off the small circle by the large circle is formed by connecting lines of two circle centers, among the four notches, the notch positioned at the upper left corner is connected with an L-shaped groove distributed at the upper left part of the radiation unit through a rectangular notch with the length of 8mm and the width of 0.6mm, the notch positioned at the lower right corner is connected with an L-shaped groove distributed at the lower right part of the radiation unit through a rectangular notch with the length of 8mm and the width of 0.9 mm; the two notches positioned at the lower left corner and the upper right corner are respectively connected with a rectangular notch with the length of 7mm and the width of 0.8mm but not connected with the L-shaped groove; the impedance matching input transmission line is a rectangle with the length of 12.88mm and the width of 4mm, and is connected with the radiation unit and the bottom end of the upper surface of the antenna; the metal grounding plate is formed by combining a groove and a pattern on a rectangle with the length of 35mm and the width of 8.8mm, taking the left end point of the bottom end of the lower surface of the antenna as an origin, taking two edges of the dielectric substrate as an x axis and a y axis, establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking 1mm as a unit length, firstly, four circles formed by taking four points of (5.5,11), (3,10), (29.5,11) and (32,10) as the center of a circle and taking 3mm as the radius are combined with the rectangle into a whole, and in the second step, four rectangular slots are formed by taking four sets of coordinates of (0,2.48), (0,3.66), (9,2.48), (9,3.66) and (0,4.95), (0,6.14), (9,4.95), (9,6.14) and (35,2.48), (35,3.66), (26,2.48), (26,3.66) and (35,4.95), (35,6.14), (26,4.95) and (26,6.14) as end points.
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| CN111753434B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-06-07 | 湖南华诺星空电子技术有限公司 | Ultra-narrow-band navigation interference antenna design method, antenna and application thereof |
| CN113437522A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Miniaturized broadband circularly polarized antenna with reflecting surface structure |
| CN114400440B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-24 | 之江实验室 | Broadband terahertz electromagnetic structure for photoelectric detection |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7598913B2 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2009-10-06 | Research In Motion Limited | Slot-loaded microstrip antenna and related methods |
| CN104953273A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-09-30 | 云南大学 | Small-sized coplanar waveguide fed ultra-wide band antenna |
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| US7202831B2 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-04-10 | Darts Technologies Corp. | Multi-band frequency loop-slot antenna |
| US7427957B2 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2008-09-23 | Mark Iv Ivhs, Inc. | Patch antenna |
| CN203218441U (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-09-25 | 中国计量学院 | Coplanar waveguide-type crescent-shaped groove single band antenna |
| CN204732535U (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-10-28 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Edge many rectangular channels three-frequency antenna |
| CN105305045B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-11-07 | 厦门大学 | T-shaped/oblique L-type drainage gap double-frequency broadband double-circle polarization micro-strip laminated antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7598913B2 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2009-10-06 | Research In Motion Limited | Slot-loaded microstrip antenna and related methods |
| CN104953273A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-09-30 | 云南大学 | Small-sized coplanar waveguide fed ultra-wide band antenna |
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