CN109659646A - A kind of cathodic protection system and method for air cell - Google Patents

A kind of cathodic protection system and method for air cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109659646A
CN109659646A CN201811575300.7A CN201811575300A CN109659646A CN 109659646 A CN109659646 A CN 109659646A CN 201811575300 A CN201811575300 A CN 201811575300A CN 109659646 A CN109659646 A CN 109659646A
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electrolyte
air cell
oil
anode
cavity
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CN109659646B (en
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董正豪
薛业建
李怀宇
刘素娟
刘兆平
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Ningbo Graphene Innovation Center Co Ltd
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Ningbo Graphene Innovation Center Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/02Details

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cathodic protection system of air cell and methods; system includes: oil storage tank, metering pump, electrolyte liquid reserve tank, electrolyte pump and electrolyte exhaust-valve; the inlet and outlet of the oil storage tank connect the metering pump by pipeline road, and the metering pump is imported and exported by the oil circuit that pipeline road connects the air cell;The outlet of the electrolyte liquid reserve tank connects the electrolyte pump by infusion pipeline, and the electrolyte pump connects the electrolyte inlet of the air cell by infusion pipeline;The import of the electrolyte liquid reserve tank connects the electrolyte exhaust-valve by infusion pipeline, and the electrolyte exhaust-valve connects the electrolyte outlet of the air cell by infusion pipeline.By implementing system and method for the invention, solves the problems, such as that anodic attack is serious under metal-air battery open-circuit condition, push metal-air battery system really practical and the marketization, be achieved metal-air battery large-scale application.

Description

A kind of cathodic protection system and method for air cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cathodic protection systems and side of metal-air battery technical field more particularly to a kind of air cell Method.
Background technique
Metal-air battery is with the more negative metal of electrode potential such as magnesium, aluminium, zinc, mercury, Tie Dengzuo cathode, in air Oxygen or pure oxygen make the battery of anode.(such as aluminum metal air cell is theoretical with the theoretical specific energy of its superelevation for metal-air battery Specific energy is 8046Wh/kg), it has been a concern, is deemed applicable to off-network energy supplying system and power device increases most having for journey The power supply of future.However, the metal active due to anode is greater than hydrogen, evolving hydrogen reaction can occur in aqueous solution, deposit for metal anode It is reacted in serious self-corrosion, under no-load condition, anode self-discharge is also very serious, and battery stores one under open-circuit condition The self-discharge rate of the moon causes anode utilization rate very low, metal-air battery can not be commercialized more than 80%, it is difficult to meet real Border use demand.Even with current state-of-the-art corrosion inhibition means, researchers propose multiple technologies way for decades Diameter solves the problems, such as the gas-evolving electrodes of aluminum honeycomb, comprising:
(1) anode alloy;
(2) liberation of hydrogen inhibitor is added in electrolyte;
(3) gel electrolyte;
(4) ionic liquid electrolyte;
(5) electrolyte is emptied after battery stops working, and with water or acid solution cleaning electrode surface.
But, above-mentioned solution route is to sacrifice battery specific energy and specific power as cost, and alloying and liberation of hydrogen inhibit Though agent can effectively reduce the corrosion rate of air cell in the operating condition, need additionally to increase under open-circuit condition solution and Associated vessel;Though the use of gel and ionic liquid electrolyte can make the corrosion rate of anode reduce about three orders of magnitude, this Also the conductivity of electrolyte can be reduced simultaneously, so that battery specific power be made to be substantially reduced, these methods make system structure and control System complex, it is difficult to realize commercialization.
Therefore, how not losing as far as possible/lose metal-air battery specific energy less and in the case where specific power, improve gold The anode utilization rate for belonging to air cell, is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the cathodic protection system and method for a kind of air cell, with solve it is existing in the prior art at least The above technical problem.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of cathodic protection system of air cell, comprising: oil storage tank, metering pump, electrolyte Liquid reserve tank, electrolyte pump and electrolyte exhaust-valve,
The inlet and outlet of the oil storage tank connect the metering pump by pipeline road, and the metering pump is connected by pipeline road Connect the oil circuit inlet and outlet of the air cell;
The outlet of the electrolyte liquid reserve tank connects the electrolyte pump by infusion pipeline, and the electrolyte pump passes through defeated Liquid pipeline connects the electrolyte inlet of the air cell;
The import of the electrolyte liquid reserve tank connects the electrolyte exhaust-valve, the electrolyte emptying by infusion pipeline Valve connects the electrolyte outlet of the air cell by infusion pipeline.
In an embodiment, the air cell include: anode cavity, anode strip, cathode cavity, cathode sheets and every From film;
The anode strip is connected with anode cavity, and the anode strip has anode output end;
The cathode sheets are connected with cathode cavity, and the cathode sheets have cathode end;
It is separated between the anode cavity and the cathode cavity with the isolation film;
The oil circuit inlet and outlet of the air cell are set to the anode cavity.
In an embodiment, the isolation film is hydrophily water-oil separationg film.
In an embodiment, the diameter of the isolation film is selected as in [50nm, 100nm] range.
In an embodiment, what is stored in the oil storage tank is the preservative oil of resistance to highly basic.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of cathode protecting process of air cell, applied to air cell of the invention Cathodic protection system, this method comprises:
In the air cell no-load condition, control electrolyte pump is closed, and electrolyte exhaust-valve is opened, described in emptying Electrolyte in air cell internal cavity;
According to the metric results of metering pump, when the electrolyte in the air cell internal cavity is empty, described in control Metering pump injects the preservative oil in oil storage tank in the anode cavity of the air cell, makes the anode metal of the air cell It is immersed in the preservative oil.
In an embodiment, the method also includes:
When the air cell needs to enter load condition, the metering pump is controlled by the anode cavities of the air cell Preservative oil is drawn back in the oil storage tank in body;
According to the metric results of metering pump, the preservative oil in the anode cavity of the air cell all draws back the storage When in oil tank, controls the electrolyte exhaust-valve and close, the electrolyte pump is opened, by the electrolysis in the electrolyte liquid reserve tank Liquid refills in the cavity of the air cell.
In an embodiment, the oil circuit inlet and outlet of the air cell are located at the bottom of the anode cavity, described The electrolyte outlet of battery compartment is located at the top of the anode cavity;The specific gravity of the preservative oil is higher than the specific gravity of water.
In an embodiment, the electrolyte entrance of the battery compartment is located at the bottom of cathode cavity.
In an embodiment, the preservative oil is perfluoro polyether oil (PFPE) or organic fluorocarbon oil or quaternary amine modified silicon Oil.
By implementing the cathodic protection system and method for air cell of the present invention, resistance to highly basic is added in air battery system Oil, quickly oil-filled under air cell standby mode, preservative oil enters in the anode cavities body of battery structure, impregnates metal anode In preservative oil;Since the specific gravity of preservative oil is than water weight, and the oil circuit of air cell inlet and outlet are located at the bottom of anode cavity, electricity The electrolyte outlet of cell cavity body is located at the top of anode cavity, in this way, injecting anode cavity in preservative oil, preservative oil is in anode cavities During rising in vivo, electrolyte remaining in anode metal plate is squeezed out, electrolyte swims in the face of protection oil meter, thus Completely isolated remaining electrolyte and air can effectively inhibit anode self-corrosion and the self-discharge phenomenon of air cell.
In addition, metal anode, cathode and electrolyte can't be polluted after air cell is oil-filled, to battery performance without negative shadow It rings.Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that
(1) reduce systematic pipeline, control system is simplified, and battery system peak power density is without being substantially reduced, energy Metric density is promoted;
(2) quality of preservative oil accounts for that air battery system gross mass is very low, improves the bulk density of system;
(3) repeated priming system is simple, and anode utilization rate obtains big promotion.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the cathodic protection system of air cell of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of air cell of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention in without oil guard and have the battery system of oil guard aspect of performance comparison illustrate Figure;
Fig. 4 is to recycle the signal that discharge test oil guard influences battery performance by intermittence in the embodiment of the present invention Figure.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purpose of the present invention, feature, advantage more obvious and understandable, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only It is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not having Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The cathodic protection system of a kind of air cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the system is mainly wrapped It includes: oil storage tank 16, metering pump 14, electrolyte liquid reserve tank 15, electrolyte pump 13 and electrolyte exhaust-valve 12, wherein
The inlet and outlet of oil storage tank 16 connect metering pump 14 by pipeline road, and metering pump 14 connects air by pipeline road The oil circuit of battery is imported and exported;
The outlet of electrolyte liquid reserve tank 15 connects electrolyte pump 13 by infusion pipeline, and electrolyte pump 13 passes through infusion pipeline Connect the electrolyte inlet of air cell;
The import of electrolyte liquid reserve tank 15 connects electrolyte exhaust-valve 12 by infusion pipeline, and electrolyte exhaust-valve 12 passes through The electrolyte outlet of infusion pipeline connection air cell.
Wherein, air cell is mainly made of anode 17 and cathode 18, between anode 17 and cathode 18 using isolation film 8 every It opens.Oxygen or pure oxygen in air cell air make anode, do yin with electrode potential more negative metal such as magnesium, aluminium, zinc, mercury, iron etc. Pole.
A kind of structure of metal-air battery is discussed in detail below with reference to Fig. 2, which specifically includes that anode cavity 4, sun Pole piece 6, cathode cavity 9, cathode sheets 10 and isolation film 8;Wherein,
Anode strip 6 is connected with anode cavity 4, and anode strip 6 has anode output end 5;
Cathode sheets 10 are connected with cathode cavity 9, and cathode sheets 10 have cathode end 11, shown in Fig. 2, cathode end 11 are also possible to one block of plate, are fixedly connected with cathode sheets;
It is separated between anode cavity 4 and cathode cavity 9 with isolation film 8, which can be hydrophily water-oil separating Film, it is preferred that can be hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylmicroporous diaphragm or steel wire nethike embrane etc., the diameter of isolation film 8 select can for [50nm, 100nm] in range;
The oil circuit inlet and outlet 2 of air cell are set to anode cavity 4.
What is stored in oil storage tank is the preservative oil of resistance to highly basic, and the specific gravity of preservative oil is higher than the specific gravity of water, it is preferred that be can be complete Perfluoroalkyl polyether oil (PFPE) or organic fluorocarbon oil or quaternary amine modified silicon oil etc..
It should be noted that since isolation film 8 is hydrophily water-oil separationg film, electrolyte is aqueous systems, therefore anode cavities Electrolyte in body 4 and cathode cavity 9 can mutually circulate through isolation film 8;And isolation film 8 being capable of effective isolating and protecting Oil prevents the preservative oil injected in anode cavity 4 from entering in cathode cavity 9 through isolation film 8.
Label 1 in Fig. 2 is electrolyte entrance, connects the outlet of electrolyte pump 13;Label 2 is the oil of anode cavity 4 Road inlet and outlet, connect the outlet of metering pump;Label 3 is connected and fixed hole for battery compartment, in anode cavity 4, cathode cavity 9 Be equipped on isolation film 8 it is corresponding be connected and fixed hole 3, by be connected and fixed hole 3 can be used fixing piece by anode cavity 4, Cathode cavity 9 and isolation film 8 are connected and fixed;Label 7 is electrolyte outlet, connects electrolyte exhaust-valve, electrolyte exhaust-valve It can be emptying solenoid valve.
Below with reference to cathodic protection system shown in FIG. 1 and air cell structure shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is implemented The cathode protecting process of example is described in detail.The cathode protecting process of the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes that
In air cell no-load condition, control electrolyte pump is closed, and electrolyte exhaust-valve is opened, evacuation of air battery Electrolyte in internal cavity;
According to the metric results of metering pump, when the electrolyte in air cell internal cavity is empty, control metering pump will In the anode cavity of preservative oil injection air cell in oil storage tank, it is immersed in the anode metal of air cell in preservative oil;
And when air cell needs to enter load condition, control metering pump will be prevented in the anode cavity of air cell Shield oil is drawn back in oil storage tank;
According to the metric results of metering pump, the preservative oil in the anode cavity of air cell is all drawn back in oil storage tank When, control electrolyte exhaust-valve is closed, and electrolyte pump is opened, and the electrolyte in electrolyte liquid reserve tank is refilled air cell Cavity in.
Specifically, electrolyte exhaust-valve 12 is to close, and electrolyte pump 13 works, electricity when battery system works normally Liquid is solved in battery cavities body-internal-circulation, battery system normally exports electric energy;When battery system is in no-load condition, need to close Electrolyte pump 13 opens the electrolyte inside the emptying battery compartment of electrolyte exhaust-valve 12, also starts metering pump 14 at this time, work as meter When amount pump 14 is metered into anode cavity capacity, show that the electrolyte of battery compartment is drained, injection anode cavity 4 waits the anti-of capacity Shield oil, is immersed in galvanic anode metal in preservative oil, to protect galvanic anode metal, prevents self-corrosion.Work as battery system When output end requires battery system to be again started up, metering pump 14 returns anode cavities intracorporal protective liquid pumpback in oil storage tank 16, meter Amount pump 14 stops working, and closes electrolyte exhaust-valve 12 at this time, starts electrolyte pump 13 for the electrolysis in electrolyte liquid reserve tank 15 Liquid refills in battery compartment, so that battery system starting be made to work normally.
By above method description as can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention in air battery system by being added resistance to highly basic Oil, quickly oil-filled under air cell standby mode, preservative oil enters in the anode cavities body of battery structure, impregnates metal anode In preservative oil;Since the specific gravity of preservative oil is than water weight, and the oil circuit of air cell inlet and outlet are located at the bottom of anode cavity, electricity The electrolyte outlet of cell cavity body is located at the top of anode cavity, in this way, injecting anode cavity in preservative oil, preservative oil is in anode cavities During rising in vivo, electrolyte remaining in anode metal plate is squeezed out, electrolyte swims in the face of protection oil meter, thus Completely isolated remaining electrolyte and air can effectively inhibit anode self-corrosion and the self-discharge phenomenon of air cell.
In addition, metal anode, cathode and electrolyte can't be polluted after air cell is oil-filled, to battery performance without negative shadow It rings.As seen in Figure 3, Fig. 3 shows no oil guard and has the battery system of oil guard in the ratio of aspect of performance this point To situation;From figure 3, it can be seen that without oil guard and thering is the battery system performance of oil guard to be not much different, there is oil condition always Near normal value, do not have an impact battery performance, fully meets battery performance requirements.
In addition, the schematic diagram that discharge test oil guard influences battery performance is recycled by intermittence referring to shown in Fig. 4, it is more Secondary starting battery system can repeat 100 times or more, and battery performance illustrates the battery system of oil-filled protection there is no obvious decaying System, system starting do not influence.And compared with oil guard and without the anode utilization rate of oil guard, the anode of no oil guard utilizes Rate is lower than 26%, and the anode utilization rate of oil-filled protection is more than 30% or more, substantially increases the volume energy ratio and matter of system Energy ratio.
Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that
(1) reduce systematic pipeline, control system is simplified, and battery system peak power density is without being substantially reduced, energy Metric density is promoted;
(2) quality of preservative oil accounts for that air battery system gross mass is very low, improves the bulk density of system;
(3) repeated priming system is simple, and anode utilization rate obtains big promotion.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described It may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more of the embodiments or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, this The technical staff in field can be by the spy of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples Sign is combined.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic." first " is defined as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or hidden It include at least one this feature containing ground.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more, unless otherwise Clear specific restriction.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cathodic protection system of air cell, which is characterized in that the system comprises: oil storage tank, metering pump, electrolyte Liquid reserve tank, electrolyte pump and electrolyte exhaust-valve,
The inlet and outlet of the oil storage tank connect the metering pump by pipeline road, and the metering pump connects institute by pipeline road State the oil circuit inlet and outlet of air cell;
The outlet of the electrolyte liquid reserve tank connects the electrolyte pump by infusion pipeline, and the electrolyte pump passes through perfusion tube Road connects the electrolyte inlet of the air cell;
The import of the electrolyte liquid reserve tank connects the electrolyte exhaust-valve by infusion pipeline, and the electrolyte exhaust-valve is logical Cross the electrolyte outlet that infusion pipeline connects the air cell.
2. the cathodic protection system of air cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air cell includes: Anode cavity, anode strip, cathode cavity, cathode sheets and isolation film;
The anode strip is connected with anode cavity, and the anode strip has anode output end;
The cathode sheets are connected with cathode cavity, and the cathode sheets have cathode end;
It is separated between the anode cavity and the cathode cavity with the isolation film;
The oil circuit inlet and outlet of the air cell are set to the anode cavity.
3. the cathodic protection system of air cell according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the isolation film is hydrophily Water-oil separationg film.
4. the cathodic protection system of air cell according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the diameter of the isolation film selects It is selected as in [50nm, 100nm] range.
5. the cathodic protection system of air cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the oil storage What is stored in tank is the preservative oil of resistance to highly basic.
6. a kind of cathode protecting process of air cell, which is characterized in that be applied to the described in any item air of claim 1-5 The cathodic protection system of battery, which comprises
In the air cell no-load condition, control electrolyte pump is closed, and electrolyte exhaust-valve is opened, and empties the air Electrolyte in inside battery cavity;
According to the metric results of metering pump, when the electrolyte in the air cell internal cavity is empty, the metering is controlled Pump injects the preservative oil in oil storage tank in the anode cavity of the air cell, impregnates the anode metal of the air cell In the preservative oil.
7. the cathode protecting process of air cell according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the method also includes:
When the air cell needs to enter load condition, controlling the metering pump will be in the anode cavity of the air cell Preservative oil is drawn back in the oil storage tank;
According to the metric results of metering pump, the preservative oil in the anode cavity of the air cell all draws back the oil storage tank When middle, control the electrolyte exhaust-valve and close, the electrolyte pump is opened, by the electrolyte weight in the electrolyte liquid reserve tank It newly injects in the cavity of the air cell.
8. the cathode protecting process of air cell according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the air cell Oil circuit inlet and outlet are located at the bottom of the anode cavity, and the electrolyte outlet of the battery compartment is located at the top of the anode cavity Portion;The specific gravity of the preservative oil is higher than the specific gravity of water.
9. the cathode protecting process of air cell according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the electrolysis of the battery compartment Liquid entrance is located at the bottom of cathode cavity.
10. the cathode protecting process of air cell according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the preservative oil is complete Perfluoroalkyl polyether oil PFPE or organic fluorocarbon oil or quaternary amine modified silicon oil.
CN201811575300.7A 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Cathode protection system and method of air battery Active CN109659646B (en)

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CN112864496A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-28 绿业中试低碳科技(镇江)有限公司 Large-scale aluminum-air battery pressurization and drying system and pressurization and drying control method thereof

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CN112864496A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-28 绿业中试低碳科技(镇江)有限公司 Large-scale aluminum-air battery pressurization and drying system and pressurization and drying control method thereof

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