CN109658794A - For automatically determining the experiment device for teaching in double reaction reagent system reaction time - Google Patents
For automatically determining the experiment device for teaching in double reaction reagent system reaction time Download PDFInfo
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- CN109658794A CN109658794A CN201910076826.9A CN201910076826A CN109658794A CN 109658794 A CN109658794 A CN 109658794A CN 201910076826 A CN201910076826 A CN 201910076826A CN 109658794 A CN109658794 A CN 109658794A
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/24—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for chemistry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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Abstract
For automatically determining the experiment device for teaching in double reaction reagent system reaction time, including water bath with thermostatic control reactor, water bath with thermostatic control funnel and metachromasia detect time set automatically.The design of apparatus of the present invention structure is unique, experimental error is overcome from many aspects, so that experimental provision is integrally accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for automatically determining the experimental provision in reaction time, is particularly suitable for teaching experiment.
Background technique
Water bath with thermostatic control heating is the routine operation in teaching Process of experiment, is mainly used for being heated evenly reaction solution concurrently
Raw reaction, currently, in University Of Chongqing's " Basic Chemistry Experiment " measurement chemical reaction rate and activation energy experimental project, experimental provision
It is limited only to conical flask and Boiling tube putting constant temperature in a water bath, it, will be in test tube after reaction solution reaches target temperature
NaSO3Test solution pour into rapidly in conical flask with KIO3It reacts, shakes up, naked eyes judgement changes colour and thus to obtain reaction time, root
The chemical reaction rate of reaction can be acquired according to the reaction time；Change temperature, according to chemical reaction rate constant and inverse temperature
Relational expression acquire reaction activity.There are temperature control precision is low, solution is stirred not for experimental provision in the above method
Sufficiently, the drawbacks such as temperature adjusting takes a long time, and testing response time error is larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of experiment device for teaching, can overcome it is above-mentioned refer to certain or certain lack
Point.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of experiment device for teaching is provided, for referring to by soluble starch discoloration
Show to measure KIO3Solution and Na2SO3The reaction time of solution, comprising:
Water bath with thermostatic control reactor, is integrally formed by colourless transparent glass, including reactor body and be located at reactor body
External reactor jacket, wherein reactor jacket lower part is provided with water inlet and top is provided with water outlet, reactor body
Bottom is provided with the drain pipe of belt switch, and reactor body is for accommodating KIO3Solution and soluble starch；
Water bath with thermostatic control funnel, the funnel collet including funnel body and outside funnel body, wherein under funnel collet
Portion is provided with water inlet and top is provided with water outlet, and funnel body bottom is provided with the funnel long tube of belt switch, funnel long tube
It is passed through reactor body, funnel body is for accommodating Na2SO3Solution；
It is arranged in the Yellow laser of reactor side, for generating linear yellow laser beam, there is trigger device, the touching
Switch gearing on transmitting apparatus and funnel long tube, so that the switch on funnel long tube triggers the trigger device when opening to start
Yellow laser issues yellow laser beam；And
It is arranged in the timer of another opposite side of reactor, timer is integrally disposed photosensitive sensor and controller, light
Dependent sensor is for detecting the yellow laser beam for being issued by Yellow laser and being passed through reactor, when photosensitive sensor detects Huang
When color laser beam, controller starting timer starts and continues timing, when photosensitive sensor can't detect yellow laser beam, control
When device processed stops timer and export corresponding readings.
According to the present invention, the switch on funnel long tube can use physical contact form to the triggering of trigger device.Certainly,
It can also be using non-physical contact form such as wireless signal transmitting-receiving form or manual synchronization form.
The apparatus structure of institute's unique design according to the present invention is become by the linkage of funnel switch and laser using blue
Colour response solution realizes the beginning and termination of reaction timing to the absorption of complementary yellow laser automatically, to measure automatically
Reaction time overcomes multinomial error caused by manual time-keeping, so that experimental provision is accurate and reliable.
In addition, the present invention is also provided by simple structure and the water bath with thermostatic control reactor being easily manipulated and water bath with thermostatic control are leaked
Bucket minimizes temperature change influence, to further improve the accuracy of experimental provision.
According to the second aspect of the invention, it provides a kind of for measuring the side of the reaction activity of double reaction reagent systems
Method, comprising:
Water bath with thermostatic control reactor is provided；
Water bath with thermostatic control funnel is provided, and is installed on reactor；
A) first the first reaction reagent and reaction indicator of first set reaction are added in reactor；
Etc. b) the first reaction reagent in reactors reaches predetermined temperature and then by funnel by the of first set reaction
Two reaction reagents are added in reactor, are stirred simultaneously, until discoloration instruction is presented in reaction indicator；
C) it since being added the second reaction reagent into reactor, until discoloration instruction is presented in reaction indicator, surveys
Obtain the reaction time of first set reaction；
D) drain pipe is opened, the reaction solution of first set reaction is discharged；
Step a) is repeated to d), executes the second secondary response；
Step a) is repeated to d), until executing n-th reaction, wherein N is the natural number more than or equal to 3,
Wherein the concentration of the first reaction reagent of n-th reaction is greater than the dense of first reaction reagent of (N-1) secondary response
Degree；The concentration of second reaction reagent of n-th reaction is greater than the concentration of second reaction reagent of (N-1) secondary response,
According to the reaction time (t1, t2 ... tN) of the n times reaction measured and Na2SO3The mutually strain of solution concentration
Change, acquires reaction rate (v1, v2, v3......vN) and the order of reaction and obtain reaction rate constant accordingly；
Change temperature T repetition above step and obtain corresponding reaction rate constant k value, using lgk as ordinate, 1/T is cross
Coordinate mapping, finds out the activation energy at a temperature of differential responses according to the slope of gained straight line.
According to the method for the present invention, the first reaction reagent can be KIO3Solution, the second reaction can be Na2SO3Solution,
Indicator can be soluble starch.In this case, method of the invention can also include:
Yellow laser is provided, for generating linear yellow laser beam；
The integrally disposed timer for having photosensitive sensor is provided, wherein photosensitive sensor is for starting and abort timer；
Reactor is arranged between Yellow laser and timer, so that linear yellow caused by Yellow laser swashs
Light beam can pass through the photosensitive sensor that reactor reaches timer；
The starting auto-associating of the second reaction reagent and Yellow laser will be added by funnel；
When photosensitive sensor detects linear yellow laser beam, start timer automatically；And
It is automatic to terminate (or suspension) timer and make timer when photosensitive sensor can't detect linear yellow laser beam
Provide corresponding time read.
Experimental method of the invention further drops in the case where no replacement is required experimental provision also by descending concentrations mode
Low measurement error.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the reaction system of experiment device for teaching according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the operation schematic diagram of the timekeeping system of experiment device for teaching according to the present invention respectively.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, experiment device for teaching of the invention mainly includes water bath with thermostatic control reactor, water bath with thermostatic control funnel, swashs
Light device and timer.
Water bath with thermostatic control reactor has reactor body 4 and the reactor jacket 7 on the outside of reactor body；Reactor
It is integrally formed by colourless transparent glass.Water inlet 6 that thermostatical circulating water is arranged from 7 lower part of jacketed reactor enters and anti-from collet
The water outlet 3 for answering the collet top of device to be arranged is discharged, and forms thermostatical circulating water.
Water bath with thermostatic control funnel has funnel body 1 and the funnel collet 13 on the outside of it；Funnel can also be by glass one
It is body formed.Thermostatted water is entered by the water inlet 11 that 13 lower part of funnel collet is arranged and the water outlet 10 being arranged from top is discharged,
Form thermostatical circulating water.1 bottom of funnel body is provided with the funnel long tube 2 of belt switch (using cock form) 12, funnel long tube 2
It is passed through reactor body 4.
Reactor body 4 is cylindrical shape, but bottom is designed to evagination (diagram is downward) dome shape, the center of dome shape bottom
Position has drain pipe.The switch 5 of cock form is provided on drain pipe.It, can be by reactor body 4 by turning on the switch 5
The reaction solution of middle receiving is discharged downwards from drain pipe by gravity.This section of drain pipe of the bottom of reactor body 4 extremely switch 5
Distance to want short as far as possible be, for example, less than 2cm, the diameter (internal diameter) of drain pipe wants small for example no more than 6mm as far as possible, so that this section is arranged
The amount of the reaction solution of indwelling will be lacked as far as possible in liquid pipe, to weaken as far as possible whole when reaction solution is stirred in reactor body
Body mixes problem of non-uniform.
In reactor body 4 plus reaction solution A (such as KIO3Solution) and indicator (such as soluble starch), it is leaking
Add reactant solution B in bucket ontology 1, while being passed through thermostatted water loop control reaction solution in assigned temperature.In reactor body 4
It can also be inserted into thermometer 8 and blender 9, blender 9 is connected when temperature reaches specified range, keeps two reaction solutions abundant
Contact uniformly reacts.Diagram blender 9 is electric mixer and shaft bottom is equipped with rigid agitating paddle.
In order to facilitate filling reaction solution, funnel long tube 2 designs curved shape at Z-shape so as to avoid funnel institute duty
Between interfere other components such as blender 9.
Thermometer 8 is conveniently used for control reaction solution temperature and constant temperature circulating coolant-temperature gage.
The cover board of reactor shown in FIG. 1 is arranged to Perforated decking so that funnel long tube 2, thermometer 8 and blender 9 from
Respective hole intercalation reaction device ontology 4 simultaneously makes it keep certain intervals each other, thus the reliability of Enhancement test device.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, Yellow laser is arranged in reactor side, for generating linear yellow laser beam.It has
Trigger device (is illustrated as button form), which (such as sets trigger button with the linkage of switch 12 on funnel long tube 2
Set below switching knob, pass through the rotation touch trigger button of switching knob), it can while Unscrew switch 12
The trigger device is triggered to start Yellow laser and issue yellow laser beam.
Timer is arranged in another opposite side of reactor, it is integrally disposed have photosensitive sensor and controller (it is not specifically illustrated,
It can be using control chip).Photosensitive sensor is used to detect the yellow laser beam for being issued by Yellow laser and being passed through reactor,
When photosensitive sensor detects yellow laser beam (solution in reactor does not change colour), controller starting timer starts and holds
Continuous timing, when photosensitive sensor can't detect yellow laser beam, (solution in reactor becomes with the help of starch indicator
It is blue to absorb yellow light), when controller stops timer immediately and export corresponding readings.The present invention uses molten with blue
The yellow laser of liquid complementation, so that detection is sensitive reliable.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively illustrates the beginning and termination procedure of detection timing.
After experiment terminates and (measures reaction time t1) for the first time, the switch 5 on drain pipe is opened, liquid is discharged.Then
It turns off the switch 5 and the reaction solution of another designated volume is added into reactor body, funnel similarly repeats above-mentioned behaviour
Make liquid feeding, carries out second of experiment and acquire reaction time t2.When replacement liquid feeding reacts again, solution reaction object concentration is higher than previous
Reactant concentration (avoids multiple washing reactor and funnel, because influence of the low concentration solution to highly concentrated solution can neglect
Slightly).
Next, can also be average to calculate chemical reaction by the concentration of reactant consumption within the scope of analysis certain time
Rate writes out the expression of rate chemistry equation according to stoichiometric equation, and both sides take logarithm, fixed one of reactant
Concentration acquires the reactant reaction grade according to the relational expression of the logarithm of reaction rate and the logarithm of another reactant concentration
Number, similarly acquires the order of reaction of another reactant, acquire two orders of reaction is substituted into rate equation, to acquire this
The rate constant of reaction；By the relation curve of the inverse and the logarithm of reaction rate constant of analysis temperature, different temperatures is obtained
Under the conditions of the activation energy that reacts.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of experiment device for teaching measures KIO for changing colour instruction by soluble starch3Solution and Na2SO3Solution
Reaction time, comprising:
Water bath with thermostatic control reactor, is integrally formed by colourless transparent glass, including reactor body and be located at reactor body outside
Reactor jacket, wherein reactor jacket lower part is provided with water inlet and top is provided with water outlet, reactor body bottom
It is provided with the drain pipe of belt switch, reactor body is for accommodating KIO3Solution and soluble starch；
Water bath with thermostatic control funnel, the funnel collet including funnel body and outside funnel body, wherein funnel collet lower part is set
It is equipped with water inlet and top is provided with water outlet, funnel body bottom is provided with the funnel long tube of belt switch, and funnel long tube is passed through
Reactor body, funnel body is for accommodating Na2SO3Solution；
It is arranged in the Yellow laser of reactor side, for generating linear yellow laser beam, there is trigger device, triggering dress
Set with the switch gearing on funnel long tube so that switch on funnel long tube triggers the trigger device to start yellow when opening
Laser issues yellow laser beam；And
It is arranged in the timer of another opposite side of reactor, timer is integrally disposed photosensitive sensor and controller, photosensitive biography
Sensor is for detecting the yellow laser beam for being issued by Yellow laser and being passed through reactor, when photosensitive sensor detects that yellow swashs
When light beam, controller starting timer starts and continues timing, when photosensitive sensor can't detect yellow laser beam, controller
When stopping timer and export corresponding readings.
2. experiment device for teaching according to claim 1, wherein the switch on funnel long tube uses object to the triggering of trigger device
Manage contact form.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910076826.9A CN109658794B (en) | 2019-01-27 | 2019-01-27 | Teaching experiment device for automatically measuring reaction time of double-reaction reagent system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910076826.9A CN109658794B (en) | 2019-01-27 | 2019-01-27 | Teaching experiment device for automatically measuring reaction time of double-reaction reagent system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109658794A true CN109658794A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
| CN109658794B CN109658794B (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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| CN201910076826.9A Expired - Fee Related CN109658794B (en) | 2019-01-27 | 2019-01-27 | Teaching experiment device for automatically measuring reaction time of double-reaction reagent system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021109079A1 (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-06-10 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Intelligent chemical reaction device and sampling method |
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