CN109655914A - A kind of method and system for seeking ray center coordinate - Google Patents
A kind of method and system for seeking ray center coordinate Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
- G01V1/362—Effecting static or dynamic corrections; Stacking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/50—Corrections or adjustments related to wave propagation
- G01V2210/51—Migration
- G01V2210/512—Pre-stack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/70—Other details related to processing
- G01V2210/74—Visualisation of seismic data
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of method and system for seeking ray center coordinate, this method comprises: finding sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray based on circular dividing method；Determine mesh point to the intersection point position of central ray；The arc length coordinate and dynamic ray parameter of the sampled point are obtained by linear interpolation, the linear distance by seeking intersection point position and mesh point obtains n coordinate.The computational efficiency of the method for the present invention is substantially better than the conventional method successively traversed.The method of the present invention improves precision, is conducive to the image quality for improving Gaussian beam offset.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to earthquake data offset imaging field in oil-gas exploration and development, belongs to Gaussian beam in Gaussian beam offset and calculate
Content in son calculating, and in particular to coordinate of the regular grid under ray center coordinate system is sought.This method extends to
The calculating of Gaussian beam operator under three-dimensional medium can be used for extensive Gaussian beam pre-stack depth migration processing.
Background technique
Gaussian beam offset is a kind of prestack depth migration method for having both efficiency and precision, is imaged and leads in earthquake data offset
Domain is widely used.In the rate pattern divided by rectangular mesh, when calculating Gaussian beam migration operator, it is thus necessary to determine that rectangle
Coordinate (s, n) of the mesh point under ray center coordinate system, currently used method are the successively traversal samplings on central ray
Point calculates the distance of each sampled point and mesh point on central ray, and the nearest sampled point of selected distance mesh point is as grid
Point arrives the intersection point of central ray, s coordinate of the arc length approximation of the sampled point as mesh point, the distance work of mesh point and sampled point
For the point to mesh point linear distance as n coordinate.The method only samples closeer (i.e. ray tracing time step in central ray
When long shorter) it just can guarantee precision.When ray tracing step-length is larger, this method error is larger.Moreover, this method needs to be traversed for
All sampled points of central ray, when ray tracing step-length is smaller, sampled point is more, and it is lower to traverse all sampling point efficiencies.It is comprehensive
On, this method can not simultaneously guaranteed efficiency and precision.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at when the ray center coordinate for seeking rectangle net lattice point, avoid traversal all samplings of central ray
Point improves computational efficiency；Avoid it is approximate as the intersection point of mesh point to ray using the nearest point of off-network lattice point on central ray,
Improve the computational accuracy of mesh point ray center coordinate.Reach when the smaller sampled point of ray tracing step-length is more, can guarantee and penetrate
Line centre coordinate seeks efficiency, and when the larger sampled point of ray tracing step-length is few, guarantee ray center coordinate seeks essence
Degree.
When the present invention is calculated for Gaussian beam migration operator, under ray center coordinate system, regular grid (s, n) coordinate
Computational problem proposes that one kind seeks ray center and sits calibration method, this method comprises:
Sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray is found based on circular dividing method；
Determine mesh point to the intersection point position of central ray；
The arc length coordinate and dynamic ray parameter of the sampled point are obtained by linear interpolation, by seeking intersection point position and net
The linear distance of lattice point obtains n coordinate.
Further, finding sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray based on circular dividing method includes:
N number of sampled point of central ray is divided into Nc group by circle, every group all includes N/Nc sampling point；
It determines the starting index for the sampled point for including in each circle and terminates index, determine the center of circle and the radius of circle；
(mesh point is assumed to be known, is programming since circle where the nearest sampled point of upper meshes point
Can be by the index record of the circle into structural body in realization, i.e., the result of a upper search) it finds in the circle apart from mesh point most
Close sampled point, and the shortest distance is recorded, then press the following conditions judgement:
The shortest distance+radius of circle > mesh point to center of the circle distance
When meeting Rule of judgment, show include distance point more smaller than current minimum range in the circle；
Direction is successively alternately searched, the sampled point that whether there may be smaller distance in circle is judged, until having judged
There is circle.
Further, it is determined that the intersection point position of mesh point to central ray includes:
Centered on nearest sampled point, the straightway with previous sampled point and the latter sampled point is constructed respectively；
Judge respectively mesh point to straightway intersection point whether in the straightway, the point in the straightway is grid
Point arrives the intersection point position of central ray.
Further, intersection point position is determined with the following method:
If [Xi, Zi] it is sample point coordinate nearest apart from mesh point M on the ray of center, [Xi+1, Zi+1][Xi-1, Zi-1] point
Not Wei sampled point before and after the sampled point, [Xm, Zm] be mesh point M coordinate；
Point M is by [Xi, Zi] and [Xi+1, Zi+1] composition line segment on intersection point coordinate calculated by following formula:
X*=[X2Xm+Z2Xi+XZ(Zm-Zi)]/(X2+Z2)
Wherein X=Xi+1-Xi, Z=Zi+1-ZiJudge whether intersection point [X*, Z*] is located at [Xi, Zi] and [Xi+1, Zi+1] between,
Or whether it is located at [Xi-1, Zi-1] and [Xi, Zi] between, if then judging intersection point position for [X*, Z*].
Further, Gaussian beam is determined in effective half width of the intersection point position, when n is small according to dynamic ray tracing parameter
When effective half width, contribution of the central ray at mesh point M is calculated.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of system for seeking ray center coordinate is provided, which includes:
Memory is stored with computer executable instructions；
Processor, the processor run the computer executable instructions in the memory, execute following steps:
Sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray is found based on circular dividing method；
Determine mesh point to the intersection point position of central ray；
The arc length coordinate and dynamic ray parameter of the sampled point are obtained by linear interpolation, by seeking intersection point position and net
The linear distance of lattice point obtains n coordinate.
Method and system of the invention improves the computational efficiency for finding mesh point to central ray intersection point.It should be based on circle
The computational efficiency of dividing method depends on the number of circle and the number of each round inner rays sampled point.If only using a foot
Enough big circles (covering all sampled points in one circle), the computation complexity for finding closest approach at this time is O (N), with
The computational efficiency for successively traversing sampled point is consistent.In general, the computation complexity of the circular dividing method is O (Nc+kN/
Nc), k is the number that the circle of closest approach must be inquired in circle.If in first circle including the nearest sampled point wanted,
Sampled point substantially in remaining circle does not have to inquiry.Consider the ideal situation of k=1, choosesThe then calculating of this method
Complexity is When central ray sampled point is relatively more (N > 100), this method computational efficiency will be substantially better than successively
The method of traversal.
Further it is proposed that first determining intersection point position, then pass through linear interpolation calculating arc length and dynamic ray parameter
Method improves precision compared to using closest approach position approximate substitution mesh point arc length and ray parameter, is conducive to improve Gauss
The image quality of beam offset.
Detailed description of the invention
Disclosure illustrative embodiments are described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the disclosure above-mentioned and its
Its purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein in disclosure illustrative embodiments, identical reference label
Typically represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the point set schematic diagram that central ray sampled point is divided into several circles.
Fig. 2 shows whether search in the circle judgment criterion schematic diagram of closest approach.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of determining ray coordinates (s, n).
Fig. 4 shows the Gaussian beam of the horizontal exit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the Gaussian beam value real part of the embodiment of the present invention calculated using the method for the present invention and pair of analytic solutions
Than.
Fig. 6 shows the Gaussian beam value real part of the embodiment of the present invention calculated using previous methods and analytic solutions compare.
Fig. 7 shows the Gaussian beam value imaginary part of the embodiment of the present invention calculated using the method for the present invention and pair of analytic solutions
Than.
Fig. 8 shows the Gaussian beam value imaginary part of the embodiment of the present invention calculated using previous methods and analytic solutions compare.
Fig. 9 shows the method flow diagram for taking ray center coordinate of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in attached drawing
Preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without the embodiment party that should be illustrated here
Formula is limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more thorough and complete, and can be by the disclosure
Range is completely communicated to those skilled in the art.
As shown in figure 9, when the present invention is calculated for Gaussian beam migration operator, under ray center coordinate system, regular grid
Point (s, n) coordinate computational problem proposes that one kind seeks ray center and sits calibration method, this method comprises:
Sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray is found based on circular dividing method；
Determine mesh point to the intersection point position of central ray；
The arc length coordinate and dynamic ray parameter of the sampled point are obtained by linear interpolation, by seeking intersection point position and net
The linear distance of lattice point obtains n coordinate.
Specifically, find sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray first with fast method, then with
Centered on nearest sampled point, the straightway with previous sampled point and the latter sampled point is constructed respectively, judges grid respectively
Point to straightway intersection point whether in its straightway, the point in its straightway is mesh point to the intersection point position of central ray
It sets.After determining intersection point position, the arc length coordinate and dynamic ray parameter of the point are linearly inserted by the value of the two-end-point of the straightway
Value obtains, and n coordinate is obtained by seeking the linear distance of intersection point and mesh point.
It is preferably based on circular dividing method fast searching on central ray sampled point nearest apart from mesh point.
N number of sampled point of central ray is divided into Nc group by circle, every group all probably includes N/Nc sampling point.It determines every
The starting for the ray sampled point for including in a circle indexes and terminates index, determines the center of circle and the radius of circle.It is penetrated to find center
The point nearest apart from mesh point on line.First (mesh point is assumed to be since circle where the closest approach of upper meshes point
It is known, can be by the index record of the circle into structural body in programming is realized, i.e., the result of a upper search), find the circle
The interior point nearest apart from mesh point (the O point in Fig. 2), and record the shortest distance.Then the following conditions judgement is pressed:
The current shortest distance+radius of circle > mesh point to center of the circle distance
Ob+r > oa+r i.e. shown in Fig. 2 is equal to ob > oa
When meeting Rule of judgment, then show to be possible in the circle comprising distance point more smaller than current minimum range.Cause
When the condition is satisfied, to illustrate that mesh point O is less than known minimum range to the distance of round edge circle, therefore be possible to deposit in circle
Mesh point distance point more smaller than known minimum range is arrived in point.Then direction (number mark as shown in figure 1 is successively alternately searched
Searching sequence), judge whether there may be the sampled point of smaller distance in circle, until having judged all circles.Due to this
Method only judges condition that most circles are impossible be containing the sampled point of smaller distance, therefore there is no to circle
Interior sampled point traversal seeks distance, greatly reduces calculation amount.
Preferably, it after sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray has been determined, determines hang down with the following method
Sufficient position:
If [X in Fig. 3i, Zi] it is point coordinate nearest apart from mesh point M on the ray of center.[Xi+1, Zi+1][Xi-1, Zi-1] point
Not Wei sampled point before and after the point, [Xm, Zm] be mesh point M coordinate.From geometrical relationship.Point M is by [Xi, Zi] and
[Xi+1, Zi+1] composition line segment on intersection point coordinate calculated by following formula:
X*=[X2Xm+Z2Xi+XZ(Zm-Zi)]/(X2+Z2)
Wherein X=Xi+1-Xi, Z=Zi+1-ZiJudge whether intersection point [X*, Z*] is located at [Xi,Zi] and [Xi+1,Zi+1] between,
If it is not, then in [Xi-1, Zi-1] and [Xi, Zi] constitute line segment on continually look for new intersection point position.
Preferably, after determining intersection point, arc length s and dynamic ray tracing parameter pass through the value linear interpolation of this section of ray step-length
It obtains, n is distance of the point M to intersection point.Effective half-breadth of the Gaussian beam at the intersection point is determined according to dynamic ray tracing parameter
Degree calculates contribution of the central ray at M point when n is less than effective half width.
A concrete application example is given below in the scheme and its effect of the embodiment of the present invention for ease of understanding.This field
It should be understood to the one skilled in the art that the example is only for the purposes of understanding the present invention, any detail is not intended to be limited in any way
The system present invention.
One embodiment of the present of invention is described referring to Fig. 4-Fig. 8, it is relatively previous to verify the method for the present invention using uniform soft soil base
The efficiency and accuracy of method.Fig. 4 shows the Gaussian beam of the horizontal exit of the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 5 shows of the invention real
Apply the Gaussian beam value real part calculated using the method for the present invention and the comparison of analytic solutions of example.Fig. 6 shows the embodiment of the present invention
The Gaussian beam value real part and analytic solutions calculated using previous methods is compared.It is of the invention that Fig. 7 shows utilizing for the embodiment of the present invention
The comparison of Gaussian beam value imaginary part and analytic solutions that method calculates.The utilization previous methods that Fig. 8 shows the embodiment of the present invention calculate
Gaussian beam value imaginary part and analytic solutions compare.
In the present embodiment, model velocity 2000m/s, grid scale is 501x501, and grid spacing is 5x5.Ray is risen
Initial point is placed at (0.0,1250), seeks from this point, being emitted Gaussian beam in the horizontal direction, it is horizontal to extract focus place
Gaussian beam value compares context of methods and existing methods precision and efficiency.
The computational efficiency of the present embodiment method is substantially better than the conventional method successively traversed.And the present embodiment method improves
Precision is conducive to the image quality for improving Gaussian beam offset.
The presently disclosed embodiments is described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes are obvious for the those of ordinary skill in art field.The selection of term used herein, purport
In principle, the practical application or to the technological improvement in market for best explaining each embodiment, or make the art its
Its those of ordinary skill can understand each embodiment disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. one kind seeks ray center and sits calibration method, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
Sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray is found based on circular dividing method；
Determine mesh point to the intersection point position of central ray；
The arc length coordinate of the sampled point is obtained by the value linear interpolation at two endpoints of ray segment where intersection point and dynamic is penetrated
Line parameter, the linear distance by seeking intersection point position and mesh point obtain n coordinate.
2. ray center according to claim 1 of seeking sits calibration method, which is characterized in that looked for based on circular dividing method
The sampled point nearest apart from mesh point includes: on to central ray
N number of sampled point of central ray is divided into Nc group by circle, every group all includes N/Nc sampling point；
It determines the starting index for the sampled point for including in each circle and terminates index, determine the center of circle and the radius of circle；
Since circle where the nearest sampled point of upper meshes point, find that mesh point required by distance in the circle is nearest to be adopted
Sampling point, and the shortest distance is recorded, then press the following conditions judgement:
The shortest distance+radius of circle > mesh point to center of the circle distance
When meeting Rule of judgment, show include distance point more smaller than current minimum range in the circle；
Direction is successively alternately searched, the sampled point that whether there may be smaller distance in circle is judged, until having judged all circles
Shape.
3. ray center according to claim 1 of seeking sits calibration method, which is characterized in that determine that mesh point is penetrated to center
The intersection point position of line includes:
Centered on nearest sampled point, the straightway with previous sampled point and the latter sampled point is constructed respectively；
Judge respectively mesh point to straightway intersection point whether in the straightway, the point in the straightway is that mesh point arrives
The intersection point position of central ray.
4. ray center according to claim 1 of seeking sits calibration method, which is characterized in that determine hang down with the following method
Sufficient position:
If [Xi, Zi] it is sample point coordinate nearest apart from mesh point M on the ray of center, [Xi+1, Zi+1][Xi-1, Zi-1] be respectively
Sampled point before and after the sampled point, [Xm, Zm] be mesh point M coordinate；
Point M is by [Xi, Zi] and [Xi+1, Zi+1] composition line segment on intersection point coordinate calculated by following formula:
X*=[X2Xm+Z2Xi+XZ(Zm-Zi)]/(X2+Z2)
Wherein X=Xi+1-Xi, Z=Zi+1-ZiJudge whether intersection point [X*, Z*] is located at [Xi, Zi] and [Xi+1, Zi+1] between, either
It is no to be located at [Xi-1, Zi-1] and [Xi, Zi] between, if then judging intersection point position for [X*, Z*].
5. ray center according to claim 1 of seeking sits calibration method, which is characterized in that joined according to dynamic ray tracing
Number determines that Gaussian beam calculates the central ray in grid when n is less than effective half width in effective half width of the intersection point position
Contribution at point M.
6. a kind of system for seeking ray center coordinate, which is characterized in that the system includes:
Memory is stored with computer executable instructions；
Processor, the processor run the computer executable instructions in the memory, execute following steps:
Sampled point nearest apart from mesh point on central ray is found based on circular dividing method；
Determine mesh point to the intersection point position of central ray；
The arc length coordinate and dynamic ray parameter of the sampled point are obtained by linear interpolation, by seeking intersection point position and mesh point
Linear distance obtain n coordinate.
7. the system according to claim 6 for seeking ray center coordinate, which is characterized in that looked for based on circular dividing method
The sampled point nearest apart from mesh point includes: on to central ray
N number of sampled point of central ray is divided into Nc group by circle, every group all includes N/Nc sampling point；
It determines the starting index for the sampled point for including in each circle and terminates index, determine the center of circle and the radius of circle；
Since circle where the nearest sampled point of upper meshes point, sampling nearest apart from mesh point in the circle is found
Point, and the shortest distance is recorded, then press the following conditions judgement:
The shortest distance+radius of circle > mesh point to center of the circle distance
When meeting Rule of judgment, show include distance point more smaller than current minimum range in the circle；
Direction is successively alternately searched, the sampled point that whether there may be smaller distance in circle is judged, until having judged all circles
Shape.
8. the system according to claim 6 for seeking ray center coordinate, which is characterized in that determine that mesh point is penetrated to center
The intersection point position of line includes:
Centered on nearest sampled point, the straightway with previous sampled point and the latter sampled point is constructed respectively；
Judge respectively mesh point to straightway intersection point whether in the straightway, the point in the straightway is that mesh point arrives
The intersection point position of central ray.
9. the system according to claim 6 for seeking ray center coordinate, which is characterized in that determine hang down with the following method
Sufficient position:
If [Xi, Zi] it is sample point coordinate nearest apart from mesh point M on the ray of center, [Xi+1, Zi+1][Xi-1, Zi-1] be respectively
Sampled point before and after the sampled point, [Xm, Zm] be mesh point M coordinate；
Point M is by [Xi, Zi] and [Xi+1, Zi+1] composition line segment on intersection point coordinate calculated by following formula:
X*=[X2Xm+Z2Xi+XZ(Zm-Zi)]/(X2+Z2)
Wherein X=Xi+1-Xi, Z=Zi+1-ZiJudge whether intersection point [X*, Z*] is located at [Xi, Zi] and [Xi+1, Zi+1] between, either
It is no to be located at [Xi-1, Zi-1] and [Xi, Zi] between, if then judging intersection point position for [X*, Z*].
10. the system according to claim 6 for seeking ray center coordinate, which is characterized in that according to dynamic ray tracing
Parameter determines that Gaussian beam calculates the central ray in net when n is less than effective half width in effective half width of the intersection point position
Contribution at lattice point M.
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