CN109581496B - Bidirectional construction dip angle constraint method and device in tomography inversion - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a bidirectional construction dip angle constraint method and a bidirectional construction dip angle constraint device in chromatographic inversion, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an inclination angle of an underground geological structure to form an inclination angle profile; establishing a chromatographic inversion equation according to the reflection ray tracing result of the underground geology and the dip angle profile; establishing a local constraint grid according to the position of a reflection point of a reflection ray of the underground geology; obtaining constraint conditions along the structure dip angle and constraint conditions of the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grids and the dip angle profile; and adding the constraint condition of the along-construction dip angle and the constraint condition of the vertical construction dip angle into the chromatography inversion equation to obtain a chromatography equation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seismic analysis, in particular to a constraint method for solving a reflection seismic chromatographic equation in the process of depth domain velocity modeling in petroleum seismic exploration.
Background
In areas of complex formation, pre-stack depth migration helps to improve the imaging of subsurface formations. However, the prestack depth migration requires a relatively accurate velocity field, and in most cases, the velocity field required for migration needs to be estimated using reflection tomography. Aiming at the overdetermined equation of the reflection chromatography, necessary constraint is introduced to reduce the multiple solution of the solution, and the introduced constraint condition can obscure the precision of the solution to a certain degree, so the introduced constraint condition and the constraint form are very critical. In order to make the solution of the chromatographic equation more stable and geological significance, the tectonic dip is introduced for constraint. The conventional construction constraint is only constrained along the direction of the construction dip angle, and the constraint in the direction perpendicular to the construction dip angle is not considered, so that the geological significance of the solution of the chromatographic equation is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chromatography method based on bidirectional structure dip angle constraint for improving the stability and the geological significance of a chromatography equation solution.
In order to achieve the above object, the bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion provided by the present invention specifically includes: acquiring an inclination angle of an underground geological structure to form an inclination angle profile; establishing a chromatographic inversion equation according to the reflection ray tracing result of the underground geology and the dip angle profile; establishing a local constraint grid according to the position of a reflection point of a reflection ray of the underground geology; obtaining constraint conditions along the structure dip angle and constraint conditions of the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grids and the dip angle profile; and adding the constraint condition of the along-construction dip angle and the constraint condition of the vertical construction dip angle into the chromatography inversion equation to obtain a chromatography equation.
In the above method for constraining a bidirectional formation dip angle in tomographic inversion, preferably, the obtaining a subsurface formation dip angle includes: and acquiring the dip angle of the underground geological structure by using a dip angle scanning method.
In the above bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion, preferably, obtaining constraint conditions along a structure dip angle and constraint conditions of a vertical structure dip angle from the local constraint grid and the dip angle profile includes: and obtaining constraint conditions of the inclination angle along the structure and constraint conditions of the inclination angle of the vertical structure according to the local constraint grids and the positive and negative values of the inclination angle in the inclination angle section.
In the above two-way structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion, preferably, obtaining constraint conditions along the structure dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the positive and negative values of the dip angle in the dip angle profile includes: when the inclination angle is a positive value, taking the position of the reflection point above and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper part and the left part of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions.
In the bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in the tomographic inversion, preferably, a constraint value of the position of the reflection point is cos θ + sin θ; the upper position constraint value is-cos theta, and the right position constraint value is-sin theta; the constraint value of the left position is-sin theta; theta is the formation tilt angle.
In the above two-way structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion, preferably, the constraint condition for obtaining the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the positive and negative values of the dip angle in the dip angle profile includes: when the inclination angle is a positive value, taking the position of the reflection point below and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper side and the right side of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions.
In the bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in the tomographic inversion, preferably, a constraint value of the position of the reflection point is cos θ + sin θ; the lower position constraint value is-sin theta; the upper position constraint value is-sin theta, and the right position constraint value is-cos theta; theta is the formation tilt angle.
The invention also provides a bidirectional construction dip angle constraint device in the chromatographic inversion, which comprises an acquisition module, a construction module and an analysis module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring an inclination angle of an underground geological structure to form an inclination angle profile; the construction module is used for establishing a tomography inversion equation according to the reflection ray tracing result of the underground geology and the dip angle profile; establishing a local constraint grid according to the position of a reflection point of a reflection ray of the underground geology; the analysis module is used for obtaining a constraint condition along a construction dip angle and a constraint condition of a vertical construction dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the dip angle profile; and adding the constraint condition of the along-structure dip angle and the constraint condition of the vertical-structure dip angle into the chromatography inversion equation to obtain a chromatography equation.
In the bidirectional structure inclination angle constraint device in the tomographic inversion, preferably, the analysis module includes a determination unit, and the determination unit is configured to obtain a constraint condition along the structure inclination angle and a constraint condition of the vertical structure inclination angle according to the local constraint grid and a positive value and a negative value of the inclination angle in the inclination angle profile.
In the bidirectional structure inclination angle constraint device in the tomographic inversion, preferably, the determining unit includes a locator, and the locator is configured to use the upper side and the right side of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions when the inclination angle is a positive value; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper part and the left part of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions.
In the bidirectional structure inclination angle constraint device in the tomographic inversion, preferably, the determination unit includes a locator, and the locator is configured to use, when the inclination angle is a positive value, a position of the reflection point below and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper side and the right side of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions.
The invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above method.
The invention solves the problem of the stability of the prior chromatographic equation solution and the difficulty of the resolved geological significance model by adopting the bidirectional-structure dip angle constraint chromatographic equation, and can be well applied to the prestack depth domain speed modeling.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2A-FIG. 2B are schematic views of constraint conditions along the structural tilt angle when the tilt angle is positive according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3A-3B are schematic diagrams illustrating constraint conditions along the structural tilt angle when the tilt angle is negative according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4A-FIG. 4B are schematic diagrams illustrating constraint conditions for vertical structure tilt angles when the tilt angle is a positive value according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 5A-5B are schematic diagrams illustrating constraint conditions for vertical structure tilt angles when the tilt angle is negative according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional structure dip angle constraint device in tomographic inversion provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional structure dip angle constraining apparatus in tomographic inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 to 10 are schematic diagrams illustrating the usage effect of the bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion provided by the present invention specifically includes: s101, acquiring an inclination angle of an underground geological structure to form an inclination angle profile; s102, establishing a tomography inversion equation according to the reflection ray tracing result of the underground geology and the dip angle profile; s103, establishing a local constraint grid according to the position of a reflection point of a reflection ray of the underground geology; s104, obtaining constraint conditions along the structure dip angle and constraint conditions of the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grids and the dip angle profile; s105, adding the constraint condition of the along-structure dip angle and the constraint condition of the vertical-structure dip angle into the chromatography inversion equation to obtain a chromatography equation. In the above embodiment, the obtaining of the dip angle of the underground geological structure may be obtained by an existing correlation algorithm, for example, by using a dip scanning method to obtain the dip angle of the underground geological structure. Of course, the actual operation can be achieved by other algorithms, and the present invention is not limited to this.
In step S104, obtaining the constraint condition of the along-structure dip and the constraint condition of the vertical-structure dip according to the local constraint grid and the dip profile further includes: obtaining a constraint condition of an inclination angle along the structure and a constraint condition of a vertical structure according to the local constraint grid and the positive value and the negative value of the inclination angle in the inclination angle section; in this embodiment, the local constraint grid is a nine-square grid centered on the reflection point.
Referring to fig. 2A to 3B, in the above embodiment, obtaining the constraint conditions along the structural dip according to the local constraint grid and the positive and negative values of the dip in the dip profile includes: when the inclination angle is a positive value, taking the position of the reflection point above and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper part and the left part of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions. Wherein, the constraint value of the position of the reflecting point is cos theta + sin theta; the upper position constraint value is-cos theta, and the right position constraint value is-sin theta; the constraint value of the left position is-sin theta; theta is the formation tilt angle.
Referring to fig. 4A to 5B, in the above embodiment, the constraint conditions for obtaining the vertical structure tilt angle according to the local constraint grid and the positive and negative values of the tilt angle in the tilt angle profile include: when the inclination angle is a positive value, taking the position of the reflection point below and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper side and the right side of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions. Wherein, the constraint value of the position of the reflecting point is cos theta + sin theta; the lower position constraint value is-sin theta; the upper position constraint value is-sin theta, and the right position constraint value is-cos theta; theta is the formation tilt angle.
For a more clear description of the above embodiments, the following takes the overall flow as an example to describe the above embodiments in combination, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the description is only an implementation manner for helping understanding the bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in the tomographic inversion provided by the present invention, and is not limited in any way.
In actual work, the specific flow is as follows:
A. the dip angle of the underground geologic structure is obtained through a related algorithm (such as a dip angle scanning method), and a dip angle profile is formed.
B. Establishing a chromatographic equation according to the tracking result of the reflected rays of the underground medium and the dip angle profile;
C. according to the current point, i.e. the ground
Establishing a 3 x 3 local constraint grid taking the current point as the center according to the position of the point where the lower medium reflects;
D. constraints along the dip of the construct are added to the chromatography equation. And selecting different constraint forms according to the positive and negative of the dip angle in the dip angle section, wherein theta is a structural dip angle. Carrying out constraint based on the inclination angle on the chromatographic equation grid, if the inclination angle is positive, selecting the upper side and the right side of the current point as constraint positions, wherein the constraint value of the current point is cos theta + sin theta, the constraint value of the upper side position is-cos theta, and the constraint value of the right side position is-sin theta; and if the inclination angle is negative, selecting the upper and left position constraint positions of the current point, wherein the constraint value of the current point is cos theta + sin theta, the constraint value of the upper position is-cos theta, and the constraint value of the left position is-sin theta.
E. The constraint of vertical structure dip is added to the chromatography equation. And selecting different constraint forms according to the positive and negative of the inclination angle, wherein theta is a structural inclination angle. Carrying out constraint based on the dip angle on the chromatographic equation grid, if the dip angle is positive, selecting the lower part and the right part of the current point as constraint positions, wherein the constraint value of the current point is cos theta + sin theta, the constraint value of the lower position is-sin theta, and the constraint value of the right position is-cos theta; and if the inclination angle is negative, selecting the upper and right position constraint positions of the current point, wherein the constraint value of the current point is cos theta + sin theta, the constraint value of the upper position is-sin theta, and the constraint value of the right position is-cos theta.
Referring to fig. 8 to 10, the bidirectional structure dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion provided by the present invention is applied to a work area of the sikawa basin to perform actual seismic data depth domain velocity modeling, and the obtained reflection tomographic result extends along the structure trend, so that geological information in the stacking section is well retained. Meanwhile, the updated speed is subjected to prestack depth migration imaging, the signal-to-noise ratio of an imaging section is obviously improved, and the continuity of the same-direction axis is further enhanced, so that the technical invention is established to obtain a better effect in practical application.
Referring to fig. 6, the present invention further provides a bidirectional structure dip angle constraint device in a chromatographic inversion, which includes an acquisition module, a structure module and an analysis module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring an inclination angle of an underground geological structure to form an inclination angle profile; the construction module is used for establishing a tomography inversion equation according to the reflection ray tracing result of the underground geology and the dip angle profile; establishing a local constraint grid according to the position of a reflection point of a reflection ray of the underground geology; the analysis module is used for obtaining a constraint condition along a construction dip angle and a constraint condition of a vertical construction dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the dip angle profile; and adding the constraint condition of the along-structure dip angle and the constraint condition of the vertical-structure dip angle into the chromatography inversion equation to obtain a chromatography equation.
Referring to fig. 7, in the bidirectional structure dip angle constraining apparatus for tomographic inversion, the analysis module may further include a determining unit, and the determining unit is configured to obtain a constraint condition along the structure dip angle and a constraint condition of the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grid and a positive value and a negative value of the dip angle in the dip angle profile.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the determining unit further includes a positioner, and the positioner is configured to use, when the tilt angle is a positive value, the position of the reflection point above and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper part and the left part of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions.
In the above embodiment, the positioner may be further configured to take the reflection point position below and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position when the tilt angle is a positive value; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper side and the right side of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions.
The invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above method.
The invention solves the problem of the stability of the prior chromatographic equation solution and the difficulty of the resolved geological significance model by adopting the bidirectional-structure dip angle constraint chromatographic equation, and can be well applied to the prestack depth domain speed modeling.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for bi-directional formation dip angle constraint in analytical inversion, the method comprising:
acquiring an inclination angle of an underground geological structure to form an inclination angle profile;
establishing a chromatographic inversion equation according to the reflection ray tracing result of the underground geology and the dip angle profile;
establishing a local constraint grid according to the position of a reflection point of a reflection ray of the underground geology;
obtaining constraint conditions along the structure dip angle and constraint conditions of the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grids and the dip angle profile;
adding the constraint condition of the along-construction dip angle and the constraint condition of the vertical construction dip angle into the chromatography inversion equation to obtain a chromatography equation;
obtaining the constraint condition of the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the positive and negative values of the dip angle in the dip angle profile, wherein the constraint condition comprises the following steps: when the inclination angle is a positive value, taking the position of the reflection point below and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper side and the right side of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions;
the position of the reflecting point is constrained by the value
(ii) a A lower position constraint value of
(ii) a Upper position constraint value of
The constraint value of the right position is
；
To construct the tilt angle.
2. The bi-directional formation dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining subsurface geological formation dip angles comprises: and acquiring the dip angle of the underground geological structure by using a dip angle scanning method.
3. The bi-directional formation dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion according to claim 1, wherein obtaining constraints along a formation dip angle and constraints of a vertical formation dip angle from the local constraint grid and the dip profile comprises: and obtaining constraint conditions of the inclination angle along the structure and constraint conditions of the inclination angle of the vertical structure according to the local constraint grids and the positive and negative values of the inclination angle in the inclination angle section.
4. The bi-directional formation dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion according to claim 3, wherein obtaining the constraint condition along the formation dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the positive and negative values of the dip angle in the dip angle profile comprises: when the inclination angle is a positive value, taking the position of the reflection point above and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; and when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper part and the left part of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions.
5. The bi-directional formation dip angle constraint method in tomographic inversion according to claim 4, wherein the constraint value of the reflection point position is
(ii) a Upper position constraint value of
The constraint value of the right position is
(ii) a The constraint value of the left position is
；
To construct the tilt angle.
6. The bidirectional structure dip angle restraint device in the chromatographic inversion is characterized by comprising an acquisition module, a structure module and an analysis module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring an inclination angle of an underground geological structure to form an inclination angle profile;
the construction module is used for establishing a tomography inversion equation according to the reflection ray tracing result of the underground geology and the dip angle profile; establishing a local constraint grid according to the position of a reflection point of a reflection ray of the underground geology;
the analysis module is used for obtaining a constraint condition along a construction dip angle and a constraint condition of a vertical construction dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the dip angle profile; adding the constraint condition of the along-construction dip angle and the constraint condition of the vertical construction dip angle into the chromatography inversion equation to obtain a chromatography equation; obtaining the constraint condition of the vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grid and the positive and negative values of the dip angle in the dip angle profile, wherein the constraint condition comprises the following steps: when the inclination angle is a positive value, taking the position of the reflection point below and to the right in the local constraint grid as a constraint position; when the inclination angle is a negative value, taking the upper side and the right side of the reflection point position in the local constraint grid as constraint positions; the position of the reflecting point is constrained by the value
(ii) a A lower position constraint value of
(ii) a Upper position constraint value of
The constraint value of the right position is
；
To construct the tilt angle.
7. The bidirectional structure dip angle constraint device in tomographic inversion according to claim 6, wherein the analysis module comprises a determination unit, and the determination unit is configured to obtain a constraint condition along a structure dip angle and a constraint condition of a vertical structure dip angle according to the local constraint grid and a positive value and a negative value of the dip angle in the dip angle profile.
8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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