CN109654496B - Self-preheating type high-speed burner and control method thereof - Google Patents
Self-preheating type high-speed burner and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109654496B CN109654496B CN201710950303.3A CN201710950303A CN109654496B CN 109654496 B CN109654496 B CN 109654496B CN 201710950303 A CN201710950303 A CN 201710950303A CN 109654496 B CN109654496 B CN 109654496B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of burners, and relates to a self-preheating type high-speed burner and a control method thereof, wherein a radial injection gas supply pipe and an axial injection gas supply pipe are arranged on a gas supply pipe, the ratio of radial injection fuel to axial injection fuel is automatically adjusted through a gas adjusting plate arranged at the inlet of the gas supply pipe, a combustion chamber passes through the middle of a flue gas deflector, air flows into a main combustion space directly from a gap between the combustion chamber and the flue gas deflector after passing through a preheater, residual air flows into the combustion chamber and is injected into the main combustion space while reacting with gas, and the gap between the combustion chamber and the flue gas deflector is increased along with the temperature rise. The invention adjusts the position of the flue gas deflector by utilizing the thermal expansion of the preheater, controls the air classification proportion, and correspondingly adjusts the fuel classification proportion, thereby not only effectively ensuring the flame stability in a medium-low temperature state, but also automatically prolonging the flame length in a high temperature state, controlling the local high temperature of the flame, improving the temperature uniformity and reducing the NOx emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of burners, and relates to a self-preheating type high-speed burner and a control method thereof.
Background
The self-preheating type high-speed burner is widely used in metallurgical heat treatment furnaces, but the relatively high NOx emission value is usually caused by the large combustion intensity in a small-space combustion chamber, and a considerable part of products have the defect of unstable flame at low temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a self-preheating type high-speed burner for solving the problems of the existing self-preheating type high-speed burner, which not only ensures flame stabilization of the burner at low temperature, but also can control local high temperature and NOx emission index at higher temperature.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a self-preheating type high-speed burner, which comprises a fuel gas supply pipe, an air supply pipe, a preheater, a smoke exhaust pipe, a smoke deflector and a combustion chamber, and is characterized in that: the fuel gas supply pipe comprises a radial injection fuel gas supply pipe and an axial injection fuel gas supply pipe which are sleeved from outside to inside, the outer side of the gas outlet of the flue gas deflector is a main combustion space, one end of the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe, which is close to the main combustion space, is provided with a combustion chamber, the other end of the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe is provided with a throttle structure for adjusting the fuel ratio of the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe and the axial injection fuel gas supply pipe, and the throttle structure consists of a fuel gas adjusting plate and a partition plate; the flue gas deflector is fixed on the preheater, sleeved outside the combustion chamber and not fixed on the combustion chamber, an air supply pipe and a smoke exhaust pipe which are separated by the preheater are respectively communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the flue gas deflector, and a circle of circular seam H1 is formed between the flue gas deflector and the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber comprises a rear end straight section, a necking section and a front end straight section, the inner diameter of the necking section is gradually reduced, the front end straight section is connected with the necking section and penetrates through the flue gas deflector, and the rear end straight section is connected to one end of the necking section deviating from the front end straight section and is fixed with the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe; the minimum distance between the combustion chamber and the flue gas deflector increases with increasing temperature of the main combustion space.
Further, the flue gas deflector comprises a necking section and a front neck straight section, wherein the inner diameter of the necking section is gradually reduced, two ends of the necking section are respectively connected with the preheater and the front neck straight section, and the circular seam H1 is positioned between the front neck straight section of the flue gas deflector and the front end straight section of the combustion chamber; the necking angle A of the necking section of the combustion chamber is not larger than the necking angle B of the necking section of the flue gas deflector.
Further, the flue gas deflector further comprises a neck section connected to the neck section at an end facing away from the front neck section and securing the neck section to the preheater.
Further, the connection parts of the necking sections, the front neck straight sections and the rear neck straight sections of the flue gas deflector are in arc-shaped round angle transition; the external connection of the front neck straight section of the flue gas deflector is D1, the radius of a fillet at the joint between the necking section and the front neck straight section and the rear neck straight section is R1 and R2 respectively, and R1= (1.3-1.5) R2 and R2= (0.4-0.5) D1; before the burner is ignited, the necking section of the combustion chamber is contacted with the inner wall of the smoke deflector, and the contact point is positioned on the arc section at the joint between the necking section and the front neck straight section of the smoke deflector.
Further, the radial injection gas supply pipe is provided with a circular baffle plate at the end part of the front end extending into the combustion chamber, an air distribution disc is arranged between the inlet of the combustion chamber and the circular baffle plate at the front end of the radial injection gas supply pipe, a radial gas nozzle is arranged between the air distribution disc and the circular baffle plate, an axial gas nozzle is arranged at the front end extending into the combustion chamber of the axial injection gas supply pipe, and the axial gas nozzle penetrates through the circular baffle plate.
Further, the number of the radial gas nozzles is more than or equal to 3, the radial gas nozzles are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the radial jet gas supply pipe, the axis of the radial gas nozzles is perpendicular to the axis of the burner, the axis of the axial gas nozzles coincides with the axis of the burner, and the ratio of the sectional area of the axial gas nozzles to the total sectional area of the radial gas nozzles is 1:2-2:1.
Further, the air distribution plate is of a disc structure, at least three air injection round holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the air distribution plate, the axes of the air injection round holes are parallel to the axis of the burner, and the contour line of the air injection round holes is tangential to the contour of the outer ring of the circular baffle plate.
Further, a circle of circular seam H2 is formed between the air distribution plate and the inner wall of the straight section at the rear end of the combustion chamber; the ratio of the total area of the air injection round holes to the cross-sectional area of the circular seam H2 is 1:1-1:3; the ratio of the cross section area of the circular seam H1 to the cross section area of the circular seam H2 is 1:1-1:4.
A control method of self-preheating type high-speed burner comprises the following steps:
A. the angle of the gas regulating plate is regulated according to the temperature of the main combustion space, when the temperature of the main combustion space is lower than a set minimum temperature value T1, the gas regulating plate is positioned at a 0-degree position, the gas regulating plate seals the axial injection gas supply pipe, gas from the radial gas nozzle and air from the air supply pipe flow into the combustion chamber, and the radial injection gas and air undergo diffusion combustion reaction in the combustion chamber to realize stable combustion in a low-temperature state;
B. with the combustion of the fuel, the temperature of the main combustion space gradually rises, air starts to be preheated, gaps start to appear between the combustion chamber and the inner wall of the flue gas deflector due to different expansion amounts, and part of air starts to flow through the gaps and flows into the main combustion space through the circular seam H1;
C. when the temperature of the main combustion chamber is between a minimum temperature value T1 and a maximum temperature value T2, the gas adjusting plate is adjusted, and gas is sprayed into the combustion chamber from the radial gas nozzle and the axial gas nozzle in different directions; the fuel gas sprayed out of the radial fuel gas nozzle and the axial fuel gas nozzle and the air flowing in from the air supply pipe are subjected to diffusion combustion in the combustion chamber and stabilize flame, and other part of fuel gas flows out of the combustion chamber and enters the main combustion space to continue combustion; the higher the temperature, the greater the proportion of the gas injected from the axial gas nozzle, the greater the proportion of the air flowing from the circumferential seam H1 into the main combustion space, i.e. the greater the proportion of combustion in the main combustion space;
D. when the temperature of the main combustion space reaches or is higher than the highest temperature value T2, the stability of low-temperature combustion is not needed, the gas regulating plate is regulated to the position of C DEG, the plugging part of the gas regulating plate radially sprays the gas supply pipe, and the ratio of spraying gas from the axial gas nozzle into the combustion chamber is maximized; meanwhile, as the temperature of the main combustion space is continuously increased, the circulation gap between the smoke deflector and the combustion chamber is controlled by the circular seam H1, and the proportion of air flowing through the circular seam H1 also reaches the upper limit; because of the reduced proportion of air flowing into the combustion chamber and the axial injection mode of a large amount of fuel gas, the fuel gas mainly generates combustion reaction in the main combustion space, a certain combustion strength is reserved in the combustion chamber, a certain back pressure is generated, and the high-speed injection of the gas from the combustion chamber and the circular seam H1 is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the self-preheating type high-speed burner, the staged combustion of fuel gas in the self-preheating type high-speed burner is mainly regulated according to the temperature of a main combustion space, when the temperature of the main combustion space is low, a fuel gas regulating plate seals an axial injection fuel gas supply pipe, fuel gas entering from a radial injection fuel gas supply pipe and air entering from an air supply pipe all enter a combustion chamber, the fuel gas and the air undergo combustion reaction in the combustion chamber, stable combustion of the fuel gas in the combustion chamber in a low-temperature state is realized, an NOx emission value is at a low level, the burner aims at ensuring flame stability, and the stability of the combustion of the burner in a medium-low-temperature state is realized;
when the main combustion space is in a high temperature state, the gas adjusting plate is plugged with a part of the radial injection gas supply pipe, gas is mainly injected into the combustion chamber from the axial gas nozzle, a small part of the gas reacts with air in the combustion chamber to form a certain temperature in the combustion chamber, so that the gas is heated and expanded in the combustion chamber, the gas is sprayed out at a higher spraying speed, so that most of the gas enters the main combustion space from the combustion chamber to perform combustion reaction with air, the gas jet and the air jet are mutually parallel, a slower reaction speed can be realized, longer flame and more uniform temperature can be obtained, and the NOx emission index is effectively controlled. When the fuel gas and the air are combusted in the main combustion space, the flow rate of the air between the flue gas deflector and the combustion chamber is controlled by the circular seam H1, and the air flowing through the circular seam H1 reaches the upper limit, so that the size of flame in the main combustion space can be controlled, the flame stability is ensured, and meanwhile, the combustion intensity is reduced to a certain extent, and the combustion chamber is protected.
2. The self-preheating type high-speed burner provided by the invention always ensures higher gas injection speed, plays an injection role on the gas in the main combustion space, realizes higher self-circulation multiplying power of the flue gas, can be applied to open flame heating, can also be used for a radiant tube indirect heating device, and can effectively improve the uniformity of the surface temperature of the radiant tube and greatly prolong the service life of the radiant tube when used for the radiant tube indirect heating device.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention provides the following drawings for description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a self-preheating burner of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gas conditioning plate prior to ignition of the self-preheating burner of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gas regulating plate in a high temperature state of the self-preheating burner of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of various gas flows during high operation of the self-preheating burner of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an M-M view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a view in the F direction of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an E-E view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the combustion chamber and the flue gas deflector at high temperature.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:
the gas supply pipe 1, the air supply pipe 2, the preheater 3, the smoke exhaust pipe 4, the smoke deflector 5, the combustion chamber 6, the main combustion space 7, the radial injection gas supply pipe 8, the axial injection gas supply pipe 9, the gas adjusting plate 10, the partition plate 11, the air distribution plate 12, the circular baffle 13, the radial gas nozzle 14, the axial gas nozzle 15 and the air injection round hole 16.
The self-preheating type high-speed burner shown in fig. 1 is composed of a gas supply pipe 1, an air supply pipe 2 and a smoke exhaust pipe 4 which are arranged on a burner shell, a preheater 3 which separates the air supply pipe 2 and the smoke exhaust pipe 4, a smoke deflector 5 which is arranged on the preheater 3 and is close to a main combustion space 7, a combustion chamber 6 and the main combustion space 7 in sequence from left to right. The fuel gas supply pipe 1 comprises a radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 and an axial injection fuel gas supply pipe 9 which are sleeved from outside to inside, the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 and the axial injection fuel gas supply pipe 9 are separated by a partition plate 11, a fuel gas adjusting plate 10 capable of being automatically adjusted according to temperature is arranged at a fuel gas inlet of the fuel gas supply pipe 1, and the fuel gas adjusting plate 10 can adjust the fuel ratio entering the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 and the axial injection fuel gas supply pipe 9; the gas regulating plate 10 automatically switches the angle of the gas regulating plate 10 according to the temperature of the main combustion space 7, when the temperature of the main combustion space 7 is lower than a certain temperature value T1, the gas regulating plate 10 is positioned at a 0-degree position as shown in FIG. 2, and the axial injection gas supply pipe 9 is blocked; when the temperature of the main combustion space 7 is higher than a certain temperature value T2, the gas regulating plate 10 is positioned at a C degree position as shown in fig. 3, and the blocking part radially sprays the gas supply pipe 8; c ranges from 90 DEG to 180 DEG; when the temperature of the main combustion space 7 is between T1 and T2, the gas regulating plate 10 is switched between 0 ℃ and C according to a certain proportion function; the temperature values T1 and T2 may be set autonomously as required.
The staged proportion of the staged combustion of the gas is adjusted according to the temperature of the main combustion space 7. When in a low temperature state, the NOx emission value is at a lower level, the burner aims at ensuring flame stabilization, and fuel gas is mainly injected into the combustion chamber 6 from the radial fuel gas nozzles 14 for combustion; air also flows into the combustion chamber 6 to perform combustion reaction with fuel gas; when the temperature of the main combustion space 7 reaches a certain value and air is preheated to a certain temperature, and fuel can spontaneously and stably burn in the main combustion space 7, the burner aims at reducing local high temperature, improving temperature uniformity and reducing NOx emission, fuel gas is mainly sprayed into the combustion chamber 6 from the axial fuel gas nozzle 15, a small part of fuel gas reacts with the air in the combustion chamber 6 to form a certain temperature in the combustion chamber 6, so that the heated expansion of the gas in the combustion chamber 6 is realized, and a higher spraying speed is realized; most of the fuel gas flows into the main combustion space 7 from the combustion chamber 6 to continue to perform combustion reaction with air; the gas jet and the air jet are parallel to each other, so that a slower reaction speed can be realized, longer flame and more uniform temperature can be obtained, and the NOx emission index can be effectively controlled. Since the combustion speed or combustion characteristics of the fuel differ depending on the heating value or composition of the fuel, it is necessary to set different C angles and different temperature values T1 and T2 depending on different fuel conditions.
The fuel gas supply pipe 1 comprises a radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 and an axial injection fuel gas supply pipe 9 which are sleeved from outside to inside, the fuel gas outlet of the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 is connected with the combustion chamber 6, the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 extends into the combustion chamber 6, an air distribution disc 12 is arranged at the position where the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 extends into the inlet of the combustion chamber 6, the air distribution disc 12 is in a disc structure, and a circular seam H2 is formed between the air distribution disc 12 and the inner wall of the rear section of the combustion chamber 6. The radial jet fuel gas supply pipe 8 is provided with a circular baffle 13 at the jet end, the radial jet fuel gas supply pipe 8 between the air distribution disk 12 and the circular baffle 13 is provided with radial fuel gas nozzles 14, the end of the axial jet fuel gas supply pipe is provided with axial fuel gas nozzles 15, the axial fuel gas nozzles 15 penetrate through the middle part of the circular baffle 13, a circle of air jet round holes 16 as shown in fig. 5 are uniformly distributed on the air distribution disk 12 in the circumferential direction, the number of the air jet round holes 16 is 6, and the axis of the air jet round holes 16 is parallel to the axis of the burner; in the side view of the burner as shown in fig. 6, the outline of the outer ring of the circular baffle 13 is tangential to the outline of the air injection circular hole 16. The ratio of the total area of the air jet circular holes 16 to the cross-sectional area of the circumferential slit H2 was 1:3.
The air entering the combustion chamber 6 is divided into outer ring air and a plurality of small hole air, and the air is burnt in a grading manner in the combustion chamber 6 to control the combustion intensity and combustion stability of the fuel gas in the combustion chamber 6, and the outer ring air can also play a role in reducing the temperature of the inner wall of the combustion chamber 6. The radial gas nozzle is arranged between the air distribution plate 12 and the circular baffle 13, and under the action of the circular baffle 13, the radially sprayed gas can be more stably burnt with the air sprayed by the air spraying round hole 16, so that the purpose of stable combustion is achieved. In order to better ensure the combustion stability in the combustion chamber 6, the number of the radial gas nozzles 14 is not less than 3, and the radial gas nozzles are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the radial injection gas supply pipe 8. The end of the axial jet fuel gas supply pipe is provided with an axial fuel gas nozzle 15, and the axial fuel gas nozzle 15 passes through the middle part of the circular baffle 13. In order to better ensure the flame length and the temperature uniformity in the high-temperature state, the number of the axial gas nozzles 15 is one, and the ratio of the sectional area of the axial gas nozzles 15 to the total sectional area of the radial gas nozzles 14 is 2:1.
The preheater 3 separates the air supply pipe 2 from the smoke exhaust pipe 4, air enters the burner throat from the air supply pipe 2 and flows through the inner side of the preheater 3, and the smoke in the main combustion space 7 flows through the outer side of the preheater 3 and is then exhausted through the smoke exhaust pipe 4; the flue gas deflector 5 is arranged on the preheater 3 and is close to the main combustion space 7, the middle section of the combustion chamber 6 is of a necking structure, the necking angle is A, the front section and the rear section of the combustion chamber 6 are of straight pipe structures, the rear section of the combustion chamber 6 is fixed on the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8, the front section of the combustion chamber 6 passes through the middle of the flue gas deflector 5 and forms a circle of circular seam H1 shown in fig. 7 with the flue gas deflector 5, the ratio of the cross section area of the circular seam H1 to the cross section area of the circular seam H2 is 1:2, the combustion chamber 6 and the flue gas deflector 5 are not fixed, and the minimum distance from the necking part of the middle section of the combustion chamber 6 to the flue gas deflector 5 is increased along with the temperature rise of the main combustion space 7 due to the difference of the temperatures of the preheater 3, the flue gas deflector 5, the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 and the combustion chamber 6 and the difference of thermal expansion coefficients of materials.
When the self-preheating burner is operated as shown in fig. 4, fuel gas is distributed to the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe 8 and the axial injection fuel gas supply pipe 9 by the fuel gas adjusting plate 10, and then enters the combustion chamber 6 to start combustion reaction and enter the main combustion space 7; after being preheated to a certain temperature by the preheater 3, the air is blocked by the flue gas deflector 5, and part of the air enters the combustion chamber 6 to undergo combustion reaction with fuel gas and then enters the main combustion space 7; part of air flows through a gap between the flue gas deflector 5 and the combustion chamber 6 and then enters the main combustion space 7 through the circular gap H1 to further perform combustion reaction with fuel gas.
The middle part of the flue gas deflector 5 is of a necking structure, the necking angle is B, and the necking angle B of the flue gas deflector 5 is larger than the necking angle A of the combustion chamber 6; the front section and the rear section of the flue gas deflector 5 are of straight pipe sections, the straight section of the rear neck of the flue gas deflector 5 is connected with the preheater 3, and the straight section of the front neck of the flue gas deflector 5 is contacted with the main combustion space 7; the middle necking section of the flue gas deflector 5 is connected with the connecting parts of the front neck section and the rear neck section of the flue gas deflector 5 by adopting fillets; the connection parts of the necking sections of the flue gas deflector 5 and the front neck straight sections and the rear neck straight sections are in arc-shaped round angle transition; the external connection of the front neck straight section of the flue gas deflector 5 is D1, the fillet radius of the joint between the necking section and the front neck straight section and the joint between the necking section and the rear neck straight section are R1 and R2 respectively, and R1= (1.3-1.5) R2 and R2= (0.4-0.5) D1. Before the burner is ignited, the necking part of the middle section of the combustion chamber 6 is contacted with the inner wall of the flue gas deflector 5, and the contact point is positioned on an arc section at the joint between the necking section and the front neck straight section of the flue gas deflector 5.
After the burner is ignited, a gap is leaked between the flue gas deflector 5 and the combustion chamber 6 along with the increase of the temperature, the gap is increased along with the increase of the temperature, the proportion of air directly entering the main combustion space 7 from the circular gap H1 is gradually increased, the proportion of air reacting with fuel gas in the combustion chamber 6 is gradually reduced, the air staged combustion is realized, the combustion intensity and the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 6 are effectively controlled, and the emission of local high temperature and NOx is controlled.
The middle section necking structure of the flue gas deflector 5 and the round corners at the front and rear connecting positions are connected, and under the injection effect of high-speed air flow of the burner combustion chamber 6 and the circular seam H1, the gas in the main combustion space 7 can be driven to flow back along the outer wall of the flue gas deflector 5 better, so that the purpose of improving the self-circulation multiplying power of flue gas is achieved, and more uniform reaction temperature and lower NOx emission are realized.
The fuel gas can be sprayed into the combustion chamber 6 in different directions through the radial fuel gas spray nozzle 14 and the axial fuel gas spray nozzle 15 to perform combustion reaction with air, so that the aim of gas staged combustion is fulfilled, and the combustion strength of the combustion chamber 6 is further reduced; the fuel gas sprayed from the radial fuel gas nozzles 14 is perpendicular to the axis of the burner, namely perpendicular to the advancing direction of air in the combustion chamber 6, so that the fuel gas can better perform a peroxidation reaction with the air in the combustion chamber 6, and the purpose of stabilizing flame is achieved; the fuel gas sprayed from the axial fuel gas nozzle 15 is parallel to the air propelling direction, so that the combustion process of the fuel and the air can be effectively slowed down, and the aims of lengthening flame, reducing partial combustion, improving temperature uniformity and reducing NOx emission are achieved.
As shown in fig. 8, when the temperature of the main combustion space 7 reaches T2 ℃, the minimum distance between the throat portion of the middle section of the combustion chamber 6 and the inner wall of the flue gas deflector 5 is L1, and L1 is greater than the width L2 of the circumferential seam H1. The area of the circumferential seam H1 controls the amount of air entering the main combustion space 7 from between the combustion chamber 6 and the flue gas deflector 5 to prevent further reduction of air entering the combustion chamber 6 to ensure sufficient combustion strength in the combustion chamber 6 to provide a higher injection velocity. The necking guide structures of the flue gas deflector 5 and the combustion chamber 6 can also guide the flue gas to circulate, and under the jet action of the high-speed air flow of the circular seam H1, the flue gas is mixed with the air jetted by the circular seam H1, so that the oxygen concentration is greatly reduced, and the low-oxygen combustion is realized; the flue gas and the high-speed air flow at the outlet of the combustion chamber 6 flow forwards together, so that the air flow is increased, the combustion temperature of the gas combustion can be further reduced, the local high temperature is controlled, the temperature uniformity is improved, the concentration of unfinished reaction gas sprayed from the combustion can be further reduced, the combustion intensity is reduced, and the purposes of elongating flame and improving the temperature uniformity are achieved.
A control method of self-preheating type high-speed burner comprises the following steps:
A. when the temperature of the main combustion space 7 is lower than a set minimum temperature value T1, the gas regulating plate 10 is positioned at a 0-degree position, the gas regulating plate 10 seals the axial injection gas supply pipe 9, the gas entering from the radial gas nozzle 14 and the air entering from the air supply pipe 2 all flow into the combustion chamber 6, and the radially injected gas and the air undergo diffusion combustion reaction in the combustion chamber 6 to realize stable combustion in a low-temperature state;
B. with the combustion of the fuel, the temperature of the main combustion space 7 gradually rises, air starts to be preheated, gaps start to appear between the combustion chamber 6 and the inner wall of the flue gas deflector 5 due to different expansion amounts, and part of air starts to flow through the gaps and flows into the main combustion space through the circular gaps H1;
C. when the temperature of the main combustion chamber 6 is between the minimum temperature value T1 and the maximum temperature value T2, the gas adjusting plate 10 is adjusted, and gas is injected into the combustion chamber 6 from the radial gas nozzle 14 and the axial gas nozzle 15 in different directions; the fuel gas sprayed out of the radial fuel gas spray opening 14 and the axial fuel gas spray opening 15 and the air flowing in from the air supply pipe 2 are subjected to diffusion combustion in the combustion chamber 6 and stabilize flame, and other part of fuel gas flows out of the combustion chamber 6 into the main combustion space to continue combustion; the higher the temperature, the greater the proportion of the gas injected from the axial gas nozzle 15, the greater the proportion of the air flowing from the circumferential slit H1 into the main combustion space 7, i.e., the greater the proportion of combustion in the main combustion space;
D. when the temperature of the main combustion space 7 reaches or exceeds the highest temperature value T2, the stability of low-temperature combustion is not needed any more, the gas regulating plate 10 is regulated to the C-degree position, the gas regulating plate 10 is used for blocking part of the radial injection gas supply pipe 8, and the ratio of injecting gas into the combustion chamber 6 from the axial gas nozzle 15 is maximized; meanwhile, as the temperature of the main combustion space 7 is continuously increased, the circulation gap between the flue gas deflector 5 and the combustion chamber 6 is controlled by the circular seam H1, and the proportion of air flowing through the circular seam H1 also reaches the upper limit; due to the reduction of the proportion of air flowing into the combustion chamber 6 and the axial injection mode of a large amount of fuel gas, the fuel gas mainly generates combustion reaction in the main combustion space 7, a certain combustion intensity is reserved in the combustion chamber 6, a certain back pressure is generated, and the high-speed injection of the gas from the combustion chamber 6 and the circular seam H1 is realized.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail by means of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a self preheating type high-speed nozzle, includes gas supply pipe, air supply pipe, pre-heater, exhaust pipe, flue gas director and combustion chamber, its characterized in that: the fuel gas supply pipe comprises a radial injection fuel gas supply pipe and an axial injection fuel gas supply pipe which are sleeved from outside to inside, the outer side of the gas outlet of the flue gas deflector is a main combustion space, one end of the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe, which is close to the main combustion space, is provided with a combustion chamber, the other end of the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe is provided with a throttle structure for adjusting the fuel ratio of the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe and the axial injection fuel gas supply pipe, and the throttle structure consists of a fuel gas adjusting plate and a partition plate; the flue gas deflector is fixed on the preheater, sleeved outside the combustion chamber and not fixed on the combustion chamber, an air supply pipe and a smoke exhaust pipe which are separated by the preheater are respectively communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the flue gas deflector, and a circle of circular seam H1 is formed between the flue gas deflector and the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber comprises a rear end straight section, a necking section and a front end straight section, the inner diameter of the necking section is gradually reduced, the front end straight section is connected with the necking section and penetrates through the flue gas deflector, and the rear end straight section is connected to one end of the necking section deviating from the front end straight section and is fixed with the radial injection fuel gas supply pipe; the minimum distance between the combustion chamber and the flue gas deflector increases with increasing temperature of the main combustion space.
2. The self-preheating type high-speed burner according to claim 1, wherein: the flue gas deflector comprises a necking section and a front neck straight section, wherein the inner diameter of the necking section is gradually reduced, two ends of the necking section are respectively connected with the preheater and the front neck straight section, and the circular seam H1 is positioned between the front neck straight section of the flue gas deflector and the front end straight section of the combustion chamber; the necking angle A of the necking section of the combustion chamber is not larger than the necking angle B of the necking section of the flue gas deflector.
3. The self-preheating type high-speed burner according to claim 2, wherein: the flue gas deflector further comprises a back neck straight section connected with the neck section at one end away from the front neck straight section and fixing the neck section on the preheater.
4. A self-preheating high-speed burner as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the connection parts of the necking sections, the front neck straight sections and the rear neck straight sections of the flue gas deflector are in arc-shaped rounded corner transition; the external connection of the front neck straight section of the flue gas deflector is D1, the radius of a fillet at the joint between the necking section and the front neck straight section and the rear neck straight section is R1 and R2 respectively, and R1= (1.3-1.5) R2, R2= (0.4-0.5) D1; before the burner is ignited, the necking section of the combustion chamber is contacted with the inner wall of the smoke deflector, and the contact point is positioned on the arc section at the joint between the necking section and the front neck straight section of the smoke deflector.
5. The self-preheating type high-speed burner according to claim 4, wherein: the radial jet fuel gas supply pipe is provided with a circular baffle plate at the end part of the front end extending into the combustion chamber, an air distribution disc is arranged between the inlet of the combustion chamber and the circular baffle plate at the front end of the radial jet fuel gas supply pipe, a radial fuel gas nozzle is arranged between the air distribution disc and the circular baffle plate, an axial fuel gas nozzle is arranged at the front end extending into the combustion chamber of the axial jet fuel gas supply pipe, and the axial fuel gas nozzle penetrates through the circular baffle plate.
6. The self-preheating type high-speed burner according to claim 5, wherein: the number of the radial gas nozzles is more than or equal to 3, the radial gas nozzles are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the radial jet gas supply pipe, the axis of the radial gas nozzle is perpendicular to the axis of the burner, the axis of the axial gas nozzle coincides with the axis of the burner, and the ratio of the sectional area of the axial gas nozzle to the total sectional area of the radial gas nozzle is 1:2-2:1.
7. The self-preheating type high-speed burner according to claim 6, wherein: the air distribution plate is of a disc structure, at least three air injection round holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the air distribution plate, the axis of each air injection round hole is parallel to the axis of the burner, and the contour line of each air injection round hole is tangential to the contour of the outer ring of the circular baffle plate.
8. The self-preheating type high-speed burner according to claim 7, wherein: a circle of circular seam H2 is formed between the air distribution plate and the inner wall of the straight section at the rear end of the combustion chamber; the ratio of the total area of the air injection round holes to the cross-sectional area of the circular seam H2 is 1:1-1:3; the ratio of the cross section area of the circular seam H1 to the cross section area of the circular seam H2 is 1:1-1:4.
9. A control method of the self-preheating type high-speed burner according to claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
A. the angle of the gas regulating plate is regulated according to the temperature of the main combustion space, when the temperature of the main combustion space is lower than a set minimum temperature value T1, the gas regulating plate is positioned at a 0-degree position, the gas regulating plate is used for plugging an axial injection gas supply pipe, gas from a radial gas nozzle and air from an air supply pipe flow into a combustion chamber, and the gas and the air undergo a diffusion combustion reaction in the combustion chamber to realize stable combustion in a low-temperature state;
B. with the combustion of the fuel, the temperature of the main combustion space gradually rises, air starts to be preheated, gaps start to appear between the combustion chamber and the inner wall of the flue gas deflector due to different expansion amounts, and part of air starts to flow through the gaps and flows into the main combustion space through the circular seam H1;
C. when the temperature of the main combustion chamber is between a minimum temperature value T1 and a maximum temperature value T2, the gas adjusting plate is adjusted, and gas is sprayed into the combustion chamber from the radial gas nozzle and the axial gas nozzle in different directions; the fuel gas sprayed out of the radial fuel gas nozzle and the axial fuel gas nozzle and the air flowing in from the air supply pipe are subjected to diffusion combustion in the combustion chamber and stabilize flame, and other part of fuel gas flows out of the combustion chamber and enters the main combustion space to continue combustion; the higher the temperature, the greater the proportion of the gas injected from the axial gas nozzle, the greater the proportion of the air flowing from the circumferential seam H1 into the main combustion space, i.e. the greater the proportion of combustion in the main combustion space;
D. when the temperature of the main combustion space reaches or is higher than the highest temperature value T2, the stability of low-temperature combustion is not needed, the gas regulating plate is regulated to the position of C DEG, the plugging part of the gas regulating plate radially sprays the gas supply pipe, and the ratio of spraying gas from the axial gas nozzle into the combustion chamber is maximized; meanwhile, as the temperature of the main combustion space is continuously increased, the circulation gap between the smoke deflector and the combustion chamber is controlled by the circular seam H1, and the proportion of air flowing through the circular seam H1 also reaches the upper limit; because of the reduced proportion of air flowing into the combustion chamber and the axial injection mode of a large amount of fuel gas, the fuel gas mainly generates combustion reaction in the main combustion space, a certain combustion strength is reserved in the combustion chamber, a certain back pressure is generated, and the high-speed injection of the gas from the combustion chamber is realized.
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| CN201710950303.3A CN109654496B (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2017-10-12 | Self-preheating type high-speed burner and control method thereof |
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| CN201710950303.3A CN109654496B (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2017-10-12 | Self-preheating type high-speed burner and control method thereof |
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| CN116182160B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-08-08 | 大唐辽源发电厂 | Intelligent low-nitrogen staged combustor based on data monitoring and control system thereof |
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