CN109654057A

CN109654057A - Turbocharger with thrust bearing assembly

Info

Publication number: CN109654057A
Application number: CN201811187989.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: Z·S·阿什顿; C·C·朗埃克; K·R·比斯科夫; J·P·莫谢蒂
Original assignee: BorgWarner Inc
Current assignee: BorgWarner Inc
Priority date: 2017-10-12
Filing date: 2018-10-12
Publication date: 2019-04-19
Also published as: WO2019075283A1; CN209483679U

Abstract

A kind of thrust bearing assembly for turbocharger includes: the first thrust sector, is arranged on the turbo-charger shaft of turbocharger；Second thrust sector is arranged on turbo-charger shaft and axially spaced with the first thrust sector；And washer spacer, it is axially disposed on turbo-charger shaft between the first thrust sector and the second thrust sector.Thrust bearing assembly includes thrust bearing, and thrust bearing axially is arranged between the first thrust sector and the second thrust sector and around washer spacer.Thrust bearing includes: first bearing surface, is used to limit the first gap with the first thrust sector；The second bearing surface opposite with first bearing surface is used to limit the second gap with the second thrust sector；And sealing element, extend towards washer spacer to limit third space with washer spacer.Thrust bearing has fluid channel, extends to washer spacer to provide fluid to the first gap and the second gap.The lubricant flowing for entering second bearing surface is reduced when thrust bearing and the cooperation of washer spacer are to limit first bearing surface of the dynamic sealing to be applied to thrust bearing in thrust load.

Description

Turbocharger with thrust bearing assembly

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to turbocharger, and relate more specifically to a kind of with the thrust with dynamic sealing The turbocharger of bearing assembly.

The explanation of the relevant technologies

It is known that a kind of turbocharger of engine for vehicles such as automobiles is provided.Automobile turbocharger is usual It include compressor impeller and turbine wheel on the public turbo-charger shaft by the bearing support in bear box.Turbocharging The turbine wheel of device extracts energy from the exhaust of engine, and extracted energy is passed to compressor impeller.Compression Machine impeller increases the density of the induced air for entering engine, this allows for a greater amount of fuel that burns under given air-fuel ratio.Knot Fruit, engine generate more power.

In typical turbocharger operation, the power on compressor impeller and turbine wheel is acted in the axial direction With different sizes, and axial force keeps the rotor of compressor impeller mobile against one of two sides of thrust bearing.The movement Reduce the gap in the load-side of thrust bearing and subsequent flowing, and increase unloaded side gap and subsequent stream It is dynamic.This directly opposes the target of thrust bearing so that fluid flow to load-side, and the flow and efficiency without wasting other arrive Unloaded region.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide it is a kind of with new thrust bearing assembly to reduce the oil flow rate and drag losses from unloaded side Turbocharger.It would also be desirable to provide a kind of thrust bearing assembly with the load capacity for increasing fluid flowing and load-side Turbocharger.Be further desirable to provide it is a kind of with dynamic sealing to help prevent due to excessive thrust bearing stream The turbocharger of the thrust bearing assembly of compressor side oil leak caused by body flows.Therefore, there is a need in the field to provide a kind of tools There is the turbocharger for the thrust bearing assembly for meeting at least one of these requirements.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of thrust bearing assembly for turbocharger, which includes: first Thrust sector is arranged on the turbo-charger shaft of turbocharger；Second thrust sector is arranged in turbo-charger shaft It is upper and axially spaced with the first thrust sector；And washer spacer, it is axially disposed on turbo-charger shaft and is situated between Between the first thrust sector and the second thrust sector.Thrust bearing assembly includes thrust bearing, is axially disposed at first Between thrust sector and the second thrust sector and surround washer spacer.Thrust bearing includes: first bearing surface, is used for The first gap is limited with the first thrust sector；The second bearing surface opposite with first bearing surface is used for and the second thrust Part limits the second gap；And sealing element, extend towards washer spacer to limit third space with washer spacer.It pushes away Power bearing has fluid channel, extends to washer spacer to provide fluid to the first gap and the second gap.Thrust bearing Cooperate with washer spacer and is subtracted when first bearing surface of the dynamic sealing to be applied to thrust bearing in thrust load with limiting The lubricant into second bearing surface flows less.

It is one advantage of the present invention that providing new thrust bearing assembly for the turbocharger with dynamic sealing. Yet another advantage of the present invention is that thrust bearing assembly reduces mechanical loss via lower fluid flow rate.Of the invention is again another One advantage, which is thrust bearing assembly, has higher load capacity since more fluids flow to carrier surface.Of the invention Another advantage is the risk that thrust bearing assembly reduces the leakage of compressor side fluid.

Because better understood when other mesh of the invention after reading according to the subsequent descriptions obtained in conjunction with attached drawing , feature and advantage, so other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent that.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of turbocharger according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of a part of the turbocharger of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the enlarged cross-sectional view of one embodiment of thrust bearing assembly according to the present invention, the thrust bearing assembly It shows in the part of the turbocharger of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the thrust bearing assembly of Fig. 2 according to the present invention and 3.

Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of the another embodiment of the thrust bearing assembly of Fig. 2 according to the present invention and 3.

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the another embodiment of the thrust bearing assembly of Fig. 2 according to the present invention and 3.

Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the thrust bearing assembly of Fig. 2 according to the present invention and 3.

Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of the another embodiment of the thrust bearing assembly of Fig. 2 according to the present invention and 3, which illustrate First operating position of thrust bearing assembly.

Fig. 9 is analogous to the view of Fig. 8, and which illustrate the second operating positions of thrust bearing assembly.

Specific embodiment

Referring now to the drawings, wherein unless otherwise stated, identical appended drawing reference is schemed for specifying identical structure Turbocharger 20 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown in 1.As illustrated in Figure 1, turbocharger 20 includes Usually with the shell of 22 instructions, the shell is with turbine shroud 24, axis or bear box 26 and compressor housing 28.Turbine Shell 26 has turbine exhaust entrance 30 to receive exhaust and turbine exhaust outlet 32 from internal combustion engine (not shown).Compressor There is shell 28 compressor environment air intake 34 to be given off with receiving surrounding air stream and compressor air as indicated by the arrows Mouth (not shown) is to deliver compressed air to internal combustion engine.Turbocharger 20 further include be arranged in it is usual in turbine shroud 24 The rotatable turbine wheel indicated with 36 and the rotatable compressor leaf usually indicated with 38 being arranged in compressor housing 28 Wheel.Turbocharger 20 further comprises rotatable turbo-charger shaft 40, is connected to turbine wheel 36 and compressor impeller It 38 and is supported by the bearing rotary in bear box 26.

With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, axis A extends turbo-charger shaft 40 along longitudinal direction.Turbine wheel 36 is fixed firmly to turbine increasing One end of depressor axis 40 becomes axis and vehicle wheel component, and compressor impeller 38 passes through the suitable mechanisms such as screw thread or nut connection It is connected to the other end of turbo-charger shaft 40.In the illustrated embodiment, turbocharger 20 includes bearing cap 41 and leads to The thrust bearing assembly of 42 table of Chang Shangyong instruction, the thrust bearing assembly are arranged in bear box 26 and in compressor impeller Axial positions between 38 and the compressor side bearing of journals 43 surround turbo-charger shaft 40.Thrust bearing assembly 42 is to turbine Booster shaft 40 provides axial support.It should be appreciated that in the U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0067472 of Day et al. The example of the turbocharger with thrust bearing assembly is disclosed in number, the complete disclosure of the patent is clear by reference Ground is incorporated herein.

With reference to Fig. 2 and 3, in one embodiment of turbocharger 20, thrust bearing assembly 42 includes ring oiler bushing 44, usually with the thrust washer sub-component and thrust bearing 48 of 46 instructions.Bear box lid 41 can be sealed to axis securely It holds on shell 26, and cooperates with ring oiler bushing 44 to seal the fluid from compressor impeller 38, it is such as oily, and prevent Compressed air leakage is into bear box 26.Ring oiler bushing 44 is surrounded by bear box lid 41, and in compressor impeller 38 Scheduled axial spacing is provided between thrust washer sub-component 46.Ring oiler bushing 44 is hollow cylinder, and which defines receivings The inner passage of turbo-charger shaft 40.Ring oiler bushing 44 for example by be clamped in the axial direction compressor impeller 38 with It is fixed on turbo-charger shaft 40 between thrust bearing assembly 42.In one embodiment, the first end of ring oiler bushing 44 The wheel hub of adjacent compressor impeller 38, and the adjacent thrust washer sub-component 46 of the opposite second end of ring oiler bushing 44.It should be bright White, the outer surface of second end includes the flange or arm 47 of radially outward protrusion, by fluid from around turbo-charger shaft It is discharged in 40 piston ring (not shown), thereby reduces fluid leakage.

The axial load of axis is transmitted to thrust bearing 48 by thrust washer sub-component 46.Thrust washer sub-component 46 includes the One thrust sector or washer 50, the second thrust sector or washer 52 and cylindrical collar spacer 54.First thrust washer 50, each of the second thrust washer 52 and thrust bearing 48 are arranged around turbo-charger shaft 40.Thrust bearing 48 divides It She Zhi not be between the first thrust washer 50 and the second thrust washer 52.In first thrust washer 50 and the second thrust washer 52 Each is thin, flat or plane plate, the peripheral edge 58 with central through hole 56 and restriction circular contour.Each push away The side of power washer 50,52 is defined to inner face 60, or " thrust face ", abuts washer spacer 54 and thrust bearing 48.Often A thrust washer 50,52 defines to the outside 62 with to the opposite other side of inner face 60.First thrust washer 50 is to the outside 62 adjacent ring oiler bushings 44, and the shoulder 64 of the 62 adjacent turbo-charger shafts 40 to the outside of the second thrust washer 52.Thrust Washer 50 and 52 is made of metal materials such as steel.

Washer spacer 54 is formed by metal materials such as steel, and has internal diameter, which is dimensioned so as to Turbo-charger shaft 40 is received with the smallest gap.Washer spacer 54 further includes end face 66,68 to axial.Washer spacer 54 are plugged between the first thrust washer 50 and the second thrust washer 52, and in the first thrust washer 50 and the second thrust Scheduled axially spaced-apart is kept between washer 52.Particularly, adjacent first thrust washer 50 of axial end face 66,68 and the second thrust Each of washer 52 it is corresponding to inner face 60.Therefore, because compressor impeller 38 is clamped on the shaft shoulder 64 and is generated Axial load be transmitted to corresponding thrust washer 50 and 52 from washer spacer 54.In one embodiment, washer spacer 54 can be individual washer spacer.In another embodiment, washer spacer 54 can with ring oiler bushing 54 or push away A part of power washer 52 or the two integrates.

In the illustrated embodiment, thrust washer sub-component 46 includes the first thrust washer 50, the second thrust washer 52 And washer spacer 54, they are formed separately, then the turbocharger in the manufacture of turbocharger 20 with above-mentioned configuration Axis 40 fits together.However, in other embodiments, before constructing turbocharger 20, the first thrust washer 50 and Two thrust washers 52 and washer spacer 54 are preassembled in above-mentioned thrust washer sub-component 46.First thrust washer is provided 50 and second thrust washer 52 and washer spacer 54 as prefabricated unit ensure in these components these each with It is properly oriented within assembling (for example, corresponding thrust face 60 is towards washer spacer 54).In addition, it is only necessary to using for example for by portion Part is maintained at any adhesive in pre-assembled configuration until thrust washer sub-component 46 has been assembled in one with turbocharger 20 It rises.Hereafter, rotor clamping loads will be such that thrust washer sub-component 46 is maintained in desired configuration.In other embodiments again, First thrust washer 50 and the second thrust washer 52 are respectively and washer spacer 54 is formed as single integral member, can be with A unit is assembled into the manufacturing time and turbo-charger shaft 40 of turbocharger 20.

Thrust bearing 48 is flat or the plate of plane, and including main body 70, which has towards the first thrust pad Enclose 50 the first supporting surface 72 and away from the first supporting surface 72 and towards the second supporting surface 74 of the second thrust washer 52. First supporting surface 72 and the cooperation of the first thrust washer 50 are to limit the first gap 76.Washer spacer 54 has exterior surface 77, and second bearing surface 74 and the cooperation of the second thrust washer 52 are to limit the second gap 78.Thrust bearing 48 defines stream Body channel 80, be used for respectively via the first gap 76 and the second gap 78 will the fluid conveyings such as oil to turbo-charger shaft 40 and first supporting surface 72 and the second supporting surface 74.In one embodiment, fluid channel 80 is radially and axially It is extended in main body 70 at a certain angle.Thrust bearing 48 further include radially extended from main body 70 towards washer spacer 54 it is close Sealing 82.Protrusions match on sealing element and washer spacer 54 is to limit third space 83.It should be appreciated that sealing element 82 The annular groove 84 in bottom by extending radially into thrust bearing 48 is formed, in the bottom of sealing element 82 and thrust bearing 48 Between limit different radial clearances.

Thrust bearing 48 is supported on the outer surface 77 of washer spacer 54.Thrust bearing 48 is static and keeps supporting By bear box 26.Thrust bearing 48 has anti-rotational feature (not shown).For example, thrust bearing 48 can be pinned to prevent It is rotated relative to bear box 26 and thrust washer sub-component 46.Thrust bearing 48 is respectively relative to the first thrust washer 50 and Two thrust washers 52 are biggish.It should be appreciated that turbo-charger shaft 40 axial load via respective thrust washer 50, 52 thrust face 60 is transferred to thrust bearing 48.

When thrust load is applied to the first bearing surface 72 of thrust bearing 48, thrust bearing assembly 42 further includes thrust Another component (such as the first thrust washer 50 and the second thrust washer 52 of the sealing element 82 of bearing 48 and turbocharger 20 One of or the bushing (not shown) or washer spacer 54 that are arranged in around turbo-charger shaft 40) between dynamic sealing Part.Apply thrust load to the first supporting surface 72 and reduces the third between the sealing element 82 of thrust bearing 48 and another component The distance in gap 83 or gap, so that fluid (such as oil) flows less easily through dynamic sealing.Specifically, dynamic sealing limit into The fluid flowing for entering the second gap 78, so that fluid, which is at least flow to as the second gap 78 with fluid, easily flow to first Gap 76.Thus, when thus reducing the first gap 76 on the first bearing surface 72 that thrust load is applied to thrust bearing 48 When width, dynamic sealing ensures that fluid still easily flow to the first gap 76.In one embodiment, the first gap 76 Greater than third space 83, and third space 83 is greater than the second gap 76.For example, the first gap 76 can be about 0.05 millimeter extremely About 0.08 millimeter, the second gap 78 can be about 0.005 millimeter to about 0.02 millimeter, and third space 83 can be greatly About 0.01 millimeter to 0.05 millimeter.It should be appreciated that the first gap 76 is typically larger than the second gap 78.

Turbocharger 20 includes the lubricating system (not shown) and bear box 26 for the turbocharger bearing of journals In thrust bearing assembly 42.In turbocharger 20 illustrated in fig. 1, thrust bearing 48 is also fluid dynamic or fluid The bearing of film type.In this configuration, fixed thrust bearing 48 from the fluids such as fluid channel (not shown) supply oil with Bearing 48 is supplied.Pass through the thrust washer of thrust washer 50 and the ring oiler bushing 44 rotated together with turbo-charger shaft 40 Against the relative motion on static thrust inclined-plane and pad, fluid is driven into wedge shape in region.Thrust bearing 48 controls rotary components Axial position.It should be appreciated that the turbocharger of the size of wheel for exemplary 76mm turbine, fluid is flowed with about 4200 Gram to 6200 gram/minutes rate provide.

In another embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, the outer surface 77 of washer spacer 54 can be relative to longitudinal axis Line A is axially extending, and the bottom surface 86 of thrust bearing 48 can on the load side adjacent with the second gap 78 have chamfering or Inclined surface 79.In another embodiment illustrated in fig. 5, the bottom surface 86 of washer spacer 54 can be relative to longitudinal axis Line A is axially extending, and the outer surface 77 of washer spacer 54 can be relative to longitudinal axis A at chamfering or inclination.The institute in Fig. 6 In another embodiment illustrated, the outer surface 77 of washer spacer 54 can be axially extending relative to longitudinal axis A, and thrust axis Chamfering or an inclined surface 79 can be had on the unloaded side adjacent with the first gap 76 by holding 48, and in thrust bearing spacer ring 54 or There are cooperation or parallel surfaces on ring oiler bushing 44.It should be appreciated that the embodiment of Fig. 4 to 6 is provided along spacer/push away The biasing chamfering of power bearing interface is for biasing the flowing of thrust bearing fluid.

With reference to Fig. 7, in another embodiment, thrust bearing assembly 42 eliminates the first washer 50.In this embodiment, it throws The arm 47 of oil ring bushing 44 is the first thrust sector, the first gap 76 is formed with thrust bearing 48, so that compressor axis of orientation The second gap 78 is closed to the first predetermined amount to thrust, such as 5 microns (0.005mm) and the first gap 76 is opened to second Predetermined amount, such as 65 microns (0.065mm).Third space 83 also will close third predetermined amount, such as 5 microns (0.005mm) forces more fluid to flow to the load thrust surface in the second gap 78.It should be appreciated that third space 83 Should be relatively small, such as radially Line To Line is close.It should also be appreciated that between ring oiler bushing 44 and thrust bearing 48 Non-sealing surface should be greater than the second predetermined amount.It should be further understood that ring oiler bushing 44 also forms washer interval Part rather than individual washer spacer 54.

With reference to Fig. 8 and 9, in another embodiment, thrust bearing assembly 42 eliminates the first washer 50.In the embodiment In, the arm 47 of ring oiler bushing 44 is the first thrust sector, forms the first gap 76 with thrust bearing 48.As described, One gap 76 has axial distance C2, and the second gap 78 has axial distance C1, and third space 83 has axial distance C3.? In the first operating position of Fig. 8, compressor direction thrust load 90 is applied to the axis that the first washer 52 reduces the second gap 78 To distance C1, the axial distance C2 in the first gap 76 is opened, and reduces the sealing element 82 and washer spacer of thrust bearing 48 The axial distance C3 of third space 83 between 54, so that fluid be made to be maintained on 54 top of washer spacer.For example, the axis of C1 It is less than the axial distance of C2 to distance, and the axial distance of C3 is less than the axial distance of C2 and is greater than the axial distance of C1.? In one embodiment, C2 can be about 0.05 millimeter to about 0.08 millimeter, and C1 can be about 0.005 millimeter to about 0.02 millimeter, and C3 can be about 0.01 millimeter to 0.05 millimeter.In the second operating position of Fig. 9, turbine direction is pushed away Power load 92 is applied to the axial distance C2 that ring oiler bushing 44 reduces the first gap 76, opens the axial distance in the second gap 78 C1, and open the axial distance C3 of third space 83.For example, the axial direction of the axial distance of the C3 axial distance greater than C1 and C2 Distance.It should be appreciated that gap 76,78 and 83 is slightly exaggerated in figs. 8 and 9.

Therefore, turbocharger 20 of the invention provides the thrust bearing assembly 42 with dynamic sealing, the dynamic Sealing element reduces mechanical loss associated with normal thrust bearing assembly.Compared with normal thrust bearing assembly, the present invention Turbocharger 20 there is thrust bearing assembly 42, with improved wearability, because load capacity increases.Of the invention Turbocharger 20 provides thrust bearing assembly 42, reduces the lubricant stream towards compressor piston annular seal (not shown) Thus amount reduces the risk for leaking into the compressor side of turbocharger 20.

The present invention is illustratively described.It should be appreciated that the term used is intended to have description Property word essence is and not restrictive.

In view of above-mentioned introduction, many modifications of the invention and variation are possible.Therefore, in scope of the appended claims Interior, the present invention can be practiced except mode in addition to the mode of specific descriptions.

Although the present invention is defined in appended claim it should be appreciated that the present invention can be with Alternatively limited according to following embodiment:

1. a kind of thrust bearing assembly for turbocharger comprising:

First thrust sector is arranged on the turbo-charger shaft of the turbocharger；

Second thrust sector, be arranged on the turbo-charger shaft and with the first thrust sector axially spaced-apart It opens；

Washer spacer, be axially disposed on the turbo-charger shaft between first thrust sector with it is described Between second thrust sector；And

Thrust bearing is axially disposed between first thrust sector and second thrust sector and surrounds The washer spacer, the thrust bearing include: first bearing surface, are used to limit first with first thrust sector Gap；The second bearing surface opposite with the first bearing surface is used to limit between second with second thrust sector Gap；And sealing element, extend towards the washer spacer to limit third space, the thrust with the washer spacer Bearing has fluid channel, and the fluid channel extends to the washer spacer between first gap and described second Gap provides fluid, wherein the thrust bearing and washer spacer cooperation are to limit dynamic sealing to apply in thrust load The lubricant flowing for entering the second bearing surface is reduced when being added to the first bearing surface of the thrust bearing.

2. according to thrust bearing assembly described in embodiment 1, wherein the first thrust sector is the first thrust washer and throws oily Any of lining papers set.

3. according to embodiment 1 or thrust bearing assembly as described in example 2, wherein the second thrust sector is the second thrust pad Circle.

4. the thrust bearing assembly according to any one of embodiment 1 to 3, middle washer spacer is individual washer Spacer and any of the washer spacer being integrated in ring oiler bushing.

5. the thrust bearing assembly according to any one of embodiment 1 to 4, wherein the first thrust washer and the second thrust Each of washer is mounted on the turbo-charger shaft, and including the first face and opposite with first face second Face.

6. the thrust bearing assembly according to any one of embodiment 1 to 5, middle washer spacer have first end and Second end, the first face of adjacent first thrust washer of the first end, the first face of adjacent second thrust washer of the second end.

7. the thrust bearing assembly according to any one of embodiment 1 to 6, the wherein radial direction of the bottom surface of thrust bearing Depth is less than the radial depth of the sealing element.

8. the thrust bearing assembly according to any one of embodiment 1 to 6, wherein thrust bearing exists on its bottom surface There is chamfering surface on the load side adjacent with second gap.

9. middle washer spacer has outer surface, the outer surface phase according to thrust bearing assembly described in embodiment 8 It is axially extending for the longitudinal axis of the turbo-charger shaft.

10. the thrust bearing assembly according to any one of embodiment 1 to 6, wherein thrust bearing has bottom surface, institute The longitudinal axis that bottom surface is stated relative to the turbo-charger shaft is axially extending.

11. middle washer spacer has outer surface, the outer surface according to thrust bearing assembly described in embodiment 10 The longitudinal axis relative to the turbo-charger shaft is axially extending at a certain angle.

12. the thrust bearing assembly according to any one of embodiment 1 to 6, wherein thrust bearing is on its bottom surface There is chamfering surface on the unloaded side adjacent with first gap.

13. middle washer spacer has outer surface, the outer surface according to thrust bearing assembly described in embodiment 12 Longitudinal axis relative to the turbo-charger shaft is axially extending, and the washer spacer include with thrust bearing fall The parallel chamfering surface of angle surface.

14. a kind of turbocharger comprising:

Turbine wheel is used to receive exhaust from internal combustion engine；

Turbo-charger shaft is connected to the turbine wheel and can be rotated by the turbine wheel, and the turbine increases Depressor axis extends along a longitudinal axis；

Compressor impeller is connected to the turbo-charger shaft and can be rotated by the turbo-charger shaft, is used for Compress the air to be delivered to the internal combustion engine；

Thrust bearing assembly, to provide axial support to the turbo-charger shaft on the turbo-charger shaft； And

The thrust bearing assembly includes the first thrust washer and the second thrust washer and thrust bearing, and described first pushes away Each of power washer and second thrust washer be mounted on the turbo-charger shaft and include: the first face and with The second opposite face of first face；Washer spacer is axially disposed on the turbo-charger shaft between described Between one thrust washer and second thrust washer, the washer spacer has the described of adjacent first thrust washer The first end in the first face and the second end opposite with the first end, the second end abut the described of second thrust washer First face；The thrust bearing axially is arranged between first thrust washer and second thrust washer and surrounds The washer spacer, the thrust bearing include: first bearing surface, are used for described with first thrust washer The first gap is limited on one side；The second bearing surface opposite with the first bearing surface is used for and second thrust pad First face of circle forms the second gap；And sealing element, towards the thrust bearing spacer extend with the pad It encloses spacer and limits third space, the thrust bearing has fluid channel, and the fluid channel extends to the washer interval Part is to provide fluid to first gap and second gap, wherein the thrust bearing and washer spacer cooperation Dynamic sealing is limited when the first bearing surface to be applied to the thrust bearing when thrust load enters institute to reduce State the lubricant flowing on second bearing surface.

15. wherein the radial depth of the bottom surface of thrust bearing is less than institute according to turbocharger described in embodiment 14 State the radial depth of sealing element.

16. wherein thrust bearing exists on its bottom surface according to turbocharger described in embodiment 14 or embodiment 15 There is chamfering surface on the load side adjacent with second gap, and washer spacer has relative to the turbocharger The axially extending outer surface of the longitudinal axis of axis.

17. the turbocharger according to any one of embodiment 14 to 16, wherein thrust bearing has relative to institute The axially extending bottom surface of the longitudinal axis of turbo-charger shaft is stated, and washer spacer has relative to the turbocharger The longitudinal axis of axis outer surface axially extending at a certain angle.

18. the turbocharger according to any one of embodiment 14 to 17, wherein thrust bearing is on its bottom surface There is chamfering surface on the unloaded side adjacent with first gap, and washer spacer has relative to the turbocharging The axially extending outer surface of the longitudinal axis of device axis and including the chamfering surface parallel with the chamfering surface of thrust bearing.

19. a kind of turbocharger comprising:

Turbine wheel is used to receive exhaust from internal combustion engine；

The thrust bearing assembly includes ring oiler bushing, and the ring oiler bushing, which has, to be arranged in the turbocharger Turbo-charger shaft on the first thrust sector；

The ring oiler bushing has washer spacer, is axially disposed on the turbo-charger shaft between described Between first thrust sector and second thrust sector；And

20. wherein the radial depth of the bottom surface of thrust bearing is less than institute according to turbocharger described in embodiment 19 State the radial depth of sealing element.

21. wherein thrust bearing exists on its bottom surface according to turbocharger described in embodiment 19 or embodiment 20 There is chamfering surface on the load side adjacent with second gap, and washer spacer has relative to the turbocharger The axially extending outer surface of the longitudinal axis of axis.

22. the turbocharger according to any one of embodiment 19 to 21, wherein thrust bearing has relative to institute The axially extending bottom surface of the longitudinal axis of turbo-charger shaft is stated, and washer spacer has relative to the turbocharger The longitudinal axis of axis outer surface axially extending at a certain angle.

23. the turbocharger according to any one of embodiment 19 to 22, wherein thrust bearing is on its bottom surface There is chamfering surface on the unloaded side adjacent with first gap, and washer spacer has relative to the turbocharging The axially extending outer surface of the longitudinal axis of device axis and including the chamfering surface parallel with the chamfering surface of thrust bearing.

Claims

1. a kind of thrust bearing assembly for turbocharger comprising:

Second thrust sector is arranged on the turbo-charger shaft and axially spaced with first thrust sector；

Washer spacer is axially disposed on the turbo-charger shaft between first thrust sector and described second Between thrust sector；And

Thrust bearing is axially disposed between first thrust sector and second thrust sector and around described Washer spacer, the thrust bearing include: first bearing surface, are used to limit between first with first thrust sector Gap；The second bearing surface opposite with the first bearing surface is used to limit the second gap with second thrust sector； And sealing element, extend towards the washer spacer to limit third space, the thrust axis with the washer spacer It holds with fluid channel, the fluid channel extends to the washer spacer with to first gap and second gap Fluid is provided, wherein the thrust bearing and washer spacer cooperation are to limit dynamic sealing to apply in thrust load It is reduced when to the first bearing surface of the thrust bearing and enters the lubricant on the second bearing surface and flow.

2. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 1, wherein first thrust sector is the first thrust washer and throwing Any of oil ring bushing.

3. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 2, wherein second thrust sector is the second thrust washer.

4. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 3, wherein the washer spacer be individual washer spacer and Any of the washer spacer being integrated in the ring oiler bushing.

5. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 4, wherein first thrust washer and second thrust washer Each of be mounted on the turbo-charger shaft, and including the first face and second face opposite with first face.

6. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 5, wherein the washer spacer has a first end and a second end, institute First face that first end abuts first thrust washer is stated, the second end abuts the described of second thrust washer First face.

7. according to claim 1 to thrust bearing assembly described in any one of 6, wherein the diameter of the bottom surface of the thrust bearing It is less than the radial depth of the sealing element to depth.

8. according to claim 1 to thrust bearing assembly described in any one of 6, wherein the thrust bearing is on its bottom surface There is chamfering surface on the load side adjacent with second gap.

9. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 8, wherein the washer spacer has outer surface, the outer surface Longitudinal axis relative to the turbo-charger shaft is axially extending.

10. according to claim 1 to thrust bearing assembly described in any one of 6, wherein the thrust bearing has bottom surface, The bottom surface is axially extending relative to the longitudinal axis of the turbo-charger shaft.

11. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 10, wherein the washer spacer has outer surface, the appearance Face is axially extending at a certain angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the turbo-charger shaft.

12. according to claim 1 to thrust bearing assembly described in any one of 6, wherein the thrust bearing is in its bottom surface On on the unloaded side adjacent with first gap have chamfering surface.

13. thrust bearing assembly according to claim 12, wherein the washer spacer has outer surface, the appearance Face is axially extending relative to the longitudinal axis of the turbo-charger shaft, and the washer spacer includes and the thrust axis The parallel chamfering surface of the chamfering surface held.

14. a kind of turbocharger comprising:

Turbine wheel is used to receive exhaust from internal combustion engine；

Turbo-charger shaft is connected to the turbine wheel and can be rotated by the turbine wheel, the turbocharger Axis extends along a longitudinal axis；

Compressor impeller is connected to the turbo-charger shaft and can be rotated by the turbo-charger shaft, for compressing To be delivered to the air of the internal combustion engine；

Thrust bearing assembly, to provide axial support to the turbo-charger shaft on the turbo-charger shaft；And

The thrust bearing assembly includes the first thrust washer and the second thrust washer and thrust bearing, first thrust pad Circle and each of second thrust washer be mounted on the turbo-charger shaft and include: the first face and with it is described The second opposite face of first face；Washer spacer is axially disposed on the turbo-charger shaft and pushes away between described first Between power washer and second thrust washer, the washer spacer has described the first of adjacent first thrust washer The first end in face and the second end opposite with the first end, described the first of adjacent second thrust washer of the second end Face；The thrust bearing axially is arranged between first thrust washer and second thrust washer and around described Washer spacer, the thrust bearing include: first bearing surface, are used for first face with first thrust washer Limit the first gap；The second bearing surface opposite with the first bearing surface is used for and second thrust washer First face forms the second gap；And sealing element, extend between the washer towards the thrust bearing spacer Spacing body limit third space, the thrust bearing have fluid channel, the fluid channel extend to the washer spacer with Fluid is provided to first gap and second gap, wherein the thrust bearing and washer spacer cooperation are to work as Dynamic sealing is limited when thrust load is applied to the first bearing surface of the thrust bearing to reduce into described the The lubricant of two bearing surfaces flows.

15. turbocharger according to claim 14, wherein the radial depth of the bottom surface of the thrust bearing is less than The radial depth of the sealing element.

16. according to claim 14 or claim 15 described in turbocharger, wherein the thrust bearing is in its bottom surface On on the load side adjacent with second gap have chamfering surface, and the washer spacer have relative to the whirlpool Take turns the axially extending outer surface of the longitudinal axis of booster shaft.

17. according to claim 14 or claim 15 described in turbocharger, wherein the thrust bearing have relative to The axially extending bottom surface of the longitudinal axis of the turbo-charger shaft, and the washer spacer has relative to the turbine The longitudinal axis of booster shaft outer surface axially extending at a certain angle.

18. according to claim 14 or claim 15 described in turbocharger, wherein the thrust bearing is in its bottom surface On on the unloaded side adjacent with first gap have chamfering surface, and the washer spacer have relative to the whirlpool Take turns the axially extending outer surface of longitudinal axis of booster shaft and including parallel with the chamfering surface of the thrust bearing Chamfering surface.

19. a kind of turbocharger comprising:

Turbine wheel is used to receive exhaust from internal combustion engine；

The thrust bearing assembly includes ring oiler bushing, and the ring oiler bushing has the whirlpool that the turbocharger is arranged in Take turns the first thrust sector on booster shaft；

The ring oiler bushing has washer spacer, is axially disposed on the turbo-charger shaft between described first Between thrust sector and second thrust sector；And

20. turbocharger according to claim 19, wherein the radial depth of the bottom surface of the thrust bearing is less than The radial depth of the sealing element.

21. according to claim 19 or claim 20 described in turbocharger, wherein the thrust bearing is in its bottom surface On on the load side adjacent with second gap have chamfering surface, and the washer spacer have relative to the whirlpool Take turns the axially extending outer surface of the longitudinal axis of booster shaft.

22. according to claim 19 or claim 20 described in turbocharger, wherein the thrust bearing have relative to The axially extending bottom surface of the longitudinal axis of the turbo-charger shaft, and the washer spacer has relative to the turbine The longitudinal axis of booster shaft outer surface axially extending at a certain angle.

23. according to claim 19 or claim 20 described in turbocharger, wherein the thrust bearing is in its bottom surface On on the unloaded side adjacent with first gap have chamfering surface, and the washer spacer have relative to the whirlpool Take turns the axially extending outer surface of longitudinal axis of booster shaft and including parallel with the chamfering surface of the thrust bearing Chamfering surface.