CN109651953A - 一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109651953A
CN109651953A CN201811616907.5A CN201811616907A CN109651953A CN 109651953 A CN109651953 A CN 109651953A CN 201811616907 A CN201811616907 A CN 201811616907A CN 109651953 A CN109651953 A CN 109651953A
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朱红军
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Suzhou Hao Na New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料的制备方法，由以下原料按重量份制成：去离子水20‑60份；有机溶剂30‑50份；阻燃剂0.5‑10份；纳米有机硅烷2‑10份；增粘剂2‑20份；带有环氧基团或非饱和硅烷偶联剂0.5‑5份；催化剂0.01‑0.3份；所述阻燃剂为三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、磷酸三苯酯、甘露醇、淀粉混合物，或聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、淀粉、硼酸胺混合物，或硼酸锌、磷酸锌、钼酸铵混合物。本发明提供的具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，可应用到织物、家具、建材等领域，疏水结构可以起到防潮、防水、防尘、抗菌的效果，同时加入环保的阻燃成分，使得该涂层具有优异的阻燃的效果。

Description

一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料的制备方法。
背景技术
超疏水涂料可以应用到织物、家具、建材等领域，具有防潮、防水、防尘、抗菌的效果。但是通常这些领域都与人的生活息息相关，一旦发生火灾，迫切需要一种既具有阻燃性能，又具有超疏水的涂层材料，来降低火灾对人们生命和财产的危害。但是，在超疏水涂料中增加阻燃剂是非常困难的，一方面，阻燃剂的存在会破坏超疏水材料的纳微结构，从而降低疏水效果，另一方面，传统卤系的阻燃剂在火灾时会释放剧毒气体，进一步威胁人畜的生命安全。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供一种具有阻燃效果的环保超疏水涂料，具体的技术方案为：
一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，由以下原料按重量份制成：
去离子水20-60份；
有机溶剂30-50份；
阻燃剂0.5-10份；
纳米有机硅烷2-10份；
增粘剂2-20份；
带有环氧基团或非饱和硅烷偶联剂0.5-5份；
催化剂0.01-0.3份；
所述阻燃剂为以下三种混合物中的一种：
(1)三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐：磷酸三苯酯：甘露醇：淀粉按照质量比20～25：10：1：2～5的比例制成的混合物；
(2)聚磷酸铵：三聚氰胺：淀粉：硼酸胺按照质量比20～25：10：1：1～3的比例制成的混合物
(3)硼酸锌：磷酸锌：钼酸铵按照质量比5：1～5：1～3比例制成的混合物，所述硼酸锌为2ZnO·3B2O2·3.5H2O。
其中，所述纳米有机硅烷为含有甲基、乙基或长链烷基的硅烷。
所述增粘剂为以下一种或多种组合：聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、环氧双酚A树脂。
所述带有环氧基团或非饱和硅烷偶联剂为以下一种或多种组合：γ—(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧乙氧基)硅烷。
所述有机溶剂为选自下述组分中的一种或多种组合：甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、丁烷、己烷。
所述催化剂为以下一种或多种组合二甲亚锡、甲苯磺酸-二丁基氧化锡、Pt-N(C2H5)3、辛酸亚锡。
该具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将纳米有机硅烷加入离子水和有机溶剂的混合溶液中，采用超声30-60min或锆珠搅拌4-15小时；
(2)升温至45-55℃，依次加入增粘剂和阻燃剂，搅拌至溶解或均匀分散；
(3)加入催化剂和带有环氧基团或非饱和硅烷偶联剂，反应4小时后，升温至85℃，反应24小时即可得到超疏水纳米涂层溶液。
该具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料的粒径大小为5-500nm，固含量0.1-40％，水接触角120～165°。将环保阻燃的超疏水涂料通过粉刷、喷涂、浸涂等方式加载到使用器具的表面，室温下静置24小时以上或加温至60～100℃，烘干2～4小时即得到环保阻燃的超疏水涂层。
本发明提供的具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，可应用到织物、家具、建材等领域，疏水结构可以起到防潮、防水、防尘、抗菌的效果，同时加入环保的阻燃成分，使得涂层具有优异的阻燃的效果。
具体实施方式
结合实施例说明本发明的具体技术方案。
实施例1
将2g纳米甲基二甲氧基硅烷加入80g混合溶剂中，混合溶剂为水：乙醇＝6：4组成，超声60min，升温至45-55℃，加入3g增粘剂聚乙烯醇，然后加入5g阻燃剂，阻燃剂为三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐：磷酸三苯酯：甘露醇：淀粉按照20：10：1：5的比例制备的混合物，搅拌至溶解或均匀分散。加入0.01g催化剂二甲亚锡、3g硅烷偶联剂乙烯基三(β-甲氧乙氧基)硅烷，反应4小时后，升温至85℃，反应24小时，得到粒径大小50-200nm，固含量13％具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料。
将该涂料粉刷至厚度为5mm的木板表面，加温至60℃，烘干4小时。
实施例2
将2g纳米甲基二甲氧基硅烷加入80g混合溶剂中，混合溶剂为水：乙醇＝6：4组成，超声60min，升温至45-55℃，加入5g增粘剂聚乙烯醇，然后加入5g阻燃剂，阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵：三聚氰胺：淀粉：硼酸胺按照25：10：1：1的比例制备的混合物，搅拌至溶解或均匀分散。加入0.01g催化剂二甲亚锡、3g硅烷偶联剂γ—(2，3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷，反应4小时后，升温至85℃，反应24小时，得到粒径大小50-200nm，固含量16％具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料。
将该涂料粉刷至厚度为5mm的木板表面，加温至60℃，烘干4小时。
实施例3
将2g纳米三氟丙基三乙氧基硅烷加入80g混合溶剂中，混合溶剂为水：乙醇＝6：4组成，超声60min，升温至45-55℃，加入5g增粘剂聚乙烯醇，然后加入5g阻燃剂，阻燃剂为硼酸锌：磷酸锌：钼酸铵按照5：5：3比例制备的混合物，搅拌至溶解或均匀分散。加入0.01g催化剂二甲亚锡、3g硅烷偶联剂γ—(2，3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷，反应4小时后，升温至85℃，反应24小时，得到粒径大小50-200nm，固含量16％具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料。
将该涂料粉刷至厚度为5mm的木板表面，加温至60℃，烘干4小时。
对比例
未处理的厚度为5mm的木板，不施加任何涂层。
采用晟鼎SDC-350接触角测试仪测试表面水接触角，采用极限氧指数(LOI)仪测试氧指数，采用垂直燃烧试验仪测试阻燃等级。
表1检测结果
表面接触角(°) 极限氧指数(LOI) 阻燃等级
对比例 85 21 B3
实施例1 133 28 B2
实施例2 133 27 B2
实施例3 163 31 B1
由表1可以看出，3个实施例表面水接触角明显高于对比例，可以起到防潮、防污、防菌效果，另外，极限氧指数由21提升至27以上，阻燃等级也由B3易燃等级提升至B2或B1难燃等级,起到了阻燃的效果。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，其特征在于，由以下原料按重量份制成：
去离子水20-60份；
有机溶剂30-50份；
阻燃剂0.5-10份；
纳米有机硅烷2-10份；
增粘剂2-20份；
带有环氧基团或非饱和硅烷偶联剂0.5-5份；
催化剂0.01-0.3份；
所述阻燃剂为以下三种混合物中的一种：
(1)三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐：磷酸三苯酯：甘露醇：淀粉按照质量比20～25：10：1：2～5的比例制成的混合物；
(2)聚磷酸铵：三聚氰胺：淀粉：硼酸胺按照质量比20～25：10：1：1～3的比例制成的混合物
(3)硼酸锌：磷酸锌：钼酸铵按照质量比5：1～5：1～3比例制成的混合物，所述硼酸锌为2ZnO·3B2O2·3.5H2O。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，其特征在于，所述纳米有机硅烷为含有甲基、乙基或长链烷基的硅烷。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，其特征在于，所述增粘剂为以下一种或多种组合：聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、环氧双酚A树脂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，其特征在于，所述带有环氧基团或非饱和硅烷偶联剂为以下一种或多种组合：γ—(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧乙氧基)硅烷。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，其特征在于，所述有机溶剂为选自下述组分中的一种或多种组合：甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、丁烷、己烷。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料，其特征在于，所述催化剂为以下一种或多种组合二甲亚锡、甲苯磺酸-二丁基氧化锡、Pt-N(C2H5)3、辛酸亚锡。
7.根据权利要求1到6任一项所述的一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将纳米有机硅烷加入离子水和有机溶剂的混合溶液中，采用超声30-60min或锆珠搅拌4-15小时；
(2)升温至45-55℃，依次加入增粘剂和阻燃剂，搅拌至溶解或均匀分散；
(3)加入催化剂和带有环氧基团或非饱和硅烷偶联剂，反应4小时后，升温至85℃，反应24小时即可得到超疏水纳米涂层溶液。
CN201811616907.5A 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 一种具有阻燃效果的超疏水涂料及其制备方法 Pending CN109651953A (zh)

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CN111793407A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-20 珠海钛然科技有限公司 一种具有优异性能的超疏水阻燃涂层的制备方法

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