CN109651668B - Underwater sound absorption rubber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Underwater sound absorption rubber composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater sound absorption rubber composite material which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: nitrile butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, hindered phenol damping agent, fiber or tube rod filler, porous silicate filler, carbon black, softening agent, anti-aging agent, stabilizing agent, vulcanization activator, vulcanizing agent and vulcanization auxiliary agent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material. According to the invention, the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber are used together, the hindered phenol damping agent is added, the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber can be coupled with each other at the same time, and the average sound absorption coefficient of the prepared underwater sound absorption rubber composite material is more than 90% in the common 20kHz through the multiple dissipation effect of the expanded perlite/lignocellulose or carbon nano tubes, so that the problem of insufficient sound absorption coefficient in the prior art at low frequency is solved, and the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material has good physical and mechanical properties, is simple and easy to obtain, and has low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an underwater sound absorption material, and particularly relates to an underwater sound absorption rubber composite material with high sound absorption coefficient and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The underwater sound rubber plays an important role in the transmission of sound waves in water, can eliminate the reflection of sound, reduce noise, keep the transmission of the sound waves undistorted and avoid the interference of various underwater noises. According to the function of rubber in underwater sound engineering, the rubber can be divided into three types of sound absorption rubber, sound transmission rubber and anti-sound rubber. As an underwater sound absorbing material, two conditions must be satisfied: (1) the characteristic acoustic impedance of the material is matched with the characteristic acoustic impedance of the medium water, so that the sound wave can enter a sound absorption system without reflection; (2) the material has high internal consumption, so that the incoming sound wave is quickly lost and attenuated in the material.
However, the existing rubber composite material has low sound absorption coefficient under low frequency, particularly the average sound absorption coefficient below 20kHz is generally lower than 90%, and the use requirements of various underwater acoustic rubber products such as a silencing pool, a diving instrument surface covering layer and the like are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the background technology and provides a broadband underwater sound absorption rubber composite material with high sound absorption coefficient and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an underwater sound absorption rubber composite material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
in the above rubber composite material, preferably, the raw material further includes a scorch retarder in an amount of not more than 2 parts by mass and/or a flow dispersant in an amount of not more than 2 parts by mass.
Preferably, the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber in the rubber composite material has an acrylonitrile content of 28-41%. The hydrogen bond network constructed by adopting the low propylene content has a weak effect, the acoustic damping effect on a wide frequency band is not large, and the density, the elastic modulus and the like of the rubber matrix are large when the acrylonitrile content is high, so that the rubber matrix is not matched with the underwater acoustic impedance, and the sound absorption performance is reduced on the contrary.
In the above rubber composite material, preferably, the hindered phenol-based damping agent is one or a mixture of two of hindered phenol 3, 9-bis (1, 1-dimethyl-2 [ β - (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-tolyl) propionyloxyethyl-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxaspiro (5, 5) -undecane (AO-80) and tetrakis [ β - (3 ', 5 ' -di-tert-butyl-4 ' -hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester (AO-60).
In the rubber composite material, preferably, the fiber filler is a lignocellulose or aramid chopped fiber; the tubular rod-shaped material is a single-layer or multi-layer carbon nano tube; the silicate filler is expanded perlite powder, and the particle size is 60-150 microns. The amount of the fiber or tube-rod-shaped filler is not too large, otherwise the filler forms a continuous phase, and sound waves are easy to penetrate to cause the sound absorption performance of the composite material to be reduced. The expanded perlite micro-beads have a plurality of functions of interface refraction, surface reflection and inner wall multiple reflection on sound waves, and have better sound attenuation function than the common layered fillers which only depend on the interface refraction and the surface reflection, such as vermiculite powder, montmorillonite, mica powder, mica and the like. Wood fiber, aramid chopped fiber and carbon nano tube are used as fillers, so that the vulcanized rubber density is hardly increased, and the sound matching property is good; and the damping material has the effects of interface reflection, diffraction and the like on sound waves, can convert underwater sound waves from longitudinal waves to transverse waves, has higher dissipation efficiency of the transverse waves in a damping medium, and can realize the efficient absorption of the rubber matrix on the sound waves. In the above rubber composite material, preferably, the softening agent is any one of naphthenic oil and ester plasticizer; the ester plasticizer comprises any one or more of dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl sebacate (DOS), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), and di (butoxyethoxyethyl) adipate (TP-95).
In the rubber composite material, the carbon black is preferably a reinforcing carbon black with a fine particle size, and specifically may be super wear-resistant carbon black (such as N110), medium super wear-resistant carbon black (such as N220, N234), high wear-resistant carbon black (such as N330), and the like.
In the rubber composite material, the antioxidant is preferably two or more of 2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline (RD), N-isopropyl-N' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (1010NA), Octylated Diphenylamine (ODA), and microcrystalline wax.
Preferably, the vulcanizing agent is one or more of zinc oxide and sulfur; the vulcanization auxiliary agent is selected from more than two of 2-thioimidazoline (NA-22), dibenzothiazyl Disulfide (DM), N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfonamide (CZ), N-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfonamide (NOBS), bis (dimethylthiocarbamoyl) dual-fluid (TMTD) and bis (dibutylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide (TBTD).
In the rubber composite material, preferably, the stabilizer is magnesium oxide; the vulcanization activator is stearic acid; the scorch retarder is N-Cyclohexyl Thiophthalimide (CTP); the flowing dispersant is a high molecular fatty acid salt compound, such as WB212, rhinestone powder 25, rhinestone powder 42 and the like.
As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above underwater sound absorption rubber composite, comprising the steps of:
(1) putting nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, hindered phenol damping agent, fiber or tube rod-shaped filler, silicate filler, carbon black, softening agent, anti-aging agent, stabilizer, vulcanization activator and flow dispersant into an internal mixer, and mixing for 5-8 minutes at 130-150 ℃;
(2) passing the mixture obtained in the step (1) on an open mill for several times until brown yellow lignocellulose or light yellow aramid chopped fibers cannot be seen;
(3) putting the mixture after thin passing into an internal mixer again, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanizing assistant and an anti-scorching agent at the temperature of below 90 ℃, mixing for 1-2 minutes, discharging, blanking, cooling and standing to obtain rubber compound;
(4) and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at high temperature to obtain the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material.
In the preparation method, preferably, the vulcanization temperature is 120-150 ℃, the vulcanization time is 20-50 minutes, and the vulcanization pressure is not less than 10 MPa.
The underwater sound absorption rubber is prepared by adding hindered phenol antioxidants into the nitrile rubber, and strong intermolecular acting force generated by the hindered phenol hydroxyl groups and cyano groups formed by the nitrile rubber and hindered phenol hydrogen bonds are utilized to continuously dissociate and compositely increase the internal consumption of the material in the vibration process, so that the internal consumption of sound waves is increased. However, the applicant of the invention finds that phenolic hydroxyl of the hindered phenol damping agent can be coupled with lone pair electrons of chlorine atoms on the side group of the chloroprene rubber in practical research and application, so that the loss of the chloroprene rubber is increased, and the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber are used together to prepare a wide-temperature-range, wide-frequency and high-damping rubber material. Therefore, the invention can prepare the rubber composite material with wide temperature range and wide frequency and more excellent sound absorption coefficient by utilizing the different glass transition temperatures of the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber and the interaction force formed between the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber and the hindered phenol antioxidant; meanwhile, the expanded perlite powder is selected as the raw material, so that the material has lower density than the layered silicate, has good physical and mechanical properties compared with reinforced rubber, has a large number of hollow or porous structures, and can be transmitted, refracted and the like when meeting the hollow or porous structures in the sound wave transmission process, so that the loss of sound in the material can be improved to a greater extent; selecting lignocellulose and aramid chopped fibers as raw materials, wherein the lignocellulose and the aramid chopped fibers have microporous microfine fibrous or flocculent structures, and have certain reinforcement effect on nitrile rubber and chloroprene rubber when a proper amount of the reinforcing agent is added, and the density of a rubber matrix is hardly increased; the carbon nanotube has a single-layer or multi-layer tubular rod-like structure and a bulk density of only 0.3g/cm3When the fiber or carbon nanotube materials are filled with rubber, the fiber or carbon nanotube materials are easily matched with water, a large number of two-phase interfaces can be formed with a rubber substrate, and when sound waves meet the interfaces, refraction, reflection, diffraction and other phenomena can be generated inevitably, and meanwhile, underwater sound waves can be converted from longitudinal waves to transverse waves, so that the loss of the sound waves is increased; the invention adopts porous expanded perlite powder andthe fiber or tube-rod-shaped filler is compounded, so that the low-frequency sound absorption coefficient of the rubber matrix can be greatly improved, and the broadband underwater sound absorption rubber composite material with excellent performance is prepared.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber are used together, and the hindered phenol damping agent is added, so that the nitrile rubber and the chloroprene rubber can be coupled with each other at the same time, and a broadband, wide temperature range and high damping rubber compound between 2 kHz and 50kHz is prepared, and compared with a nitrile rubber base or a butyl rubber base, the nitrile rubber base or the butyl rubber base has better damping performance, so that the sound absorption coefficient is improved from a base body; meanwhile, the expanded perlite microspheres have better sound absorption function than vermiculite powder, montmorillonite, mica powder, mica and the like, and the addition of the fiber or tube-rod-shaped filler further improves the sound absorption coefficient of the rubber matrix.
(2) According to the invention, the lignocellulose, the aramid chopped fiber, the carbon nano tube and the hollow expanded silicate powder are applied to the underwater sound absorption rubber material for the first time, and the rubber composite material with excellent sound absorption performance is prepared by a compounding technology.
(3) The rubber composite material prepared by adopting the rubber with wide frequency, wide temperature range and high damping has the sound absorption coefficient of more than 99 percent at the high frequency of more than 20Hz through the multiple dissipation effect of the expanded perlite/lignocellulose or the carbon nano tube, and the problem that the sound absorption coefficient of the existing rubber composite material, particularly the sound absorption coefficient of the naval vessel commonly used below the low frequency of 20kHz, is generally low is solved.
(4) The underwater sound absorption rubber composite material has the average sound absorption coefficient of more than 90 percent in the commonly used 20kHz, overcomes the problem of insufficient sound absorption coefficient at low frequency in the prior art, has good physical and mechanical properties, and has simple and easily obtained materials and lower cost.
The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, convenience in operation, simple and easily-obtained raw materials and easiness in implementation of engineering application.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
The density of the vulcanized rubber in the following examples was tested according to the test method of GB/T533-2008; the hardness of the vulcanized rubber is tested according to the test method of GB/T531-2008; the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the vulcanized rubber are tested according to the test method of GB/T531-2008; the damping factor of the sound absorption rubber material is tested according to a test method of HB 7655-1999; the average sound absorption coefficient of 2-30 kHz is carried out according to the test method of GB/T14369-1993, and the sample size is as follows: phi 56 is 30mm, and the interior is a resonant acoustic structure.
The underwater sound absorption rubber composite of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was prepared as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 raw material Table for each of the examples and comparative example rubber composites
Example 1:
the preparation method of the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the table 1, putting nitrile rubber (the content of acrylonitrile is 28%), chloroprene rubber, stearic acid, magnesium oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, expanded perlite powder (80 meshes), lignocellulose, DOS and flowing dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃, and the mixing time is 5 minutes; then, blanking on an open mill, performing thin passing for about 5 times by using the open mill with the roller spacing of 1mm until brown yellow fibers which can be observed by naked eyes disappear, then putting the rubber compound into an internal mixer, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanizing assistant and an anti-scorching agent, mixing for 2min at the temperature of below 90 ℃, discharging, blanking, cooling, standing for 16h, and obtaining the rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at a high temperature of 140 ℃ for 30 minutes under the vulcanization pressure of not less than 12MPa to obtain the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material.
The prepared underwater sound absorption rubber composite material is tested according to the standard, and the measurement result is shown in table 2.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the table 1, putting nitrile rubber (acrylonitrile content is 41%), chloroprene rubber, stearic acid, magnesium oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, expanded perlite powder (80 meshes), lignocellulose, DOS and flowing dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃ and the mixing time is 5 minutes; then, blanking on an open mill, performing thin passing for about 5 times by using the open mill with the roller spacing of 1mm until brown yellow fibers observed by naked eyes disappear, then putting the rubber compound into an internal mixer, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanizing assistant and an anti-scorching agent CTP, mixing for 2min at the temperature of below 90 ℃, discharging, blanking, cooling, standing for 16h, and obtaining the rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at a high temperature of 140 ℃, for 30 minutes and under the vulcanization pressure of 12MPa to obtain the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material.
The prepared underwater sound absorption rubber composite material is tested according to the standard, and the measurement result is shown in table 2.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the table 1, putting nitrile rubber (acrylonitrile content is 41%), chloroprene rubber 70 parts, stearic acid, magnesium oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, expanded perlite powder (150 meshes), lignocellulose, DOS and flowing dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃ and the mixing time is 5 minutes; then, blanking on an open mill, performing thin passing for about 5 times by using the open mill with the roller spacing of 1mm until brown yellow fibers observable by naked eyes disappear, then putting the rubber compound into an internal mixer, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanizing assistant and an anti-scorching agent CTP, mixing for 2min at the temperature of below 90 ℃, discharging, blanking, cooling, standing for 16h, and obtaining the rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at a high temperature of 140 ℃, for 30 minutes and under the vulcanization pressure of 12MPa to obtain the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material.
The prepared underwater sound absorption rubber composite material is tested according to the standard, and the measurement result is shown in table 2.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the table 1, putting nitrile rubber (acrylonitrile content is 41%), chloroprene rubber, stearic acid, magnesium oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, expanded perlite powder (80 meshes), carbon nano tube, DOS and flowing dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃ and the mixing time is 5 minutes; reducing the temperature of the rubber material in the internal mixer to below 90 ℃, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanizing assistant and an anti-scorching agent CTP, mixing for 2min, discharging, cooling, standing for 16h, and obtaining rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at a high temperature of 140 ℃, for 30 minutes and under the vulcanization pressure of 12MPa to obtain the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material.
The prepared underwater sound absorption rubber composite material is tested according to the standard, and the measurement result is shown in Table 2
Comparative example 1:
the preparation method of the rubber composite material of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the table 1, putting nitrile rubber (acrylonitrile content is 41%), chloroprene rubber 70 parts, stearic acid, magnesium oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, expanded perlite powder (80 meshes), DOS and flowing dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃, and the mixing time is 5 minutes; reducing the temperature of the rubber material in the internal mixer to below 90 ℃, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanizing assistant and an anti-scorching agent CTP, and mixing for 2min at the temperature below 90 ℃ to obtain rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at high temperature, wherein the vulcanization temperature is 140 ℃, the vulcanization time is 30 minutes, and the vulcanization pressure is 12MPa, so that the rubber composite material is obtained.
The rubber composite material obtained was tested in accordance with the above-mentioned standards, and the results of the measurements are shown in Table 2
Comparative example 2:
the preparation method of the rubber composite material of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to table 1, putting nitrile rubber (41% of acrylonitrile content), stearic acid, zinc oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, expanded perlite powder (80 meshes), lignocellulose, DOS and flow dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃, and the mixing time is 5 minutes; then, blanking on an open mill, carrying out thin passing for about 5 times by using the open mill with the roller spacing of 1mm until brown yellow fibers observed by naked eyes disappear, then putting the rubber compound into an internal mixer, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization aid and an anti-scorching agent CTP, and mixing for 2min at the temperature of below 90 ℃ to obtain the rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at high temperature, wherein the vulcanization temperature is 140 ℃, the vulcanization time is 30 minutes, and the vulcanization pressure is 12MPa, so that the rubber composite material is obtained.
The rubber composite material obtained was tested in accordance with the above-mentioned standards, and the results of the measurements are shown in Table 2
Comparative example 3:
the preparation method of the rubber composite material of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the table 1, putting nitrile rubber (acrylonitrile content is 41%), chloroprene rubber, stearic acid, magnesium oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, vermiculite powder (200 meshes), lignocellulose, carbon nano tubes, DOS and flowing dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃ and the mixing time is 5 minutes; then, blanking on an open mill, carrying out thin passing for about 5 times by using the open mill with the roller spacing of 1mm until brown yellow fibers observed by naked eyes disappear, then putting the rubber compound into an internal mixer, adding a vulcanizing agent, an accelerator and an anti-scorching agent CTP, and mixing for 2min at the temperature of below 90 ℃ to obtain the rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at high temperature, wherein the vulcanization temperature is 140 ℃, the vulcanization time is 30 minutes, and the vulcanization pressure is 12MPa, so that the rubber composite material is obtained.
The rubber composite material obtained was tested in accordance with the above-mentioned standards, and the results of the measurements are shown in Table 2
Comparative example 4:
preparing raw materials according to the table 1, putting nitrile rubber (acrylonitrile content is 41%), chloroprene rubber, stearic acid, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, hindered phenol damping agent A0-80, carbon black, vermiculite powder (200 meshes), lignocellulose, DOS and flowing dispersant WB212 into an internal mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 140 ℃ and the mixing time is 5 minutes; then, blanking on an open mill, carrying out thin passing for about 5 times by using the open mill with the roller spacing of 1mm until brown yellow fibers observed by naked eyes disappear, then putting the rubber compound into an internal mixer, adding a vulcanizing agent, an accelerator and an anti-scorching agent CTP, and mixing for 2min at the temperature of below 90 ℃ to obtain the rubber compound; and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at high temperature, wherein the vulcanization temperature is 120-150 ℃, the vulcanization time is 10-30 minutes, and the vulcanization pressure is not less than 10MPa, so that the rubber composite material is obtained.
The rubber composite material obtained was tested in accordance with the above-mentioned standards, and the results of the measurements are shown in Table 2
TABLE 2 physical mechanical and acoustical properties of the rubber composites prepared in each of the examples and comparative examples
From the comparison between the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the nitrile rubber with higher propylene content is beneficial to improving the coupling between the nitrile rubber/chloroprene rubber matrix and the hindered phenol damping agent, so that the low-frequency sound absorption performance is better; comparing example 2 with example 3, it can be seen that the larger the particle size of the expanded perlite powder is, the better the sound absorption coefficient is, but the physical and mechanical properties are also reduced; comparing example 3, example 4 and comparative example 1, it can be seen that lignocellulose and carbon nanotubes have a certain synergistic effect on improving the sound absorption of the rubber composite, and can further improve the sound absorption performance of the rubber composite, especially the sound absorption performance under low frequency; compared with the comparative example 2, the incorporation of the chloroprene rubber improves the sound absorption performance of the rubber composite material between 2 and 50kHz on the whole; the comparison of the example 2, the example 3, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 3 shows that the compound of the lignocellulose or the carbon nano tube and the perlite powder has a synergistic effect on the improvement of the rubber composite material, and the addition of the lignocellulose or the carbon nano tube has little difference from the single use, probably because the two have the same mechanism for improving the sound absorption coefficient of the rubber; comparing example 2 with comparative example 4, it can be seen that the sound absorption rubber composite material prepared by the expanded perlite powder has better physical and mechanical properties and low-frequency sound absorption coefficient than the common vermiculite.
In conclusion, the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material prepared by adopting the rubber with wide frequency, wide temperature range and high damping and through the multiple dissipation effect of the expanded perlite/lignocellulose or the carbon nano tube overcomes the problem of insufficient sound absorption coefficient at low frequency in the prior art, has good physical and mechanical properties, is simple and easily obtained in materials and has low cost, and the average sound absorption coefficient is more than 90% in the commonly used 20 kHz.
Claims (9)
1. The underwater sound absorption rubber composite material is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
20-50 parts of nitrile rubber, wherein the mass fraction of acrylonitrile in the nitrile rubber is 28-41%;
50-80 parts of chloroprene rubber,
5-20 parts of hindered phenol damping agent,
5-15 parts of fiber or tube rod-shaped filler, wherein the fiber filler is lignocellulose or aramid chopped fiber; the tube-rod-shaped material is a carbon nano tube;
20-40 parts of porous silicate filler, wherein the silicate filler is expanded perlite powder, and the particle size is 60-150 microns;
5-30 parts of carbon black,
5-15 parts of a softening agent,
2-8 parts of an anti-aging agent,
3-5 parts of a stabilizer,
0.5 to 1 part of a vulcanization activator,
2-5 parts of a vulcanizing agent,
3.5-6 parts of a vulcanization assistant.
2. The rubber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the raw material further comprises not more than 2 parts by mass of a scorch retarder and/or not more than 2 parts by mass of a flow dispersant.
3. The rubber composite of claim 1, wherein the hindered phenolic damping agent is one or a mixture of two of AO-80, AO-60.
4. The rubber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the softening agent is any one of naphthenic oil and ester plasticizer; the ester plasticizer comprises any one or more of dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl sebacate (DOS), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), and di (butoxyethoxyethyl) adipate (TP-95).
5. The rubber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is two or more of RD, 4010NA, ODA, and microcrystalline wax.
6. The rubber composite of claim 1, wherein the vulcanizing agent is one or more of zinc oxide and sulfur; the vulcanizing assistant is selected from more than two of NA-22, DM, CZ, NOBS, TMTD and TBTD.
7. The rubber composite of claim 2, wherein the stabilizer is magnesium oxide; the vulcanization activator is stearic acid; the scorch retarder is N-cyclohexyl thiophthalimide; the flowing dispersant is a high molecular fatty acid salt compound.
8. A method of making the underwater sound absorbing rubber composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) putting nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, hindered phenol damping agent, fiber or tube rod-shaped filler, porous silicate filler, carbon black, softening agent, anti-aging agent, stabilizer, vulcanization activator and flow dispersant into an internal mixer, and mixing for 5-8 minutes at 130-150 ℃;
(2) passing the mixture obtained in the step (1) on an open mill for several times until brown yellow lignocellulose or light yellow aramid chopped fibers cannot be seen;
(3) putting the mixture after thin passing into an internal mixer again, adding a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanizing assistant and an anti-scorching agent, mixing for 1-2 minutes, discharging, blanking, cooling and standing to obtain a rubber compound;
(4) and (3) vulcanizing the rubber compound at high temperature to obtain the underwater sound absorption rubber composite material.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the vulcanization temperature is 120 to 150 ℃, the vulcanization time is 20 to 50 minutes, and the vulcanization pressure is not less than 10 MPa.
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