CN108641140B - Rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108641140B
CN108641140B CN201810402153.7A CN201810402153A CN108641140B CN 108641140 B CN108641140 B CN 108641140B CN 201810402153 A CN201810402153 A CN 201810402153A CN 108641140 B CN108641140 B CN 108641140B
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rare earth
earth oxide
composite material
nitrile rubber
polyurethane foam
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CN108641140A (en
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江学良
王知杰
姚楚
游峰
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Wuhan Institute of Technology
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    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/045—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/18—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising butyl or halobutyl rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/046—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
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    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
    • C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
    • C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
    • C08K5/3437—Six-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
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    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
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    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002—Physical properties
    • C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of material processing, and particularly relates to a rare earth rubber-polyurethane foam composite layered material for low-frequency sound absorption and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: pretreating rare earth oxide powder; sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, an anti-aging agent, an accelerator, carbon black, rare earth oxide powder, sulfur and a softener into an internal mixer or an open mill, and mixing and vulcanizing to obtain the rare earth oxide-nitrile rubber composite material for low-frequency sound absorption; according to the structure that one side facing to sound waves is a rare earth oxide-nitrile rubber composite material, and the other side is polyurethane foam, the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material is obtained by compounding with an adhesive. The rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material has several energy dissipation mechanisms such as magnetic sound conversion, damping dissipation, interface resonance and the like, has an excellent medium-low frequency sound absorption effect, is light in weight and small in thickness, and has a wide application prospect in the field of sound absorption.

Description

Rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material processing, and particularly relates to a rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption and a preparation method thereof.
Background
One of the three major pollutions in the world, long-time exposure to noise pollution not only can damage hearing, but also can induce various carcinogenic and fatal diseases. Due to the requirements of people on quality of life, the reasonable control of noise is very important. Meanwhile, noise reduction and sound absorption are necessary conditions for industrial production and scientific research, so that the research and preparation of efficient sound absorption and vibration reduction materials are very important.
The sound absorption material is a material which absorbs sound waves by means of the damping action or the structural resonance action of a material body. Common sound-absorbing materials are porous sound-absorbing materials and resonant sound-absorbing materials: the resonance sound absorption material has good low-frequency sound absorption performance, but has a complex structure and poor processing performance; the porous sound absorption material has simple manufacturing process, high medium-high frequency sound absorption coefficient, poor strength and low frequency sound absorption coefficient. The sound absorption principle of the porous sound absorption material is as follows: when sound waves are incident on the porous material, the sound waves can enter the interior of the material along the micropores, causing vibration of the air in the voids. Due to the viscous resistance of air, the friction between air and the hole wall, the heat conduction and the like, a part of sound energy is converted into heat energy to be lost, and the purpose of sound absorption is achieved. The sound absorption principle of the resonance sound absorption structure is as follows: when the frequency of the sound wave is consistent with the natural vibration frequency of the resonance sound absorption structure, resonance occurs, the sound wave excites the resonance sound absorption structure to generate vibration, and the amplitude is maximized, so that the sound energy is consumed, and the purpose of sound absorption is achieved. The sound absorption characteristics of the two are different in that the former dissipates sound energy by friction, and the latter dissipates sound energy by vibration. Although the polyurethane porous sound absorption material has better sound absorption performance at high frequency, the sound absorption performance at low frequency is poorer, and the most important noise interval in life is just in the middle and low frequency range, so the development of the sound absorption material with excellent low-frequency sound absorption performance is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam composite double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of rare earth oxide powder: mixing rare earth oxide powder with a coupling agent, and carrying out high-speed ball milling pretreatment to obtain modified rare earth oxide powder;
(2) sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, an anti-aging agent, an accelerator, carbon black, modified rare earth oxide powder and sulfur into an internal mixer or an open mill, mixing to obtain mixed rubber, and vulcanizing the mixed rubber to obtain the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber composite material for low-frequency sound absorption;
(3) compounding the double-layer structure material: and (3) compounding the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber composite material prepared in the step (2) and polyurethane foam by using an adhesive according to a structure that one side facing the sound wave is provided with the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber composite material, and the other side is provided with the polyurethane foam to obtain the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material.
In the above scheme, the rare earth oxide in step (1) is La2O3、Y2O3And Gd2O3One or more of them.
In the scheme, the purity of the rare earth oxide in the step (1) is more than 99.5 wt%, and the particle size of particles before ball milling is 0.3-4 μm.
In the scheme, the coupling agent in the step (1) is a titanate coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the coupling agent to the rare earth oxide powder is 1-5: 100.
In the scheme, the raw material components in the step (2) are as follows in parts by weight: 100 parts of nitrile rubber; 3-8 parts of zinc oxide; 0.5-3 parts of zinc stearate; 0.5-3 parts of stearic acid; 0.5-2 parts of an anti-aging agent; 1.5-3 parts of sulfur; accelerator (b): 1.5-3 parts; 15-30 parts of carbon black; 25-100 parts of modified rare earth oxide powder. Wherein the anti-aging agent is an anti-aging agent RD; the accelerant consists of an accelerant TMTD and an accelerant CZ according to the proportion of 1-2: 0.5-1.
In the scheme, the mixing treatment in the step (2) comprises the following steps: mixing for 15-40 min at 30-80 ℃; the vulcanization temperature of the vulcanization treatment is 150-170 ℃, the vulcanization pressure is 10-15 Mpa, and the vulcanization time is 15-30 min.
In the scheme, in the step (3), the thickness of the rare earth rubber composite material facing to the sound wave side is 1-5 mm, and the thickness of the polyurethane foam on the other side is 5-45 mm.
In the scheme, the adhesive in the step (3) is polyurethane adhesive, chloroprene-butadiene-acrylonitrile adhesive or phenolic-butadiene-acrylonitrile adhesive.
The rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material is prepared by utilizing the magnetoacoustic conversion characteristic of the rare earth filler and the damping dissipation characteristic of the high polymer. The rare earth oxide-nitrile rubber composite material has several energy dissipation mechanisms such as magnetoacoustic conversion, damping dissipation and the like, so that the consumption of acoustic energy is greatly improved; through structural design, the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber composite material is compounded with polyurethane foam with high damping effect to prepare a double-layer composite material, so that the low-frequency sound absorption performance is further improved, and the quality of the material is reduced. The rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material has excellent medium and low frequency sound absorption effect, is light in weight and small in thickness, and has wide application prospect in the field of sound absorption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the low frequency sound absorption performance of the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam two-layer composite prepared in examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Gd for low-frequency sound absorption2O3The preparation method of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of rare earth oxide powder: the weight portions of the raw materials are as follows: 100 parts of rare earth oxide and 1-5 parts of coupling agent, and selecting the rare earth oxide and titanate coupling agent; putting the raw materials into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 30min at a high speed of 1500r/min to obtain modified rare earth oxide for later use;
(2) a rubber mixing formula: 100 parts of nitrile rubber; 5 parts of zinc oxide; 0.75 part of zinc stearate; 0.75 part of stearic acid; 2 parts of an anti-aging agent RD; 1.5 parts of sulfur; 2 parts of an accelerator TMTD; 1 part of accelerator CZ; 20 parts of carbon black; modified Gd2O325 parts of powder; sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, an anti-aging agent RD, an accelerator TMTD, an accelerator CZ, carbon black and modified Gd into an internal mixer or an open mill2O3Mixing the powder, sulfur and a softening agent at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 40min to obtain a mixed rubber, and then mixing the mixed rubber at the temperature of 160 DEG CVulcanizing at 15Mpa for 15min to obtain Gd for low-frequency sound absorption2O3A nitrile rubber composite material;
(3) compounding the double-layer structure material: gd 1mm on the side facing the sound wave2O3The other side of the nitrile butadiene rubber composite material is a polyurethane foam structure with the thickness of 25mm, and the flaky Gd prepared in the step (2)2O3The Gd is obtained by compounding nitrile rubber composite material and sheet polyurethane foam by using polyurethane glue as an adhesive2O3A nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material.
Gd obtained in the example2O3The effect evaluation of the nitrile rubber composite-polyurethane foam two-layer composite was carried out, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As seen from fig. 1: gd is present at a frequency of 500 to 1250Hz2O3The average sound absorption coefficient of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material is 0.48, and the maximum sound absorption coefficient is 0.90 at the frequency of 800 Hz.
Example 2
La for low-frequency sound absorption2O3The preparation method of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of rare earth oxide powder: the weight portions of the raw materials are as follows: 100 parts of rare earth oxide and 1-5 parts of coupling agent, and selecting the rare earth oxide and titanate coupling agent; putting the raw materials into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 30min at a high speed of 1500r/min to obtain modified rare earth oxide for later use;
(2) a rubber mixing formula: 100 parts of nitrile rubber; 5 parts of zinc oxide; 0.75 part of zinc stearate; 0.75 part of stearic acid; 2 parts of an anti-aging agent RD; 1.5 parts of sulfur; 2 parts of an accelerator TMTD; 1 part of accelerator CZ; 20 parts of carbon black; modified La2O325 parts of powder; sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, an anti-aging agent RD, an accelerator TMTD, an accelerator CZ, carbon black and modified La into an internal mixer or an open mill2O3Mixing the powder, sulfur and a softening agent at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 40min to obtain mixed rubber, and then mixingVulcanizing the rubber at 150 ℃ and 15MPa for 15min to obtain La for low-frequency sound absorption2O3A nitrile rubber composite material;
(3) compounding the double-layer structure material: according to 1mm La facing the side of the sound wave2O3The other side of the nitrile butadiene rubber composite material is a 25mm polyurethane foam structure, and the flaky La prepared in the step (2)2O3The La is obtained by compounding nitrile rubber composite material and flaky polyurethane foam by using polyurethane glue as an adhesive2O3A nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material.
La prepared in this example2O3The effect evaluation of the nitrile rubber composite-polyurethane foam two-layer composite was carried out, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As seen from fig. 1: the La is arranged under the frequency of 200-800 Hz2O3The average sound absorption coefficient of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material is 0.42, and the maximum sound absorption coefficient is 0.93 at the frequency of 800 Hz.
Example 3
Y for low-frequency sound absorption2O3The preparation method of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of rare earth oxide powder: the weight portions of the raw materials are as follows: 100 parts of rare earth oxide and 1-5 parts of coupling agent, and selecting the rare earth oxide and titanate coupling agent; putting the raw materials into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 30min at a high speed of 1500r/min to obtain modified rare earth oxide for later use;
(2) a rubber mixing formula: 100 parts of nitrile rubber; 5 parts of zinc oxide; 0.75 part of zinc stearate; 0.75 part of stearic acid; 2 parts of an anti-aging agent RD; 1.5 parts of sulfur; 2 parts of an accelerator TMTD; 1 part of accelerator CZ; 20 parts of carbon black; modified Y2O325 parts of powder; sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, antioxidant RD, accelerator TMTD, accelerator CZ, carbon black and modified Y into an internal mixer or an open mill2O3Mixing the powder, sulfur and a softening agent at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 40min to obtain a rubber compoundThen vulcanizing the mixed rubber at the temperature of 160 ℃ and the pressure of 10Mpa for 15min to obtain Y for low-frequency sound absorption2O3A nitrile rubber composite material;
(3) compounding the double-layer structure material: according to a 1mm Y face facing the sonic wave side2O3The other side of the nitrile rubber composite material is a structure of 25mm polyurethane foam, the flaky rare earth rubber composite material prepared in the step (2) and the flaky polyurethane foam are compounded by using polyurethane glue as an adhesive to obtain Y2O3A nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material.
Y prepared in this example2O3The effect evaluation of the nitrile rubber composite-polyurethane foam two-layer composite was carried out, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As seen from fig. 1: y is at a frequency of 200-800 Hz2O3The average sound absorption coefficient of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material is 0.41, and the maximum sound absorption coefficient is 0.91 at the frequency of 800 Hz.
Example 4
Y for low-frequency sound absorption2O3The preparation method of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of rare earth oxide powder: the weight portions of the raw materials are as follows: 100 parts of rare earth oxide and 1-5 parts of coupling agent, and selecting the rare earth oxide and titanate coupling agent; putting the raw materials into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 30min at a high speed of 1500r/min to obtain modified rare earth oxide for later use;
(2) a rubber mixing formula: 100 parts of nitrile rubber; 5 parts of zinc oxide; 0.75 part of zinc stearate; 0.75 part of stearic acid; 2 parts of an anti-aging agent RD; 1.5 parts of sulfur; 2 parts of an accelerator TMTD; 1 part of accelerator CZ; 20 parts of carbon black; modified Y2O325 parts of powder; sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, antioxidant RD, accelerator TMTD, accelerator CZ, carbon black and modified Y into an internal mixer or an open mill2O3Mixing the powder, sulfur and a softening agent at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 40min to obtain a mixed rubber, and then mixingVulcanizing the rubber at 160 deg.C under 15MPa for 15min to obtain Y for low frequency sound absorption2O3A nitrile rubber composite material;
(3) compounding the double-layer structure material: according to a 1mm Y face facing the sonic wave side2O3The other side of the nitrile rubber composite material is a 10mm polyurethane foam structure, and the flaky Y prepared in the step (2)2O3The Y is obtained by compounding nitrile rubber composite material and flaky polyurethane foam by using polyurethane glue as an adhesive2O3A nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material.
Y prepared in this example2O3The effect evaluation of the nitrile rubber composite-polyurethane foam two-layer composite was carried out, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As seen from fig. 1: y is at a frequency of 200-500 Hz2O3The average sound absorption coefficient of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material is 0.33, and the maximum sound absorption coefficient at the frequency of 630Hz is 0.78.
Example 5
La for low-frequency sound absorption2O3The preparation method of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of rare earth oxide powder: the weight portions of the raw materials are as follows: 100 parts of rare earth oxide and 1-5 parts of coupling agent, and selecting the rare earth oxide and titanate coupling agent; putting the raw materials into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 30min at a high speed of 1500r/min to obtain modified rare earth oxide for later use;
(2) a rubber mixing formula: 100 parts of nitrile rubber; 5 parts of zinc oxide; 0.75 part of zinc stearate; 0.75 part of stearic acid; 2 parts of an anti-aging agent RD; 1.5 parts of sulfur; 2 parts of an accelerator TMTD; 1 part of accelerator CZ; 20 parts of carbon black; modified La2O325 parts of powder; sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, an anti-aging agent RD, an accelerator TMTD, an accelerator CZ, carbon black and modified La into an internal mixer or an open mill2O3Mixing the powder, sulfur and a softening agent at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 40min to obtain a rubber compoundThen vulcanizing the rubber compound at the temperature of 160 ℃ and the pressure of 15MPa for 10min to obtain La for low-frequency sound absorption2O3A nitrile rubber composite material;
(3) compounding the double-layer structure material: according to 1mm La facing the side of the sound wave2O3The other side of the nitrile butadiene rubber composite material is of a 10mm polyurethane foam structure, the flaky rare earth rubber composite material prepared in the step (2) and the flaky polyurethane foam are compounded by using polyurethane glue as an adhesive to obtain La2O3A nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material.
La prepared in this example2O3The effect evaluation of the nitrile rubber composite-polyurethane foam two-layer composite was carried out, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As seen from fig. 1: the La is used at a frequency of 200-500 Hz2O3The average sound absorption coefficient of the nitrile rubber composite material-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material is 0.38, and the maximum sound absorption coefficient at the frequency of 630Hz is 0.74.
It is apparent that the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating and do not limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are therefore intended to be included within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of a rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of rare earth oxide powder: mixing rare earth oxide powder with a coupling agent, and carrying out high-speed ball milling pretreatment to obtain modified rare earth oxide powder; the rare earth oxide is La2O3、Y2O3And Gd2O3One or more of the above;
(2) sequentially adding nitrile rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, an anti-aging agent, an accelerator, carbon black, modified rare earth oxide powder and sulfur into an internal mixer or an open mill, mixing to obtain mixed rubber, and vulcanizing the mixed rubber to obtain the rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber composite material for low-frequency sound absorption;
(3) compounding the double-layer structure material: compounding the rare earth rubber composite material prepared in the step (2) and polyurethane foam by using an adhesive according to a structure that one side facing to sound waves is provided with the rare earth rubber composite material and the other side is provided with polyurethane foam to obtain a rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material; the thickness of the rare earth rubber composite material facing to the sound wave side is 1-5 mm, and the thickness of the polyurethane foam on the other side is 10-40 mm.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the coupling agent in the step (1) is a titanate coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the coupling agent to the rare earth oxide powder is 1-5: 100.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the raw material components in the step (2) are as follows in parts by weight: 100 parts of nitrile rubber; 3-8 parts of zinc oxide; 0.5-3 parts of zinc stearate; 0.5-3 parts of stearic acid; 0.5-2 parts of an anti-aging agent; 1.5-3 parts of sulfur; 1.5-3 parts of an accelerator; 15-30 parts of carbon black; 25-100 parts of modified rare earth oxide powder.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is antioxidant RD; the promoter consists of a promoter TMTD and a promoter CZ according to the mass ratio of 2: 1.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing treatment in step (2) is: and (3) mixing for 15-40 min at 30-80 ℃, wherein the vulcanization temperature of the vulcanization treatment is 150-170 ℃, the vulcanization pressure is 10-15 Mpa, and the vulcanization time is 15-30 min.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive in step (3) is a polyurethane adhesive, a neoprene-nitrile adhesive, or a phenolic-nitrile adhesive.
7. The rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN201810402153.7A 2018-04-28 2018-04-28 Rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN108641140B (en)

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CN107200879A (en) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-26 青岛科技大学 A kind of nitrile rubber microcellular foam material and preparation method thereof
CN107283950A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-24 武汉工程大学 It is a kind of for layer structure composite of low frequency absorption and preparation method thereof

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