CN106750656A - A kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to low frequency absorption Material Field, and in particular to a kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption and preparation method thereof.The present invention is pre-processed to barium titanate ceramics powder first, then with piezoelectric ceramics as function phase, conductive black as conductive phase, nitrile rubber is as matrix, the principle being combined with bulk effect using piezo-electric effect, prepare the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, the damping temperature domain of the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material is wider, and storage modulus is higher；Based on piezo-electric effect and bulk effect principle, the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material can obtain preferable effect of low-frequency sound absorption in the case of thickness is less.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to low frequency absorption Material Field, and in particular to a kind of barium titanate/rubber piezoelectricity for low frequency absorption
Composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The development of modern industry causes that noise problem is on the rise, and long-time contact noise can produce bad work to body
With also vision, respiratory system, human immune system and development of fetus can be produced influences, the research system of the damping material that absorbs sound
It is standby to be particularly important.Traditional sound-absorbing material mainly includes foam class, fiber-like, resonance class and composite class, undulation degree
Material is preferable in medium-high frequency sound absorption, but low frequency absorption is poor；The foamed material low frequency absorption such as polyurethane is poor and intensity is relatively low；Resonance
Class material needs special construction, and sound absorption frequency range is narrower, and limitation is larger and material thickness is larger；And composite processing
It is modified convenient, different use environments can be met.Wherein piezo-electricity composite material is a kind of more new sound absorption vibration damping composite wood
Material, sound absorption frequency is smaller to temperature dependency.
Can occur the crystalline material referred to as piezoelectric of voltage when being acted on by external mechanical force between end face.Using piezoelectricity
These characteristics of material can realize mechanical oscillation (sound wave) and the mutual phase transformation of electric current.Piezoelectric performance largely depends on
In the synthesis of piezo-electric crystal.The synthetic method of piezo-electric crystal can generally be divided into solid phase method, liquid phase method and vapor phase method.Solid phase method
Including traditional reaction method, high-energy ball milling method, combustion method etc.；Liquid phase method includes solution-gel method, hydro-thermal method (hot solvent method), grass
Hydrochlorate method, coprecipitation etc.；Vapor phase method includes physical vapour deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition.Liquid phase method is because of its reaction condition temperature
With, crystallinity preferably, chemical composition stability the advantages of and be widely used in the preparation of piezo-electric crystal.
According to in rubber adulterate packing property and external design structure, can design it is multiple damping mechanism (matrix and
The energy loss that the interior friction of fibre reinforced materials causes, mesomerism, interface friction heat, viscoplasticity damping etc.), increase
The strong compound use value as vibration and noise reducing material.Traditional sound absorption such as the rigidifying of decoupling, vibration isolation and structure is different to subtract
Method of slight, piezo-electricity composite material inside has various energy conversion machine systems, including mechanical energy and electric energy conversion (piezo-electric damping
Material), the conversion (reversible hydrogen bond power consumption damping material) of mechanical energy and chemical energy, the conversion (rare earth permanent magnet of mechanical energy and magnetic energy
Damping material) etc., can develop new sound absorption damping material using these mechanism.When sound wave or the vibration mechanical energy of other forms
When being applied to piezo-electricity composite material surface, electric energy is translated into by direct piezoelectric effect, in the piezoelectric unit of composite
Interior generation alternating voltage, when composite inner resistance is excessive or during too small resistance, the electric energy of generation can not immediately conduct dissipation,
Because inverse piezoelectric effect can be again converted to vibrational energy.So, positive inverse piezoelectric effect repeat function, vibrational energy persistently declines
Subtract, finally dissipated in the form of heat energy, so as to play the effect of vibration and noise reducing.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is therefore intended that provide a kind of barium titanate/rubber pressure for low frequency absorption
Composite and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of preparation method of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, comprises the following steps：
(1) pretreatment of barium titanate ceramics powder：First by barium titanate ceramics powder be put into ball milling 5 in ball mill~
15min obtains barium titanate ceramics powder, then barium titanate ceramics powder and modifying agent is placed in high-speed mixer, with 1200
~1500r/min 10~30min of high-speed stirred, obtain pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, standby after drying；
(2) rubber matrix raw material is weighed according to the following formulation：The weight portion of nitrile rubber 100, the weight portions of ZnO 3~8, stearic acid
The weight portion of zinc 0.5~3, the weight portion of stearic acid 0.5~3, the weight portion of antioxidant 4010 0.5~2, the weight portion of sulphur 1~3, promotion
The weight portions of agent DM 0.5~2, the weight portion of accelerant CZ 0.5~2；After weighing conductive black and step (1) gained pretreatment simultaneously
Barium carbonate powder；
(3) sequentially added in banbury or mill zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, age resistor, altax,
Accelerant CZ, pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, conductive black and sulphur, at a temperature of 40~80 DEG C knead 10~
40min obtains elastomeric compound, and elastomeric compound obtains the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption after vulcanization.
In such scheme, step (1) described modifying agent is silane coupler, titanate coupling agent, stearic acid or tristearin
Hydrochlorate.
In such scheme, the mass ratio of pretreated barium titanate ceramic powder and modifying agent is described in step (1)
100:1~6.
In such scheme, the volume of step (2) described conductive black accounts for the 2%~10% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume,
The volume of the pretreated barium carbonate powder accounts for the 10%~60% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume.
In such scheme, the temperature of step (3) described vulcanization is 155~175 DEG C, and the time is 15~30min.
In such scheme, the pressure of step (3) described vulcanization is 10~20MPa.
The barium titanate for low frequency absorption/rubber piezo-electricity composite material that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention is pre-processed to barium titanate ceramics powder first, then with piezoelectric ceramics
For function phase, conductive black be conductive phase, nitrile rubber be matrix, the principle being combined with bulk effect using piezo-electric effect,
Prepare the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, the resistance of the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material
Buddhist nun's temperature range is wider, and storage modulus is higher；Based on piezo-electric effect and bulk effect principle, the barium titanate/rubber Piezoelectric anisotropy material
Material can obtain preferable effect of low-frequency sound absorption in the case of thickness is less.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the damping capacity of 2mm piezo-electricity composite material products under different temperatures in embodiment 3.
Fig. 2 is the damping capacity of 2mm piezo-electricity composite material products under different frequency in embodiment 3.
Fig. 3 is the low frequency absorption performance of 2mm piezo-electricity composite material products in embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated but of the invention
Content is not limited solely to the following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, is prepared via a method which to obtain：
(1) barium titanate ceramics powder pretreatment：Barium titanate ceramics powder is put into ball milling 5min in ball mill；Using silane
Coupling agent is modifying agent, and consumption is the 2% of barium titanate ceramics powder quality；By the barium titanate ceramics powder after ball milling and modified examination
Agent is placed in high-speed mixer, and 20min is stirred with high speed 1200r/min, obtains pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, and drying is standby
With；
(2) rubber matrix raw material is weighed by formula as below：The weight portion of nitrile rubber 100, the weight portions of ZnO 4, zinc stearate 1
Weight portion, the weight portion of stearic acid 1, the weight portion of antioxidant 4010 0.8, the weight portion of sulphur 1, the weight portion of altax 0.8 promotes
The weight portions of agent CZ 0.8；Weigh conductive black simultaneously (volume of conductive black is the 4% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；Metatitanic acid
Titanate ceramicses powder (volume of barium titanate ceramics powder is the 30% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；
(3) sequentially added in banbury or mill zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, age resistor, altax,
Accelerant CZ, barium titanate ceramics powder, conductive black and sulphur, mixing 20min obtains elastomeric compound below 80 DEG C, and elastomeric compound exists
160 DEG C, vulcanize 25min under the conditions of 15MPa, obtain the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption.
Effect assessment：Thickness is the composite product of 2mm, under low frequency environments, average damping system under different frequency
0.74 or so, maximum low frequency acoustic absorptivity is 0.25 to number damped coefficient average between 0.2 or so, -20~0 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, is prepared via a method which to obtain：
(1) barium titanate ceramics powder pretreatment：Barium titanate ceramics powder is put into ball milling 8min in ball mill；Using silane
Coupling agent is modifying agent, and consumption is the 3% of barium titanate ceramics powder quality；By the barium titanate ceramics powder after ball milling and modified examination
Agent is placed in high-speed mixer, and 25min is stirred with high speed 1300r/min, obtains pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, and drying is standby
With；
(2) rubber matrix raw material is weighed by formula as below：The weight portion of nitrile rubber 100, the weight portions of ZnO 4, zinc stearate 1
Weight portion, the weight portion of stearic acid 1, the weight portion of antioxidant 4010 0.8, the weight portion of sulphur 1, the weight portion of altax 0.8 promotes
The weight portions of agent CZ 0.8；Weigh conductive black simultaneously (volume of conductive black is the 8% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；Metatitanic acid
Titanate ceramicses powder (volume of barium titanate ceramics powder is the 40% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；
(3) sequentially added in banbury or mill zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, age resistor, altax,
Accelerant CZ, barium titanate ceramics powder, conductive black and sulphur, mixing 20min obtains elastomeric compound below 60 DEG C, and elastomeric compound exists
170 DEG C, vulcanize 25min under the conditions of 10MPa, obtain the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption.
Effect assessment：Thickness is the composite product of 2mm, under low frequency environments, average damping system under different frequency
0.76 or so, maximum low frequency acoustic absorptivity is 0.255 to number damped coefficient average between 0.2 or so, -20~0 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, is prepared via a method which to obtain：
(1) barium titanate ceramics powder pretreatment：Barium titanate ceramics powder is put into ball milling 10min in ball mill；Using silicon
Alkane coupling agent is modifying agent, and consumption is the 5% of barium titanate ceramics powder quality；By the barium titanate ceramics powder after ball milling and modified
Reagent is placed in high-speed mixer, and 20min is stirred with high speed 1400r/min, obtains pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, is dried
It is standby；
(2) rubber matrix raw material is weighed by formula as below：The weight portion of nitrile rubber 100, the weight portions of ZnO 4, zinc stearate 1
Weight portion, the weight portion of stearic acid 1, the weight portion of antioxidant 4010 0.8, the weight portion of sulphur 1, the weight portion of altax 0.8 promotes
The weight portions of agent CZ 0.8；Weigh conductive black simultaneously (volume of conductive black is the 6% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；Metatitanic acid
Titanate ceramicses powder (volume of barium titanate ceramics powder is the 50% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；
(3) sequentially added in banbury or mill zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, age resistor, altax,
Accelerant CZ, barium titanate ceramics powder, conductive black and sulphur, mixing 30min obtains elastomeric compound below 70 DEG C, and elastomeric compound exists
170 DEG C, vulcanize 25min under the conditions of 10MPa, obtain the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption.
Effect assessment：Thickness is the composite product of 2mm, the damping capacity test result such as Fig. 1 under different temperatures
Shown, the damping capacity test result under different frequency is as shown in Fig. 2 low frequency absorption the performance test results are as shown in Figure 3.From figure
1~3 can be seen that：Under low frequency environments, average damped coefficient averagely hinders between 0.3 or so, -20~0 DEG C under different frequency
0.8 or so, maximum low frequency acoustic absorptivity is 0.32 to Buddhist nun's coefficient.
Embodiment 4
A kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, is prepared via a method which to obtain：
(1) barium titanate ceramics powder pretreatment：Barium titanate ceramics powder is put into ball milling 10min in ball mill；Using silicon
Alkane coupling agent is modifying agent, and consumption is the 3% of barium titanate ceramics powder quality；By the barium titanate ceramics powder after ball milling and modified
Reagent is placed in high-speed mixer, and 20min is stirred with high speed 1300r/min, obtains pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, is dried
It is standby；
(2) rubber matrix raw material is weighed by formula as below：The weight portion of nitrile rubber 100, the weight portions of ZnO 4, zinc stearate 1
Weight portion, the weight portion of stearic acid 1, the weight portion of antioxidant 4010 0.8, the weight portion of sulphur 1, the weight portion of altax 0.8 promotes
The weight portions of agent CZ 0.8；Weigh conductive black simultaneously (volume of conductive black is the 2% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；Metatitanic acid
Titanate ceramicses powder (volume of barium titanate ceramics powder is the 40% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；
(3) sequentially added in banbury or mill zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, age resistor, altax,
Accelerant CZ, barium titanate ceramics powder, conductive black and sulphur, mixing 30min obtains elastomeric compound below 60 DEG C, and elastomeric compound exists
175 DEG C, vulcanize 15min under the conditions of 10MPa, obtain the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption.
Effect assessment：Thickness is the composite product of 2mm.Under low frequency environments, average damping system under different frequency
0.75 or so, maximum low frequency acoustic absorptivity is 0.25 to number damped coefficient average between 0.21 or so, -20~0 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
A kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, is prepared via a method which to obtain：
(1) barium titanate ceramics powder pretreatment：Barium titanate ceramics powder is put into ball milling 10min in ball mill；Using silicon
Alkane coupling agent is modifying agent, and consumption is the 5% of barium titanate ceramics powder quality；By the barium titanate ceramics powder after ball milling and modified
Reagent is placed in high-speed mixer, and 30min is stirred with high speed 1500r/min, obtains pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, is dried
It is standby；
(2) rubber matrix raw material is weighed by formula as below：The weight portion of nitrile rubber 100, the weight portions of ZnO 4, zinc stearate 1
Weight portion, the weight portion of stearic acid 1, the weight portion of antioxidant 4010 0.8, the weight portion of sulphur 1, the weight portion of altax 0.8 promotes
The weight portions of agent CZ 0.8；Weigh conductive black simultaneously (volume of conductive black is the 10% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；Titanium
Sour titanate ceramicses powder (volume of barium titanate ceramics powder is the 60% of rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume)；
(3) sequentially added in banbury or mill zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, age resistor, altax,
Accelerant CZ, barium titanate ceramics powder, conductive black and sulphur, mixing 40min obtains elastomeric compound below 60 DEG C, and elastomeric compound exists
170 DEG C, vulcanize 25min under the conditions of 15MPa, obtain the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption.
Effect assessment：Thickness is the composite product of 2mm.Under low frequency environments, average damping system under different frequency
0.85 or so, maximum low frequency acoustic absorptivity is 0.11 to number damped coefficient average between 0.3 or so, -20~0 DEG C.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate made example, and not to the limitation of implementation method.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-forms change or
Change.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.And the obvious change or change therefore amplified
Move within still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a kind of barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption, it is characterised in that including as follows
Step：
（1）The pretreatment of barium titanate ceramics powder：5 ~ 15min of ball milling is obtained during barium titanate ceramics powder is put into ball mill first
, then be placed in high-speed mixer for barium titanate ceramics powder and modifying agent by barium titanate ceramics powder, with 1200 ~ 1500 r/
The min of min high-speed stirreds 10 ~ 30, obtains pretreated barium titanate ceramics powder, standby after drying；
（2）Rubber matrix raw material is weighed according to the following formulation：The weight portion of nitrile rubber 100, the weight portions of ZnO 3 ~ 8, zinc stearate
0.5 ~ 3 weight portion, the weight portion of stearic acid 0.5 ~ 3, the weight portion of antioxidant 4010 0.5 ~ 2, the weight portion of sulphur 1 ~ 3, altax
0.5 ~ 2 weight portion, the weight portion of accelerant CZ 0.5 ~ 2；Weigh conductive black and step simultaneously（1）The pretreated metatitanic acid of gained
Barium powder；
（3）Zinc oxide, stearic acid, zinc stearate, age resistor, altax, promotion are sequentially added in banbury or mill
Agent CZ, pretreated barium titanate ceramic powder, conductive black and sulphur, 10 ~ 40min of mixing is mixed at a temperature of 40 ~ 80 DEG C
Refining glue, elastomeric compound obtains the barium titanate/rubber piezo-electricity composite material for low frequency absorption after vulcanization.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）The modifying agent be silane coupler,
Titanate coupling agent, stearic acid or stearate.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）The barium titanate ceramics powder and modified
The mass ratio of reagent is 100:1~6.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）The volume of the conductive black accounts for rubber
The 2% ~ 10% of matrix material cumulative volume, the volume of the pretreated barium carbonate powder accounts for rubber matrix raw material cumulative volume
10%~60%。
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）The temperature of the vulcanization is 155 ~ 175
DEG C, the time is 15 ~ 30min.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）The pressure of the vulcanization is 10 ~ 20MPa.
7. the barium titanate for low frequency absorption/rubber Piezoelectric anisotropy that any preparation method of claim 1 ~ 6 is prepared
Material.
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| CN107123731A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-01 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of piezoelectric ceramic piece and preparation method by collecting noise generating |
| CN107283950A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-24 | 武汉工程大学 | It is a kind of for layer structure composite of low frequency absorption and preparation method thereof |
| CN108384127A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-10 | 衡水中铁建环保工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of open cell type rubber acoustic board |
| CN108586846A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 武汉工程大学 | A kind of low frequency absorption rubber composite material and preparation method thereof based on cavity structure |
| CN108641140A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-12 | 武汉工程大学 | Rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material and preparation method thereof for low frequency absorption |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107123731A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-01 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of piezoelectric ceramic piece and preparation method by collecting noise generating |
| CN107123731B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-06-07 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of piezoelectric ceramic piece and preparation method by collecting noise power generation |
| CN107283950A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-24 | 武汉工程大学 | It is a kind of for layer structure composite of low frequency absorption and preparation method thereof |
| CN108384127A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-10 | 衡水中铁建环保工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of open cell type rubber acoustic board |
| CN108586846A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 武汉工程大学 | A kind of low frequency absorption rubber composite material and preparation method thereof based on cavity structure |
| CN108641140A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-12 | 武汉工程大学 | Rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material and preparation method thereof for low frequency absorption |
| CN108586846B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-11-27 | 武汉工程大学 | Low-frequency sound absorption rubber composite material based on cavity structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN108641140B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-11-27 | 武汉工程大学 | Rare earth oxide/nitrile rubber-polyurethane foam double-layer composite material for low-frequency sound absorption and preparation method thereof |
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