CN109648196A - A kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment and its processing method - Google Patents
A kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment and its processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109648196A CN109648196A CN201910101080.2A CN201910101080A CN109648196A CN 109648196 A CN109648196 A CN 109648196A CN 201910101080 A CN201910101080 A CN 201910101080A CN 109648196 A CN109648196 A CN 109648196A
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- laser
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
Abstract
The present invention relates to high-accuracy Carving Machining field, disclosing a kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment and its processing method to realize high-precision and efficient processing reduces the scrappage of workpiece, and improve the degree of automation of laser processing；The laser module for being used to generate laser beam of the invention, the control assembly moved in vertical direction for controlling laser module, the workpiece to be processed for clamping and the clamping workpiece support for controlling workpiece rotation and movement in the horizontal direction, and for dividing axial direction, and control laser module, control assembly, and the numerically-controlled machine tool module that clamping workpiece support is moved upwards in corresponding axis, wherein, clamping workpiece support is mounted in machine tool main body, laser module is mounted on the top of clamping workpiece support, control assembly is connected with laser module, numerically-controlled machine tool module respectively with laser module, control assembly, the connection of clamping workpiece support.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-accuracy Carving Machining field more particularly to a kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment and its processing
Method.
Background technique
In auto industry and aerospace industry, high-accuracy Carving Machining exists at present in occupation of very important position
It is mainly processed using traditional mechanical engraving in industrial application, still, that there are machining accuracies is not high for traditional mechanical engraving processing,
The problems such as low efficiency, with the fast development of technology, traditional mechanical engraving processing have been unable to meet in new technique research and development and
Production.Currently, there is laser-engraving technique, wherein laser engraving is by huge energy caused by laser directly by material
Material fusing or gasification, by the cooperation with digital control system to reach our the desired Carving Machining purposes of part, still,
The problems such as some laser processing equipments, the machining accuracy that there is Carving Machining mostly is not high, inefficient.
Therefore, complex-curved Carving Machining how is solved, the machining accuracy and efficiency of the Carving Machining in industry are improved
It is a urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment and its processing methods, to realize for complexity
The high-precision of curved surface and efficient processing, reduce the scrappage of workpiece, and improve the degree of automation of laser processing.
To achieve the above object, it the present invention provides a kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment, including machine tool main body, also wraps
It includes:
Laser module, for generating laser beam；
Control assembly moves in vertical direction for controlling the laser module；
Clamping workpiece support, the workpiece to be processed for clamping, be also used to control workpiece rotation and in the horizontal direction
On movement；
The direction that vertically moves of the laser module is divided into Z axis for dividing axial direction by numerically-controlled machine tool module, will
Horizontal direction where the clamping workpiece support is divided into X-axis, and the interior direction perpendicular to the X-axis of plane is Y-axis, will process
The direction of part rotation is divided into C axis；The numerically-controlled machine tool module is also used to control the laser module and the clamping workpiece
Support is moved upwards in corresponding axis；
The clamping workpiece support is mounted in the machine tool main body, and the laser module is mounted on the clamping workpiece
The top of support, the control assembly are connected with the laser module, the numerically-controlled machine tool module respectively with the laser
Module, the control assembly and clamping workpiece support connection.
Preferably, the laser module includes laser, is mounted on the laser emitting position for focusing laser
The focus device of beam and the switch opened or closed for controlling the laser, the numerically-controlled machine tool and the switch phase
Connect, and opening or closing by laser described in the switch control.
Preferably, the laser is single mode solid picosecond laser, the impulse wave of the single mode solid picosecond laser
A length of 1064nm, 532nm or 355nm, the range of mean power are 10W to 100W.
Preferably, the laser is single mode fiber laser, the wavelength of the single mode fiber laser be 1064nm or
1080nm, mean power are 10W to 3000W.
Preferably, the control assembly includes the elevator moved in vertical direction for controlling the laser module
Structure, the elevating mechanism are connect with the laser module.
Preferably, the elevating mechanism is guide rail slide unit.
Preferably, the clamping workpiece support includes rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft drives for connecting workpiece to be processed
The workpiece to be processed rotation.
As a general technical idea, the present invention also provides a kind of applied to above-mentioned multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment
Processing method, comprising the following steps:
S1: to be processed information of the setting comprising processing point in numerically-controlled machine tool module；
S2: numerically-controlled machine tool module control clamping workpiece support is at the uniform velocity rotated on C axis by setting speed, according to described
Information control clamping workpiece support to be processed is moved to the position that need to be processed in X-axis and Y-axis；
S3: the angle information of numerically-controlled machine tool module real-time detection clamping workpiece support rotation, when the angle of clamping workpiece support
When degree information meets the processing point in information to be processed, numerically-controlled machine tool module controls laser module and opens work, generates and swashs
Light beam is carved to machined part, to realize that a certain circle to workpiece is processed；
S4: numerically-controlled machine tool module adjusts position of the clamping workpiece support in X-axis and Y-axis, and control assembly adjusts laser
Position of the module on Z axis returns to S3 and continues to process, until processing entire workpiece to be added.
Preferably, in the S2, the numerically-controlled machine tool module control clamping workpiece support is carried out on C axis by setting speed
At the uniform velocity further comprised the steps of: before rotation
Numerically-controlled machine tool module controls clamping workpiece support and accelerates to the setting speed with certain acceleration.
Preferably, the multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment further includes the angle for the rotation of real-time detection clamping workpiece support
The coding disk of information is spent, the numerically-controlled machine tool module obtains the angle that the clamping workpiece support rotates by the code-disc and believes
Breath.
The invention has the following advantages:
The present invention provides a kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment and its processing method, including for generating swashing for laser beam
Light device module, the control assembly moved in vertical direction for controlling laser module, the workpiece to be processed for clamping,
It is also used to control the clamping workpiece support of workpiece rotation and movement in the horizontal direction, for dividing axial direction, and controls and swash
The numerically-controlled machine tool module that light device module and clamping workpiece support are moved upwards in corresponding axis；Clamping workpiece support is mounted on lathe
In main body, laser module is mounted on the top of clamping workpiece support, and control assembly is connected with laser module, numerically-controlled machine tool mould
Block is connect with laser module, control assembly and clamping workpiece support respectively；Be able to achieve for complex-curved high-precision and
Efficient processing, reduces the scrappage of workpiece, and improves the degree of automation of laser processing.
Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment structural schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the axial dividing condition schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
1, laser module；2, control assembly；3, clamping workpiece support；4, numerically-controlled machine tool module.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention can be defined by the claims
Implement with the multitude of different ways of covering.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.The similar word of "one" or " one " etc. used in present patent application specification and claims does not indicate
Quantity limitation, but indicate that there are at least one.The similar word such as " connection " or " connected " be not limited to physics or
The connection of person's machinery, but may include electrical connection, it is either direct or indirect.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipments, including machine tool main body, further includes:
Laser module 1, for generating laser beam；
Control assembly 2 moves in vertical direction for controlling laser module 1；
Clamping workpiece support 3, the workpiece to be processed for clamping, be also used to control workpiece rotation and in the horizontal direction
On movement；
Numerically-controlled machine tool module 4, for dividing axial direction, as shown in Fig. 2, the direction that vertically moves of laser module 1 is divided
For Z axis, the horizontal direction where clamping workpiece support 3 is divided into X-axis, the interior direction perpendicular to X-axis of plane is Y-axis, will be added
The direction of workpiece rotation is divided into C axis；Numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 is also used to control laser module 1 and clamping workpiece support 3 in phase
The axis answered moves upwards；
Clamping workpiece support 3 is mounted in machine tool main body, and laser module 1 is mounted on the top of clamping workpiece support 3, control
Component 2 processed is connected with laser module 1, and numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 is filled with laser module 1, control assembly 2 and workpiece respectively
Support 3 is pressed from both sides to connect.
Above-mentioned multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment, the high-precision and high efficiency engraving for being able to achieve complex-curved surface add
Work, reduces the scrappage of workpiece, and improves the degree of automation of laser processing.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, laser module 1 includes laser, is mounted on laser emitting position
The switch opened or closed for focusing the focus device of laser beam and for controlling laser, numerically-controlled machine tool and switch phase
Even, opening or closing and by switch control laser.In the present embodiment, using focus lamp as focus device, by poly-
Burnt mirror acts on workpiece to be added after being focused the laser beam that laser generates, can preferably achieve the effect that engraving.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, laser is single mode solid picosecond laser, and single mode solid picosecond swashs
The pulse wavelength of light device can be 1064nm, 532nm or 355nm, and the range of mean power is 10W to 100W.Single mode solid skin
Second laser processing is known as optics cold working, and heat affected area is small, few to material additional damage.And in the effect of picosecond laser
Under, smooth cut is smooth, and pattern hole back gauge minimum is up to 0.15mm, working depth 0.5mm.As disposable embodiment party
Formula, laser can also be optical fiber laser, and optionally, the wavelength of single mode fiber laser can be 1064nm or 1080nm,
Mean power is 10W to 3000W.The output port of optical fiber laser can be arbitrarily bent, and flexibility ratio is high, may be implemented to processing
The more flexible engraving in surface.But the present invention does not limit the type of laser, and convertiblely, laser can also be same
It can achieve the purpose that the other kinds of laser for emitting laser.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, control assembly 2 includes for controlling laser module 1 in vertical space
The elevating mechanism of upper movement, elevating mechanism are connect with laser module 1.Preferably, elevating mechanism can be guide rail slide unit.Pass through
Guide rail slide unit controls laser module 1 and carries out position adjustment, and the distance of the adjustment is needed according to the curved surface Level Change of workpiece to be added
It is noted that apparent height is different when workpiece to be added is one complex-curved, in process, need to protect
Card focus lamp Distance surface tangent line height is a fixed value, which is focus lamp focal length.So that when each circle is processed
Focus lamp focal length it is consistent, to guarantee that precision when processing each circle in process is consistent, can preferably reach carving
Carve the effect of processing.
As disposable embodiment, elevating mechanism can also be the linear motor for being equipped with digital display grating rule, control and swash
Light device module 1 moves on vertical space；In addition, elevating mechanism can also for by servo motor and screw combinations at displacement
Platform.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the angle information rotated using coding disk real-time detection clamping workpiece support 3, specifically
Ground, coding disk is mountable on servo motor, and as motor rotates, two grating circles mutually rotate inside coding disk, obtains work
The angle information that part clamping support 3 rotates, and the electronic impulse information including the angle information is exported to numerically-controlled machine tool module 4.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, clamping workpiece support 3 includes rotary shaft, and rotary shaft is to be added for connecting
Work workpiece, and workpiece to be processed is driven to rotate.In actual operation, workpiece to be processed is mounted on clamping workpiece by rotary shaft
It on support 3, and is rotated under the action of rotary shaft, and realizes that the engraving of different parts adds as unit of enclosing by rotation
Work avoids work piece from needing repeated removal to complete entire Carving Machining, makes process is more convenient to avoid repetition and tear open
Bring error is unloaded, the automation of laser process equipment is improved.
Embodiment 2
With above-described embodiment correspondingly, the present embodiment provides a kind of processing method of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment,
The following steps are included:
S1: to be processed information of the setting comprising processing point in numerically-controlled machine tool module 4；
S2: numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 control clamping workpiece support 3 at the uniform velocity rotated on C axis by setting speed, according to
Machining information control clamping workpiece support 3 is moved to the position that need to be processed in X-axis and Y-axis；
S3: the angle information of 4 real-time detection clamping workpiece support 3 of numerically-controlled machine tool module rotation, when clamping workpiece support 3
When angle information meets the processing point in information to be processed, numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 controls laser module 1 and opens work, produces
Raw laser beam is carved to machined part, to realize that a certain circle to workpiece is processed；
S4: numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 adjusts position of the clamping workpiece support 3 in X-axis and Y-axis, and control assembly 2 adjusts laser
Position of the device module 1 on Z axis returns to S3 and continues to process, until processing entire workpiece to be added.
It should be noted that needing to carry out pre-treatment step are as follows: obtained according to processing drawing comprising the to be added of processing point
Work information (that is, processing drawing is resolved into lattice information as information to be processed), by the information input numerically-controlled machine tool to be processed
In module 4.
Clamping workpiece support 3 is controlled as the present embodiment preferred embodiment, in S2 at the uniform velocity to be revolved by setting speed
It is further comprised the steps of: before turning
Numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 controls clamping workpiece support 3 and accelerates to setting speed with certain acceleration, in the present embodiment,
The control clamping workpiece support 3 of numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 accelerates to setting speed can be to avoid clamping workpiece support 3 moment quick rotation
And the troubles such as damage device are brought, the service life of device can be extended.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, which further includes for real-time detection work
The coding disk for the angle information that part clamping support 3 rotates, numerically-controlled machine tool module 4 pass through coding disk real-time detection clamping workpiece support
One circumference (360 °), in the present embodiment, using 20 encoders, is divided into 2 20 power parts by the angle informations of 3 rotations, essence
Exactness is high.In addition, it is worth noting that, since workpiece at the uniform velocity rotates always, after often processing a circle, numerically-controlled machine tool module 4
Position of the clamping workpiece support 3 in X-axis and Y-axis is adjusted, to carry out next circle processing, in order to guarantee the essence in each circle processing
Degree is consistent, and the initial processing point in clearly each circle, defines a zero point angle by coding disk, by adding in zero point angle
Initial processing point of the work point as each circle, during the Carving Machining of each circle, all since initial processing point.
Above-mentioned processing method, high degree of automation can save a large amount of labour costs, and carve precision height, machining accuracy
For 0.002mm, the rejection rate of product is made to decline at least 90%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment, including machine tool main body, which is characterized in that further include:
Laser module (1), for generating laser beam；
Control assembly (2) moves in vertical direction for controlling the laser module (1)；
Clamping workpiece support (3), the workpiece to be processed for clamping, be also used to control workpiece rotation and in the horizontal direction
Movement；
The direction that vertically moves of the laser module (1) is divided into Z axis for dividing axial direction by numerically-controlled machine tool module (4),
Horizontal direction where the clamping workpiece support (3) is divided into X-axis, the interior direction perpendicular to the X-axis of plane is Y-axis,
The direction that workpiece rotates is divided into C axis；The numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) be also used to control the laser module (1) and
The clamping workpiece support (3) moves upwards in corresponding axis；
The clamping workpiece support (3) is mounted in the machine tool main body, and the laser module (1) is mounted on the workpiece dress
The top of support (3) is pressed from both sides, the control assembly (2) is connected with the laser module (1), the numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) point
It is not connect with the laser module (1), the control assembly (2) and the clamping workpiece support (3).
2. multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser module (1) packet
Include laser, be mounted on the laser emitting position for focus laser beam focus device and for control it is described swash
The switch that light device opens or closes, the numerically-controlled machine tool is connected with the switch, and passes through laser described in the switch control
Open or close.
3. multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the laser is single mode solid
Picosecond laser, impulse wave a length of 1064nm, 532nm or 355nm of the single mode solid picosecond laser, the model of mean power
It encloses for 10W to 100W.
4. multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the laser is single mode optical fiber
Laser, the wavelength of the single mode fiber laser are 1064nm or 1080nm, and mean power is 10W to 3000W.
5. multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control assembly (2) includes
The elevating mechanism moved in vertical direction for controlling the laser module (1), the elevating mechanism and the laser
Module (1) connection.
6. multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the elevating mechanism is sliding for guide rail
Platform.
7. multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clamping workpiece support (3)
Including rotary shaft, the rotary shaft drives the workpiece to be processed to rotate for connecting workpiece to be processed.
8. a kind of processing method applied to any multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment of the claims 1-7, feature
It is, comprising the following steps:
S1: to be processed information of the setting comprising processing point in numerically-controlled machine tool module (4)；
S2: numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) control clamping workpiece support (3) is at the uniform velocity rotated on C axis by setting speed, according to institute
It states information control clamping workpiece support (3) to be processed and is moved to the position that need to be processed in X-axis and Y-axis；
S3: the angle information of numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) real-time detection clamping workpiece support (3) rotation, when clamping workpiece support (3)
Angle information when meeting the processing point in information to be processed, numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) controls laser module (1) and opens work
Make, generate laser beam and carved to machined part, to realize that a certain circle to workpiece is processed；
S4: numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) adjusts the position of clamping workpiece support (3) in X-axis and Y-axis, and control assembly (2) adjustment swashs
Position of the light device module (1) on Z axis returns to S3 and continues to process, until processing entire workpiece to be added.
9. processing method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the S2, numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) control
Clamping workpiece support (3) further comprise the steps of: before at the uniform velocity rotating by setting speed on C axis
Numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) controls clamping workpiece support (3) and accelerates to the setting speed with certain acceleration.
10. processing method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the multi-axis numerical control laser process equipment further includes
The coding disk of angle information for real-time detection clamping workpiece support (3) rotation, the numerically-controlled machine tool module (4) pass through described
Code-disc obtains the angle information of clamping workpiece support (3) rotation.
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| CN115178888A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-10-14 | 张家港九霞激光设备有限公司 | Automatic focusing device for laser marking machine |
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Application publication date: 20190419 |
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