Lumbar vertebra anesthesia auxiliary positioning device for surgical operation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a lumbar anesthesia auxiliary positioning device for surgical operations.
Background
Lumbar anesthesia, called lumbar anesthesia for short, is characterized in that local anesthetic is injected into subarachnoid space through lumbar space to block nerve roots at the part, and the space is communicated with ventricles of brain, so that the excessive rise of an anesthesia plane can cause paralysis of a medulla oblongata life center to cause sudden cardiac arrest of respiration. In case of lumbar anesthesia, it is usually accompanied by blood pressure decrease due to blockage of sympathetic nerve, and can be prevented by ephedrine. In addition, the dura mater is punctured, so that cerebrospinal fluid leaks, pressure is reduced, and headache after anesthesia is easy to occur. The specific gravity of the liquid medicine and the body position of the patient influence the level of the liquid medicine, and if the medicine is dissolved by the discharged cerebrospinal fluid, the specific gravity is higher than that of the cerebrospinal fluid.
In the prior art, a kirschner wire is generally adopted for positioning, then the puncture is carried out by bare hand under fluoroscopy, and the puncture point and the puncture angle are required to be manually adjusted under repeated right-side fluoroscopy, so that the puncture difficulty is high, the accuracy is not high, and the radiation quantity of operators and patients is increased. The existing positioning guide device has some defects in design, and some devices can only be positioned in a right position; some guide devices cannot be fixed and can move to cause positioning deviation in use, and some guide devices are fixed on bone substances and are wound-fixed, so that the wound of a patient is increased. Therefore, the lumbar anesthesia auxiliary positioning device for the surgical operation is provided, the positioning can be performed quickly, the guiding is accurate, the puncture accuracy can be greatly improved, the operation time is shortened, and the X-ray dosage of an operator and a patient is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the lumbar anesthesia auxiliary positioning device for the surgical operation, which is accurate in positioning, safe and efficient.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an auxiliary positioning device for lumbar anesthesia in surgical operation comprises a base box, a workbench, a human body supporting assembly, a guide assembly and a control device; a power supply device is arranged in the base box; the workbench is arranged at the upper end of the base box, and a sliding groove is formed in the side surface of the workbench; the human body supporting component comprises an arc-shaped supporting plate, a connecting plate, a supporting plate and an adjusting component; the guide assembly comprises a first telescopic rod, a second telescopic rod and a guide frame body; the control device comprises a controller and a touch screen; the arc-shaped supporting plate is movably hinged to the middle of the workbench, the connecting plate is hinged to the arc-shaped supporting plate, the supporting plate is hinged to the connecting plate, and the adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the heights of the arc-shaped supporting plate and the supporting plate; the device comprises a first telescopic rod, a second telescopic rod, a guide frame body, a positioning rod, an anesthesia catheter and a fixing device, wherein the first telescopic rod is vertically arranged, a movable sliding block is arranged at the lower end of the first telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is movably connected with a sliding groove through the movable sliding block, a shaft sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the first telescopic rod, the second telescopic rod is horizontally arranged on the shaft sleeve, the guide frame body is a rectangular frame, the short side of the guide frame body is rotatably connected with the second telescopic rod, the upper surfaces of two short sides of the guide frame body are provided with arc-shaped guide frames, the arc-shaped guide frames are provided with guide grooves, the positioning rod is arranged between the two arc-shaped guide frames and; the controller is connected with the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, and the touch screen is connected with the controller; the power supply device provides power for the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod.
Further, the adjusting component comprises a fixed sleeve, a first adjusting rod, a second adjusting rod and a telescopic pull rod, the fixed sleeve is arranged on the lower surface of the workbench and is positioned at the lower end of the supporting plate, the first adjusting rod is movably clamped on the fixed sleeve and extends into the fixed sleeve, a first gear is arranged on the first adjusting rod positioned in the fixed sleeve, threaded sleeves are arranged on the supporting plate and the arc-shaped supporting plate, the other end of the first adjusting rod is movably connected with the supporting plate through the threaded sleeves, the second adjusting rod is movably clamped on the fixed sleeve and extends into the fixed sleeve, a second gear is arranged on the second adjusting rod positioned in the fixed sleeve, the other end of the second adjusting rod is movably connected with the arc-shaped supporting plate through the threaded sleeves, the telescopic pull rod is arranged in the fixed sleeve, a rotating motor is arranged at the joint of the telescopic pull rod and the fixed sleeve, and a double-, the double-sided gear is respectively meshed with the first gear and the second gear; through operating the touch screen, the controller controls the telescopic pull rod to stretch out and draw back, so that the double-faced gear is meshed with the first gear or the second gear, the rotating motor is started to drive the first gear or the second gear to rotate, the first adjusting rod or the second adjusting rod is driven to rotate, and the height adjustment of the supporting plate or the arc-shaped supporting plate is realized.
Further, the one end of locating lever extends to the arc leading truck outside, and the extension of locating lever is provided with twist grip, the locating lever middle part is provided with the level respectively and leads to groove and vertical logical groove, the joint has the adjustable ring on the locating lever, inside fixed block and the threaded rod of being provided with of locating lever, the fixed block leads to groove activity joint with the level, and be provided with the pressure spring between fixed block and the locating lever, threaded rod and adjustable ring threaded connection, and the tip and the fixed block of threaded rod are connected, the anesthesia pipe sets up on the fixed block, and the anesthesia pipe runs through vertical logical groove, adjust the angle of locating lever in vertical side through rotatory handle, make the threaded rod promote the fixed block to lead to the inslot removal in the level.
Further, the upper surface of workstation is provided with the protection cushion, and the protection cushion is located arc backup pad rear end, forms the protection to patient's shank, avoids anesthesia time overlength to lead to patient's shank spasm.
Further, arc backup pad and layer board surface all are provided with the heating pad, and the anesthesia in-process, the heating pad heats arc backup pad and layer board, avoids arc backup pad and layer board temperature to hang down excessively, makes the patient produce uncomfortable sense, influences the anesthesia effect.
Further, fixed jack catch is arc elasticity jack catch, and fixed jack catch is provided with the locking bolt with arc leading truck junction, and the inside elasticity that is provided with of fixed jack catch resets the board, and fixed jack catch inboard is provided with anti-skidding elastic bulge, uses fixed jack catch to fix patient's waist and guide frame body, and the work of anesthesia of being convenient for goes on, has effectively avoided the anesthesia in-process, and patient's health position takes place to rock, and the anaesthesia device leads to the fact the injury to the patient.
Furthermore, a locking block is arranged on the movable sliding block and used for fixing the movable sliding block on the sliding groove, so that the device is prevented from moving in the anesthesia process.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the device is used, a patient lies on the human body supporting assembly, the controller controls the telescopic pull rod to stretch and retract by operating the touch screen, so that the double-sided gear is meshed with the first gear or the second gear, the rotating motor is started to drive the first gear or the second gear to rotate, the first adjusting rod or the second adjusting rod is further driven to rotate, and the heights of the supporting plate and the arc-shaped supporting plate are adjusted to proper positions; the controller controls the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod to work by operating the touch screen, so that the guide frame body is positioned right above the back of a patient, the patient and the guide frame body are fixed through the fixed clamping jaws, and the movable sliding block is locked through the locking block; the angle of the positioning rod in the vertical direction is adjusted by rotating the handle, the threaded rod pushes the fixing block to move in the horizontal through groove by rotating the adjusting ring, and the angle of the anesthesia catheter is finely adjusted; puncture anesthesia is carried out on the patient through an anesthesia catheter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has simple structure, fixes the patient and the guide frame body by using the fixing clamping jaws, belongs to non-invasive fixation, can ensure stable operation, and avoids positioning and guiding deviation caused by the position movement of the guide device; the guide frame body, the fixing claws and the positioning rods act together, so that errors caused by the change of the body position of the patient are avoided; the puncture can be realized when the puncture path is not consistent with the axis of the vertebral pedicle, for example, the puncture is performed when the vertebral body is formed, and the puncture is inclined from the rear upper part of the vertebral pedicle to the front lower part of the vertebral body; the positioning is accurate and stable, the irradiation times of X-rays are reduced, the operation time is shortened, the puncture can be performed at multiple positions after the positioning, the operation efficiency is high, the operation difficulty of the operation is reduced, the pain of a patient is reduced, and the success rate of the operation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an external structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the adjustment assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the guide frame of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a locating bar of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the fixing block and the anesthetic tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the fixing jaw of the present invention;
wherein, 1-base box, 2-workbench, 20-sliding groove, 21 protective soft cushion, 3-human body supporting component, 30-arc supporting plate, 31-connecting plate, 32-supporting plate, 33-adjusting component, 330-fixed sleeve, 331-adjusting rod I, 332-adjusting rod II, 333-telescopic pull rod, 334-gear I, 335-gear II, 336-rotating motor, 337-double-sided gear, 4-guiding component, 40-first telescopic rod, 41-second telescopic rod, 42-guiding frame body, 43-moving slide block, 430-locking block, 44-shaft sleeve, 45-arc guiding frame, 450-guiding groove, 46-positioning rod, 460-rotating handle, 461-horizontal through groove, 462-vertical through groove, 463-adjusting ring, 464-fixing block, 465-threaded rod, 47-anesthetic tube, 48-fixing claw, 480-locking bolt and 481 elastic reset plate.
Detailed Description
Example (b): fig. 1 shows a lumbar anesthesia auxiliary positioning device for surgical operation, which comprises a base box 1, a workbench 2, a human body supporting component 3, a guiding component 4 and a control device; a power supply device is arranged in the base box 1; the workbench 2 is arranged at the upper end of the base box 1, a sliding groove 20 is arranged on the side surface of the workbench 2, a protective soft cushion 21 is arranged on the upper surface of the workbench 2, and the protective soft cushion 21 is positioned at the rear end of the arc-shaped supporting plate 30;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the human body supporting assembly 3 comprises an arc-shaped supporting plate 30, a connecting plate 31, a supporting plate 32 and an adjusting assembly 33; the arc-shaped supporting plate 30 is movably hinged at the middle part of the workbench 2, the connecting plate 31 is hinged with the arc-shaped supporting plate 30, the supporting plate 32 is hinged with the connecting plate 31, the adjusting component 33 comprises a fixed sleeve 330, an adjusting rod I331, an adjusting rod II 332 and a telescopic pull rod 333, the fixed sleeve 330 is arranged at the lower surface of the workbench 2 and is positioned at the lower end of the supporting plate 32, the adjusting rod I331 is movably clamped on the fixed sleeve 330, the adjusting rod I331 extends into the fixed sleeve 330, a gear I334 is arranged on the adjusting rod I331 positioned in the fixed sleeve 330, both the supporting plate 32 and the arc-shaped supporting plate 30 are provided with threaded sleeves, the other end of the adjusting rod I331 is movably connected with the supporting plate 32 through the threaded sleeves, the adjusting rod II 332 is movably clamped on the fixed sleeve 330, the adjusting rod II 332 extends into the fixed sleeve 330, the other end of the second adjusting rod 332 is movably connected with the arc-shaped supporting plate 30 through a threaded sleeve, the telescopic pull rod 333 is arranged inside the fixed sleeve 330, a rotating motor 336 is arranged at the joint of the telescopic pull rod 333 and the fixed sleeve 330, a double-faced gear 337 is arranged at the other end of the telescopic pull rod 333, the double-faced gear 337 is respectively meshed and connected with the first gear 334 and the second gear 335, and heating pads are arranged on the surfaces of the arc-shaped supporting plate 30 and the supporting plate 32;
as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the guiding assembly 4 comprises a first telescopic rod 40, a second telescopic rod 41 and a guiding frame 42; the first telescopic rod 40 is vertically arranged, a movable sliding block 43 is arranged at the lower end of the first telescopic rod 40, the first telescopic rod 40 is movably connected with the sliding groove 20 through the movable sliding block 43, a locking block 430 is arranged on the movable sliding block 43, the locking block 430 is used for fixing the movable sliding block 43 on the sliding groove 20, a shaft sleeve 44 is arranged at the upper end of the first telescopic rod 40, the second telescopic rod 41 is horizontally arranged on the shaft sleeve 44, the guide frame body 42 is a rectangular frame, the short side of the guide frame body 42 is rotatably connected with the second telescopic rod 41, arc-shaped guide frames 45 are arranged on the upper surfaces of the two short sides of the guide frame body 42, a guide groove 450 is arranged on each arc-shaped guide frame 45, a positioning rod 46 is arranged between the two arc-shaped guide frames 45, the positioning rod 46 is movably connected with the two arc-shaped guide frames 45 through the guide groove 450, an anesthesia catheter 47 is vertically and, one end of the positioning rod 46 extends to the outside of the arc-shaped guide frame 45, a rotating handle 460 is arranged at the extending section of the positioning rod 46, a horizontal through groove 461 and a vertical through groove 462 are respectively arranged at the middle part of the positioning rod 46, an adjusting ring 463 is clamped on the positioning rod 46, a fixed block 464 and a threaded rod 465 are arranged inside the positioning rod 46, the fixed block 464 is movably clamped with the horizontal through groove 461, a pressure spring is arranged between the fixed block 464 and the positioning rod 46, the threaded rod 465 is in threaded connection with the adjusting ring 463, the end part of the threaded rod 465 is connected with the fixed block 464, an anesthesia conduit 47 is arranged on the fixed block 464, the anesthesia conduit 47 penetrates through the vertical through groove 462, the fixed jaw 48 is an arc-shaped elastic jaw, a locking bolt 480 is arranged at the joint of the fixed jaw 48 and the arc-;
as shown in fig. 1, the control device includes a controller and a touch screen; the controller is connected with the first telescopic rod 40 and the second telescopic rod 41, and the touch screen is connected with the controller; the power supply device provides power for the first telescopic rod 40 and the second telescopic rod 41.
When the device is used, a patient lies on the human body supporting component 3, the controller controls the telescopic pull rod 333 to stretch and retract by operating the touch screen, so that the double-sided gear 337 is meshed with the first gear 334 or the second gear 335, the rotating motor 336 is started to drive the first gear 334 or the second gear 335 to rotate, the first adjusting rod 331 or the second adjusting rod 332 is further driven to rotate, and the heights of the supporting plate and the arc-shaped supporting plate are adjusted to proper positions; by operating the touch screen, the controller controls the first telescopic rod 40 and the second telescopic rod 41 to work, so that the guide frame body 42 is positioned right above the back of the patient, the patient and the guide frame body 42 are fixed through the fixed claws 48, and the movable sliding block 43 is locked through the locking block 430; the angle of the positioning rod 46 in the vertical direction is adjusted by rotating the handle 460, and the threaded rod 465 pushes the fixing block 464 to move in the horizontal through slot 461 by rotating the adjusting ring 463, so as to finely adjust the angle of the anesthesia catheter 47; puncture anesthesia is carried out on the patient through an anesthesia catheter.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.