CN109641060A - 白藜芦醇增溶制品 - Google Patents
白藜芦醇增溶制品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109641060A CN109641060A CN201780049880.3A CN201780049880A CN109641060A CN 109641060 A CN109641060 A CN 109641060A CN 201780049880 A CN201780049880 A CN 201780049880A CN 109641060 A CN109641060 A CN 109641060A
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- Prior art keywords
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- solubilising
- product
- resveratrol
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- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种由白藜芦醇、聚山梨酯80和聚山梨酯20以及至少一种中链甘油三酯所组成的增溶剂。
Description
本发明涉及白藜芦醇增溶制品。
白藜芦醇为具有抗氧化性的植物抗毒素,并且其为多酚。该物质存在于(例如)葡萄中,其在红葡萄的皮中的含量相对较大,但是也存在于覆盆子、桑葚、李子、花生以及日本两耳草。也可从葡萄藤中分离出白藜芦醇。根据在线百科全书“维基百科”的词条,由体外研究得到的一些证据证实,白藜芦醇可能有抗癌细胞的功效,并且对诸如动脉硬化、心脏病、阿尔茨海默病、关节炎和一些免疫学疾病存在有益效果。
根据29/2007公布的“Pharmazeutische Zeitung Online”中的报告,白藜芦醇的抗氧化功效不仅仅在保护血管方面具有重要作用。脑部作为尤其富含脂质的器官,当其暴露于过量的氧化应激下时也会受损。因此,在对大鼠进行的一些体内研究中,证实了白藜芦醇能够穿过血-脑屏障的神经保护效果。最新研究甚至表明,白藜芦醇直接促进了对β-淀粉样蛋白的处理,其中β-淀粉样蛋白是引起阿尔茨海默氏老年性痴呆的致病因素。
除了氧化应激以外,低水平慢性炎症也是加速老化的因素。根据上述报道,促使促炎细胞因子产生的细胞内信号传导途径涉及核因子κB(NFκ-b)。该因子可以被通过众多刺激(UV照射、细菌毒素)激活,然后其迁移至细胞核中,并且在细胞核内引发各种炎性酶的基因表达。NFκ-b越来越多地被视为与氧化和炎性过程相关的关键转换点。在体外条件下,白藜芦醇抑制NFκ-b的核转位,从而防止了促炎介质的产生中的最重要的机制之一。
白藜芦醇的多种功效中的一种是这种物质所特有的。在各种生物体中,白藜芦醇具有与持续热量限制(CR)相同的寿命延长效果。因此,其为一种CR模拟物。
同样地,根据Nathan Gray“Resveratrol could enhance exerciseperformance”(2012.6.20,www.nutraingredients.com/content/view/print/648l55),在各种生物体中的进一步研究表明,白藜芦醇具有对抗癌症和糖尿病的作用以及阿尔兹海默症保护作用,并具有抗炎性质和有益的心血管作用。
然而,已知的白藜芦醇制剂的一个问题是,由于患者体内与吸收和肝脏代谢相关的因素,这些制剂显示出了非常低的血药浓度。已经认识到,通过将白藜芦醇在摄入之前微粉化,能够提高生物利用度。为了提高药物循环水平,已知除了白藜芦醇外还添加其他成分()以形成载体系统(例如乳剂或脂质体)可提供一些益处。然而虽然白藜芦醇溶解于亲脂相中,并且在乳剂中的水性环境中作为液滴的形式是稳定的,但是白藜芦醇可保留在脂质体中的磷脂层中。与天然形式相比,这可用于提高生物利用度,但是这种类型的制剂(例如脂质体)在机械上非常不稳定,并且对于胃中占主导的环境并不耐受。
此外,对于在膳食补充剂和饮料中的应用,不利的是:已知制剂是不透明的,并且不能制得澄清的水溶液。
本发明的目的是提供用于口服施用的足够稳定的制剂。具体而言,本发明的目的是形成用于白藜芦醇的制剂,其中白藜芦醇具有适当的生物利用度,使得与所需摄入的天然白藜芦醇的量相比摄入量大幅降低。本发明的一个目的是通过恰当的制剂优化白藜芦醇的吸收。此外,本发明的一个目的是在相应的最终产品(如食品和膳食补充剂)中实现白藜芦醇的稳定均匀的微细分布。
本发明提供了白藜芦醇胶束制剂,基于该制剂,可确定获得了显著高于天然白藜芦醇的生物利用度。本发明提供了这样的增溶制品,该增溶制品由白藜芦醇、聚山梨酯80和聚山梨酯20的混合物、以及至少一种中链甘油三酯组成。
通过该增溶制品,根据本发明的制剂形成了载有白藜芦醇的胶束。
令人惊讶的是,已显示仅使用聚山梨酯80或仅使用聚山梨酯20并不能得到所期望的稳定胶束,所期望的稳定胶束即使在胃中所存在的强酸性条件下仍保持稳定,并且在通过小肠壁吸收之后向生物体释放白藜芦醇。只有当本发明人使用这两种乳化剂与至少一种中链甘油三酯的组合时,才能形成具有所述稳定胶束的增溶制品。
中链甘油三酯(MCT)为包含中链脂肪酸的甘油三酯。中链脂肪酸包括己酸、辛酸、癸酸和月桂酸。这些中链脂肪酸为饱和脂肪酸,其存在于热带植物脂肪中,如椰子油和棕榈仁油。在乳脂中也存在少量的这些物质。自然界中并不存在纯MCT油,但是可通过合成获得纯MCT油。在本发明范围内,可独立使用MCT或使用不同MCT的混合物作为中链甘油酸酯。
本发明创造了机会以制备在胶束中具有高载量白藜芦醇的白藜芦醇制剂,而这些胶束在用水稀释中时不会破裂打开并释放白藜芦醇作为沉淀物。
在本发明的范围内,根据本发明的增溶制品中白藜芦醇的含量可为不同的值,并且可为非常高的值,而不会使胶束不稳定。增溶制品的优选实施方案中白藜芦醇的含量在3重量%至15重量%的范围内,尤其优选在5重量%至10重量%的范围内,尤其为10重量%。
根据本发明的增溶制品中由聚山梨酯20和聚山梨酯80构成的乳化剂混合物的量在约65重量%至约95重量%的范围内,尤其在约70重量%至约92重量%的范围内,尤其优选的是,乳化剂混合物的含量为约71.8重量%。
在一种有利的改进中,增溶制品中至少一种中链甘油三酯的含量在至少约2重量%至约8重量%的范围内,尤其在约3重量%至约5重量%的范围内,由此至少一种中链甘油三酯的比例(MCT的比例)优选为约4.5重量%。
令人惊讶的是,通过向增溶制品中加入生育酚作为另外的成分,尤其是加入混合生育酚,则可以提高增溶制品的载药量。如果使用生育酚,则意想不到地发现可有利地提高至少一种中链甘油三酯的比例。当(例如)以混合生育酚的形式使用7.5重量%的生育酚时,MCT含量由4.0重量%提高至4.5重量%,这使得白藜芦醇的载药量由5重量%不成比例地升高至10重量%。
在本发明中,生育酚含量可改变,并且发现含量范围高达约10重量%是足够的。具体而言,根据本发明的增溶制品中生育酚的含量在约3重量%至约6重量%范围内,生育酚的比例优选为约5.25重量%。
根据具体应用领域,在本发明的范围内,可通过使用α-生育酚和/或β-生育酚和/或γ-生育酚和/或δ-生育酚,或者使用由α-生育酚、β-生育酚、γ-生育酚和δ-生育酚组成的混合生育酚,从而制造所述增溶制品。
与仅使用(例如)α-生育酚的情况相比,使用相同量的混合生育酚明显使根据本发明的增溶制品具有更高的抗氧化潜力。
除了生育酚之外,或者作为生育酚的替代物,本发明还可使用化学亲脂抗氧化剂。例如,可选择丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA;E320)、丁基羟基甲苯(BRT、E321)、没食子酸酯(E310至312)或具有活性成分鼠尾草酚和鼠尾草酸的迷迭香提取物(E392)。指定的所谓的“E数字”是指由欧盟批准的食品添加剂名单。
由于根据本发明的增溶制品中的胶束非常小,因此可获得澄清且持久透明的产品。另一有利因素是窄粒径分布,这是因为在pH 7和室温(即,在约18℃至约22℃的温度范围内),胶束的直径分布范围仅为约1nm至约25nm。具体而言,平均来说,约69.45体积%+/-0.55体积%的颗粒大于3.22nm+/-0.06nm,并且平均来说,约30.55体积%+/-0.55体积%的颗粒大于12.74nm+/-1.04nm。
在pH 1且温度为37℃的条件下,胶束的直径分布范围为约2nm至约900nm。具体而言,平均来说,约60.35体积%+/-1.25体积%的颗粒大于10.33nm+/-0.43nm,并且平均来说,约31.75体积%+/-9.15体积%的颗粒大于161.85nm+/-4.25nm。
由于粒径小,因此有利地实现了澄清液体的形成,尤其是用于人眼感知的澄清液体。
通过使用波长为780nm的激光,基于动态光散射原理测量具有上述特征的胶束粒径分布。利用ParticleMetrix NANOFLEX背散射粒径分析仪进行粒径测量。测量原理基于180°外差后向散射排列的动态光散射(DLS)。在这种几何结构中,部分激光束混入散射光中(外差技术)。由于样品中为200微米至300微米的短光路,因此后向散射对于吸收和高浓度的样品是有利的。外差技术对于信噪比和在100微米以下范围内的灵敏度有放大效果。
激光连接至光纤的Y分叉(Y fork)。在样品室的蓝宝石窗处部分反射的激光以及被样品背向散射的光返回至同一光纤内。位于Y分叉的第二分支中的检测器记录互相干扰的信号。快速傅里叶变换分析将波动散射光部分分解为频率相关的所谓的“功率谱”。各频率组分为Brown扩散常数,因此可分配至粒径。使用Stokes-Einstein方程式以转化为粒径分布:
该方程式关联了扩散常数D、玻耳兹曼常数k、温度T、介质的动态粘度η和颗粒直径dp。在测量装置中靠近样品处连接有温度传感器,其中样品位于蓝宝石窗附近。
用完全去离子水将各样品以1:10的比例稀释一次。为此,在搅拌的同时将增溶制品溶解于水中。其完全溶解于水中,并形成澄清溶液。该溶液稳定且透明。接下来,使用NANOFLEX以在30秒内测量三次,并计算测量值的平均值。
此外,将样品调节至pH 1,然后在37°且其他条件不变的情况下再次测量。这是模拟增溶制品通过胃时的生理条件。
由增溶制品的低浊度可明显证实其透明度。
如下可行的假设用于此目的:增溶性越好,则在pH值1.1且温度为37℃的条件下,增溶制品或白藜芦醇的其他制剂的水溶液越澄清。增溶性越好,则生物利用度越高。
增溶制品特别低的浊度已经证明了这一点,这可理解为生物利用度的一种特征参数。将本发明的增溶制品以1:50稀释于水中,根据ISO 7027标准的规定,通过利用红外光的散射光进行测定,测得根据本发明的增溶制品的浊度低于50FNU。
即使在21℃和pH 7的条件下储存24小时、和在37℃和pH 1.1的条件下储存1小时之后(即,在稀释水溶液中室温下储存的条件以及通过胃部时的条件),根据本发明的增溶制品仍保持其低浊度。因此,发明人目前了解到,在通过胃部之后,白藜芦醇仍以稳定且极小胶束的形式存在于根据本发明的增溶制品中,并且因此可在随后的消化道中被很好地摄取。
为了实验确定浊度,使用标准悬浮液校准浊度测量设备。因此,显示器并不显示测量的光强度,而是显示校准悬浮液的浓度。因此,在测量任何悬浮液时,显示器指示的是与标准悬浮液的显示浓度产生相同光散射的相应液体。福尔马肼(Formazine)为国际上定义的浊度参考标准。“FNU”,即“福尔马肼浊度单位”为最常见的单位之一。该单位用于(例如)根据ISO 7072标准的规定在90℃下测量的水处理中。
根据应用领域,在有利的实施方案中,本发明的增溶制品包含至少一种其他的多酚作为其他成分,尤其是槲皮素和/或儿茶素,其能够协同地支持白藜芦醇的效果。
在不存在上述赋形剂的情况下,根据本发明的透明且完全稳定的水溶性白藜芦醇制剂在无明胶胶囊(硬质和/或软质)和饮料或水性液体最终产品中以与pH无关的方式具有稳定的透明性,此外还具有显著提高的生物利用度。在胶囊填充以及用于创新产品的透明白藜芦醇饮料相关工业中,包含具有所述透明性和水溶性、并且尤其具有这种高水平的生物利用度的白藜芦醇制剂的制品是迫切需要的。据本发明人所知,满足这些要求的白藜芦醇制剂尚不存在。
通过利用所述特定制剂,与天然形式的白藜芦醇相比,本发明显著提高了生物利用度。
由于与天然形式相比,根据本发明的增溶制品中白藜芦醇的生物利用度显著提高,因此可降低使用者以口服施用每日服用的白藜芦醇的量。因此,显而易见的是,当(例如)服用200mg的本发明增溶制品中的白藜芦醇时,足以获得每日剂量为3,500mg天然白藜芦醇的效果。
原则上,增溶制品既可以外用的方式施用于皮肤、指甲和/或头发,也可以内服的方式摄入体内。可通过所有施用形式使用该增溶制品,尤其是以口服、经皮、静脉内或吸入方式施用该增溶制品或者包含该增溶制品的液体。
明显有利的是,由于根据本发明的增溶制品不会侵蚀胶囊,因此其能够容易地以口服胶囊的形式提供。因此,本发明还提供了填充有该增溶制品的胶囊,由此可作为软质明胶胶囊或硬质明胶胶囊、或者作为软质无明胶胶囊或作为硬质无明胶胶囊提供所述胶囊。
另一种给用形式为包含根据本发明的增溶制品的液体,这种液体可为食物、饮料、化妆品(尤其为乳膏、洗液或软膏)。具体而言,该液体可包含该增溶制品的稀释水溶液。根据本发明的增溶制品的液体的适用性与其粘度无关;同样地,可将该增溶制品引入亲水性或亲脂性介质中。
由于通过本发明的方式,使得与天然形式相比,可实现生物利用度的提升,因此与口服施用天然白藜芦醇相比,每日剂量有利地大幅降低。
下文中示出了根据本发明的增溶制品的示例性实施方案。
实施例1:白藜芦醇增溶制品
为了制造不含生育酚的增溶制品,使用了如下成分:
50g 白藜芦醇;
40g 中链甘油三酯;
840g 聚山梨酯80;和
70g 聚山梨酯20。
所使用的白藜芦醇为(反式)白藜芦醇,99%,商品名为resVIDA,由KoninklijkeDSM N.V.(荷兰,Heerlen)生产。
使用由Cognis GmbH(德国,Monheim)生产的MCT油Delios VK Kosher作为中链甘油三酯。
使用由Croda GmbH(德国,Nettetal)生产的Crillet 4/Tween 80-LQ-(SG)作为聚山梨酯80。
使用由Croda GmbH(德国,Nettetal)生产的Crillet 1/Tween 20-LQ-(SG)作为聚山梨酯20。
将聚山梨酯20和聚山梨酯80混合并加热至约50℃至约70℃范围内的温度。
在搅拌的同时,向温度在约50℃至约70℃范围内的聚山梨酯20和聚山梨酯80的混合物中加入MCT油,并将其均质化。
然后在搅拌的同时,向聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80和MCT油的混合物中加入白藜芦醇并加热至约83℃至约87℃的温度范围以使其均质化。在液体变得均匀且透明之后,将其冷却至低于约60℃的温度。
实施例2:包含混合生育酚的白藜芦醇增溶制品
为了制造增溶制品,仅使用了:
白藜芦醇为(反式)白藜芦醇,99%,CAS编号为501-36-0,由Bachem AG(瑞士,Bubendorf)生产。CAS编号为用于化学物质的国际参考标准。每个已知化学物质均具有独特的CAS编号。
使用由DHW Deutsche Hydrierwerke Rodleben GmbH(德国,Dessau-Roβlau)生产的MCT油(70/30)Rofetan GTCC 70/30(CAS编号为73-398-61-5)作为中链甘油三酯。
可使用商业制剂,例如TEGQ SMO 80V、Evonik或Crillet 4/Tween 80-LQ-(SG)(Croda GmbH,德国,Nettetal)作为聚山梨酯80(E433,CAS编号为9005-65-6)。
可使用商业制剂,例如TEGO SML 20V、Evonik或Crillet 1/Tween 20-LQ-(SG)(Croda GmbH,德国,Nettetal)作为聚山梨酯20(E432,CAS编号为9005-64-5)。
可使用由Vitae Caps S.A.(西班牙)生产的Vitapherole T-70 Non GMQ(溶于植物油中的70%混合生育酚)或由Nutrilo GmbH(德国,Cuxhaven)生产的EMix 70作为混合生育酚(E306,CAS编号59-02-9、16698-35-4、54-28-4和119-13-1)。
在搅拌的同时,在约18℃至约22℃的温度范围内,将聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80、混合生育酚和MCT油均质化。
然后在搅拌的同时,将白藜芦醇加入聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80、混合生育酚和MCT油的混合物中,并加热至约83℃至约87℃的温度范围以使其均质化。在液体变得均匀且透明之后,将其冷却至低于约30℃的温度。
所得增溶制品为浅棕色粘性液体,当用水将其以1:50的比例稀释时,得到黄色澄清溶液。根据HPLC分析,增溶制品中白藜芦醇含量为至少10重量%,由此白藜芦醇被包封在胶束中。根据量气计测量,在20℃的温度下,增溶制品的密度在1.05g/cm3至1.15g/cm3的范围内。增溶制品在1:50的水溶液中的浊度等于或小于50FNU。根据电位测定,所述溶液的pH值在6至8的范围内。
对本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是,本发明不局限于上述示例性实施方案,而是可以多种方式进行改变。具体而言,可将各示例性实施方案的特征相互组合或互换。
Claims (14)
1.一种增溶制品,其由以下物质组成:
白藜芦醇,和
聚山梨酯80和聚山梨酯20,以及
至少一种中链甘油三酯(MCT)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
所述白藜芦醇的比例在3重量%至15重量%的范围内,尤其优选在5重量%至10重量%的范围内,具体而言,其特征在于,所述白藜芦醇的比例为10重量%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
由聚山梨酯20和聚山梨酯80构成的乳化剂混合物的量在约65重量%至约95重量%的范围内,尤其在约70重量%至约92重量%范围内,由此由聚山梨酯20和聚山梨酯80构成的所述乳化剂混合物的比例优选为约71.8重量%。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
所述至少一种中链甘油三酯的量在至少约2重量%至约8重量%的范围内,尤其在约3重量%至约5重量%的范围内,由此所述至少一种中链甘油三酯的比例(MCT的比例)优选为约4.5重量%。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
该增溶制品包含作为其他成分的生育酚、尤其是混合生育酚。
6.根据权利要求5所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
根据本发明的增溶制品中的生育酚的含量在约3重量%至约6重量%的范围内,并且所述生育酚的比例优选为约5.25重量%。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
胶束的直径分布范围为约1nm至约25nm。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
将所述增溶制品在水中以1:50稀释,根据ISO 7027标准的规定,通过利用红外光的散射光进行测定,测得所述增溶制品的浊度低于50FNU。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
将所述增溶制品在水中以1:50稀释,在室温和pH 7的条件下储存24小时后,根据ISO7027标准的规定,通过利用红外光的散射光进行测定,测得所述增溶制品的浊度低于50FNU。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
将所述增溶制品在水中以1:50稀释,在37℃和pH 1.1的条件下储存1小时后,根据ISO7027标准的规定,通过利用红外光的散射光进行测定,测得所述增溶制品的浊度低于50FNU。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于:
该增溶制品包含作为其他成分的至少一种其他的多酚、尤其是槲皮素和/或儿茶素。
12.一种填充有根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的增溶制品的胶囊,其特征在于,
所述胶囊作为软质明胶胶囊或硬质明胶胶囊、或者作为软质无明胶胶囊或作为硬质无明胶胶囊提供。
13.一种液体,其包含根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的增溶制品,其特征在于,
所述液体选自包括食物、饮料和化妆品的组中。
14.根据权利要求13所述的液体,其特征在于,
所述液体包含所述增溶制品的稀释水溶液。
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