CN109633920A - A kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter - Google Patents
A kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109633920A CN109633920A CN201910040406.5A CN201910040406A CN109633920A CN 109633920 A CN109633920 A CN 109633920A CN 201910040406 A CN201910040406 A CN 201910040406A CN 109633920 A CN109633920 A CN 109633920A
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
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Abstract
A kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter, including phase converter and interference device;Phase converter is added in interference device, interference device first splits the light into light beam one and light beam two, and light beam one passes through phase converter, and light beam two again merges two-beam in the exit of interference device without phase converter.By changing phase converter introduced phase value and its disposing way, two exits corresponding can generate different phase differences, and it is related to Hermite-Gauss mode formula horizontal parameters m or vertical parameter n, the mode finally entered occurs from different outlets, realizes the beam splitting to Hermite-Gauss mode formula.The present invention is two characteristic parameters in the horizontal and vertical direction based on Hermite-Gauss mode formula, and any mode conversion does not occur, is separated in the case where lossless to mode;Whole process is not related to diffraction, and light is directly transmitted through device or is reflected, and can be considered general transmission or reflection optical device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical technical fields, are related to a kind of beam splitter of higher order laser transverse mode, and in particular to a kind of
Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter.
Background technique
Hermite-Gauss mode formula and Laguerre-Gaussian modes are two kinds of common laser transverse modes.Beam splitter is for handle
Zlasing mode is separated to the device of different spatial.Currently, Laguerre-Gaussian modes beamsplitter technologies are more mature, Hermitian-
The realization of gaussian model beam splitter then relative difficulty.Existing Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter scheme is first to be by Mode change
Laguerre-Gauss light realizes the beam splitting to Hermite-Gauss mode formula in conjunction with existing Laguerre-Gaussian modes beam splitter.This
Kind beam splitter is not the device for being directly applied for Ermy-Gaussian beam, thus structure is more complicated.It there is no one kind not occur so far
The beam splitter of the Hermite-Gauss mode formula of conversion.
There are two characteristic parameter m and n for Hermite-Gauss mode formula tool, and respectively corresponding two orthogonal directions, (level corresponds to m, vertically
It corresponds to n).In its intensity distribution, the speck number of the every a line of horizontal direction is equal to m+1, the speck of each column of vertical direction
Number is equal to n+1.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitters of non-mode transformation.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter, including phase converter and interference device;Phase converter is by two columns
Lens composition, two cylindrical lenses planes are opposite, coaxial placement, according to two cylindrical lenses curved surface status be divided into it is horizontal and
Vertical two kinds of disposing ways;Phase converter is added in interference device, interference device first splits the light into light beam one and light beam
Two, light beam one passes through phase converter, and light beam two merges two-beam in the exit of interference device without phase converter
Together;By changing the disposing way of phase converter introduced phase value and two cylindrical lenses, two exit phases
It is corresponding to generate different phase differences, and, that is, the mode that inputs related to Hermite-Gauss mode formula horizontal parameters m or vertical parameter n
Occur from different outlets, realizes the purpose of the beam splitting to Hermite-Gauss mode formula.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the distance between two cylindrical lenses d meets d=2sin in phase converter
(θ/2) f, wherein θ is the introduced phase value of phase converter, and value range is [0, π], and f is the focal length of cylindrical lenses.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that phase converter to be placed in the optical path one of MZ interferometer with horizontal disposing way
In, when the different Hermite-Gauss mode formula of input level mode parameter m value passes through phase converter, the phase value size of introducing
For (m+1/2) θ, to introduce phase difference related with horizontal parameters m between two optical paths of MZ interferometer;As θ=π, adjust
The light path of two optical paths is saved, so that being the Hermite-Gauss mode formula of even number for horizontal parameters m, total phase difference is 2 between two optical paths
π, then light occurs in the outlet of MZ interferometer one;It is the mode of odd number for horizontal parameters m, the phase difference introduced between two-arm is
π, then light occurs in outlet two, achievees the effect that the Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitting of different level parameter m value;
Similarly, phase converter is placed in the optical path one of MZ interferometer in a manner of vertical display, makes vertical parameter n value not
Same input light appears in the different outlets of interferometer, to realize dividing for the Hermite-Gauss mode formulas of different vertical parameter n values
Beam.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that phase converter to be placed in the light of Sagnac interferometer with horizontal disposing way
Lu Yizhong, it is corresponding to realize the effect of the Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitting of different level parameter m value;By phase converter with vertical
Disposing way is placed in the optical path one of Sagnac interferometer, then point of Hermite-Gauss mode formula is realized according to the value of vertical parameter n
Beam.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the beam splitting that the introduced phase value of phase converter and disposing way is different
Device is successively connected as multistage beam splitter, the separation of realization Hermite-Gauss mode formula.
A kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter loads phase converter in the form of phase Fresnel piece in spatial light
On modulator, 45 ° of polarizations are set by incident light, single polarization is modulated using reflective phase type spatial light modulator
Characteristic so that horizontal polarization composition in incident light passes through phase converter, vertical polarized component is without thus at two kinds
Phase difference related with mode parameter is introduced between polarized component;When the horizontal disposing way of phase converter and vertical pendulum will be represented
The grating for putting mode is loaded respectively when in spatial light modulator, then realizes the m value Hermite-Gauss mode formula different with n value respectively
Beam splitting.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1. compared to other Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitters, the present invention is based on the horizontal and vertical of Hermite-Gauss mode formula
Two characteristic parameters in direction do not occur any mode conversion, are separated in the case where lossless to mode;
2. present invention whole process is not related to diffraction, and light is directly transmitted through compared to existing Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter
Device is reflected, and can be considered general transmission or reflection optical device.
3. the function that the cylindrical lenses in the present invention are realized can be replaced completing by computer program simulation, focal length and micro-
Thin tail sheep numeralization and adjustable, therefore the good precision of whole device stability is high, and it is solid to get rid of optical device attribute (such as focal length)
Fixed constant limitation.
Further, there are many kinds of available interference devices, two beams are first splitted the light into principle, then two-beam is merged
Form together all meets design of the invention, such as Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, Sagnac interferometer.
Further, the beam splitting of any Hermite-Gauss mode formula may be implemented in reasonable cascading multiple stages beam splitter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 4 is that phase converter level puts schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is phase converter vertical display schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the light of the horizontal disposing way of corresponding phase converter of 3 spatial light modulator of embodiment of the present invention load
Grid figure.
Fig. 7 is the light of the corresponding phase converter vertical display mode of 3 spatial light modulator of embodiment of the present invention load
Grid figure.
Fig. 8 is cascade principle exemplary diagram of the invention.
In figure, 1 is light source, and 2 be beam splitter, and 3 be reflecting mirror, and 4 be cylindrical lenses, and 5 be polarization beam apparatus, and 6 be half-wave plate,
7 be spatial light modulator.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings..
Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter of the invention is made of phase converter and interference device two large divisions.
Phase converter is made of two cylindrical lenses, and plane is opposite, coaxial placement, according to its curved surface status point
For horizontal and vertical two kinds of disposing ways (such as Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), Hermite-Gauss mode formula is respectively corresponded when in use in the horizontal direction
Parameter m and vertical direction parameter n, i.e., be Hermitian-Gauss of m or n value for mode parameter using the two cylindrical lenses
Mould introduces the discrete phases such as π, pi/2, π/4.For two cylindrical lenses, the distance between they d is point of one group of special designing
Vertical value, meets d=2sin (θ/2) f, and wherein θ is the introduced phase of phase converter, and value range [0, π], f is that column is saturating
The focal length of mirror.
Above-mentioned phase converter is added in suitable interference device (as described in specific embodiment), as one complete
Whole beam splitter.The concrete form of suitable interference device has very much, but the principle of entire beam splitter can be attributed to interference
Device first splits the light into two beams, light beam one and light beam two, and light beam one passes through above-mentioned phase converter, and light beam two turns without phase
Parallel operation, then two-beam is merged, by adjusting the introduced phase value and its disposing way of phase converter, dry
Two exits for relating to device can generate different phase differences, and related to m or n, and final incident different mode is from different
Outlet occurs, that is, realizes the beam splitting to Hermite-Gauss mode formula.
The present invention is by m the and n parameter designing beam splitter based on Hermite-Gauss mode formula.The principle of the design is based on Hermitian-height
Two characteristic parameters of this mode theoretically may be implemented so being a kind of beam splitter for not generating additional conversion to mode
Lossless differentiation.
Phase converter is added according to the present invention in interference device to realize the principle of Hermite-Gauss mode differentiation, altogether
Devise three kinds of preferred embodiments.Hereinafter, will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings structure and the behaviour of these three exemplary implementing devices
Make.
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2,3 embodiments shown in Fig. 3, including light source 1, beam splitter 2, reflecting mirror 3, cylindrical lenses 4, partially
Shake beam splitter 5, half-wave plate 6 and spatial light modulator 7.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, phase converter to be placed in the optical path of Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer with horizontal disposing way
In one.MZ interferometer equivalent optical path caused by two optical routing paths, two-beam order of reflection of the difference outlet due to outgoing
Difference will cause different phase differences.At outlet one, the phase difference of two-beam is 0, therefore interferes and mutually grow;In outlet two
The phase difference at place, two-beam is π, therefore interferes cancellation.When mode parameter m different Hermite-Gauss mode formulas passes through phase
When converter, phase (m+1/2) θ can be introduced, to introduce phase related with mode parameter m between two optical paths of interferometer
Difference.As θ=π, the length of two optical paths is suitably adjusted, may make the Hermite-Gauss mode formula for mode parameter m for even number,
Total phase difference is 2 π between optical path, then light still occurs in outlet one;It is the mode of odd number, two optical paths for mode parameter m
Between the phase difference that introduces be π, then light occurs in outlet two.Just reach according to above-mentioned principle by Hermitian-Gauss of different m values
The effect of mode beam splitting.Similarly, if phase converter is placed in a manner of vertical display in the optical path one of MZ interferometer, these moulds
Formula can be appeared according to the parity of the value of vertical parameter n in the different outlets of interferometer, to realize different vertical ginsengs
The beam splitting of number n value Hermite-Gauss mode formula.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, phase converter is placed in the optical path one of Sagnac interferometer with horizontal disposing way, principle with
M-Z interferometer is identical, may be implemented the effect of the Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitting of different m values.Similarly, by phase converter with
Vertical display mode is placed in Sagnac interferometer, and the beam splitting of Hermite-Gauss mode formula can be realized according to the value of n.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment realizes interference using orthogonal polarization state, with two kinds of orthogonal polarisation state (usually water
Gentle vertical polarization) instead of two optical paths of interference device, then by phase converter as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 with Fresnel phase
The form of bit slice loads corresponding diagram 6 and Fig. 7 in spatial light modulator.45 are set by incident light°Polarization, utilization are reflective
(such as Holoeye Pluto-VIS-016 is only to level to the characteristic that single polarization is modulated for phase type spatial light modulator
Polarization is modulated) so that the horizontal polarization composition in incident light passes through phase converter, and vertical polarized component is then equivalent to
Without to introduce phase difference related with mode parameter between two kinds of polarized components.When phase converter water will be replaced
The grating of flat disposing way loads in spatial light modulator, and correspondence may be implemented the Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitting of different m values
Effect;Similarly, corresponding real when the grating of phase converter vertical display mode will be replaced to load in spatial light modulator
Now by the Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitting of different n values.
The cascade of beam splitter: the cascade structure by changing beam splitter, the side of putting including changing wherein phase converter
Formula and θ value are, it can be achieved that by the purpose of any Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitting.Principle and example are as follows:
1. as phase converter θ=π in beam splitter and level is put, then the Hermitian-that m parity is different can only be realized
Gaussian model separates;
2. just need to be horizontal pendulum by phase converter to separate m and n different Hermite-Gauss mode formulas simultaneously
Beam splitter and the phase converter for putting mode are cascaded for the beam splitter of vertical display mode, such as: in level-one beam splitter
Phase converter θ=π and level is put, the different Hermite-Gauss mode formula of m parity respectively appears in different outlets at this time.
Second level beam splitter is placed on after the outlet of level-one beam splitter, phase converter θ=π therein and vertical display, so just
The purpose for realizing while separating the different Hermite-Gauss mode formula of m with n parity;
3. just needing cascading multiple stages that there are different θ to separate the different Hermite-Gauss mode formula of m or n is finer
It is worth the beam splitter of phase converter, such as: phase converter θ=π and level in level-one beam splitter are put, and m is even number at this time
Mode export one, m be odd number mode outlet two.By phase converter θ=pi/2 and the horizontal beam splitter put is placed
After the outlet of level-one beam splitter one, so second level beam splitter exit just by be 4 integral multiple and not be 4 integral multiple
The Hermite-Gauss mode formula of even number m value be split.
Cascade process is specifically introduced by taking two-level concatenation as an example below: as shown in figure 8, with to HG00、HG01、HG10、HG11(under
For the system that footmark four kinds of modes of first digit representation parameter m, second digit representation parameter n) are split, in figureIndicate phase converter be horizontal placing direction and θ=π,Expression phase converter is vertical display direction
And θ=π.The first orderBeam splitter make HG00、HG01It is emitted from upper channel, HG10、HG11(lead to herein from lower channel outgoing
Road corresponds to the outlet of above-mentioned several interference devices).The second level is by twoBeam splitter composition, the first order is obtained
Two groups of further beam splitting of mode, finally make HG00、HG01、HG10、HG11The channel different from four is emitted.
Required interference device is not limited to above-mentioned several in the present invention, as long as interference device meets incident light point first
At two beams, light beam one and light beam two, the form for again merging two-beam through identical light path.
The foregoing is merely preferable implementation examples of the invention, are not intended to limit the invention, all of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within spirit and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter, which is characterized in that including phase converter and interference device;Phase converter
It is made of two cylindrical lenses, two cylindrical lenses planes are opposite, coaxial placement, according to two cylindrical lenses curved surface status
It is divided into horizontal and vertical two kinds of disposing ways;Phase converter is added in interference device, interference device first splits the light into light
Beam one and light beam two, light beam one pass through phase converter, and light beam two, will in the exit of interference device without phase converter
Two-beam merges;By changing the disposing way of the introduced phase value and two cylindrical lenses of phase converter, two
A exit is corresponding to generate different phase differences, and related to Hermite-Gauss mode formula horizontal parameters m or vertical parameter n, i.e.,
The mode of input occurs from different outlets, realizes the purpose of the beam splitting to Hermite-Gauss mode formula.
2. a kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two in phase converter
The distance between cylindrical lenses d meets d=2sin (θ/2) f, wherein θ is the introduced phase value of phase converter, value model
It encloses for [0, π], f is the focal length of cylindrical lenses.
3. a kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter according to claim 2, which is characterized in that by phase converter with water
Flat disposing way is placed in the optical path one of MZ interferometer, when the different Hermite-Gauss mode formula of input level mode parameter m value is passed through
When phase converter, the phase value size of introducing is (m+1/2) θ, to introduce between two optical paths of MZ interferometer and level
The related phase difference of parameter m;As θ=π, the light path of two optical paths is adjusted, so that being the Hermitian-of even number for horizontal parameters m
Gaussian model, total phase difference is 2 π between two optical paths, then light occurs in the outlet of MZ interferometer one;It is surprise for horizontal parameters m
Several modes, the phase difference introduced between two-arm are π, then light occurs in outlet two, are reached the strategic point of different level parameter m value
The effect of rice-gaussian model beam splitting;
Similarly, phase converter is placed in the optical path one of MZ interferometer in a manner of vertical display, keeps vertical parameter n value different
Input light appears in the different outlets of interferometer, to realize the beam splitting of the Hermite-Gauss mode formula of different vertical parameter n values.
4. a kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter according to claim 2, which is characterized in that by phase converter with water
Flat disposing way is placed in the optical path one of Sagnac interferometer, corresponding to realize the Hermite-Gauss mode formula of different level parameter m value
The effect of beam splitting;Phase converter is placed in a manner of vertical display in the optical path one of Sagnac interferometer, then according to vertical ginseng
The value of number n realizes the beam splitting of Hermite-Gauss mode formula.
5. a kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter according to claim 2, which is characterized in that drawn phase converter
The different beam splitter of the phase value and disposing way entered is successively connected as multistage beam splitter, the separation of realization Hermite-Gauss mode formula.
6. a kind of Hermite-Gauss mode formula beam splitter, which is characterized in that load phase converter in the form of phase Fresnel piece
In spatial light modulator, 45 ° of polarizations are set by incident light, using reflective phase type spatial light modulator to single polarization
The characteristic being modulated so that horizontal polarization composition in incident light passes through phase converter, vertical polarized component without, from
And phase difference related with mode parameter is introduced between two kinds of polarized components;When the horizontal disposing way of phase converter will be represented
It is loaded when in spatial light modulator respectively with the grating of vertical display mode, then realizes the m value Hermitian-different with n value respectively
The beam splitting of gaussian model.
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