CN109633591B - External radiation source radar double-base-distance positioning method under observation station position error - Google Patents
External radiation source radar double-base-distance positioning method under observation station position error Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-base-distance positioning method for an external radiation source radar under an observation station position error. According to the obtained double-base-distance measurement information, the intermediate variable is introduced to convert the nonlinear equation into a pseudo-linear equation, and a target position estimation model is established. And designing weight according to the double-base-distance measurement error and the observation station position error, and estimating by adopting an iterative weighted least square method. And then, a correlation least square estimation model is constructed by considering the correlation between the intermediate variable and the target position, and the target position estimation result is improved. The invention introduces auxiliary variables, reasonably converts the nonlinear measurement model into a pseudo-linear estimation model, and reduces the complexity of external radiation source positioning on the premise of ensuring the estimation performance. And optimizing the index weight according to the position error of the observation station and the double-base distance measurement noise design, thereby reducing the influence of the error on the target positioning performance and improving the target position estimation precision. The method and the device have the advantage that the positioning estimation of the target position is more accurate through two steps of iteration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of passive positioning of sensors, and particularly relates to a double-base-distance positioning method for an external radiation source radar under an observation station position error.
Background
The external radiation source radar utilizes a third-party non-cooperative signal source (such as a mobile phone communication signal, a television broadcast signal, enemy radar information and the like) as an opportunity radiation source of a target, and receives a signal emitted by a radiation source of the third party scattered by the target through an observation station (a receiving station) to realize the detection and the positioning of the target. Because the external radiation source radar does not emit electromagnetic signals, the external radiation source radar has the advantages of good concealment, strong anti-interference capability, wide monitoring range, low cost and the like. The external radiation source radar system is used as a sensor networking system with a double/multi-base structure, and positioning and tracking of a target are realized through data fusion processing.
In the practical application of an external radiation source radar system, an observation station is often installed on a satellite, an airplane, a naval vessel or a ground vehicle and other moving platforms, the position of the observation station cannot be accurately obtained, and estimation errors exist. Ignoring the sensor position deviation results in degraded target positioning performance. The passive positioning of the target by using the double-base-distance measurement of the external radiation source radar under the condition that the position of the observation station has errors is a key technology for data processing of the external radiation source radar system.
At present, a passive positioning method under the position error of an observation station mainly focuses on the research of the positioning problem of a target radiation source. A Wanding team of the information engineering institute of liberation provides an iterative positioning algorithm based on Taylor series aiming at the positioning problem of a target radiation source under the condition that the position error of an observation station is considered. A K.C.Ho team of the university of Missouri in America provides a two-step weighted least square estimation algorithm aiming at the problem of positioning of a target radiation source under the position error of an observation station. A naval engineering university Chenshaochang team provides an algorithm based on constrained total least square aiming at a target radiation source positioning problem under the condition of sensor position errors. Different from the positioning problem of a target radiation source, the external radiation source radar adopts a double/multiple base structure to obtain double base distance measurement. The target positioning is carried out by utilizing the double base distances, and the nonlinearity degree is increased. At present, most of external radiation source radar double-base-distance positioning problems do not consider the influence of observation station position errors. The invention provides a double-base-distance positioning method of an external radiation source radar under the position error of an observation station.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-base-distance positioning method of an external radiation source radar under an observation station position error, aiming at a multi-transmitting single-receiving external radiation source radar, and considering the influence of the observation station position error on the positioning performance. Constructing an intermediate variable, carrying out pseudo-linearization on a nonlinear double-base-distance equation to construct a linear estimation equation, designing weights according to a double-base-distance measurement error and an observation station position error, and obtaining optimal estimation by adopting an iterative weighted second-most-product estimation method. On the basis, the correlation between the intermediate variable and the target position is considered, and a correlation least square estimation method is designed, so that the target estimation performance is further improved.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, in a multi-shot single-shot external radiation source radar network (M external radiation sources and an observation station), external radiation source signals are reflected to the observation station through a target, and double-base-distance information is obtained;
step 2, introducing an intermediate variable into the double-base-distance measurement modelNeglecting the influence of measurement noise and observation station position error, converting the double-base-distance nonlinear equation intoThe equation Z is converted into a pseudo linear equation HX;
and 3, considering the influence of the measurement error and the position error of the observation station on the coefficient matrixes H and Z, extracting the H and Z noise components in the double-base-distance error pseudo-linear equation Z-HX, and constructing a pseudo-linear equation as follows:
1=Z1-H1X1=A1n+B1ΔSr
step 4, designing weights according to the position errors of the observation stations and the double-base distance measurement errors, and obtaining an estimated value of the target position by adopting a weighted least square estimation algorithm:
XWLS=(H1 TW1H1)-1H1 TW1Z1
and 5, on the basis of the estimation result, considering the correlation between the variables to be solved, and improving the estimation value in the step 4 by adopting a correlation least square estimation algorithm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by introducing an intermediate variable, a nonlinear double-base-distance measurement model is reasonably converted into a pseudo-linear estimation model, and a closed analytic solution of target position estimation is obtained.
2. And optimizing the index weight according to the position error of the observation station and the double-base distance measurement noise design, thereby reducing the influence of the error on the target positioning performance and improving the target position estimation precision.
3. And (4) considering the correlation between the intermediate variable and the variable to be solved, designing a correlation weighted least square algorithm, and further reducing the estimation error.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention designs an external radiation source radar double-base-distance positioning method under the position error of an observation station, which is used for positioning a target in a radar network system of an external radiation source by using double-base-distance information obtained by the observation station and comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the multi-emission single-emission external radiation source radar network, M external radiation sources and an observation station are included. The real position of the observation station is located at the originNominal position S of observation stationr=[x0,y0]TThen, thenΔSrIs the position error vector of the observation station and is assumed to be independent white Gaussian zero mean noise with covariance ofThe m-th emission source has a coordinate vector ofP targets, the coordinate vector of the P-th target beingA single observation station is used for receiving the difference between a reflection signal of an irradiated target from an external radiation source and a direct wave signal of the external radiation source to obtain double-base-distance information
Wherein, | | · | | is an euclidean distance; the number of emission sources is M, and the number of targets is P; u. ofm,pRepresenting the measured double-base distance of the target p by an external radiation source radar system consisting of the emission source m and the observation station; n ism,pExpressing the double-base distance measurement error of the target p measured by the external radiation source radar system consisting of the emission source m and the observation station, assuming nm,pIs independent white Gaussian zero mean noise with covariance of Qn。
Step 2: introducing intermediate variables into a double-base-distance measurement modelNeglecting the measurement noise nm,pAnd Δ SrThe above nonlinear equation (1) is converted into a pseudo linear equation in the form of
writing equation (2) in matrix form, as follows
Z=HX(3)
obtaining an estimate of a target using a least squares estimate
And step 3: and (4) considering the influence of the measurement error and the observation station position error on H and Z, extracting H and Z noise components in the double-base-distance error pseudo-linear equation (3) and constructing a target position pseudo-linear estimation equation. Will be provided withBrought into formula (2) and unfolded to obtain
writing equation (5) in matrix form:
1=Z1-H1X1=A1n+B1ΔSr(6)
n=diag{n1,1… nm,p},
and 4, step 4: and designing weights according to the position errors of the observation station and the double-base distance measurement errors, and obtaining an estimated value of the target position by adopting a weighted least square estimation algorithm.
Step 4.1: and (5) initializing. Let the iteration number k be 0, and use the least square estimation value obtained by equation (4) as the target initial estimation value
Step 4.2: byEstimated value calculation coefficient matrix H1,Z1,A1And B1. Optimizing index weight according to observation station position error and double-base-distance measurement noise design
Step 4.3: let k be k +1, estimate by weighted least squaresObtaining a position estimate of an objectAnd an estimate of the intermediate variable
Step 4.4: judgment ofAnd isWherein eta1And η2Is a threshold value; if the condition algorithm iteration is satisfied and stopped, obtaining the position weighted least square estimation value of the targetOtherwise, go to step 4.2.
And 5: taking into account the intermediate variable Rp(k) And target positionThe correlation between the two is designed, and the estimated value X of the correlation least square algorithm to the step 4 is designedWLSAnd (5) carrying out improvement.
Step 5.1: constructing a correlated least squares estimation model
2=Z2-H2X2=A2ΔX1+B2ΔSr(7)
A2=2diag[(x1-x0) (y1-y0) R1… (xP-x0) (yP-y0) RP],
Is XWLSX ofp(k) The items are,about XWLSY of (A) to (B)p(k) The items are,about XWLSR of (A) to (B)p(k) An item.
Step 5.2: from observation station position error Δ SrCovariance and target state X1Design weight of covariance of estimated error W2=E[2 2 T]=(A2cov(X1)A2 T+B2QSB2 T)-1,Is in a target state X1The estimated error covariance of (2).
Step 5.3: obtaining the estimation value of the target position square term by adopting a weighted least square method estimation calculation method
Step 5.4: x2The medium variable is the square term of the difference between the target position and the observation station position, and the position required to obtain the target needs to be X2The root number is as follows:
wherein II ═ diag { sgn (X)1(3p-2)-x0)sgn(X1(3p-1)-y0) And } sgn (·) is a sign function.
Claims (1)
1. A double base distance positioning method of an external radiation source radar under observation station position errors is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the multi-emission single-emission external radiation source radar network, the multi-emission single-emission external radiation source radar network comprises M external radiation sources and an observation station; the real position of the observation station is located at the originNominal position S of observation stationr=[x0,y0]TThen, thenΔSrIs the position error vector of the observation station and is assumed to be independent white Gaussian zero mean noise with covariance of E [ Delta S ]rΔSr T]=QS(ii) a The m < th > external radiation source has a coordinate vector ofP targets, the coordinate vector of the P-th target beingA single observation station is used for receiving the difference between a reflection signal of an irradiated target from an external radiation source and a direct wave signal of the external radiation source to obtain double-base-distance information
Wherein, | | · | | is an euclidean distance; the number of external radiation sources is M, and the number of targets is P; u. ofm,pRepresenting the measured double-base distance of the target p by an external radiation source radar system consisting of an external radiation source m and an observation station; n ism,pExpressing the double-base distance measurement error of the external radiation source radar system formed by the external radiation source m and the observation station to the target p, assuming nm,pIs independent white Gaussian zero mean noise with covariance of Qn;
Step 2: introducing intermediate variables into a double-base-distance measurement modelNeglecting the measurement noise nm,pAnd Δ SrConverting the non-linear equation (1) into a pseudo-linear equation of the form
writing equation (2) in matrix form, as follows
Z=HX (3)
obtaining an estimate of a target using a least squares estimate
And step 3: considering the influence of the measurement error and the position error of the observation station on H and Z, extracting H and Z noise components in the double-base-distance error pseudo-linear equation (3) and constructing a target position pseudo-linear estimation equation; will be provided withAndbrought into formula (2) and unfolded to obtain
writing equation (5) in matrix form:
1=Z1-H1X1=A1n+B1ΔSr(6)
n=diag{n1,1…nm,p},
and 4, step 4: designing weights according to the position errors of the observation station and the double-base distance measurement errors, and obtaining an estimated value of a target position by adopting a weighted least square estimation algorithm;
step 4.1: initializing; let the iteration number k be 0, and use the least square estimation value obtained by equation (4) as the target initial estimation value
Step 4.2: byEstimated value calculation coefficient matrix H1,Z1,A1And B1(ii) a Optimizing index weight according to observation station position error and double-base-distance measurement noise design
Step 4.3: let k be k +1, estimate by weighted least squaresObtaining a position estimate of an objectRegulating stomachEstimate of inter-variables
Step 4.4: judgment ofAnd isWherein eta1And η2Is a threshold value; if the condition algorithm iteration is satisfied and stopped, obtaining the position weighted least square estimation value of the targetOtherwise, turning to step 4.2;
and 5: taking into account the intermediate variable Rp(k) And target positionThe correlation between the two is designed, and the estimated value X of the correlation least square algorithm to the step 4 is designedWLSCarrying out improvement;
step 5.1: constructing a correlated least squares estimation model
2=Z2-H2X2=A2ΔX1+B2ΔSr(7)
A2=2diag[(x1-x0) (y1-y0) R1…(xP-x0) (yP-y0) RP],
Is XWLSX ofp(k) The items are,about XWLSY of (A) to (B)p(k) The items are,about XWLSR of (A) to (B)p(k) An item;
step 5.2: from observation station position error Δ SrCovariance and target state X1Design weight of covariance of estimated error W2=E[2 2 T]=(A2cov(X1)A2 T+B2QSB2 T)-1,Is in a target state X1The estimated error covariance of (a);
step 5.3: obtaining the estimation value of the target position square term by adopting a weighted least square method estimation calculation method
Step 5.4: x2The medium variable is the square term of the difference between the target position and the observation station position, and the position required to obtain the target needs to be X2The root number is as follows:
wherein, ii ═ diag { sgn (X)1(3p-2)-x0) sgn(X1(3p-1)-y0) -sgn (·) is a sign function;
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